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The theory of academic exchanges emphasises the importance of international cooperation to improve the quality of education, stimulate innovation and promote cultural diversity. China and Russia are two major world powers with rich history and culture. The exchange of international students between the countries is an important aspect of the friendly format of cooperation in higher education. During such exchange, students can improve their foreign language skills, enrich their personal life experience, ensure high competitiveness in employment, and expand their knowledge and skills in the field of their profession. This paper analyses the current situation and predicts future directions of educational exchange through various prisms, including the experience of academic student exchange between universities in the two countries. It analyses the attitudes of Chinese students studying at SPbSU towards higher education in Russia. The author notes that academic exchanges and foreign learning experiences provide opportunities for international students to broaden their horizons and fulfil their emotional needs in study and life. Students from both countries have the opportunity to immerse themselves in a different cultural and academic environment, improve their intercultural communication skills and broaden their global perspectives. It also focuses on the opinion of Chinese students about the quality of higher education in Russia. Academic exchanges of students are of great importance for the state, as they act as instruments of forming «soft power» in another country, strengthen diplomatic relations between countries, form a positive image of the state, attract investments, etc. Thus, academic exchanges are a way for countries to develop cooperation at various levels - from educational to economic. Thus, academic exchanges are a way for countries to develop co-operation at various levels - from educational to economic. Purpose. To investigate the current state of the concept of academic student exchange between China and Russia, to study the significance of this international co-operation for the development of the higher education system. Methodology. The paper uses collection and analysis of information sources, historical method, comparison and generalisation, survey with the help of the author's questionnaire. SPSS Statistics 23 software is used to analyse empirical data. Results. The result of the work is the identification of the peculiarities of the sphere of academic exchange of students between China and Russia, the determination of the importance of this cooperation for the development of the higher education system at the international level. The author concludes that cooperation in the development of innovations in key areas of education contributes to the smoothing of cultural differences between the countries, and expands opportunities for students of both countries in higher education. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in the educational sphere of international cooperation. Teachers and specialists involved in planning the educational process in the university sphere have the opportunity to create an innovative approach to improve the academic exchange programme for students, taking into account the socio-cultural criteria analysed in the article.

The study of various properties of information-technical systems from the point of view of interaction of their physical and digital components is a new and actual direction of modern science of cyber-physical systems. When considering modern cyber-physical systems, various authors recommend considering them as complex systems within the framework of system analysis. Due to the complexity of systems, adaptive algorithms should be relied upon in human-machine interaction. In this case, the specialist is seen as a decision maker. In the course of his work, he will strive to ensure the required mode of functioning of the cyber-physical system, including in the presence of faults in it. This paper proposes to consider the possible actions of a specialist in a cyber-physical system from the perspective of a simulation experiment. The paper provides an illustration of an algorithm scheme related to adaptive resource selection in a cyber-physical system. The scheme of rational decision making when resources are selected is shown. A methodology for generating logic models is proposed. The paper shows how game modeling can be applied to cyber-physical systems. The results obtained in this paper can be applied to a wide range of cyberphysical systems.

The paper is devoted to the research and study of the artistic interpretation of the concept of “Quonakh” (national hero) in Chechen painting and graphics in the 1990s. The novelty of the paper is the appeal to the origins of the concept of “Quonakh” in the works of Chechen artists, which found manifestation in certain historical conditions, respectively. The chronological scope of the study covers the period of the so-called “the First Chechen War” or the operation to restore constitutional order in Chechnya (1994-1996) and the post-war years (1996-1999). In the visual culture of this time, images of national leaders appear, carrying at this stage not so much an aesthetic, but an ideological load. Beybulat Taimiev, Zelimkhan Kharachoevsky, Baysangur Benoevsky and other heroes become, in a certain sense, symbols of Chechen culture and are still present in it to nowadays. Heroic images (in their close connection with the most important national concept), embodied in the interpretation of Chechen artists of the late 90s (XX century), are analyzed. The most professionally executed and deep in content works of Sultan Abaev, Kharon Isaev, Said Bitziraev, Khasan Sediev, which are characterized not only by a patriotic orientation, but also by a veiled form of perception of the atmosphere of modernity, were selected for the research. The purpose of this article is to identify and describe the structural and semantic features of the image-concept “Quonakh” and its reflection in professional national fine arts, which is very important in the context of not only Chechen, but also Russian culture. The methodology is based on art criticism, comparative and system-constructive analysis. The use of the historical-biographical method allows us to trace the influence of specific historical personalities on the process of creating a pictorial image. The conclusions of the study include the recapitulation about the possibilities of “artistic and figurative interpretation of philosophical concepts” that contribute to the creation of new artistic realities by transmitting feelings of heroism, patriotism, honor, using educational techniques based on the traditions of the Chechens/Nokhchiis. The image-concept “Quonakh” is one of the axiological dominants on which the existence of a distinctive ethnic culture is based. In fact, real “Chechenness”, as a property of the national character, is manifested by the presence in it of connections with the “Quonakhalla” code.

The lexicon of the Even language is extremely understudied. The choice of the topic of this paper is conditioned by the necessity to cover the undeveloped issues on synonyms of Even language with regard to their sources; semantic and typological features. The present work is devoted to the study of stylistic synonymy in the Even language. Purpose. To identify the resources of stylistic synonymy, highlight stylistic and semantic-stylistic synonyms, as well as define their features. Materials and methods. The research is based on the descriptive method, the techniques of linguistic observation, generalisation and interpretation are used. The source of the study is the "Even-Russian dictionary" by V.A. Robbek, M.E. Robbek. Results. The paper is the first to define and distribute words with stylistic meaning as well as to single out the type of semantic-stylistic synonyms and to give a description of stylistic synonyms in the Even language. The sources of these types of synonyms are words of dialect, folklore, ritual and colloquial lexicon. Practical implications. The results of the work can be applied in researches on the languages of the Manchu-Tungus peoples.

Background. The article is devoted to the semantic and discursive analysis of lexical units of English-language news articles aimed at highlighting the coronavirus issue in the period of 2020-2022. Purpose. The paper presents the results of the analysis of The Guardian news articles devoted to Covid-19 pandemic in the period of 2020-2022. Materials and methods. The news articles of The Guardian newspaper devoted to coronavirus issues were selected as the research materials. The methods of semantic and discourse analysis, partial sampling, as well as descriptive method were used in the study. Results. The article provides a detailed semantic and discursive analysis of the lexical means used in the texts. The analysis results reveal the most typical lexical means, providing such features as informativeness and expressiveness. The article provides a detailed description of functioning of expressive means in the total number of 2658 units. Practical implications. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used in practical classes in the disciplines “Practical course of the English language”, “Foreign (English) language”, “Lexical aspects of translation”, as well as when writing term papers and final qualifying papers.

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), along with cyber-biological and cybersocial systems, have recently become one of the key elements of modern infotelecommunications systems. The Internet of Things, as a revolutionary concept of the past few years, is a fundamental concept in the context of SPS. However, unlike the Internet of Things, which primarily emphasizes machine-to-machine connections, the SPS concept is based on the dualism of physical and cybernetic (information) environments. Turning to the applied field, we should note the trend towards informatization of many elements of the world around us. The degree of penetration ranges from sensors transmitting information about the state of a living organism to precise models describing the current state of an element within a smart production. This paper deals with the problem related to the control of cyber-physical systems under conditions where various random external influences are exerted on them. On the basis of game theory, the paper proposes, taking into account various criteria, to carry out the choice of control. Examples of calculations are considered.

The article deals with the main approaches to the study of the Austrian variant of the German language as a means of oral and written communication in the academic discourse. The authors focus on the lexical and pragmatic features of the Austrian variant of the German language that distinguish it from the language of the academic communication in Germany. Background. Though today much attention is given to the German variants, their functioning in institutional discourse haven’t been explored enough yet, which can lead to errors in cross-lingual communication and translation. Purpose. The aims of this paper are to analyze the main approaches and methods used in the study of the Austrian version of the German language in the academic discourse and to identify its main features on the lexical and pragmatic levels based on the results of the author’s research and the works of Austrian linguists. Materials and methods. The methods of continuous sampling and lexicographic analysis were used to describe the lexical and pragmatic features of the written academic discourse. Results. The paper describes the main methods for studying the Austrian variant of the German language in the academic discourse (lexicographic method, corpus analysis and sociolinguistic method) and identifies such features of the Austrian variant as terminological austriacisms, Latin words, gender-fair language, peculiarities of address and use of academic titles as well as internal multilingualism. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used for further, deeper study of academic discourse and other institutional discourses, for further analysis of the specific features of the Austrian variant of the German language, and will also be useful for translators and participants in international academic events and academic exchange.

Traditional Chinese waterscape design is a profound cultural symbol and a perfect embodiment of the natural landscape. The philosophical ideas, aesthetic concepts and cultural connotations embedded in traditional Chinese culture have played an important role in the design of traditional water features. However, traditional water features have struggled to maintain their lasting beauty due to their impact on the environment and ecology. With the development of modern technology and advances in water management theory and techniques, modern water treatment systems have become an important means of solving water management and ecological and environmental problems. Combining traditional cultural elements with modern water self-purification systems has become an effective way to optimise traditional water features. This paper focuses on the cultural elements and water self-purification systems embedded in the design of traditional Chinese water features, and ways to optimise them with the help of modern technology. Firstly, the cultural background of traditional Chinese garden water features is analysed in terms of their unique traditional cultural elements, design methods and characteristics. Then, through the analysis and study of modern water management theories and technologies, the principles of realisation and optimisation strategies of water treatment are discussed. Finally, the combination of traditional cultural elements and modern water purification is used to explore in depth how traditional Chinese waterscape design can integrate traditional and modern elements, making it convenient for people while having a positive impact on the natural environment and ecology. The findings of this paper help to promote the combination of traditional culture and modern technology, and provide references and lessons for the environmental development of traditional Chinese waterscape design.

Background. The topic of the article is timely. Many interesting and technically quite feasible ideas in equipping the stage were not implemented in the theater due to the lack of direct groundwork and limited time resources. Problem statement. Generalization of the latest experience in the field of theatrical machinery requires raising the issue to the level of an interdisciplinary scientific direction based on mechanics, mechatronics and robotics. Purpose. The need to implement the increasingly complex ideas of performance directors in a modern theater requires the improvement of demonstration equipment, primarily theatrical machinery based on new scientific achievements and modern technical means of mechanization and automation. Research methods. Special stage robots can have a very different appearance, for example, they can be zoomorphic or anthropomorphic, but while maintaining the style of constructivism, they can have a man-made appearance. Such robots can perform complex movements, while they usually have numerous moving parts with independent drives. To provide flexible motion control capabilities with a focus on spectator perception, it is required to use microprocessor control with coordination from central control computers. Results. When setting requirements for such a technique, the orientation towards visual perception is specific, which is also used in demonstration robotics. Based on the scientific generalization of previous and new experience in creating technical equipment for theatrical productions of large theaters, the paper describes and characterizes typical tasks of creating and working out a scientific base for creating modern and promising equipment for theatrical productions based on general principles and practical methods of mechanics, mechatronics and robotics.

Rejection of metal products is an important stage of the production process aimed at ensuring the best quality of the final product. Traditional rejection methods, based on visual inspection or the use of simple automated systems, have their limitations and disadvantages, such as low speed and accuracy of defect classification. The paper examines the possibility of using various machine learning methods to classify defects in metal products. A comparative analysis of these algorithms, as well as their effectiveness, is carried out in order to determine the most suitable approach to the automatic rejection of metal products.

To date, one of the important and urgent tasks of the science of electrodynamics is to study the scattering characteristics of various complex electrodynamic objects. Among them, hollow structures can be distinguished, which are part of antenna systems and structures of various technical facilities. Their contribution to the levels of electromagnetic fields in the anterior hemisphere can be quite large. The correct solution to the problem of scattering of electromagnetic wave scattering characteristics is associated with the use of appropriate methods. The paper considers the solution of the problem based on the method of integral equations. During the analysis of the two-frequency effect, the use of the wavelet transform is considered.

When managing organizations, it is necessary in many cases to implement personnel management procedures. The paper proposes to use the methodology of cognitive modeling. Then the most effective management decisions and scenarios for the development of events can be selected using the fact that concepts are distinguished that will characterize the current situation in a qualitative and quantitative way. In addition, estimates of the mutual influence of factors are considered. The method of cognitive modeling of the processes of managing the development of the organization's personnel is proposed. In the course of its implementation, cognitive maps are formed. A block diagram aimed at cognitive and simulation dynamic analysis and modeling is presented. The implementation of the development of strategies and forecasts of how the personnel of the organization will develop with the involvement of a cognitive approach is considered in the form of the presented analytical technology. Suggestions for an intelligent advising system are given. The functions that are designed to solve problems related to the development of the company's personnel are shown. In the results, based on the proposed approach, an illustration of the developed scheme of causal relationships in the analysis of violations of technological discipline is given. The results of the work can be useful in modeling and managing the work of personnel in corporate information systems.

This article is devoted to the study of the concept of "terroir" as a socio-cultural structure. The paper presents the history of development and the main ideas of the creation of the concept of "terroir" in the context of the formation of regional cultural identity. The lack of a unified approach to determining the key characteristics of the "terroir" is due to the fact that it includes not only a set of soil and climatic features, but also cultural ones. Taking into account the difficulties of translating the term, the insufficient number of Russian-language materials, a special place in the work is occupied by a review of foreign scientific studies translated by the author on the concept of "terroir" and the identification of its role in the formation of cultural identity. The purpose of the study is to identify the research potential of the concept of "terroir" for the analysis of cultural practices related to the production and consumption of wine. The research methodology consists in using a structural and typological method to analyze the concept of "terroir" and a genetic method to establish cause-and-effect relationships between natural and cultural factors of the formation of "terroir". The work also relies on the method of cultural classification to group the typological features of the "terroir" as a result of human transformation of a natural phenomenon into a socio-cultural structure. Results: for the first time, based on the material of foreign scientific sources, the process of formation of the concept of "terroir" is considered, which involves the inclusion of social and cultural aspects in the definition of terroir, strengthens its connection with the cultural landscape. The terroir is considered as a set of natural and cultural characteristics that have a significant impact on the process of formation and actualization of regional cultural identity. The scope of the results. The work is a contribution to modern cultural, philosophical, sociological, marketing, tourism and economic studies of the terroir, as it establishes a link between the practices of wine cultivation and consumption and the cultural identity of the region. The work can become the basis for the formation of cultural policy and the image of the wine regions of Russia.

