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Los últimos informes publicados en el ámbito de la educación por organizaciones internacionales sugieren que, un uso inadecuado de recursos tecnológicos con fines educativos puede generar una brecha digital entre grupos de estudiantes. Este estudio, basado en fuentes primarias de información, aporta evidencia empírica mediante análisis de datos cuantitativos, que respaldan la hipótesis basada en que la ubicación geográfica de los centros educativos tiene un impacto significativo sobre factores como el grado de aceptación de la tecnología y de otros posibles factores. Estos resultados contribuyen a la comprensión de cómo un uso adecuado de recursos educativos basados en tecnología inmersiva de Realidad Aumentada y en otras tecnologías como la Inteligencia Artificial, pueden favorecer el desarrollo de procesos innovadores de enseñanza y aprendizaje que incentiven la eliminación de brechas digitales, mejorando los procesos de atención a la diversidad, la equidad y la inclusión del alumnado.

The digital revolution has helped to radically change perspective in the provisioning of goods and services in all market sectors. In the CH business, people visit's approach has substantially changed, with the introduction of new enabling technology, i.e., Artificial Intelligence and related technologies like Computer Vision, Machine Learning, eXstended Reality, etc. The digital evolution, by modifying the process of providing the cultural services, determines important changes both in the ways of using the asset and in the role of the visitor, who more often has the possibility of interacting firsthand with the cultural artworks. The VALUE project provides a different cultural fruition method, based on the use of mixed reality technologies capable of making the visit a unique emotional experience.

The digital revolution has helped to radically change perspective in the provisioning of goods and services in all market sectors. In the CH business, people visit's approach has substantially changed, with the introduction of new enabling technology, i.e., Artificial Intelligence and related technologies like Computer Vision, Machine Learning, eXstended Reality, etc. The digital evolution, by modifying the process of providing the cultural services, determines important changes both in the ways of using the asset and in the role of the visitor, who more often has the possibility of interacting firsthand with the cultural artworks. The VALUE project provides a different cultural fruition method, based on the use of mixed reality technologies capable of making the visit a unique emotional experience.

This paper examines the compatibility of the Metaverse with the Employment Law. After analyzing the professional use of augmented reality and virtual reality systems, this paper try to understand the impact of the Metaverse on the labor market. The Metaverse is also studied and criticized as a probably evolution of smart working in the direction of the gamification of work. The Author distinguishes temporary professional use of virtual reality from continuous immersive work in the Metaverse, to identify emerging critical issues, especially in terms of privacy and workers' health and safety.

Augmented reality and artificial intelligence refer to techniques or knowledge that, although they have made incredible and significant developments in recent years, in many respects have yet to assert their full potential. However, the effects that augmented reality and artificial intelligence have on humanity, and which are already perfectly observable today, seem to materialize some of those dystopian visions thought long ago by scholars and writers. Based on this assumption, the article focuses in particular on some emblematic examples that demonstrate the changes that have taken place and those that could be achieved in the not too distant future.

Background and Objective. The rapid development of technology makes it easier for teachers to continue to be interactively connected with students, for example, by using Augmented Reality technology. We conducted this review intending to investigate the diffusion and the effectiveness of AR technology as a learning media for students from various health fields. Materials and Method. This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols) Checklist. We used some databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, and Sciencedirect to search relevant literature with eligibility criteria, namely articles published in the period 201-2021, and discuss the development of Augmented Reality -based applications for learning students in the field of health Results. The studies included are on the development of AR-based learning applications carried out to improve the clinical skills of health students (Medicine, Nursing, and Midwifery). Various types of application development are carried out including anatomy, Endotracheal Intubation, AR Prototype for Medical Surgery, Intravascular Neurosurgery, injection skills, and Laparoscopic. Conclusion. The use of Augmented Reality as a learning medium really helps improve the understanding and skills of students majoring in health sciences.

The paper aims to show Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) artworks are increasingly taking the form of walking tours across the city. These installations in urban space transform the viewer into an experiencer. Indeed such artworks consist in perceptual environments, which give new menanings to known places thanks to virtual objects. They can elicit a strong sense of presence into the visitor, who is free to build different paths related to the artwork both in time and space, using her own mobile devices. AR an MR artworks use immersive, multimedia, and interactive storytelling, which modifies everyday context affordances. The actual environment results from the intertwining of the physical and the digital. Artists like Keiichi Matsuda, in HYPER-REALITY (2016), and Magali Barbé, in Strange Beasts (2017), have imagined the most dystopian and alarming aspects that could emerge from new virtual technologies. However, AR and MR artworks reveal potentialities impossible to obtain through any other medium. The article will discuss some relevant examples such as the [AR]T project (2019), organized by the New Museum of New York and Apple, Actual Reality (2019) by Hito Steyerl and MNEMOSCOPIO (2020), by Emilio Vavarella.