Background. The research in the sphere of audio-visual translation has acquired considerable relevance due to the growth of audio and video materials in foreign languages caused by the development of IT-technologies. While working with these sources, a translator is required to have full command of both the source and the target languages, a thorough background knowledge and translation techniques. All this necessitates the description and scientific analysis of audio-visual translation with the purpose of its evaluation, improving its quality and eliminating errors in the process of such a translation. The aim of the research. The article deals with the ways of rendering the substandard vocabulary from English into Russian in audio-visual translation. Methods and materials. The author employed such methods as stylistic, comparative and definitional analysis. In the process of the research, we used special dictionaries of slang and jargon. The material of the article is the original soundtrack of the British criminal comedy Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels and its translations into Russian. Results. In the course of the research, it was established that the Russian translations were able to convey the stylistic features of the original with a varying degree of semantic proximity. The translation of substandard vocabulary was done with the help of stylistically equivalent vocabulary. However, in some cases the translators resorted to descriptive translation. The rejection of the stylistically equivalent vocabulary can be explained by the restriction to use certain substandard vocabulary in film distribution. The research allowed to single out several translation inaccuracies such is over-literal, incomplete or loose translation of the original soundtrack. The results of the research can be used in the courses of translation theory, lexicology and linguostylistics, as well as in the papers covering the problems of audiovisual translation and film translation.

Background. Subtitling as a type of audiovisual translation has gained great popularity in recent decades. Compared to other types of audiovisual translation, the production of subtitles for films, TV series, and animated films takes less time and requires fewer financial costs. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to identify the difficulties faced by a translator in the subtitled translation of animated films. To do this, it is necessary to identify the essence and features of subtitling; identify the difficulties that translators may face in the process of subtitled translation; determine strategies for subtitled translation of animated films. Materials and Methods. To solve the tasks set, both theoretical and practical research methods were used: analysis of literature on translation theory and audiovisual translation as a special aspect of translation studies; analysis and interpretation of strategies for subtitled translation of the Strange Planet animated series. Results. The results of the study showed that audiovisual translation is a special type of translation, which includes the adaptation of texts with a complex structure combining elements coming through different channels of perception. Animated films also belong to such texts. The paper lists the features of their subtitling using the example of translating the Strange Planet cartoon series from English to Russian. Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in the practical activities of the translator, when compiling subtitles for animated films.

The paper focuses on a critical issue of ensuring food security for countries that are members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), which is especially important given the transformation of the global food market in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research aims (1) to assess the possibility of creating a single food market of the EAEU and (2) to identify the difficulties faced by the Siberian agricultural sector in addressing food security issues and export development. The paper presents the results of the study concerning the development of trade and economic cooperation between the Siberian Federal District (SFD) of the Russian Federation and the EAEU countries with regard to the agricultural market. Based on the statistical analysis of national data, we examined the particular aspects of Siberian agricultural export development. We were able to identify the largest trading partners among the EAEU member states and study the particular aspects of their food imports based on the Russian database indicators. According to the analysis results, we concluded that exports are dominated by food products, namely intermediate and final products, which correspond to the objectives of the Russian Federation National Project International Cooperation and Exports. Market research on the breakdown of imports to the EAEU showed that it imported dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and processed foods. We identified the most promising areas of export development for the SFD based on a review of the scientific studies on economic integration and food security issues. The scientific novelty of this research lies in proving the need to develop exports of finished food products with a high level of processing, which requires the integrated development of the food processing industry in the SFD by means of regional strategic programs for introducing innovative biotechnologies in deep processing of agricultural raw materials. The research findings might be of great interest to members of the academic community and undergraduate and graduate students pursuing similar research agendas.

This paper examines innovations in the field of ensuring food security for those in need. It is noted that in the modern world, in addition to traditional food supply models (that is, those that set themselves the only goal – to help those in need) innovative methods are emerging (which pursue several goals, one of which is to help those in need). In more detail, this paper discusses innovative methods, to which the authors refer the possibility of creating a public retail network with fixed prices, conducting a markdown procedure, getting food in commercial enterprises for free, obtaining a comprehensive restaurant service at a significantly lower price and self-organization of people in a digital environment. The paper presents a detailed analysis of each of the above methods. The main conclusion of the study is the need to segment the needy depending on their specific needs. The authors propose to distinguish the following groups of people in need: those in need of basic food, those in need of additional food, those in need of socially acceptable practices for obtaining food, the well-off. For each of the selected groups, innovative methods of providing food are proposed, depending on the specifics of the needs of the people in each group. It is noted that considering individual needs while ensuring food security leads to an increase in the quality of life of the population.

Purpose. The paper aims at discovering stylistic and grammatical peculiarities in tourism discourse based on VisitBritain.com text corpus; analyzing its application scope and mission; specifying “tourism discourse” as a notion. Methodology. Used in the paper are general scientific methods (synthesis, generalization), analysis of the text corpus, method of linguistic analysis. Results. The issue of tourism discourse as a separate unit, not a subtype of advertising discourse, remains highly disputable nowadays. The present paper analyses the theoretical basis of notions of “discourse” and “tourism discourse”; determines the levels and communication means in tourism; substantiates the hypothesis on multi-component and multi-modal structure of tourism discourse as a linguistic phenomenon. In the practical part of the research, the author draws special attention to the specifics of the English tourism discourse in terms of typology, lexicology and morphology. The paper concludes by saying that tourism discourse is different from advertising one as well as requires further investigation into the issue. Practical implications. The results presented in the article can be used both in theory and applications, i.e., further inquiry into the pragmatic constituent of tourism discourse and its interdisciplinarity; compilation of corpora of tourist texts in the English language; adaptation of the English tourism discourse for present-day realities and addressees’ demands.

The article is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity. The role of a sports metaphor as an effective means of speech expressiveness is considered, examples of its implementation in English are given. Purpose of the study. The present study is devoted to the particularity of the use of a sports metaphor in different spheres of human activity based on the material of the English language. Materials and methods. In the study the methods of conceptual and contextual analysis, descriptive method, partial sampling techniques were used. Results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the concept of “metaphor”, provides examples of the use of sports metaphors taken from different sports in the English-language media, business and politics. Practical implications. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results can be used in classes of the discipline “Foreign Language” (English), when writing term papers and final qualifying papers.

This paper deals with one of the urgent problems in the framework of the implementation of the latest radical technologies of “human enhancement” the so-called theory of multiple identity (multiple “I”, the theory of doubles, and the duplication of consciousness). This topic of a possible backup of our consciousness is analyzed in relation to the procedure for digitally uploading consciousness, creating digital avatars, cyborgs, and clones and cases of success in the field of gene editing as well as the application of this technology to humans. In fiction, particularly in science fiction, this problem is included in the list of top mysterious subjects. As an example, the paper considers a position of a famous science fiction writer and supporter of transhumanism David Brin, presented in the work “Kiln People”. The article highlights main ideas, possible risks, and negative consequences that the writer is trying to foresee and reveal scenarios for the development of launching a mass duplication of consciousness or creating a technology for implementing a multiple identity of “I”.

Background. Pyridines are one of the most common heterocycles, the derivatives of which are widely used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemistry, and also in the production of new materials. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the chemical behavior of various pyridine derivatives will continue to be an urgent task of organic chemistry. This literature review is devoted to the systematization and analysis of the chemical properties of pyridine nitro derivatives, starting from the first half of the 20th century and up to the present. The paper considers both reactions proceeding through the nitro group (reduction under the action of various chemical agents, substitution, condensation) and reactions through the pyridine cycle. The main areas of application of nitropyridines are also shown. Purpose. Generalize and systematize the main types of reactions characteristic of nitropyridines, show the features of their chemical properties associated with the transformation of the nitro group, its effect on the mobility of substituents in the pyridine ring, as well as on the activity of the heterocycle as a whole. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, a review of the scientific literature was made on the main types of chemical reactions characteristic of pyridine nitro derivatives and the most significant areas of their application. Results. This paper summarizes the results of experimental studies on the chemical properties and application of nitropyridines from the beginning of the last century to the present. Conclusion. Thus, as a result of the analysis of sources devoted to the chemical properties and application of nitropyridines, a brief literature review was compiled, including the main types of reactions characteristic of the compounds under study, and their main areas of application were identified.

The research materials are based on the processing and analyzing the official results of the air and ground surveys conducted in 2019, providing departmental materials. The habitats with a high number of mountain sheep include the Karaganda, Turkestan, Dzhambul and Almaty regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The paper aims to estimate the changes in argali’s number and reveal the basic influencing factors. The total number of wild mountain sheep in Kazakhstan is 17954 heads. The paper shows that the share of the influence of environmental and anthropogenic factors on the number of argalis is 99.7%. The main influence on the number of snow sheep is exerted by anthropogenic factors such as poaching and economic use of the range of wild mountain sheep by humans. From time to time, severe fires affect the deterioration of the habitat. The authors attribute the creation of specially protected natural territories and the inclusion of subspecies in the Red Book of Kazakhstan to the positive impact of human activity on the argali population. In modern conditions, the natural potential viability and survival of mountain sheep and further naturalization are weak, although there is an increase in the number of argalis. These aspects indicate that the anthropogenic factor affects animals intensely. The analysis of variance shows and testifies to the high influence of the anthropogenic factor on the number of argalis in regions of Kazakhstan. Today, to improve the protection of mountain sheep, it is advisable to organize a network of specially protected natural territories in the mountainous regions of the south and south-east of Kazakhstan.

This paper analyzes the works of management classics such as Russell Ackoff, Nancy Adler, Frederick Herzberg, Chris Argyris, Bennis Warren, Lyndall Urwick, experts of Aston Group, and others. A common bond between them is organizational behavior and the fact that their work was written in the last century and that elements of their theories were the basis for the neoclassical management theories that predominate today. Purpose. The aim is to identify commonalities with the iterative-incremental (agile) approach to development and management from classical management theories. Methodology. The paper analyses classical management papers in organizational behavior and leadership theory to identify commonalities with the iterative-incremental approach to management. The two categories are considered holistically, as leadership can determine organizational behavior. The paper applies ontological and integrated approaches. Results. The paper identifies standard features of classical theories and agile approaches to management. It indicates that classical approaches to management have formed the basis of agile approaches to management. Practical implications. The results apply to social management and organizational psychology scholars. In addition, the results will help to scientists write textbooks and manuals on management theory and related disciplines. The study’s results contribute to developing the history of managerial thought.

The paper is devoted to agro-ecological classification of agricultural land using modern methods of geo-information data analysis and machine learning. Background. There are few works in the literature, which cover the issues of accuracy of machine learning (MLL) models for agro-ecological grouping of agricultural land. A large number of raster information layers are used to improve the accuracy of land classification from satellite images. This considerably increases the time of training and testing MMOs, producing thematic maps of agricultural land classification. This approach requires considerably high computing resources and a considerable amount of computer RAM. Raster GIS data models occupy a much larger volume than vector models. In this regard, research on automated agro-ecological (grouping, classification) of agricultural land using vector GIS models is of practical importance. Purpose. The aim of the study is to apply GIS methods, remote sensing (ERS) data and machine learning methods for agricultural land grouping. Materials and methods. The materials used were synthesized multispectral high spatial resolution Sentinel-2A images, maps of vegetation indices NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), OSAVI (Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), EVI2 (Enhanced Vegetation Index2), NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index), SAVI, PVI, GDVI, MCARI, NDRE, TSAVI; topographic map, ALOS DSM (30 m/pixel) and ALOS PALSAR (12.5 m/pixel) satellite images, soil map and field survey results. Field measurements were carried out using the Triump-2 satellite geodetic receiver and included determination of coordinates of characteristic points of land plot boundaries, relief elements, and soil survey. Digital spatial model of land use was created using GIS ArcGIS and QGIS, Python engineering libraries were used in the machine learning process. Results. Agro-ecological grouping of lands was realized by the example of the farm "Zerno Sibiri" of Novosibirsk region using the following machine learning methods: Random Forest (RF) method, Decision Tree (DT), k-nearest neighbours method (KNN). The best accuracy is the RF machine learning model. The accuracy of the model averaged 97.9% (with training 99.9%, testing 98.8%, and cross validation 95.0%). The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is 0.006: for training sample 0.001; test sample 0.076; validation sample 0.123 respectively). The mean kappa coefficient was 0.97 (1.00 for the training sample; 0.982 for the test sample, and 0.927 for the validation sample). Conclusion. The offered method of agro-ecological grouping of agricultural lands by means of GIS, RS data and machine learning methods enabled to distinguish informative quantitative indicators of the relief. The main essence of the proposed method is to create a machine learning model (MLM) based on a spatial dataset. The spatial dataset is formed using geoinformation analysis methods and includes: geomorphometric maps, maps of agrometeorological parameters, soil map, on-farm land management map and operational-territorial units of land classification. The application of vector data model allowed for agro-ecological grouping of agricultural lands in automated mode, to accelerate labor-intensive process of raster data recognition, to increase objectivity of the work. The suggested method of agro-ecological agro-ecological grouping of lands allows taking into account the totality of relief and soil-ecological conditions indicators with the help of geoinformation analysis methods, remote sensing and machine learning.

This paper presents a development that optimizes the process of educational scheduling by creating algorithms that automatically distribute the load of the educational process and take into account all the preferences of teachers. One of the currently popular platforms for deploying these developments is the google tables platform for creating google tables and creating code based on google app script. The peculiarity of the system implemented with the help of this platform is the ease of use and minimization of resources spent on software storage, which greatly simplifies interaction with the system. Purpose – create a tool for drawing up a study schedule, interacting with a database created in Google Tables, interacting with participants of an educational institution online, which saves personal time of teachers and employees of the dean’s office. Method or methodology of the work: the article discusses a way to optimize the creation of a weekly schedule, taking into account the convenience of the teacher in the distribution of pairs and taking into account the load of the educational process by creating algorithms based on Google app script. For implementation, online tables are used that are accessible to all teachers and employees of the dean’s office, updated in real time, Tables created in Google and the google app script programming language. Result: a unique tool has been developed that implements the functions of adding, storing, interacting and round-the-clock access to training schedule data. Scope of application of the results: the curriculum, stored in online tables and updated by the dean’s office staff, should be used for monitoring by each teacher, keeping track of their time of couples in educational institutions.

Relevance. Studies in different regions of the Russian Federation confirm that corruption affects all spheres of society. The education system has not been left out. This negative phenomenon is also characteristic of this department, which, in turn, should become a standard of honesty and fairness, given its main activity – education and socialization of the younger generation. Therefore, corruption in the field of education has irreparable omissions and serious consequences. Anticipating these consequences, an anti-corruption policy is being implemented at the state level aimed at forming a personality with sustainable anti-corruption behavior. This policy is based on a legal system with a long history. The paper analyzes the regulatory and legal aspects related to anti-corruption policy. The preventive activity of subjects of prevention of corruption offenses is summarized. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of regulatory legal acts related to anti-corruption policy in the field of education. To achieve this goal, the research uses the comparative legal method, generalization and analysis of normative legal acts, the method of expert assessments, content analysis, and sociological methods. Results. The state anti-corruption policy aimed at forming a personality with sustainable anti-corruption behavior is of paramount importance in the system of countering a dangerous phenomenon. In contrast to forceful methods, anti-corruption policy, which has a strong legal basis, conducted at the state level, has good prospects. Intolerance to corrupt behavior is formed among young people from school, and anti-corruption “immunity” is developed. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of regional anti-corruption programs in the field of education.

The article deals with the topic of implementation of the flipped classroom technology of blended learning in foreign language classes in higher education. This is particularly important in terms of the need to create personalized learning experience for students. The aim of the paper is to identify the main advantages of the flipped classroom technology in foreign language teaching in higher education. Methodological basis includes theoretical and methodological analysis of literature on the research problem as well as systematization of the studied information. As a result of the research, the essence of the notion “blended learning” was revealed and the main advantages of the flipped classroom technology in foreign language classes were identified. The special place of productive method of teaching foreign languages was determined as it contributes to the development of students’ grammar-discourse competence. It was concluded that “flipped classroom”, having a number advantages, in combination with the productive method of teaching can contribute to optimization of foreign language teaching in higher education.

Purpose. Over time, paper educational materials are supplemented and replaced by electronic ones, so a new problem has arisen – the presentation of educational information in a new form, taking into account the wide possibilities of information technology. With the help of the Internet, humanity has created a huge system of hypertexts. The user, by creating his own route of movement through the links, creates meaning inside his consciousness, complements it depending on the information he meets. The use of hypertext in teaching mathematics allows you to organize a personality-oriented approach, explore the routes of students in a network structure. The purpose of the article is to focus the research on the investment of the case method in a hypertext structure, to create a case model using hypertext, to analyze the route system of the case model. The created hypertext case will be a prototype of the construction of educational material using hypertext technology and the case method. Methodology. The research is based on the analysis and synthesis of psychological-pedagogical and educational-methodical literature, on modeling the structure of educational material (case) using hypertext technology. Results. Creation of a hypertext case model for teaching semantic reading to secondary school students based on the analysis of the structure and elements of hypertext and case. Practical implications. The results can be applied in the creation of an electronic textbook on mathematics, a collection of mathematical cases for teaching semantic reading to students.

Purpose. The article examines research skills formation in undergraduate students by means of a foreign language as a necessary aspect of their academic and professional activities. This paper aims to assess possibility of elective foreign language course in forming elementary research skills in the students of non-linguistic specializations. Materials and methods. The main theoretical methods are analysis of pedagogical and methodological literature on the problem, comparison, generalization. The leading method is a pedagogical experiment. The basis for the forming of research skills is an elective distance learning course aimed at using sources in a foreign language. Results. The article presents data on the methods of forming research skills among university students. The obtained results indicate the formation of research skills of non-linguistic degree courses’ students in the implementation of an elective distance course in a foreign language. As a result of studying this course students have developed research skills necessary for using English for scientific goals and academic needs.

Purpose. This paper is devoted to consideration of the color terms in French and German idioms and paremias and determining specifics of color perception in both languages. The authors made a comprehensive analysis of French and German idioms and paremias which contain color components. Color lexics containing such colors as blue/azure, red, green, yellow, white and black serves as the object of the analysis. Color palette clearly reflects cultural diversity, a worldview of French and German people. Method and methodology of the work. The study is based on comparative and descriptive method and method of thematical analysis of lexical units. Results. The results of the conducted research let us to conclude that color terms in both French and German languages are quite diverse from the national-cultural perspective and convey a high degree of intensity. Color perception is grounded on emotional impressions. All the color terms considered in the current article have positive as well as negative assessment, more rarely neutral. Practical implications. The outcomes of the study can be used in teaching lexicology, phraseology, stylistics, as well as within the field of linguistic and cultural studies of France and Germany.

The paper considers characteristics of gastronomic discourse through the lens of the audiovisual translation being one of the most popular and demanded types of translation today. The paper is a review of the main theoretical treatments of discourses and terminological aspects related to the topic “food”. A great variety of approaches to defining and classifying the main concepts of such studies (P.P. Burkova, I.E. Zaĭceva, N.N.Kacunova, F.L. Kosickaya, A.V. Olyanich) indicates that the issue is open to discussion and serves as a motivation for our research. Purpose. The study aims to find translation strategies in rendering gastronomic discourse from English into Russian. Material and methods. Jamie Oliver’s TV cooking shows from 2005 to 2017 and their translations into Russian made by Foxlife, Telecafe, Kuchnya TV channels. Contrastive method and critical analysis are used as the main methods of the study. Results. The paper describes effective translation strategies of gastronomic discourse from English into Russian, systematizes common translation mistakes and offers their possible solutions. Practical implications. The results can be used in translation and interpreting when rendering the English content into Russian for further dubbing of TV cooking shows; in further studies of gastronomic discourse; in university courses of stylistics, theory and practice of translation; in teaching language training methods.

Technologies of artificial insemination of cattle are actively used in livestock farms in Russia. At the same time, quality control of semen production does not involve testing the bull semen for microorganisms of the genus Mycoplasma. The active use of molecular genetic methods allows for the rapid determination and species identification of pathogenic mycoplasmas; however, it does not indicate the viability of the identified pathogen. The paper aims to study mycoplasma contamination of semen products presented on the Russian market and determine the conformity of the results of the Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR] method and the traditionally used microbiological method. The paper presents the results of the first Russian study of the occurrence and viability of pathogenic species Mycoplasma bovis, M. bovigenitalium, M. californicum, and Ureaplasma diversum in semen production. We investigated 447 samples of cryopreserved semen of bulls-producers of various breeds from Russian breeding centers and breeding farms of the USA, Great Britain, and the Netherlands, supplying these products to the Russian market. The analysis shows a high frequency of occurrence in the bull semen of DNA of microorganisms of the genus Mycoplasma (up to 70.9%). Besides, M. bovigenitalium appeared to be the most frequently detected type of mycoplasma from those tested. Cases of identifying several types of mycoplasmas in one sample were revealed: in 58.8% of the studied samples of semen products from Russian farms and 15% of semen samples from international breeding centers. The viability of mycoplasmas that were positive according to PCR analysis when testing 65 samples was demonstrated using the microbiological method for 94% of samples. The correspondence of the results of microbiological and molecular genetic detection of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas was 88.3%. The results obtained indicate the prevalence of mycoplasmas in semen production and the need to improve the control system of breeding material in order to prevent the spread of mycoplasma infections of cattle using artificial insemination technologies.

The paper presents the results of studies of the current state, significant trends, development potential, and funding sources of the wine industry in the Russian Federation. At the regional level, economic, natural (soil and climate), and anthropogenic factors are identified as the main factors that determine the potential for the development of viticulture and winemaking in the current conditions. The research identifies the fundamental aspects of government support for viticulture and winemaking. The paper analyzes conditions for developing the wine industry in Crimea and Sevastopol, including the financial component. In particular, the paper examines the results of analytical calculations of the financial leverage ratio for the most prominent winemaking enterprises of the Crimean Peninsula. The government support measures for the Crimean winemaking enterprises in terms of increasing the availability of long-term loans have been analyzed. The paper explores significant trends in the development of the Crimean wine industry as a whole and long-term loans to the local enterprises. The authors propose an economic and mathematical model for quantifying the cumulative effect of the following essential factors on consumer satisfaction with the price-quality ratio of wine products. One assumes that this model can form the basis for assessing the potential for developing the viticulture and wine industry at the regional level in the Russian Federation. Considering the results of the source research and financial and economic analysis carried out in the field, the paper aims to reveal the primary features and issues of the development of enterprises in the wine industry of Crimea and produce optimal solutions. The paper attempts to formulate a proposal on the expediency of using the presented research results, including a model analysis of the influence of a combination of significant factors on the development of viticulture and winemaking in the regions and develop recommendations for restoring the sustainability of wineries in modern conditions and prolonging the program of further research.

The paper summarizes the experience of Russian and foreign researchers in studying the effectiveness of online interventions to correct eating behavior and weight change. It formulates the scientific problem of the ambiguity of the quality of existing programs to work with multifactorial eating disorders. The research notes differences between the categories of efficacy and effectiveness, which consist of the quality assessment breadth degree. A meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of structured in-person and online eating behavior interventions without specifying a behavior change model. The paper outlines research limitations on the effectiveness of intervention programs in the eating disorders area (small sample size, which reduces the probability of detecting differences; unrepresented observation period for weight maintenance; different levels and types of motivation for weight loss among participants; high cost of participation in the program; highlighting weight loss as the main parameter; lack of data on the program’s duration). It develops recommendations for overcoming these limitations (researching a sample of 60 or more people; performing measurements of body parameters before, during, after, and six months after the end of the program; consideration of participants’ motivations; establishing a reasonable price for the program; including psychological indicators in the program; specifying the duration of the program and forms of work), respectively. The analysis of online programs developed recommendations to improve the effectiveness of online interventions to correct weight and eating disorders, considering the factors affecting the effectiveness of online programs (personalized feedback, social support, the use of a large number of technologies for communication (video, audio, text), the opportunity for self-disclosure, the complexity of treatment, etc.).

The relevance of the study. The paper is devoted to the study of the creative activity evaluating problem. The subject of the study is the evaluation criteria. At present, it seems obvious that there is a need to systematize and structure knowledge in the field of theory and methods of teaching fine arts. In particular, special attention should be paid to the problem of evaluating students’ works in the fine arts lesson. Despite the fact that the Federal State Standard of General Education sets requirements for the development of the basic educational program, the question of the correct assessment of the creative activity of students remains open for modern teachers. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to study the specifics of evaluating creative activity and its results in a fine art lesson at school. Results and discussion. The classical five–point assessment system is not fully sufficient in fine art lessons, therefore, an internal one–hundred-point assessment system should be included, which would clearly indicate strengths and weaknesses of each student. Conclusion. The assessment of students’ creative achievements is a multifaceted process that requires taking into account a number of students` characteristics and the clear and consistent understanding of the criteria apparatus.

The research objective is to identify and analyze the possibility of using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Altai Krai for agroclimatic and meteorological research, including forecasting climate change and predicting the yield of various crops. An agroclimatic assessment of atmospheric droughts within the conditions of Altai Krai was performed using a method relatively new for national agrometeorology. At the moment, in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, the G. T. Selyaninov Hydrothermic Factor (HF) is mainly used for assessing droughts, which makes it possible to assess the territory water availability by the ratio of the period characteristics with the temperature above 10°С. The authors have compiled the SPI calculator in the Microsoft Excel software environment. The paper presents the graphs of the moisturization course for the period of the active growing season for 31 meteorological stations of Altai Krai, and the frequency of arid events is calculated for compiling a precipitation model for the period of 1964–2020. The paper does not provide formulas described in detail in literature sources. The research results can be used in planning activities in the sphere of agriculture, developing an economic strategy for the region, and strategy in relation to adaptation to climate change. Areas are highlighted that are priority-oriented for taking measures to prevent the adverse consequences of climate change. General tendencies of changes in agrometeorological indicators have been found in those areas where they are the greatest ones. A comparison is made with the work results regarding other entities of the Russian Federation and the near abroad, wherein the possibility of using the SPI method for assessing droughts is analyzed.

The paper considers the export problem of the agro-industrial products of Russia. The research relevance lies in the competition conditions in the world food markets. The paper aims to study the impact of the development of exports of agricultural products on the stability of the Russian economy. Considering the strengthening of the position of agricultural products export in the structure of Russian exports, the paper aims to assess the problems and identify new opportunities for the development of agricultural products exports based on an analysis of its dynamics and structure. The authors applied the methods of economic-statistical analysis to identify patterns in the dynamics and structure of exports of agricultural products. During the research, the dynamics and structure of agricultural exports were analyzed. The authors also calculated the average export price for the enlarged product groups. They concluded that (1) the share of agricultural exports in the structure of Russian exports is growing and (2) that there is a need to increase its efficiency through government support measures. New opportunities for the export of agricultural products in the world market arise with (1) an increase of the competitiveness of products, (2) the development of new sales markets, (3) a stable position of exporters, (4) the efficient production of agricultural products by national producers. Currently, it is possible only if state support for export activities is combined with the initiatives of the agriculture entrepreneurs. The paper will be useful for regional and federal governments, the scientific community, and anyone interested in Russian export issues.

This paper presents a comparative analysis of transhumanist provisions and ideas manifested through fiction, particularly, in the novel by V.O. Pelevin “Transhumanism Inc”. The common points of convergence are revealed: the author’s interpretation of a number of transhumanistic ideas and possible variations of transhumanistic scenarios implemented in the novel by V.O. Pelevin. The paper concludes that the ideas of transhumanism are undoubtedly close to the postmodern literature, there is an ongoing popularization of transhumanism in the Russian literature, and there are some stereotypical emphases and fatigue in the writer’s vision of transhumanist perspectives.