Augmented reality and artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly involved in the interpretation, classification, and eventually in our understanding of the built environment. This paper collects three recent on-site research experiences, which developed mobile app prototypes and experimented with these advancements in the relationship between computer vision and architectural artifacts. The first project concerns the vaulted atria of Baroque Turin and integrates a work of analysis and representation with augmented reality applications to visualize interpretative 3D models. The second project focuses on the development of a mobile app to access data on monuments, exploiting deep learning technologies for image recognition. The application field is the Imperial Fora in Rome. The third project is part of the so-called "third mission" of universities, being developed in partnership with a company operating in the electronic telecommunications infrastructure sector. The project explores automatic methods for updating existing building information modeling databases on antenna tower sites. This experience, the last in chronological order, though focused on a modern architectural asset, is meant to reframe and integrate the previous ones, updating the methods and the foreseen developments, and stressing the potential of the combined use of the studied technologies. The joint consideration of the three projects is aimed at reflecting on the processes, which from different techniques for the recognition of spatial features, produce schematic understanding and operational uses of the shape of built heritage.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.26.2021.16

The aim of this paper is to analyze how extended reality (formed by virtual and augmented reality), and artificial intelligence are influencing the fashion field. During and after the Covid19 pandemic, a radical shift happened: most activities, from shopping to showrooms and fashion weeks had to move online. While e-commerce was already a consolidated pillar of fashion shopping, it recently started to evolve to achieve through AR (augmented reality) and VR (virtual reality) what customers could before find in physical stores: interesting experiences and sensory stimuli. Online traffic peaked, creating even more room for technology based on artificial intelligence. With its disrupting powers, AI (artificial intelligence) has all the potentialities to take over each step of the fashion value chain. Furthermore, with the quarantine the production of fashion was slowed down by the absence of workers in production sites. Artificial intelligence and automation could be an answer. In this paper AR, VR and AI technologies are analyzed with practical examples on what has happened and is happening in the industry, from a perspective based on the challenges imposed by Covid-19. Results indicate that AR, VR and AI have the potential to become in the near future the norm in the fashion media and technology ecosystem, reinforcing the digitization process of the industry.

In a context characterized by flooding and environmental degradation of the Seil of Amman (natural heritage of the capital of Jordan), caused by climate change, rapid urbanization and unsustainable stormwater management, the paper explores the potential of new Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) technologies as a tool of public engagement with new ecologically sustainable urban regeneration projects. Therefore, two possible scenarios for a green/blue intervention in the Ras al-Ein area on the path of the Seil are presented, elaborated through a specially developed immersive mobile augmented reality software, describing both the application development process and the users’ response.

Starting from the definition and the analysis of the smart city notion, this article will introduce the main theoretical sociological approaches upon the topic in object. Digital technologies are increasing transforming social behaviors, social relations, and lately even spatial interaction. The city as a place of production, consumption and prosumption thanks to the digitalization is increasing defined as a hybrid space, a mix of physical and digital con-texts. The article will develop an analysis of the hybridization of the city spaces through a series of case studies.

In a context of disruptive innovation Design takes on new roles, which place it in a different position compared to the practices of the last decade.Speculative Design underlines the importance of designing futuristic scenarios, users and artefacts, starting from the phenomena and innovations taking place in the present, with the aim of nurturing critical thinking and shared knowledge about these.Digital innovations related to augmented, virtual and mixed reality technologies are becoming one of the ideal tool which involves viewers in the process of maturation.The aim of this paper is to investigate new relationships between innovation, Design and users, through the analysis of a case study.The aims and objectives of the aforementioned case study fully follow the methodology of speculative Design, addressing the theme of the Post Human, of the possible evolutions of the human genre, influenced by technologies which are becoming pervasive and efficient, and with mega-trends that are significantly changing lifestyles and the relationships with the rest of living beings and ecosystems.Through the prototyping and the creation of an app, it was possible to accompany the spectators on a trans-media journey supported by augmented reality technology, used to involve viewers in the designed path and to make different contents of the exhibition usable, turning the users into actors who actively take part in the exhibition.The aim of the paper is to sum up a model useful to address both the practical and the didactic fields of application, through the use of digital and physical tool, following the concepts and the mindsets which lie behind speculative Design approach.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.23.2019.13

This paper aims at synthesizing the literature on the use of AR and VR for teaching scientific disciplines to identify strengths and weaknesses for student’s learning. Articles published in peer reviewed journals has been searched on Google Scholar from 2018. The results highlighted a great variety of studies’ methodology, field of applications, technology, target groups and outcomes. The growing interest in this topic is due to the emerging benefits for learning achievements, attitudes and motivations. Further studies are necessary to understand the type of technologies to be used in different contexts and to focus on learners’ characteristics, and its impact on learning outcomes. It is necessary to improve students’ and teachers’ digital competence, supporting them in designing educational intervention for the acquisition of scientific skills.