The paper considers and tests methodological approaches to assessing public health risks when establishing and using the sanitary (seventh) subzone in an airport zone. Testing was performed at a large civilian airport in Russia. It involved outlining noise contours in accordance with the ICAO methodology. The aviation noise contours were verified with the results produced by instrumental measurements. Acoustic exposure was calculated through assessing averaged daily equivalent noise level (LDN) that was equal to 65 dBA. Health risk assessment showed that long-term exposure primarily affected the cardiovascular system: moderate risks would occur by 23 years; high, by 55 years; and very high, by 63 years. Identified health disorders may become apparent through elevated blood pressure, heart diseases, myocardial infarctions and others. Background. It is quite common to locate certain objects within an AZ that are subject to sanitary-epidemiological standardization. Use of any AZ for location of such objects should be well grounded and this is a significant issue occurring when the sanitary (seventh) subzone is established. In particular, this concerns equivalent outdoor noise levels and equivalent and maximum permissible indoor noise levels. Purpose. Our research goal was to test the suggested approach to health risk assessment within the boundaries of an aircraft zone. Materials and methods. Our research object was a large civil aviation airport located in the temperate zone with an average daily number of landings and takeoffs being about 200. At the exposure assessment stage, we calculated aircraft noise contours by using a certified software package that was based on «Recommended Method for Computing Noise Contours Around Airports» (ICAO Doc 9911-2018). We took an equivalent averaged noise level (LAday, dBА) as an indicator applied to estimate population exposure to a harmful factor. We performed continuous AN measurements on a territory that was planned for development. This AN occurred due to AC takeoffs and landings with more than 600 AC flights detected during the measurement period. This determined effects produced by AN on the examined territory. Assessment of “exposure – response” and “exposure – effect” relationships involved using recurrent risk growth equations built on conventional pair mathematical models. This risk was measured within a range from 0 to 1 and scale was considered when giving its estimates. Results. This value was calculated based on maximum noise levels established during a single aircraft flight when it took off or landed along a route that was the most significant for determining exposure to aircraft noise. We also calculated equivalent noise levels at day and at night that corresponded to flight intensities typical for normal airport operations (2019). These levels were LAeq.day = 66,0 dBA (“takeoff”), LAeq.night = 52,0 dBA (“landing”). Health risk assessment indicated that long-term (chronic) exposure to average daily noise LАd = 65 dBA primarily produced effects on the cardiovascular system. This created moderate risks by the age of 23 years; high risks, 55 years; and extremely high risks, by 63 years. We established that living for more than 15 years in an airport zone with identified noise levels could result in negative health outcomes. Conclusion. Overall, we have confirmed that health risk assessment should be considered an important instrument for substantiating boundaries of a zone influenced by an airport. Results produced by such assessment are a key criterion in determining how to use a territory near an airport in future as regards locating capital objects there including residential areas and their exploitation.

The changing trade procedures within the healthcare system aim to improve the procurement mechanisms for medical products (MP), means of supplier identification, ways to reduce contract prices, and informational foundation for contracting. Research on the efficiency of MP procurement systems in the federal subjects of the Russian Federation and legislative acts applied to them is especially relevant today. This work aims to compare structural differences in contract-regulated MP procurement systems in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB). The official website www.zakupki.gov.ru provides data on volumes and structure of MP supply in medical and pharmaceutical organizations of the RB. This paper contains the indexes of supplier and consumer rotation in the RB trade in 2013 and 2017 and a comparative analysis of tenders according to the form of order placement. The authors calculated the efficiency gains of signed contracts and conducted a comparative analysis of the examined tenders in the MP procurement system according to federal legislation (federal laws). The work undertaken allowed the authors to determine development tendencies in the competition among MP suppliers, identify the structural specificity of the MP tenders, and demonstrate their efficiency. The authors present conclusions drawn based on the comparative analysis and provide recommendations on the improvement of MP procurement in the RB. They identify the high potential of the republic to implement digital public auctions as a form of an MP procurement mechanism in accordance with Federal Law No. 223-FZ.

The paper presents data on the effect of phytoremediation: the use of a mixture of winter vetch and wheat as green manure [GM] and their combination with the microbial preparation Azotobacterin [AB] (GM +AB) in vineyard rows on soil fertility on piedmont carbonate chernozems. A variant with overgrowing of row spacing with segetal vegetation served as a control. The studies were conducted in 2018–2019 in the foothill zone of the Crimea in a vineyard founded in 2002, on grapes of cultivar ‘Bastardo Magarachsky’. Also, GM cultures were sown in November and plowed in May next year. It was found that 0.19–0.21 kg m–2 of organic matter dry mass got into the soil during the plowing with GM, 1.6 times more than in the control. Thus, GM leads to the accumulation of moisture in the layer 60–100 cm, 13.4% higher than the control, and an increase in pHH2O and active carbonates content within the permissible values for grapes. There was an accumulation of organic carbon by 0.31–0.45%, mobile forms of nutrients in the soil: NO3 - by 18%, P2O5 - by 3.2 times, K2O - by 39% in the 0–60 cm layer under the influence of GM.

Relevance. The social dimension of the concept of sustainable development is recognized as the most relevant but least developed. Ensuring social sustainability requires effective interdisciplinary cooperation based on a modern evolutionary-synergetic picture of the world. Objective. To formulate the concept of social system sustainability within the framework of evolutionary-synergetic paradigm. Materials and Methods. The philosophical and methodological analysis of the works of foreign and domestic authors in the field of social philosophy, sociology and synergetics was carried out. Results. The notions of sustainability in synthetic evolution of G. Spencer are considered. The role of division of labor in ensuring the social sustainability from the position of the concept of social solidarity of E. Durkheim is revealed. The mechanism of ensuring the sustainability of civilizations in the theory of historical evolution A. Toynbee is described. The prevailing role of sociocultural metaevolution in increasing of adaptive sustainability of society is noted. The paper analyzes the principles of the antifragile strategy proposed by N.N. Taleb to increase sustainability in conditions of nonlinearity and uncertainty.The applicability of synergetic methodology to the study of the problem of social sustainability is substantiated. The role of personality in the formation of a sustainable social system in the synergetic concept of S.P. Kurdyumov and E.N. Knyazeva is established. Discussion. The problem of the balance between chaos and order in sustainable society, as well as the mechanisms of self-organization of the social system in the studies of the Russian school of synergetics is considered. Conclusion. From the standpoint of evolutionism and synergetics, the sustainability of society is a property of purposeful increase in the efficiency of social processes as it moves towards the at-tractor of social justice along the optimal trajectory with minimal controlling influence.

The paper studies how different collaboration types affect group productivity. The study provides an experimental investigation of the effects the combinations of collaboration types (by L. Umansky, i.e. individual, consequent and interactive) and leadership styles (by K. Lewin, i.e. autocratic and democratic) upon the group productivity. The experiment described simulates groupwork under different collaboration types and leadership styles. The six experimental stages allowed to register several objective and subjective productivity indicators. The analysis revealed the regularities between different combinations of the collaboration types and the leadership styles on one hand, and the productivity indicators on the other.

The research is devoted to the mathematical description possibility of the personality development dynamics within the factor models framework. The dynamic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation is used, which describes a stochastic stationary process tending to an equilibrium state. This equation has already been used by psychologists to describe the dynamics of development within the framework of personality “Big Five” model. In this paper, this approach is used for qualitative interpretation and visual demonstration of the integration and differentiation principles in personality development based on the transformation of R. Cattell’s factor model. A simple analytical solution of the equation for averaged psychological indicators is compared with the results of the author’s longitudinal study of the dynamics of changes in the personal traits interrelations for schoolchildren in the transition period between primary school and adolescence. When comparing theoretical and experimental results, it is shown that the model makes it possible to assess the patterns of mental development in a transitional (crisis) period, to interpret the mechanism of development, the manifestation of heterochrony and the integro-differentiation principle.

With development of the Internet the world has become bigger and now people who are living in different parts of the world have the means to communicate with each other in their pockets, there are all sorts of social media websites with all kinds of bloggers, streamers and the like who amass multicultural audience; big companies and small businesses develop connections more rapidly; individuals in general have more opinions and points of view to consider, and because of that the ability to think critically is now more important than ever before in human history. That is why modern higher education institutions tend to teach their students critical reading which helps them develop many adjacent skills such as researching information, communicating with, understanding and tolerating people of different background. This means that future critically thinking professionals need to be able to consider problems from different angles and find solutions to them suitable for everyone. Moreover, a critically thinking person should have an ability to understand the meaning of the text and its subtext implied by the author, to take different viewpoints into consideration, analyze them wisely and disregard the negative background of communication. Purpose. The paper aims at considering the ways of developing critical reading skills through reading foreign periodicals. The authors offer a set of teaching techniques for critical reading skill formation. The key point here is that the work with the text presupposes several successive steps. Results. The consequence of using these teaching techniques will be the students’ ability to formulate goals and objectives, to set hypotheses, to assess their own and others’ judgments and put forward a compromise solution. In the future, reading any publication, they will be able to assess the opinion of the author, to see the degree of the author’s influence on the reader’s views, but, simultaneously, adequately receive the information transferred by the text itself. Practical implication. Therefore, the skill of critical reading opens up new opportunities for effective participation in foreign language communication, thanks to which mutual understanding between different nationalities becomes a reality.

Tourism plays a significant role in the GDP, job creation, and employment in many countries. According to the statistics of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) and Oxford Economics, there was a rapid recovery in the tourism sector in 2022, with its contribution to the global GDP increasing by 22% on an annual basis, reaching $7.7 trillion US dollars. There is a direct link between the trends in the development of the tourism industry and overall economic, technical, and social achievements. In recent years, the structure of tourist flows to the Russian Federation has changed significantly due to geopolitical and socio-economic factors. The aim of this research is to analyze the development of tourism in the post-pandemic period, taking into account the impact of international sanctions against Russia and restrictions on the travel of Russian citizens abroad. The objects of the study were tourist flows, their structure and dynamics, as well as a quantitative assessment of the entities and actors associated with tourism activities. This work is based on the authors’ own research and data provided by state statistics. Statistical methods and methods of general scientific research, including observation, data collection, and comparison of two or more objects to identify common and distinctive features, were used for analysis. Results. The paper presents economic indicators of the hospitality industry’s development, analyzes statistical indicators of the hospitality market for the years 2018-2022 and their structure. Problems and current trends in the development of the tourism and hotel markets in the Russian Federation are identified. Application of results. The results can be applied in the scientific and practical activities of regional authorities in addressing issues related to the development of international and domestic tourism.

Relevance. In recent years, in the field of counterfeiting, organized groups have been using the possibilities of digital technologies, which contributes to changing the structure of crime in this category, associated with erasing the criminal relationship and personal interaction of accomplices. In the digital age, as at any historical stage, legal means fulfill the most important task of social regulation – the protection of the monetary sphere from criminal encroachments. In the context of the development of new technologies, legal means are doubling their importance in the system of countering organized counterfeiting. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal foundations of state policy in the field of countering organized counterfeiting in the digital age. To achieve this goal, dialectical and historical methods, sociological methods, and the method of expert assessments were used in the framework of the study. Conclusion. The study of organizational and criminological aspects of organized counterfeiting in the digital age has shown that a significant part of the acts of this category is committed in a virtual environment. Block-network transnational organized crime in the field of counterfeiting is spreading in the digital space. Digital systems and computer programs have become a tool and a means of making counterfeit money and counterfeit securities. In the digital world, non-cash money has become the subject of organized counterfeiting. Significant changes in the structure of organized counterfeiting dictate certain requirements for its prevention system. The paper proposes some organizational and criminological measures to counter organized digital counterfeiting.

This work is devoted to solving the problem of signature recognition using neural networks. The authors proposed the use of convolutional neural networks to determine the signature class. Signatures play an important role in financial, commercial and legal transactions, their recognition guarantees the security of not only information, but the whole person. The use of neural networks for signature recognition allows you to reliably identify a user in an automated mode. The authors have developed a convolutional neural network, and also proposed an algorithm that consists of image preprocessing, including background segmentation, noise reduction, and image normalization. Image preprocessing improves the quality of the network. Next, feature extraction is performed, which consists of global features, such as the ratio of the height to width of the signature, the maximum horizontal histogram and the maximum vertical histogram, the horizontal center and the vertical center of the signature, the endpoints of the signature, the signature area, training a neural network with extracted features, recognition the owner of the handwritten signature and then predicting the class of the signature. Purpose – development of a handwritten signature recognition algorithm using neural networks. Methodology: the methods of computer vision were used in the work; deep learning methods, as well as object-oriented programming methods. Results: developed a handwritten signature recognition algorithm using a neural network. Practical implications: the application of the results obtained is useful in forensic analysis of documents, since a person uses a signature on a regular basis to sign checks, legal documents, contracts and other paper media that need protection. Therefore, when someone tries to copy a signature, a problem arises that can lead to undesirable consequences in the form of theft and further use of both personal data and other valuable secret information.

Introduction. The paper provides a description of the scenario approach to risk control in the operation of complex technical systems under conditions of uncertainty. The scenario is understood as the optimal control action on the system parameters, which allows minimizing the possible costs associated with the implementation of the corresponding risk event. The aim of the study is to develop effective risk management methods for the operation of a complex dynamic system under conditions of uncertainty based on a scenario approach that makes it possible to implement the optimal control action on the parameters of an object in the event of a threat of an emergency. Materials and methods. The article describes the application of the scenario method to the management of risks that arise during the operation of a complex dynamic system under conditions of interval uncertainty. This approach is based on the application of methods of interval analysis and the theory of situational management. The scientific novelty of the implemented approach lies in the use of the interval analysis apparatus, which makes it possible to most correctly take into account the possible errors associated with measuring the values of the system parameters and apply the optimal control actions necessary for correction in the event that the permissible indicators go beyond the operability area. Discussion and conclusion. The mathematical model of risk control developed in the course of the study carried out during the process of functioning of a complex technical system under conditions of interval uncertainty based on the scenario approach allows the selection of optimal control actions (scenarios) that allow minimizing possible errors and inaccuracies that arise due to deviation from the calculated nominal values.

The main task of networks is to transport information from the sending computer to the receiving computer. In most cases, you need to make several transfers to do this. The problem of choosing a path is solved by routing algorithms. The routing algorithm must have well-defined properties: reliability, correctness, stability, simplicity and optimality. The latter property is not as transparent as it may seem at first glance, it all depends on which or which parameters are optimized. This task is sometimes not at all easy even for relatively simple local networks. Optimization parameters may include minimum delivery delay, maximum throughput, minimum price, maximum reliability, or minimum error probability. In this paper, reactive, proactive and hybrid routing protocols are considered. When making their choice, we relied on the method of hierarchy analysis. Based on the results obtained during the simulation of a network with video conference traffic, a matrix was constructed for each of the criteria studied. The protocols were compared in terms of the possibility of information loss. The results of the research can be useful in the course of building modern computer networks.

The existential and socio-psychological threats to human bodily and emotional existence are observed in the urbanized environment, and the origins of the modern urban crisis are discovered. The author attempts to assess the danger and consequences of urbanization for modern human society. The paper formulates a typology of urban activism in the context of socio-philosophical discourse. The aim of the research is philosophical comprehension of human existence in an urbanized environment. In accordance with the purpose, the tasks are outlined: to characterize the “city man”; to identify the contradictory consequences of urbanization for a modern Human; to determine the influence of urbanization atpeople’s lifestyle; to analyze the typology of the activities of city residents which(the activities) transform the urban environment in the context of modern urbanism. Object: urbanism as a socio-philosophical phenomenon, subject: the existential dimension of Human in an urban environment. Methodology. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods were used: analysis and synthesis, analogies, classifications, as well as philosophical methods of cognition (dialectical and hermeneutic). The method of generalization of philosophical and sociological issueswas applied and in particular by using interdisciplinary approach. The means of visual anthropology (cinematography, photography) are engaged in the study to analyze the documentary series “Homo Urbanus” whichis of special scientific value as a source of important social knowledge. The originality of the study: the existential crisis was studied in the focus of urban anthropology, a classification of types of urban activism was proposed. Practical application. The results of the study can be applied in the future interdisciplinary research, as well as in the urban anthropology studies, in the research of the mutual influence of the city and man, as well as of separate topics of educational courses (“Urban Studies”, “Philosophy”, “Sociology”, “Anthropology”, “Aesthetics of Architecture and Design”, etc.).

Purpose. The paper is given to the topic of probabilistic characteristics of the discourse units, being relevant in the course of present-day tendencies towards digitalization of the discourse. The subject for analysis is represented by prosodic characteristics of read-aloud speech imitating face-to-face dialogue. The author aims at representing the conventional intonation norm as a fuzzy set of phonologized intonation contours (ICs). The paper states the factors that determine the specific character of ICs and suggests defining these factors in terms of fuzzy logic. Methodology. The methodology of the research is based on the interdisciplinary cognitive-discursive approach to studying verbal interaction in discourse, which requires taking into consideration cognitive and discourse factors. The methodology of the presented research also includes regulations stated by the experimental discourse analysis and specified for the purposes of experimental prosodic research. Results. Computer analysis helps to describe specific features of prosodic organization of the utterance and identify factors that determine this specificity. Identifying determining factors allows to define them as fuzzifiers and defuzzifiers, which help to transmit the meaning of the utterance. Practical application. The results of the research can be used in creating online/web applications with voice activation/interaction. The results can also be used L2 teaching to advanced students.

The work is devoted to the development of spatial databases for the assessment of agricultural land. The geodatabase is aimed at geoinformation support of assessment, agroecological typing (groups, types of land) of agricultural lands, development of adaptive-landscape farming systems. The paper presents the structure of the database of regional and local levels. Three different ways of user interaction with the AgroGIS database are proposed. For practical implementation, it is proposed to use the object-functional approach to database development, based on the use of cloud data storage technology in the DBMS SQlite. Background. Geoinformation support of agronomic geoinformation systems (AgroGIS) is aimed at assessing natural-territorial conditions and environmental factors in agrolandscapes, development of adaptive landscape farming systems. AgroGIS geodatabases serve to store, analyze and present spatial information on agricultural land. As shown by an analysis of literary sources, the term “geodatabase” was formed more than twenty years ago. At the same time different geodatabases are known: archaeological, cartographic, soil and others. They differ in the object of research, structure and content, as well as the way of data organization. This indicates the relevance of the topics of the present research. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to develop the structure and content of the geodatabase agronomic GIS. Materials and methods. The object-functional approach to database development, which is supported by object-oriented database management systems (DBMS) and classical relational DBMS, is used. The essence of this approach is to implement functional tasks taking into account the needs of the user. Results. The main components of geodatabase in the form of separate sets of spatial classes (Climate, Relief, Soil, Vegetation, Hydrography, Agrolandscape) are proposed. At the same time the paper shows the need for practical implementation of agronomic geoinformation geodatabases from several aspects. Conclusion. In the development of spatial databases of agronomic GIS the most important feature is the ability to constantly update information in the form of temporal component. Practical implementation of temporal geodatabases is possible with the use of non-relational database management systems, as well as methods of processing big data (Big Data).

Цель: обосновывать необходимость реализации проектно-исследовательской работы студентов в области противодействия идеологии экстремизма и терроризма.Метод проведения работы: теоретический анализ.Результаты: Представлено описание ежегодного Открытого конкурса студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых и специалистов «Наука и образование против терроризма, экстремизма и ксенофобии», проводимого в Москве, Саранске, Шуе, Пензе, а также отмечены практические результаты представленных конкурсных работ.Область применения результатов: система профессионального образования.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2013-9-13

Background. Over the past thirty years, the concept of “discourse” has been closely integrated into many scientific disciplines, and therefore its determination is complicated. Researchers cannot come to a common opinion regarding this linguistic category. An overview of discourse in a diachronic perspective allows us to explore diverse approaches to its study and identify the most relevant definition of this linguistic term. Purpose. In this paper, an attempt is made to interpret the term discourse by examining it in a diachronic aspect. Materials and methods. The research is based on general scientific methods (generalization, analysis) and a descriptive method. Results. As a result of the analysis of the theoretical material, the authors summarize that there is no generally accepted interpretation of this linguistic category in the linguistic literature. The researchers agree and disagree in some ways, which is reflected in the inconsistency of their opinions. However, the review of scientific papers offered in this study makes it possible to get a summary view of linguists on this issue. Summarizing the data gained, the authors give their interpretation of the concept of “discourse”. Moreover, the authors come to the conclusion that a wide range of scientific applications of the term and the vector of scientific integration that is gaining popularity makes a significant contribution to the development of discourse theory as an interdisciplinary field of research. Practical implications. The results of this study can be applied by researchers of scientific discourse, as well as in the preparation of textbooks on academic writing, the style of scientific text.

The paper compares approaches to self-organization. The term can refer to various subjects and objects of research. Theoretical approaches contain the following elements: adaptability, self-regulation and openness of the system, consistency of actions, relevant competencies to tasks, self-development and self-training of personnel, dynamic equilibrium or its absence. Self-organization occurs when the subject of management delegates to the management object. Consequently, any decisions initiated by an object with a leadership is self-organization. The management object migrates to the domain of the management subject based on self-organization. It leads to self-development and restructuring of the management system based on motivational factors such as doing tasks, responsibility (according to McGregor’s Theory Y of motivation) and effectiveness based on the use of delegation and employee initiatives. Scrum-masters, research and teaching staff, graduate students in the field of management and readers interested in management intend the article for reading. Purpose: comparing to self-organization theoretical approaches and creating self-development model and a management system based on the self-organization principle. Methodology: the paper analyzes the research papers of foreign and Russian authors. The author applies deductive, synthesis, decomposition and graphical methods in research. Results: the author created self-development model and the management system based on the self-organization principle. Practical implications: the results obtained are applicable for the management system making focused on the agile organizations.

Modern electronic devices are characterized by complex circuit design solutions, which requires performing their design using high-performance circuit design computer-aided design systems. The development of such computer-aided design systems is associated with significant expenditure of time and labor resources and should be based on new approaches to the construction of mathematical and software, taking into account the specific features of the subject area and the nature of the tasks to be solved. In this paper, the problems associated with the modeling of maintenance of electrical complex are considered. A methodology for predicting components based on a single attribute within an experiment is demonstrated. The criterion in terms of risk assessment for the consumer is considered. The results of modeling the main parameters characterizing the quality of electrolytic capacitors are presented. After the tests are completed, the value of the predicted parameter is determined for each realization. The optimum value of leakage current, providing the minimum probability of error, for tantalum electrolytic capacitors with nominal capacity is shown. The results of the research can be useful for specialists working on electrical engineering complexes.

The high ecological footprint of Arctic companies, primarily from the extraction of resources, coupled with the particular exposure of the circumpolar world to the risks of climate change determines the need for a special environmental policy in the Arctic that takes into account both national and regional challenges. The paper shows the differentiation of the Arctic strategies and environmental policies of various states. Based on the statistical analysis of indicators and content analysis of non-financial reports of the largest companies in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the priorities of the corporate policy in the field of sustainable development were established, and they were compared with Russian companies in general. The increase in the degree of consideration of the climate agenda by companies in the circumpolar world and insufficient actions in other areas of greening were shown. Recommendations to ensure the complex environmental safety of the circumpolar world were formulated. Purpose: to determine the degree to which the climate agenda is taken into account by circumpolar world companies as part of their environmental policy (using the example of business entities operating in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation). Methodology and method: the study is based on the methodology of neo-positivism, applied statistics and content analysis were used. Results: the increasing degree of consideration of the climate agenda by the circumpolar world companies as well as the insufficiency of their actions in other areas of greening were shown. The scope of the results: the recommendations made are of interest to state and municipal authorities to improve the effectiveness of policy in the field of sustainable development of the Arctic territories.

Background. The glasnost policy pursued in the USSR in the second half of the 1980s made it possible to weaken censorship restrictions. At party conferences, in newspapers, television programs, previously forbidden topics began to be raised. One of them is the spread of bureaucracy in the organs of power in the Soviet Union. The fight against this phenomenon in the Soviet Union during the years of perestroika was practically not considered as a phenomenon in post-Soviet historiography within the Kirov region. The paper analyzes the articles of the newspaper “Kirovskaya Pravda”, condemning bureaucracy. The headings that highlighted the negative impact of red tape on society were studied. Purpose. Consider and analyze the articles of the newspaper “Kirovskaya Pravda” of the perestroika period, which denounce bureaucracy. Materials and methods. The basis for the study was the archival materials of the Central State Archive of the Kirov Region and the issue of the newspaper “Kirovskaya Pravda” – the organ of the Kirov Regional Committee of the CPSU and the Regional Council of People’s Deputies in the period under review. When analyzing sources, the method of content analysis was used. Results. The appearance in the newspaper “Kirovskaya Pravda” of columns devoted to exposing bureaucracy in the Kirov region was associated with the political trend set by M. S. Gorbachev in 1986. Most of the articles published in the periodical within the framework of sections “Bureaucratism - out of the way” and “Addresses of red tape”, were associated with complaints from tenants of apartment buildings about the work of housing and communal services enterprises. The reason for the irregular publication of articles was a change in the interest of the country’s leadership in this topic. The results of the content analysis allow us to conclude that both headings that denounced formalism contained similar stories of residents of the Kirov region who faced bureaucracy. The problems associated with the sphere of housing and communal services were the basis for articles related to red tape. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used to study the phenomenon of “bureaucracy” during the years of perestroika.

Purpose. The article addresses the topical problem of gender – specific perceptions of happiness. The paper aims to study gender differences in the notion of happiness across age groups. Materials and Methods. The study involved the use of a questionnaire to assess the significance of the characteristics of the concept of “happiness” with the help of a modified Likert scale. The scale included the characteristics of the concept of “happiness” that relate to the following levels: physiological, socio-psychological, personality-psychological, and spiritual (transcendental). The empirical base of the study consisted of 300 participants: 143 men and 157 women. The sampling was broken into these age groups: 18-24, 25-34, and 35-44. Results. The description of the concept of “happiness” in a gender and age-specific dimension is provided. Gender differences and similarities in the semantic meaning of the phenomenon of happiness typical of the respondents across age groups are traced. The findings show that at different ages both men and woman tend to change major sources of happiness. In women’s groups, regardless of age, one can observe semantic similarities between happiness and family relationships, family well-being: in fact, the older the person, the more meaningful this factor is. Unlike women, men associate happiness with attributes of success: social recognition and career. For men, happiness is tied up with self-realization and the search for individual meanings. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in psychological counselling, psychotherapy, trainings in addressing family relationship issues, personal difficulties linked to low life satisfaction.

Purpose. The given article is devoted to the issue of social responsibilities in the educational context. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of social responsibilities as one of the main professional competencies and its reflection in educational results of higher education. Methodology. The methods of descriptive and evaluative analysis and synthesis are applied. This work covers the latest research results, normative documents, cur-rent trends in the labor market, as well as issues of psychological adaptability and social responsibility of those to secure the future of the economy. The authors prove that social responsibility is crucial in the 21st century. Results. The necessary conditions for the sustainable development of modern socie-ty are economic stability and continuous professional growth of the participants of social interactions. Higher education aims to develop students’ hard skills and their soft skills, which are currently referred to as life competencies. The paper reveals the conditions that need to be created within the framework of the educational pro-cess for the graduates to meet the requirements of the labor market. The work de-scribes the tendencies and the potentials of the higher educational system to provide its graduates with appropriate career trajectories. The ongoing transformation of the Russian educational system carried out according to current requirements of the society, contributes to the relevance of this study. The results of the research can be applied in teaching process at higher educational establishments.

Purpose. To summarize and systematize the literature data on the pathogenetic aspects of the influence of seasonality on the health status of patients with chronic pathology of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. To analyze the literature, materials from the PubMed and PubMed Central resources of the US National Library of Medicine, Google Scholar, Elsevier Clinical Key and Elsevier Science Direct, as well as in the Russian RSCI database were used. The sample consisted of scientific papers devoted to the pathogenetic aspects of the influence of various meteorological factors on the course of cardiovascular pathology. Results. The generalized results of clinical and experimental studies presented in this review indicate both direct and indirect effects on the state of the cardiovascular system of seasonal changes in air temperature, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation, air humidity and geomagnetic indicators. Conclusion. Meteorological factors have a pronounced effect on the course of cardiovascular diseases both through direct mechanisms of influence, and through the inclusion in the pathogenesis of these diseases and the aggravation of existing risk factors. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the influence of weather factors on the state of the cardiovascular system are important for understanding the application points that can be influenced and improved by primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular pathology.

This paper focuses on the application of machine learning algorithms to predict cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Every year a large number of deaths are registered all over the world. According to the World Health Organisation, CVDs are the leading cause of high mortality in the world. One of the necessary preventive measures to reduce mortality from CVDs is the timely prediction of diseases in people at high risk of such diseases. Specially developed scales and machine learning algorithms are now being used for the timely prediction of CVDs. Background. To predict heart disease, algorithms are often used: naive Bayesian classifier (Gaussian Naïve Bayes Classificator, GNBC), k-nearest neighbours (K-Nearest Neghboors, KNN), decision tree (Decision Tree, DT). In domestic literature, there are known works devoted to the application of SWD prediction using Adam gradient algorithm in deep neural network training. One of the necessary conditions for increasing the predictive ability of a machine learning model (MLM) is the optimal selection of hyperparameters. The choice of the optimal hyperparameters is often made on the basis of empirical experience. Purpose. To explore the specific application of machine algorithms to the prediction of heart disease. Materials and methods. Scientific novelty of the work. In this research we analyse machine learning algorithms for predicting the risk of CVDs using the approach of automatic search for hyperparameters MMO. The following algorithms were used to construct MMOs: NBS, KNN, DT, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Foorest (RF), Complement Naïve Bayes Classificator (CNBC), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Radial Basic Function (RBF), Gradient Boost (XGBoost). To evaluate the accuracy of machine learning models we used the following indicators: mean absolute error (MAE), precision, completeness (recall), F-measure (F-beta), False Positive Rate (FPR), False Negative Rate (FNR). Additionally, visual analysis of ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic) and areas under the curve (areas under the curve, AUC) were used to analyse the results of MMO. Using AUC value allows to estimate prognostic ability of MLM. Results. The training results showed that RF and XGBoost algorithms are characterized by higher accuracy. With optimal selection of MMO parameters, the overall classification accuracy was 0.88 and 0.94 respectively. Conclusion. The application of machine learning algorithms allows predictive models to be built with high accuracy. This requires the construction of a machine learning model. The ensemble machine learning algorithms RF and XGBoost have higher accuracy rates than the following algorithms: decision trees, Bayesian classification methods, logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis.