The present study reviewed nine publications related to the application of augmented reality (AR)-based interventions to people with intellectual disabilities (ID). The lines of research developed focus on the areas of education, personal autonomy and health promotion. The studies are theoretical frameworks, design of AR-based applications, or quasi-experimental study designs without a control group. The samples, all of less than 15 subjects, have been chosen under intentional criteria. The devices that seem to prevail as preferred for its application in this group are the portable ones due to the wide range of intervention possibilities that they offer as well as the development potential of the personal autonomy that they allow. Results offer a positive view of the application of this technology to people with ID, although the characteristics of the studies do not allow yet its generalization. Among the reported benefits are: enhancing learning achievement, motivation and enjoyment of tasks, helping to understand information, enhancing orientation, raising the level of engagement.

The technology that ‘amplifies’ the real world as well as the technological means of data capturing, are continuing to have a development difficult to control or predict. Projects of a certain interest are born, develop and die sometimes without producing significant results nevertheless becoming phases of a fluid and dynamic process, on which new software applications and hardware systems are built. At the same time, the role of the academy seems to be often overtaken by what is developed by the citizen science. Researchers no longer seem to exclusively explore the ‘discovery’ domain, but rather work at the setup of scientifically reliable protocols for technologies often used by different communities of citizens in a way that does not conform to the specifications for which they were originally designed. This paper focuses on these issues taking as its starting point two experiments with high innovative content that cover various stages of the process defined by the term Survey. They pertain on the one hand to a hw/sw system of data capturing, processing and communication developed for mobile devices (Tango Project) and on the other to a mixed ROV/UAV multisensor platform equipped with a LIDAR system and digital camera for data acquisition in inaccessible places (Heritagebot Project).

This contribution resumes the results of the research project “Parco Multimediale delle Mura di Padova (PAMU), valorizzazione di paesaggi e percorsi culturali in un’ottica creativa e innovativa” (ESF 2014-2020), realized thanks to the synergies between the IUAV University of Venice, the University of Padua and four establishments active in the Veneto territory. The main purpose of the project is the realization of a multimedia museum of the Walls of Padua. The proposal takes advantage of innovative strategies and technologies for spreading the knowledge concerning the history of the Renaissance Walls of the city. During the project, a huge amount of data was gathered, both from the digital surveys of the three relevant case studies (Porta Codalunga, Porta Pontecorvo and Torrione Alicorno) and the documentary sources retrieved from several museums and archives of the territory. The collected data was the starting point for the virtual reconstruction of the sites within the city walls, showing their transformations over the last five centuries. The outputs of the research converged into the realization of multimedia installations, designed to project audiovisual contents directly onto the walls by creating an emotional experience taking advantage of the suggestive environment of the historical sites. In addition, an augmented reality based app allows the users to virtually visit the buildings through different periods of time, by locating tridimensional models in their original environments. Finally, a management plan and a website were conceived in order to lead the visitor, spread the knowledge and promote the Renaissance Walls of Padua.

Many cultural spaces, which have been transformed into museums contain very few exhibits. In particular, museums in buildings or second-tier archaeological areas, where most of the finds have been moved to museums of major importance or exhibits that have been removed for different organizational/exhibition needs. In these situations, the use of ICT affords the possibility to incorporate effective communication and dissemination systems. As a result, it involves visitors and scholars within the exhibit using procedures related to edutainment, interactive and immersive experiences, serious games and gamification. As a case study are taken the Museum of the Walls, as a museum in building, and the archaeological area of the Maxentius archaeological complex, as an open-air museum, both located on the Ancient Appia road. In the Museum of the Walls Superintendent's requirements are to enhance and disseminate: - the presence of the Museum, located in one of the many well-preserved Roman city gates located in the Aurelian Walls;- the history of the city gate and of the short section of walls connected to it;- the history and articulation of the walls of Rome.In the Maxentius archaeological the main goal is to make understand the history and the function of the two main structures (the circus and a Mausoleum of Romulus), which are visible and open to visitors, ensuring a greater understanding of an area with the size of about 4 hectares, where visitors today can only benefit information from some panels.