Due to the sharp changes in climatic conditions in Western Siberia, the most pressing problem is food security associated with forecasting crop yields. There is a need to estimate the natural wetness of the area on the basis of agroclimatic indicators, among which the sum of active air temperatures and precipitation is currently the most widely used. Background. However, for a comprehensive assessment of the wetness of the territory, it is necessary to take into account the climate energy resources associated with evaporation of different time resolutions (day, decades, months, vegetation period, year). The initial meteorological parameters are described in the form of poorly structured information of a large volume. Therefore, various technologies and algorithms of machine processing are used in the work. Purpose. The application of big data technologies to assess the natural moisture of the territory Materials and methods. With the help of the high-level Python programming language and engineering libraries, a comprehensive assessment of the territory was carried out using the example of Mirny of the Kochenevsky District of the Novosibirsk Region in the context of long-term average data and two years 2019 and 2020. That the use of machine processing technologies related to NoSQL data requests, creation of data set and big data slices allows to store and process meteorological parameters using cloud services of different time resolution. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for a comprehensive assessment of the territory according to agroclimatic parameters. As a result of the work, precipitation distribution, temperature, relative air humidity, evaporability, humidification coefficients (Ivanov-Vysotsky and Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient) were obtained. Results. The paper proposes to use technologies of big data processing using Python, including pre-processing of poorly structured hydrometeorological data, execution of NoSQL queries, compilation of summary reports on agroclimatic parameters. Pre-processing consists of processing hourly meteorological data, filling gaps in the data, making slices in big data to process multi-temporal queries (day, month, growing season, year). By the example of Mirny farm in Kochenevsky district of Novosibirsk region (Russian Federation), big data processing was performed to calculate agroclimatic parameters to assess the natural moisture content of the area and yield forecasting. Conclusion. The practical significance of the work is as follows: - the application of big data processing technologies has significantly reduced the time for the labor-intensive process of assessing agrometeorological parameters; - obtained aggregated meteorological parameters of different temporal resolution (hours, days, decades, months) allowed us to identify a strong variability of agroclimatic conditions for the territory of Mirny farm Kochenevsky district, located in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia; - perform an integral assessment of agroclimatic conditions by calculating the integral indices of moisture, climate continentality, and agroclimatic potential.

The negative trends emerging in the economy of mining enterprises predetermine the need to use a risk-based production management model, forcing owners to seek and implement additional control procedures. Through intra-company mine surveying relations, control is exercised over other subsoil user divisions and contractors. Such internal mine surveying control is an element of the compliance control system. The author analyzed the local regulations of coal mining enterprises. The paper studies the stages of mine surveying control procedures. On-farm mine surveying procedures make it possible to identify violations and direct the efforts of related structural units to eliminate them. It is recommended to create local regulations with the mechanism of mine surveying compliance. The concept of mine surveying compliance is formulated as mine surveying support for subsoil use, carried out on the basis of intra-economic relations, in order to prevent violations of existing norms and rules, to ensure private interest in the assessment of production activities.

After World War II, the socialist camp opposed capitalism, and socialist realism became the official art school and style of socialist countries in the Soviet Union. This article analyzes how the realistic music style of the 19th century Soviet Union was inherited and developed in the 20th century, thus forming a music style that can be called “socialist realism”. This style had a profound impact on the development of Chinese piano music in the 20th century, including the creation of the Yellow River Piano Concerto by six Chinese composers, including Yin Chengzong, which is one of the typical music works of socialist realism style and the product of a specific historical period. It uses a revolutionary musical language, filled with inner passion and motivation. The paper applies the historical-structural approach, as well as the method of analysis of musical works and structural analysis of musicological literature published in Chinese and Russian on the subject of research. This article aims to reveal the significant impact of Russian and Soviet music styles on the development of Chinese piano art. The author concludes that due to the “socialist realism” style, the Yellow River piano works have a strong appeal and revolutionary nature, inspiring people to participate in national struggles and becoming a model of piano music at that time.

А comprehensive analysis of the system of measures to stimulate and support the agro-industrial complex was carried out by the author; it was emphasized that such measures should be based (and are already rely to a large extent) on the principles of modern approaches to managing core industries. One of these fundamental principles is the use of the principles of the ESG agenda - green taxonomy strategies and methods. There are the principles and tools of green taxonomy in agriculture considered in detail in this paper, its current directions are presented, including on the basis of a systematic and comprehensive study of vectors of state support, resource conservation of such key components of the environment as air, water and soil. This study is important in understanding the growing global interest in reorienting public support for agriculture to transform agricultural and food systems into health-enhancing activities, Economy and planet, ensuring food safety, compliance with ESG principles. The article states that only an enabling environment with the necessary commitment to consistency of public administration in this area, a new legal framework, additional financial resources and local support structures will support the green transformation of the of the country’s agro-industrial system, which has already begun. Background. The agro-industrial complex of the Russian economy has traditionally been at the center of the political and economic agenda in our country for many years. Power and legislative institutions of various levels, including, first of all, the President and the Government of the Russian Federation, as well as the authorities of the subjects of the Federation, pay increased attention to the regulation and support of this sphere. And this is no coincidence because of the stable development issue of the agro-industrial complex is directly related to aspects of national food security – is a key factor in the functioning of the entire macroeconomic complex of the country, the well-being and stability of the population’s life. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to identify and analyze the effectiveness of a set of measures taken at the state level to stimulate and develop the “green agenda” of the Russian agro-industrial complex. Materials and methods. The legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, analytical reviews of leading Russian and international communities, Rosstat data, expert opinions of specialists in specific specialized areas, data from periodicals, works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of agriculture were used during the preparation and writing the article. Analytical and empirical approaches to solving the tasks were used, abstract-logical methods of structuring information, systematic and complex analysis of existing information arrays of data, as well as general scientific logical approaches and methods of study were involved in the course of the research. Results. The present study revealed the current prerequisites and proved the existing potential in terms of development priorities tin order achieve the goals of sustainable development by agricultural entities, especially with the full involvement of various levels of governance and sectors of the economy.

Background. Currently, it is quite relevant in breeding to create varieties with high yields of raw materials and the content of biologically active compounds. This work aim is to identify promising forms of P. caeruleum L. is for further inclusion in the breeding process based on biomorphological, anatomical, cytogenetic studies and the bioproductivity of colchicine-induced and wild-growing forms in comparison with the Lazur variety. Materials and methods. To obtain polyploids in 2018, the seeds of the P. caeruleum L. the Lazur variety were germinated in Petri dishes on filter paper at room temperature. When the roots reached the length of the seed, they were placed in different concentrations of colchicine solution 0.05 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 % and 0.52 % for 12 and 24 hours, then washed in running water for three hours. Results. The article for the first time presents data on a comparative study of three forms of Polemonium caeruleum L. in terms of morphological characteristics, microscopy of the leaf epidermis and cytogenetic analysis. It was established that the raw materials productivity of the underground part of the plants tetraploid forms in the C1 generation significantly exceeded the diploid and wild forms of plants by 32 %, as well as the yield of seeds by 22 %. In the C2 generation, the yield of raw materials (rhizomes with roots) in tetraploid plants increases in relation to the control by 56 %, seeds by 34 %. Quantitative determination of the amount of triterpene saponins in terms of β-escin in the plant material of three forms of P. caeruleum L. showed an excess of this indicator in the colchicine form by 24 % in the grass and by 36 % in rhizomes with roots, in the wild-growing form - by 15 % in the aerial part and decrease in the underground part by 9 % in relation to the control. It was found that plants of colchicine and wild forms differ in the presence of larger stomata compared to the control. Based on the pattern of DAPI-bandin and the distribution of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA genes, a generalized species idiogram of blue cyanosis was constructed, taking into account polymorphic variants of DAPI-bandin patterns and indicating the location of the sites of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA genes. The cytogenetic stability of the resulting tetraploid form was revealed. Conclusion. The article presents comparative studies on morphological characteristics, bioproductivity, microscopy of the leaf epidermis and cytogenetic analysis of the tetraploid form (colchicine) of P. caeruleum L. in comparison with the variety Lazur (diploid form) and the wild form of P. caeruleum L. plants.

Future of higher education is closely connected with degree programs in distance mode as it guarantees security and convenience for overseas students. With Chinese-Russian relations becoming closer, more Chinese students are majoring in translation and interpreting studies at Russian universities while staying in China, so universities should provide well-organized online interpreting classes to build professional interpreting competences. Purpose. This paper aims to assess possibility of developing basic communication competence of future interpreters from China through all-digital synchronous interpreting course in Russian educational environment. Methodology. The research was carried out among Master’s degree Chinese students and their trainers at Lomonosov Moscow State University, overall number of participants was 58. The set of tools included role playing performance evaluation, open discussion, assessment scales, questionnaires and interviews. Results. The study showed that communication skills of future Chinese interpreters can be sufficiently developed in synchronous all-digital interpreting course if good educational environment is provided. The results of the cross-semester examination as well as the questionnaire data confirm that interpreting classes in distance synchronous mode at Moscow State University promote developing of communication competence of Chinese major degree students. For this purpose, pedagogical technologies of the course should include online interactive tasks, role play activities, small-size group rooms, chats via video platforms as well as use of various digital translation technologies. The results of the survey also showed that open online discussions with Russian students have a positive impact on the development of Chinese students’ communication skills. The study also reveals that synchronous distance learning is preferable for Chinese students in turbulent periods of world history (epidemics, wars) as it guarantees sustainability and continuality of educational process. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in optimizing the organization process in professional higher education both in Russia and abroad. Under certain circumstances synchronous distance training can be the only choice for international higher education programs.

In the structure of the discipline (module) “Forensic Medicine and forensic psychiatry” for students majoring in 40.05.02 – law enforcement, very little time is devoted to the history of forensic medicine, which at all stages of its development is closely connected with the history of law and the development of the world judicial and legal system. Forensic medicine originated, developed and took shape in the process of administrative and judicial practice involving competent persons in the investigation and consideration of criminal and civil cases to clarify issues requiring special medical knowledge. The purpose of the work is to show the origins and historical stages of the development of forensic medicine in accordance with the formation of the state legal system in the world and in our country. The paper presents the origins of forensic science, the main stages of its formation and shows the prospects for further development. Traditions and modern development of world forensic medicine are closely connected with the development of law and the world state-legal system. Knowledge of the stages of the formation of forensic medicine allows you to better understand the history of legal science, legal proceedings and public administration.

The paper examines judicial transformations as a subject of knowledge in modern post-non-classical science. The increased attention of researchers to the study of the dynamics of the existence of the judicial system, the features of its hierarchical structure and functioning is traditionally popular for theoretical and applied legal work. In modern times, the judicial system operates in the conditions of modernization of various spheres of public life, the growth of social threats and political contradictions, the instability of the financial and economic situation and the need to staff the positions of judges with qualified and experienced personnel. Solving the problems of improving judicial activity is possible by overcoming the negative impact of these factors, which will ensure the qualitative development of the domestic judiciary. The main scientific results of the work include the fact that it summarizes the ideas about judicial transformations in the judiciary and judicial sphere. The materials of the study and the main conclusions are addressed to persons conducting scientific research on the problems of the judiciary and legal proceedings.

Background. This article presents an analysis of the physical qualities of asphalt concrete pavement samples and their own resonant characteristics affecting the reliability and durability of the roadway. The relevance and practical significance of the issue considered in the article is determined by the fact that the analysis of the spectral resonance of asphalt concrete can answer the question of the cause of the cause of the destruction of the road and help to make a decision on the repair or replacement of the roadway. Materials and/or methods. Methods of experiment, system analysis, comparison were used. Asphalt concrete samples of road surfaces with various fillers, which are widely used for paving, were taken as the material. A resonant frequency receiver and a camera were used as the research equipment. Results. The paper presents an analysis of the physical properties of various asphalt concrete pavement compositions and their own resonant characteristics can be used for express diagnostics of the condition of the roadway in order to make a decision on its repair or replacement. Conclusion. The article defines the main elements of the asphalt mixture and evaluates the quality of the asphalt mixture at the manufacturing stage and determines the main physical indicators.

Background. The problem of this work is to optimize the currently used methods for calculating the available bandwidth based on analytical calculations by building a simulation model in the AnyLogic software package. Most scientists are working on the issues of laying the traffic schedule without taking into account the complex of issues related to predictive modeling and improving the accuracy of calculating the available capacity. Materials and/or methods: simulation modeling, economic and mathematical modeling, AnyLogic software package, methods of general systems theory, logistics. Results. In the course of the work, an abstract model of a railway line was developed and built that simulates the movement of trains according to the specified traffic parameters. The results of the study can be used in the dispatching centers of transportation management of JSC “Russian Railways” in order to optimize the analysis of the subject of the completed work of the railway landfill of the road. Conclusion. The paper considers and proposes a method for calculating the available capacity on a railway line based on existing analytical formulas and the use of simulation modeling tools in order to adjust them and calculate the value of the simulation modeling coefficient proposed in the work.

Background. The paper is devoted to the study of trends in the transformation of the transport services market under the influence of international sanctions. It is shown that the functioning of the Russian transport industry is significantly influenced by external factors - constraints that determine the reorientation of logistics chains. The experience of other countries whose economies operate under international sanctions has been studied. Materials and/or research methods. Materials from open Internet sources, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics, process approach were used. Results. The main directions and results of the transformation of the market of transport services and, in particular, rail transportation are presented. The classification of international sanctions is considered. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it was found that the trends in the development of the transport services market that contribute to overcoming barriers to its path are: the development of the PL services market; collaboration of services; the departure of “gray” players; market consolidation (consolidation of carriers); reorientation of carriers to the domestic market and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region; development the North-South corridor (China and Kazakhstan as transit countries).