Considering the fact that in China, in 2016 solely, the mobile payment volume was around $5 trillion – half of its gross domestic product, carried out through two main competitors – Alipay and Wechat Pay, it is becoming clearer that companies will invest piles of money in order to process the payments of the millions of potential users. With the banking industry shaken by the different modifications of rules and regulations and consumers addicted to the latest gadgets, the tech companies may have the pole position in this race. Apple is charging each Apple Pay user with 0.15% per transaction which may not seem a lot, but taking into account that in 2015 iPhone users traded over $10.9 billion we can see why tech companies are eager to develop payment applications. In this paper are presented briefly the newest means of payment and how are those influenced or not by the emerging technologies. The most important piece in the puzzle – end-user – has to keep up with all the novelties in this sector and, as consequence, some behavioural patterns occur. With the appearance in the landscape of emerging technologies like 5G, augmented reality, virtual reality, blockchain etc. new waves are expected to redefine mobile payments. Those are presented further in the text altogether with some trends in financial services that may influence the mobile payments market as we know it.

The article critically investigates the possibilities offered by new interactive visual technologies for remote professional collaboration, highlighting the legal aspects yet to be defined.

In this study we shall be trying to examine in more depth the relationships between the processes of trans-medial world-building and their “ontological fibrillation” via the affordances of recent digital technology. The analysis will be concentrating on the contribution from Augmented Reality in the ontological materialization of The Walking Dead transmedia storyworld. To this end, the dual configuration of a narrative continuum and an attractive-interactive materialization of the make-believe will be taken into consideration. This assumption will be backed up by our endeavouring to update the conceptual contributions of narratological categories, such as para-textuality, and medial categories, such as cyberworlds and the social media; the trend towards materialization of storyworlds, following in the tracks of a historical-archaeological perspective of pre-digital transmediality will be traced with reference to several scholars within transmedia studies.

I outline five issues in philosophy of colour that deserve greater attention and provide skeletal frameworks for how future work on these topics could be carried out. The issues are: colour and metaphilosophy (§1), colour and artistic practice (§2), colour and virtual/augmented reality (§3), colour and imagination (§4), and colour and the predictive mind (§5). Some of these issues have been a focus of important recent works. Thus, colour conjoined with each of metaphilosophy, artistic practice and imagination have all been examined in at least a few recent publications – see below for references. It is clear, however, that these recent works are signals that there is much still to be done. By contrast, while at present there is a great deal of interest in the predictive mind, the intersection of colour and the predictive mind is vastly underexplored. This is despite the fact that the philosophy and science of colour are rather developed disciplines. Finally, while there have been some very important recent works on virtual and augmented reality, the significance of colour for these studies has yet to be examined. It is my hope that after reading this article readers are convinced not only that the philosophy of colour has a rich, recent history, but also a very bright future.

The augmented reality is an emerging and constantly evolving theme in the educational field. Technological applications enrich information with sensorial data, adding new digital resources from a mobile device or from vision devices. Reliable studies report how the structuring of a hybrid, virtual and real space promotes augmented learning of an experiential and participatory nature. This paper represents the state of art of literature, with the reference to the augmented reality and the professional development. The objectives of this systematic map are the following: identifying the main areas or professional sectors that use the augmented reality; identifying the topics most addressed in the selected proposals and investigating how to use this technology. Despite the objective limits, the analysis of the evidences gives an overall positive picture of the potential offered by technological applications in the training courses. La realtà aumentata nello sviluppo professionale: una rappresentazione sistematica della letteratura. La realtà aumentata rappresenta un tema emergente e in continua evoluzione in campo educativo. Le applicazioni tecnologiche arricchiscono di informazioni il dato sensoriale, traendo nuove risorse digitali da un dispositivo mobile o da dispositivi di visione. Studi accreditati riportano come la strutturazione di uno spazio ibrido, virtuale e reale, favorisca un apprendimento aumentato, di natura esperienziale e partecipativo. Il lavoro propone una rappresentazione sistematica della letteratura internazionale con riferimento alla realtà aumentata ed allo sviluppo professionale. Gli obiettivi-guida della revisione sono stati orientati ad individuare i principali ambiti o settori professionali che ricorrono alla realtà aumentata, a cogliere i topic maggiormente affrontati nelle proposte selezionate e a indagare le modalità di utilizzo della tecnologia. Pur nei limiti oggettivi, dall’analisi delle evidenze scaturisce un quadro complessivamente positivo delle potenzialità offerte dagli applicativi tecnologici nei percorsi formativi.