The modern stage of development of radio information systems is characterized by one general tendency. It consists in that object of their processing are various kinds of images, difficult enough on structure and with heterogeneous statistical properties. Television, diagnostic and security systems, observation systems for land and water surfaces, near space can serve as an example. The task of such systems is not only a passive function such as formation of images themselves, but first of all the understanding of images - detection on a complex statistically heterogeneous and multigradational in brightness background of the objects of interest, recognition and evaluation of their parameters. The image form is a concentrator of information contained in the image. It is interpreted as an analytically defined signal. This paper proposes a subsystem for the recognition of signals of complex shape, based on sensor networks. The illustration of the structural scheme of the subsystem is given. The technique of image recognition is shown. The results of the recognition are presented.

The reliability of the investigation and the conclusions of the examination depends on how accurate and correct the initial information – the facts, circumstances and parameters of the condition of vehicles, road conditions and the driver accepted for consideration – corresponds to the mechanism of the accident. The reasons for this kind of inconsistencies in the information of the real situation may be different: the ambiguity of the verbal description of the environment and the condition of the pavement, the variance of the values of parameters and coefficients relative to their discrete reference value, the dependence of calculated values on numerous factors, measurement errors. In addition, the result depends on the completeness and accuracy of the formulas used, the accuracy of the definition of certain concepts, in particular, the concepts of the delay time of the brake actuation, the time of the deceleration rise, the vehicle’s use, etc. That is why in the works of many authors devoted to the examination of accidents, it has been repeatedly noted that the information used in the investigation carries elements of uncertainty, which inevitably affects the correctness and reliability of the conclusions of the investigation. Purpose – is to show the need to clarify the basic concepts and formulas used in production Methodology of the work: the methods of formalization and specification of formulas used in the investigation of the examination of an accident were used in the work Results: the examples given in the paper and the theoretical studies carried out show that a significant number of formulas used in automotive research require refinement and refinement. Practical implications: it is advisable to apply the results obtained when conducting automotive research – investigation and examination of road accidents.

Purpose. The work consider the main issue the processes of transformation in church culture. The church adaptation situation in modern Russia is taken as a subject. The authors see necessity on this basis to reveal the features of cultural situation of modern society. Methodology. The basis of the study is the phenomenological method, the axiological approach taken in the cultural-diachronic aspect. Results. The results of the work are that the process of restoring church organizational structures in the new conditions of the 90s is described. The article explicates the new situations that the Church has faced in modern Russia in recent decades. This is an explosive uncontrolled transformation of the media space, challenges from other religious movements, and much more. Secular society in Russia is also currently in a situation of difficult relations between society and religion, which claims to form a general humanitarian basis for social morality for the whole society. At the same time, there is a need for such foundation, traditional religious associations have the necessary competencies to form such basis. The paper explicates the need of a cultural dialogue in this situation. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the sphere of cultural studies.

The paper analyzes modern pedagogical approaches to foreign language teaching via Moodle learning platform. The approaches studied ensure the effectiveness of foreign language education in the context of new models and forms of pedagogical interaction in the system of higher education. The aim of the study is to examine the implementation and beta-testing of an eLearning course based on LMS Moodle. The course has been designed in compliance with modern didactic approaches to foreign language teaching in an online learning environment of the university. The approaches ensure the effectiveness of modern foreign language education in the context of new models and forms of pedagogical interaction. The authors analyze the didactic approaches used in foreign language teaching via LMS Moodle: personality-oriented, system and activity-based, facilitative, integrated and environmental approaches. Also, the study focuses on the characteristics of the structure and content of the eLearning course for “Foreign Language” discipline, designed on the Moodle platform of Sevastopol State University incorporating the didactic approaches under review. The students learning activities and the forms of pedagogical interaction within the course structure are examined in the article. The theoretical methods of research include conducting comprehensive analysis of scientific, methodological pedagogical literature sources as well as considering pedagogical experience, synthesis and concretization of the concepts. Results: the article also presents the experience of the design and beta-testing of an eLearning course “English” for students of the Bachelor’s degree program, which was created by the lecturers of Foreign Languages Department of the Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations of Sevastopol State University based on LMS Moodle according to the approaches considered. The characteristics of various course tools and elements reflecting the approaches are given in the paper. Practical implications: the research is useful for educators interested in methodological issues of designing “Foreign language” eLearning courses based on LMS Moodle.

Background. The assessed reproduction technologies (ART) often involve a range of controversial ethical and legal issues that are inspiring for research. Purpose. Comprehensive study on ways to use certain types of technologies. Materials. This paper provides with research of a legal framework of the ART based on the legislation of 13 Muslim countries: Oman, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Morocco, Jordan, the UAE, Malaysia, Iran, Lebanon, Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia and Turkey. Results. Due to a range of religious, ethical, legal and social reasons access to the ART was prohibited, but in recent decades mujtahids and fakihs have come to conclusion that for the sake of national prosperity and sustainable development of the ummah medically assisted reproduction may be permissible under certain conditions and must be regulated by laws and correspond to fatwas. The limits of usage of certain technologies have common tendency in gulf countries and the Northern Africa. Nevertheless, some other Muslim countries (e.g., Iran and Malaysia) address this issue in a more detailed and open-minded way. Conclusion. Although there’re legal mechanisms and tools for a broader interpretation and a wider interpretation despite critical opinion of theologies and restricted nature of so-called «gates of al-ijtihad», because they are based on established years ago institutes an, in fact, don’t contradict the foundations of Qur’an and Sunnah. However, features of Muslim law remain.

Background. At present, due to political, military-technical, socio-economic and organizational factors, the organization of medical support for military personnel (employees) and their families is an urgent task for scientists and practitioners. An important direction in the provision of social guarantees in the field of medical support is the conduct of a military medical examination of military personnel and members of their families to resolve issues of determining the category of fitness for military service, establishing a causal relationship, resolving issues of the possibility of living in certain areas and resolving other issues. Materials and research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the authors’ reliance on systematic, comparative legal and integrated approaches. To achieve the goal and solve the problems of the study, the authors used a set of modern methods for cognizing the phenomena of social and legal reality: systemic, interdisciplinary and complex analysis and synthesis of its results, conceptualization, abstraction, analogy, deductive and comparative legal methods and theoretical generalizations. Results and conclusions. The article discusses the content of the legal framework for the implementation of military medical expertise in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation. Characteristics of the constitutional norms and norms of federal legislation in the field of military medical expertise are given, characterizing the requirements of regulatory legal acts that regulate these legal relations are considered. Individual legal and technical inaccuracies are pointed out, which can be improved by bringing departmental documents in line with acts of a higher power. The results of the study can be used when writing scientific papers in the field of medical and military law, as well as in the pedagogical process in the implementation of educational programs in the organization of healthcare and in the field of jurisprudence.

The problem of oncological diseases has acquired a social and medical character. In this regard, the rapid development of new drugs and methods, as well as modification of existing methods in order to increase their effectiveness, is currently required. The paper aims to develop and study two promising agents for photodynamic therapy. We discussed a new binary complex based on the widely used photosensitizer chlorin E6 with europium, which can solve one of the main disadvantages of drugs for photodynamic therapy: it can be used to treat deeper tumors and act more effectively by transferring luminescence energy between europium and chlorin E6. Our other agent was copper-containing chlorophyllin. Chlorophyllin is a natural component, which is always promising in the development of new drugs. The optical and fluorescent parameters of the agents were determined using physicochemical methods; their ability to generate reactive oxygen species in the presence of two fluorescent probes was studied: 2ʹ, 7ʹ-dichlorodihydrofluorescein and dihydrofluorescein. Thus, we showed the effectiveness of chlorophyllin in comparison with chlorin E6 by 1.92 times at 50 μg / ml E6 and showed the effectiveness of the binary complex even at the minimum concentration of 10 μg / ml. Further research in cell cultures will develop the ways of the possible use of new substances as photosensitizers.

The paper considers the problem solution of classifying the type of physical activity of a person according to visual data. The authors propose using of deep neural networks to determine the type of activity. The recognizing human activity from video data or a single image systems are currently actively used in various areas of human activity. As the example we can take the system for monitoring the effectiveness of enterprise employees. So solving the problem of recognizing human actions from visual data is an actual task. The authors developed an algorithm for determining the physical activity type by visual data based on the DenseNet121 and MobileNetV2 models. Then the deep neural network model was built and hyperparameters were selected, because pre-trained networks did not provide the required accuracy of detecting the type of physical activity. The software implementation of the model is made in the IDLE environment in the Python programming language. Experimental studies performed on a specialized UCF50 dataset containing 50 different types of human actions confirm the effectiveness of using the proposed approach to solve the problem. Additionally, the representativeness of the test data set was increased with the help of video sequences obtained from YouTube. Purpose – development of an algorithm for determining a person’s physical activity based on visual data. Methodology: in the work the methods of computer vision, deep learning methods and object-oriented programming methods were used. Results: an algorithm for tracking a person’s physical activity based on visual data using deep learning technologies has been developed. Practical implications: the obtained results can be used in human activity monitoring systems, for example, in tracking criminal activity, in medical diagnostics, in tracking the activity of office employees, etc.

The task of a transportation system is to ensure the safe and efficient delivery of goods and transportation of passengers. Effective management of transport systems is aimed not only at ensuring the optimal passage of all processes within such systems. The main task in this case is to create conditions capable of ensuring the mobility of the population and the volume of cargo transportation which will meet the objectives of economic development. Thus, the degree of efficiency of the transport system can be determined on the basis of its ability to ensure a balance between economic requirements and social demands, which often contradict each other. Features of transport system management organization: spatial location of system elements on a large territory, the need to strictly observe technological functions affecting the safety of transportation, one-man management, dispatching and discipline in the organization of transport processes, close interaction and mutual dependence of all elements of the transport system. The paper considers the task of interaction between the control center and the objects in the transport system. The mechanisms of rating evaluations are applied. The illustration of the structural scheme, on the basis of which the mechanisms of rating management are implemented, is given. The results have demonstrated the efficiency of the approaches used. They can be used in evaluating the performance of a wide range of transportation systems.

The analysis shows that the real information flows are characterized by: arbitrary distribution function; the presence of both quantitative and qualitative indicators; the absence of part of the meaningful data fragments; unreliability of data associated with errors in registration and their entry; parametric redundancy. Not all of the existing tools included in most of the instrumental systems, make it possible to solve a number of these problems. The article deals with the problem related to information filtering. The illustration of an algorithm scheme, which allows to conduct information filtering, is presented. The stages used in the construction of the algorithm are specified in detail. The geometric approach is applied. It gives an opportunity to lead consideration of information messages in the form of “constellations” which are connected with the i-dimensional feature hyperspace. An algorithm that allows to implement gap filling is proposed. The results presented in the paper can be useful when considering different information flows in modern information systems.

Background. For many decades, the attention of researchers has been riveted to the phenomenon of discourse. Its subjects, key functions and concepts were considered. The grounds for discourse typology were identified. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that the communicative environment of German entertainment discourse is little researched, and the need for a more detailed analyzing of its constitutive features and strategies. Purpose of this study is to describe lexico-semantic and syntactic means, verbs of various types, used to implement the attention strategy in German entertainment discourse. Materials and methods. The material of this study was the “star” interviews texts posted on the websites of the German publications “Der Spiegel” and “Die Zeit”. The methods of continuous sampling and generalization, as well as the method of semantic analysis, were used in the work. Results. The entertainment attraction, their ability to diversify people’s lives, contributed to the modification, modernization and continuity of many traditions and customs. The paper deals with the types and genres of entertaining discourse, its subjects, and the originality of communicants’ conversation. It is emphasized that one of the most frequent strategies used by participants in the entertainment discourse is the attention strategy. This strategy is implemented through a set of specific constructions (“ich bin / war”; “ich habe / ich habe nicht”; “mein, meine” plus a character trait), verbs of various types (“mögen”, “lieben”; “können”), lexico-semantic and syntactic techniques. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in lectures on stylistics, pragmatics, imagology.

Background. The article considers and analyzes the main modern requirements for the professional training of these students at the level of FSES 3++ and needs of the labor market for the occupations corresponding to International Relations under the modern social conditions. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to model the process dealing with the translation competence formation of the bachelor students in International Relations. The scientific novelty of the study is to clarify the foreign language professional communicative competence (IPCC) components. Materials and methods. The main research methods used are the methods of scientific description (the study of specialized literature, its systematization and interpretation) and experimental methods of study (the identification of the competence formation model stages and its implementation). Results. The paper reveals the concept of translation competence and its components. The language training of the bachelor students in International Relations at the undergraduate stage without thorough translation competence formation and training in written translation skills is not very productive. The ways to solve the problem are seen in the highlighting of stages in the model of the translation competence formation of the students in International Relations. This implies the underlining of two levels: 1) basic level – teaching students to translate educational texts on the main educational programs; 2) professional level – a training course in the translation of professionally oriented texts as part of implementation of the additional education program “Translator in the field of professional communication”. Practical implications. The result of the study is to practice the translation competence formation model in the course of foreign language training for students in International Relations taking into account these two levels.

This paper examines the decorative space of the Egyptian tomb of the Old Kingdom as a system of architectural and pictorial components. The comparative historical method was used along with the methods of formal and systematic analyses of material from more than a hundred noble burials. The article states that the main purpose of the Egyptian tomb is to maintain the existence of the Double of its owner, for which the architectural and visual space was formed in a special way. It was identified that the large images of nobles are a complex combination of attribute signs necessary to establish the desired correlation with the adjacent labor scenes. These visual signs (various wigs, wands, staves, vestments, etc.) tend not only to convey the information about the corresponding plot, but also to replace and reproduce it. Thus, in a large image of a nobleman, the main material of the scene placed in front of him is accumulated; such images imply the presence of the corresponding plots nearby, and the Egyptian tomb can be studied from the standpoint of semiotics.