Obiettivo del contributo è quello di indagare le potenzialità offerte da una metodologia multidisciplinare volta alla creazione di un database digitale facilmente interrogabile, sempre disponibile e scientificamente valido da impiegare per le diverse finalità legate al patrimonio culturale immobile (ricerca scientifica, interventi di manutenzione e restauro, valorizzazione culturale, promozione turistica). La banca dati è composta da modelli infografici elaborati con riferimento a rilievi tridimensionali affidabili dal punto di vista metrico e cromatico e rappresentativi di una realtà virtuale ‘aumentata’ delle informazioni storiche, iconografico-documentali e archivistiche riferite al bene. Caso studio su cui è stato sperimentato tale approccio metodologico è l’area archeologica di Tuscolo, sui Colli Albani a sud di Roma.

Il patrimonio archeologico dell’area mediterranea è una delle manifestazioni più intense della volontà delle molte società che popolano questa zona fin dall’antichità. È un patrimonio culturale complesso e articolato che presenta enigmi difficili e possibilità impressionanti. Ciò crea la necessità di una comprensione accurata del soggetto della ricostruzione, delle sue connessioni e del suo contesto. In questo viaggio alla conoscenza, il “disegno” è il principale strumento di guida e operazione, dai primi schizzi al modello virtuale finale è il modo per scoprire le tracce della trama originale, la cosa per suggerire possibili soluzioni. Basando le sue considerazioni su dodici anni di indagini digitali e vari tentativi di ricostruzione digitale, questo contributo proporrà una discussione e definirà un percorso per questo tipo di procedure architettoniche specifiche nell’era digitale.

This paper describes the design and development of mobile applications that use Augmented Reality technology (AR) and virtual reality (VR) to improve the dissemination of the archaeological evidence found at the State Nature Reserve and Protected Marine Area of Torre Guaceto (Brindisi); the finds are part of the Bronze Age fortified settlement of Scogli di Apani. In more general terms, they also help in understanding the natural and anthropic character of its coastal territory during the second millennium B.C.

A new kind of technological application that promises us a playful experience that gathers elements from real and virtual worlds, called location-based augmented reality games, is gaining popularity. This paper analyzes the ways in which these tools modify our territorial experience. Starting from its theoretical characterization, how a “place” can be created in the environment of these mixed realities is first described, continuing with the analysis of its practical application on a specialized game-based tourism. The essay aims to awake the interest toward a topic that can help us to understand some aspects of our current relationship with territory.

The contribution presents the first results of a research conducted in the Department of Architecture, Roma Tre University, aimed at testing Machine Learning algorithms for train Neural Networks in learning data from BIM, with the purpose of generating Augmented Reality contents. The objective is to improve the living space's fruition by fragile users. Machine Learning algorithms, in computer-aided design, constitute an innovation in production, as well as an innovation in product, meaning architectural spaces as such. After describing the current research lines, this paper proposes a shared glossary about the terms borrowed from other investigation fields. Finally, it describes the applications in Augmented Reality experimented in the research and the theoretical mechanisms of interaction between these and the Machine Learning algorithms.

e-REAL is enhanced reality for immersive simulation. It is a system where physical and digital objects co-exist and interact in real time, in a real place and not within a headset. e-REAL allows for an advanced simulation within a multisensory scenario, based on challenging situations developed by visual storytelling techniques. The e-REAL immersive setting is fully interactive with 3D holographic visualization, talking avatars, electronically writable surfaces and more: people can take notes, cluster key-concepts or fill questionnaires directly on the projected surfaces. Learners rapidly circle between deliberate practice and direct feedback within a simulation scenario until mastery is achieved. So far, the early findings show that visualization, if linked in interactive ways to the learners, allows for better neural processes related to learning and behavior change. Mondi virtuali e realtà aumentata: l’Enhanced Reality Lab come best practice per la simulazione avanzata e l’apprendimento immersivo e-REAL è realtà potenziata per la simulazione immersiva. E’ un sistema dove oggetti fisici e virtuali coesistono e interagiscono in tempo reale, in un luogo reale e non all’interno di un visore. e-REAL consente una simulazione avanzata all’interno di uno scenario multisensoriale, basato su situazioni sfidanti progettate attraverso tecniche di storytelling visuale. Il setting immersivo di e-REAL è pienamente interattivo con visualizzazioni olografiche in 3D, avatars parlanti, superfici sulle quali è possibile scrivere elettronicamente e altro ancora: le persone possono prendere note, raggruppare concetti-chiave, compilare questionari direttamente sulle superfici proiettate. L’applicazione della tecnica denominate Rapid Cicle Deliberate Practice (RCDP), basata su feedback diretti e mirati, consente di migliorare le performance già nel corso della simulazione. I primi risultati mostrano che la visualizzazione interattiva potenzia i processi neurali associati all’apprendimento e al cambiamento comportamentale.

This study aims to establish whether new digital technologies can provide a more effective museum experience by widening the access for a greater number of visitors and triggering specific learning processes, also through a deeper engagement. To this end, a review of some significant nationally and internationally researches on the effectiveness of digital tools for museums is provided. They describe the technologies with the greatest impact in terms of audience development and knowledge dissemination. This extensive review shows evidences and findings about the possibility given by new technologies and digital and immersive environments (3D models and printing, virtual and augmented reality) to enhance the user experience in museum context. Furthermore, digital and immersive environments offer new, and so far under-explored, ways of learning, as they are able to transfer knowledge triggering the emotional involvement of the audience. Digital technologies need to be integrated into a strategic design aiming to define innovation plans, digital projects management approaches and specific guidelines for creating an effective storytelling. Tecnologie digitali nei musei: realtà aumentata, apprendimento e audience development L’obiettivo del presente studio è quello di stabilire se le nuove tecnologie possano rendere più efficace l’esperienza museale, favorendo una maggiore fruizione dei visitatori e specifici processi di apprendimento, anche attraverso un più ampio coinvolgimento. A tal fine viene presentata una rassegna di alcune significative ricerche ed esperienze, a livello nazionale e internazionale, sull’efficacia degli strumenti digitali per i musei, descrivendo le tecnologie di maggiore impatto in termini di audience development e diffusione della conoscenza. Dalla ricognizione effettuata emergono stabili riscontri sul fatto che sia possibile rendere molto più efficace l’esperienza museale attraverso le nuove tecnologie e che gli ambienti digitali e immersivi (modelli e stampa 3D, realtà virtuale e aumentata) offrono nuove e poco esplorate modalità di apprendimento, in quanto capaci di trasmettere i contenuti aumentando il coinvolgimento emotivo dei visitatori. Le tecnologie necessitano di essere integrate in una pianificazione strategica che punti a definire un piano di innovazione e pianificazione di progetti digitali e specifiche linee guida nell’impiego per creare uno storytelling efficace.

In the present work, after having illustrated the Augmented Reality and its main characteristics from a theoretical point of view, the potential of the latter is analyzed. The purpose of the present study is in fact to know the impacts of augmented reality on learning, on motivation and, more specifically, to study its possible effects in the scholastic context according to an inclusive logic. Realtà aumentata per favorire un apprendimento inclusivo Nel presente lavoro, dopo aver illustrato da un punto di vista teorico la Realtà Aumentata e le sue principali caratteristiche, si analizzano le potenzialità di quest’ultima. Scopo del presente studio è infatti quello di conoscere gli impatti della realtà aumentata sull’apprendimento, sulla motivazione e, più specificamente studiarne i possibili effetti in ambito scolastico secondo una logica inclusiva.

This study presents a systematic literature review on augmented reality textbooks. During the analysis, the subjects of the searches, the typologies of used technologies, the benefits and the difficulties highlighted have been considered as factors of investigation. The results reveal that augmented reality textbooks is not very diffused despite the results of the analyzed searches showing the effectiveness of its use in the educational context. Realtà aumentata e libro di testo: analisi della letteratura Questo lavoro propone un’analisi della letteratura sull’utilizzo della realtà aumentata nei libri di testo. Nell’analisi sono stati considerati come fattori di indagine i soggetti delle ricerche, le tipologie di tecnologie utilizzate, i benefici e le difficoltà evidenziati. I risultati rivelano che la realtà aumentata come supporto ai libri di testo scolastici ancora non è molto diffusa nonostante i risultati delle ricerche analizzate dimostrino una efficacia del suo utilizzo nel contesto didattico.

The blind faith in progress, as a submission to a nomosimbued with mythical elements, is declined today through concepts and slogans which participate in the umpteenth ideological mystification of the technocratic society of consumption, aimed at legitimizing and justifying the unconditional domination and exploitation of Nature, even through the (wholly fraudulent) promotion of its protection. The present paper intends to show how even such escamotages, far from breaking the logic of “growth for growth”, move rather in the direction of what Löwith called a total denaturalization of the world and man, that is to say the triumph of the Apparatenweltof Günther Anders. If Man interacts with the natural environment solely through the mediation of a variegated set of techniques, in fact, Nature itself disappears from its subjective horizon and he does nothing but interact with these techniques and with the techno-nature which they originate.