For the successful sale of goods and services in a modern digital society, there is a need to transfer marketing to the Internet environment. The main tools of marketing communications are advertising, PR, sales promotion and direct marketing, each of which is implemented in the online space in its own way. One of the most popular methods of online advertising today is contextual advertising, which in turn can be divided into search and advertising in networks. One of the main PR methods is social media marketing (SMM). work with the brand house in social networks, simplification of communication between the company and the consumer, content creation, involvement of the masses in the life of the company. Direct marketing is building direct marketing communication personally with each consumer, which is carried out through such tools as email newsletters, mailings on social networks and instant messengers, push notifications. Examples of sales promotion (sales promotion) are: a discount for a repost or a coupon for a product / service for a review on a website or any feedback platform. Conducting online events, competitions, distribution of prizes, etc., can also serve as a sales promotion technique. The paper also highlights the question of the degree of importance of the company’s own website, as well as an account on a social network for the development and promotion of business in the Internet space. Purpose. Analytical analysis of the four components of communication marketing, as well as solving the problem of choosing between traditional and modern methods of business promotion. Methodology of this article is the analysis of scientific literature in the field of business promotion, followed by a synthesis of the data obtained. Results: conclusions about the advantages of modern methods of promotion using Internet technologies. Practical implications: results obtained can be applied in the field of marketing of both small and medium-sized businesses to select the most effective model for promoting an enterprise.

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to analyze maintenance errors caused by linguistic factors and review the possibility of using Simplified Technical English as a way to minimize such errors. Rationale. The issue of correct development of English language manuals designed for a large number of users and the issue of their proper understanding by specialists with limited language command are specifically important nowadays with the growing fleet of foreign aircraft in Russia and with the expanding capabilities of exporting Russian-made aircraft to the global market. Study methodology. The paper is based on the analysis and consolidation of the provisions of international regulatory documents and available scientific publications. Findings. A significant number of errors was determined to be caused by inadequate understanding of the relevant instructions in English, and, therefore, to be preventable by simplifying their terminology and grammar. The historic study of this issue revealed several attempts to standardize the texts of aviation maintenance documents, the most successful of which was the creation of the Simplified Technical English specification (ASD-STE100).

Purpose. The paper is focused on the analysis of the Russian historical culture-specific words of the ruling period of Ivan IV Vasilyevich and Boris Godunov and their translation into French. During this period, Russia was transformed in both structural and socio-political ways (the formation of the Russian centralized state, the reforms of Izbranaya Rada (Chosen Council), replacement of the Code of law (Sudebnik) of 1497 by the Code of law (Sudebnik) of 1550, the strengthening of the army, the conquest of the Kazan and Astrakhan khanates, the beginning of the Russian conquest of Siberia etc.). Therefore, many new words were created to designate the changes of that time. Methodology. Methodological framework of this paper is based on the comparative analysis of historical culture-specific words in the French texts (“La Grande Histoire des Tsars”) by Russian immigrant Henri Troyat, which were translated back into Russian language as separate works “Ivan the Terrible” (translation by E. Sutotskaya) and “Boris Godunov” (translation by A.G. Doronin). Results. The analysis reveals how historical culture-specific words are translated from Russian into French and vice versa. Also, own examples of possible translation and their analysis are given. Moreover, it is discussed whether it is even possible to translate the so-called non-equivalent lexis without losing the original meaning. Practical implications. The results of the research can be applied in the study of various translation techniques as well as in the translation of historical works.

Sports facilities are essential part of city and municipal infrastructure nowadays. This article presents an overview of approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of sports facilities as a tool for improving the quality of people’s life. Moreover, this paper presents mechanisms that can improve the effectiveness of a sports facility. The author provides information about the integral indicator of living standard and about urban environment quality index, which are calculated using information about sports facilities. The paper provides a comparative analysis of sports registries of different countries, which provide access to information about sports infrastructure for the population; the criteria necessary for improving the Russian registry are identified. Also, based on the analysis of data from the “Arena” competition, more effective criteria for evaluating the performance of sports facilities were formulated. Purpose: perform a review of approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of sports facilities as a tool for improving the quality of people’s life. Methodology: in this article method of analysis and synthesis, methods of description were used. Results: tools for improving the effectiveness of sports facilities as a factor affecting the standard of living of the region were identified. Practical implications: the results should be used by the Ministry of sport of the Russian Federation for developing requirements for sports facilities; employees of territorial planning services; services which develop measures to improve living standards.

The paper considers the creation of a diagnostic system based on morphological and biophysical indicators that allows us to understand the influence of the climatic component, as well as stress factors on the general physiological state of young people for further correction of preventive measures and preservation of the health of the peoples of the Far North. The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the health of young people living in the Far North based on the results of bioluminescent saliva activity, stress-emotional state obtained before and after intense mental stress, as well as anthropometric and bioimpedance indicators. 117 students of the Medical Institute of Surgut State University took part in the survey at a young age (18-23 years) during the educational process (rest) and during the examination session (mental load) in the first half of the year of study (autumn-winter 2021). The stress-emotional state was assessed using the Spielberger-Khanin test, the functional state of students They were studied using bioluminescent salivary fluid testing, anthropometric and bioimpedance methods. Samples were obtained by spitting unstimulated saliva into a test tube. As a result of the study, regional features of the physique of young people were revealed, which indicates the formation of a phenotype adapted to living conditions in the northern region. The relationship between the stress-emotional status of adolescents and the level of inhibition of the bioluminescent enzymatic system by saliva samples taken before and after mental stress was shown. The value of the residual glow had an increased indicator for the state of rest and significantly reduced the intensity of the bioluminescent glow under mental stress. The methodological development obtained in the future will make it possible to effectively manage the methods and methods of diagnosing young people, taking into account the influence of external factors, climatic zones and conditions.

Background. Any new humanitarian research is based on a solid theoretical basis, which should be reflected in the work of the researcher. Intertextuality as a peculiar principle of scientific discourse, expressed simultaneously at the level of content and in terms of expression, is a special way of building new knowledge based on other people’s knowledge and empirical experience. Conducting a comparative study on intertextual markers of humanitarian discourse in Russian and English will reveal their common and specific features. Purpose. In this paper, the author conducts a comparative analysis of intertextual markers of scientific humanitarian discourse in Russian and English. Materials and methods. The research is based on general scientific methods, i.e., generalization and analysis as well as descriptive method, mathematical and statistical method, continuous sampling method. Results. As a result of the research, the authors identify explicit markers of intertextuality inherent in scientific humanitarian discourse in Russian and English, among which background references, indirect speech and quotations are the most popular. During the quantitative calculation of the studied data, the authors revealed that the percentage ratio of various intertextual markers within one language differs. Thus, it was revealed that in the English-language discourse, most of the intertextual markers are formed by background links, while in the Russian-language discourse, this number was made up of background links together with indirect speech. The authors summarize that the background references used in the scientific humanitarian discourse of the two languages under study help preserve the originality of the study as well as reflect the theoretical support of the researcher. Practical implications. The data obtained in the course of the conducted research can contribute to the development of functional stylistics and comparative linguistics, it can also be used by researchers of scientific humanitarian discourse, as well as for the purposes of teaching “Academic writing”.

The paper presents modern approaches to the preservation and promotion of health among different gender and age groups of the population of the region through the delivery of non-medical activities by socially oriented non-profit organizations (SONPOs) that implement projects to preserve public health, to form medical literacy, awareness and to carry out modern methods of health promotion. The relevance of the implementation of such approaches is due to the deteriorating health of the population of the Krasnoyarsk region, which, first of all, is evidenced by the negative dynamics of demographic indicators in the region. An analysis of the legal and regulatory framework for the activities of SONPOs in the aspect of the implementation of non-medical services to the population is given, indicating the wide opportunities for SONPOs to participate in projects to preserve public health. The following methods have been applied in the study – analytical, sociological, and statistical. Data obtained as a result of the survey have been used to analyze changes in the patient’s medical and social status that let evaluate the effectiveness of one-year implementation of health promotion activities by SONPOs. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of SONPOs non-medical activities were indicators of changes in the level of medical literacy among the participants, in comparison with people who did not participate in the activities, and the improvement of the medical and social status of patients in dynamics. All of that demonstrates the need for widespread replication of the described activity of SONPOs in the region.

Purpose – propose an experimental way to create ML solutions to the problem of detecting credit card fraud. Method or methodology of the work: the article uses machine learning (ML) and data mining methods Results: the paper showed that machine learning (ML) and data mining techniques are effective in improving fraud detection accuracy. The study proposes an experimental way to create ML solutions to the problem aimed at minimizing financial losses by monitoring the client’s behavior when using credit cards. The model is tested on a publicly available dataset available to the research community in terms of detection accuracy. The sphere of application of the results: in practice, it is advisable to use the results when planning effective strategies for detecting fraud in credit cards.

The authors of the article consider integrative semantic mapping as an illustrative and schematic basis for the law students’ development of a professionally oriented English-language thesaurus of the topical field “Law”. The aim of the research is to study further development of professional and communicative English-language competence which allows ensuring the implementation of pragmatic and professional communicative tasks in simulated situations of entering into legal relationship by the students. Methodology. The methodological framework for the research is the cognitive and generalizing methods, such as the theoretical analysis of research works in linguodidactics, pedagogy, cognitive linguistics, and the prognostic methods. The research material was an educational and methodological complex on the discipline “Legal English”, used as part of the Bachelor’s degree program 40.03.01 “Jurisprudence”. Results. The paper analyzes an algorithm for the development of abilities and skills of linguo-cognitive processing of professionally significative highly legal English texts of a static nature (for intermediate and upper-intermediate students), and English-language videos of a dynamic nature of the genre “courtroom drama” (for advanced and proficient students) using integrative semantic maps. Analyzing their application features allows us to emphasize their main function, which consists in optimizing the development of information about the law enforcement and legal proceedings in English-speaking countries, necessary for the effective intercultural communication of future practitioners in various branches of law. Conclusion. Forming and developing the English-language thesaurus of a professional lawyer is one of important areas of modern linguodidactics. It has been proved that the optimization of this process has become possible thanks to the use of new learning technologies, in particular, integrative semantic mapping as a tool for verbalization of acquired knowledge, which allows consciously applying cognitively mastered information, competently verbalizing it in intercultural professional communication, preventing and eliminating possible communication failures.

During the second half of the 20th century the literary work of Philip Rieff remained almost unnoticed due to his “reclusive” life and the development of ideas that are relevant for the future. This paper presents Rieff’s vision of the processes of culture transformation in the second half of the 20th century in the context of secularization and post-secularization, as well as in the framework of the development of a “psychological person”, which echoes the personality type of a narcissistic culture. Rieff’s conceptual foundation influenced the views of a number of thinkers of the Western type of civilization; his ideas received publicity in the Hollywood cinema, in K. Lash’s theory, and at the present time can be useful for the analysis of the emerging post-secular culture. Long before the official trend of the “return of the religion”, Ph. Rieff outlined this tendency in the cultural paradigm.

Introduction. The paper presents a description of the process of constructing a mathematical model for managing risks arising from the operation of complex technical unique systems for critical purposes under conditions of uncertainty of information about the parameters and phase state. The purpose of the study is to create an individual optimal strategy for managing risk events that occur during the operation of complex technical systems, which minimizes the cost of preventive work, as well as the amount of damage that may result from the occurrence of relevant events. The objectives of the study include the construction of a mathematical model for control risks arising from the operation of complex dynamic unique technical systems for critical purposes under conditions of interval uncertainty of information about the values of parameters and the phase state, since as well as an analysis of existing approaches to creating an individual forecast of changes in the state of the considered class of systems. Materials and Methods. The article gives a comparative description of the effectiveness of the application of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of outliers of random processes and the method of individual forecasting in solving the problem of managing risks arising from the operation of complex unique technical systems for critical purposes under conditions of uncertainty. Based on the statistical methods of interval data, a mathematical model of risk management was created, taking into account possible errors in measuring the values of the parameters of the considered class of complex systems at all control windows during the operation period. Results. The scientific novelty of the implemented approach lies in the use of interval data statistics, which allow the most correct consideration of possible errors associated with measuring the values of the characteristics of the studied technical systems at all stages of the control process. Discussion and Conclusions. The mathematical model of risk control developed in the course of the study, arising from the operation of complex technical systems for critical purposes, makes it possible to make the optimal choice of risk management strategy when using objects of this class. Along with the above, an algorithm has been developed for predicting changes in the state of a technical system during the entire period of its operation based on the mathematical apparatus of statistics of interval data, which makes it possible to take into account in the calculations the errors that occur when measuring the values of the main parameters of the system under consideration at all stages of the control process.

The paper describes the process of choosing the optimal design option for a complex technical system under conditions of interval uncertainty and incomplete information about the parameters and the phase state. Problems of this kind are extremely relevant at the initial stage of designing complex systems, when from a variety of possible options it is necessary to select those that are more consistent with the heterogeneous quality criteria and do not always meet the ambiguous preferences of the decision maker. The aim of the study is to develop effective methods for comparing various design options for complex systems at the initial design stage under conditions of interval uncertainty. The objectives of the study include the construction of a mathematical model for the functioning of a complex system under conditions of uncertainty, as well as the analysis of the main methods for comparing alternatives with heterogeneous quality criteria. Materials and Methods. The article provides a description of the functioning model of a complex technical system under conditions of uncertainty, and also describes the main methods for comparing various options for the system design at the initial stages of design in conditions of incompleteness and uncertainty of information, as well as ambiguity of the preferences of the decision maker. Results. The scientific novelty of the implemented approach lies in the use of interval data statistics, which allow the most correct consideration of possible errors associated with measuring the values of the characteristics of the studied technical systems at all stages of the control process. The scientific novelty of the implemented approach lies in the use of the interval analysis apparatus, which makes it possible to most correctly take into account the possible errors associated with measuring the values of the characteristics of the studied technical systems at all stages of the design process. Discussion and Conclusions. The mathematical model of the process of functioning of a complex technical system under conditions of interval uncertainty developed in the course of the study allows selection of system design options at the initial stages of design, taking into account possible errors and inaccuracies arising from the deviation of values from the calculated nominal values.

Optimization of transport work is necessary in case of uncontrollable growth of the described costs. The process of optimizing transport costs at the enterprise begins with an analysis of the current logistics strategy and collection of recommendations for its correction. The following aspects of the transport system of the company are subject to analysis: the method of movement of goods; the choice of vehicle type and its specific model; the selection of the carrier company and other logistics intermediaries; the layout of the company’s storage terminals. An optimized transport system can reduce the cost of production and sales of products and increase staff efficiency. There are three main directions in which innovations will ensure the reduction of costs for cargo and passenger transportation: the choice of optimal vehicles, the selection of optimally located unloading and loading points, the analysis of the feasibility of own fleet of vehicles. The paper considers the possibilities of transport system management under the condition of external influences. An illustration of the algorithm scheme of solving the optimization problem related to the choice of initial actions is given. The possibility of using prognostic models is shown. The approaches proposed in the work can be useful in improving the performance of various transportation systems.