The blind faith in progress, as a submission to a nomosimbued with mythical elements, is declined today through concepts and slogans which participate in the umpteenth ideological mystification of the technocratic society of consumption, aimed at legitimizing and justifying the unconditional domination and exploitation of Nature, even through the (wholly fraudulent) promotion of its protection. The present paper intends to show how even such escamotages, far from breaking the logic of “growth for growth”, move rather in the direction of what Löwith called a total denaturalization of the world and man, that is to say the triumph of the Apparatenweltof Günther Anders. If Man interacts with the natural environment solely through the mediation of a variegated set of techniques, in fact, Nature itself disappears from its subjective horizon and he does nothing but interact with these techniques and with the techno-nature which they originate.

This paper describes an experimental system to support investigation of historical buildings using Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Augmented Reality (AR). The system requires the use of an off-line software to build the BIM representation and defines a method to integrate diagnostic data into BIM. The system offers access to such information during site investigation using AR glasses supported by marker and marker-less technologies. The main innovation is the possibility to contextualize through AR not only existing BIM properties but also results from non-invasive tools. User evaluations show how the use of the system may enhance the perception of engineers during the investigation process.

What would happen if a Tweet appearing on the Twitter dress is re-tweeted and appears the dress of another unknown user in the same room, causing them to recognize each other in person through a message launched in the web? A new wave of interactive ready-to-wear technologies is dealing with the concept of embedding technology into the body in an even more radical way than the much talked about “Apple watches” or “Goggle glasses”. What will this new environment imply? Will this create an entire new conception of immersion which will alter altogether the real/ virtual dichotomy (Jenkins, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013 )? What elements will come into play within the extra-virtual immersive environment? What will the differences be with other immersive environments like Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality?

Providing technical aides, such as smartphones, tablets, 3D visors for visitors to cultural sites, is an innovation which combining different technologies in order to offer experiences capable of bringing objects to life and suggesting further indepth information. In Italy too, experiences of augmented and/or virtual reality achieved through 3D reconstructions provide access to top quality scientificum - didactic content whose impact in communicating information is highly effective. In order to create these systems is crucial to establish synergy among persons with specialised skills: archaeologists, historians, engineers, architects, IT experts, 3D modellers and communicators, together with basic operations and production workflows.

Providing technical aides, such as smartphones, tablets, 3D visors for visitors to cultural sites, is an innovation which combining different technologies in order to offer experiences capable of bringing objects to life and suggesting further indepth information. In Italy too, experiences of augmented and/or virtual reality achieved through 3D reconstructions provide access to top quality scientificum - didactic content whose impact in communicating information is highly effective. In order to create these systems is crucial to establish synergy among persons with specialised skills: archaeologists, historians, engineers, architects, IT experts, 3D modellers and communicators, together with basic operations and production workflows.

Providing technical aides, such as smartphones, tablets, 3D visors for visitors to cultural sites, is an innovation which combining different technologies in order to offer experiences capable of bringing objects to life and suggesting further indepth information. In Italy too, experiences of augmented and/or virtual reality achieved through 3D reconstructions provide access to top quality scientificum - didactic content whose impact in communicating information is highly effective. In order to create these systems is crucial to establish synergy among persons with specialised skills: archaeologists, historians, engineers, architects, IT experts, 3D modellers and communicators, together with basic operations and production workflows.

Dan Brown’s success finds reasons in multiple factors, social, morphological, cognitive and commercial: the cross-medial restructuring of aesthetic communication on a global scale; the use of zero-sum homeostatic mechanisms in shaping themes, characters and meanings; the mixing of history and fiction; the disappearance of naturalistic elements; the time structuring of plots in «packs», cognitively easy to comprehend; the presence of urban settings, recognizable and meaningful for the global tourist; the elimination of ambiguous elements, favouring an aesthetic orientation to problem solving.

The paper presents a research under development at the University of Trieste to analyze a painted architecture by Paolo Veronese and to present the results using AR systems (Augmented Reality Systems). The canvas was painted in 1573 and it is now at the Gallerie dell’Accademia Museum in Venice. The aim of the research was to transform a two-dimensional work of art in a three dimensional one, allowing all the visitors of a museum to enter the space of the representation and perceive it in a more direct way. After the geometrical analysis of the picture, we started the digital restitution of the perspective references and proceed to model the virtual scene using Boolean primitives and applying all the textures to render the scene in a very realistic way. The further step was to convert the model into a dynamic form with AR algorithms and associate it with spatial references to allow users to do a virtual experience of it.

ITL’articolo intende presentare una ricerca multidisciplinare in corso presso l’Università di Cassino. Il progetto si incentra sull’uso di robot per effettuare una visita ad un museo durante l’orario di chiusura, permettendo al visitatore, connesso al robot attraverso il proprio computer di casa o il proprio tablet o smartphone, di controllare e “guidare” il dispositivo attraverso le sale del museo, inquadrando e guardando le varie opere, ottenendone o una semplice visione oppure una esplorazione ampliata dell’opera che si sta osservando, attraverso un database multimediale appositamente predisposto.ENThe article intends to present a multidisciplinary research underway at the University of Cassino. The project focuses on the use of robots to make a visit to a museum during the hours of closure. The visitor, connected to the robot through computer or tablet or smartphone, will be able to check and "ride" the device through the Museum obtaining or a simple vision or an extended exploration of the museum through a specially designed multimedia database.

At the intersection of Augmented Reality with Wearing Technologies, a new aesthetic paradigm is emerging nowadays. It is a new technical treatment of our sensitivity, somehow antagonistic to Virtual Reality. In the paper, I connect this paradigm to Google Glass, and propose a distinction between two trends of development. The first trend, which I call “Cartesian”, is characterized by a process of selecting and optimizing of sensitivity; the second trend, which I refer to Merleau-Ponty, makes the aesthetic performance be able to realize an intermedial dialogue between word and image. It is noteworthy that, from the point of view of the Cartesian trend, the “prism” of Google Glass is interpreted as a screen, while, from the point of view referred to Merleau-Ponty, it is rather interpreted as a prosthetic eye.

A case study of a project for the geometric documentation of a roman mausoleum from the 4th century is used as the overarching element in order to put forward a reflection on some of the steps for the process of documentation itself, as well as on the utility of the outcomes. The main issues considered are: (1) documentation project, (2) three-dimensional modeling, (3) use of different kinds of two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations, (4) Augmented Reality and (5) archive and dissemination of information.

This paper seeks to underline how ontobranding (Barile, 2009a, 2009b) is the final stage of an evolution from an old ideal of interaction between human and machines to a new kind of interaction where the machines become softer and immaterial, emotions become contents, and places become media. In this endeavor, this paper first offers an overview of how branding and consumer culture evolved. It then highlights the close link between technologies and emotions by introducing how the main metaphor (from monster, robot, to cyborg) has shifted with the development of society. With the metaphors and societal/technological transformation in mind, the next section explicates the notion of ontobranding. Finally, the paper provides some case analyses applying the ontobranding perspective, suggesting that the analyses of contemporary technological innovations require a new perspective that is able to understand and unify the dynamic interaction between what were once separated as the ontological distinction between reality and virtuality.

The placement of elements that enhance the ambiance in assets and historic sites can serve to supply evidence to a greater understanding of the events associated with these sites. The functional organization grows in importance within the historic buildings, by the need to transmit the historical context of the time and the experience associated to the experience of the place. Technical augmented reality can simplify this transmission, valuing the equity and providing them with an overview of the proposed experiments. This paper discusses the technologies available and a methodological framework for the use of Augmented Reality in the context of historical heritage.

In the era of electronic communication the cultural object has the value of digital resource for economic and social growth. The search for more effective ways of communicating and of greater amplitude than in the past is a goal. Of the many proposals and innovations aimed at enhancing the architectural heritage is part of augmented reality, which is an interesting tool to communicate the cultural heritage in real space resulting in a strong social impact. Here we offer an experience developed in the University of Pescara.

L’articolo illustra gli esiti della ricerca “Modelli informativi integrati per conoscere, valorizzare e condividere il patrimonio urbano e ambientale. Sperimentare interfacce 3D per oggetti culturali geografici: l'architettura delle informazioni e l'architettura informatica” che si è posta come principale obiettivo quello di dilatare il concetto di “modello informativo integrato”, approfondendolo, attraverso integrazioni e sovrapposizioni con diversi ambienti, nelle direzioni sia dello spazio geografico (3D-GIS) e dello spazio Web (3D-WEB e 3D-GIS-WEB), sia della Realtà Aumentata e del Virtuale Aumentato. La ricerca ha mirato ad individuare sistemi tecnologici, procedurali e operativi, diversamente articolati in relazione a casi individuati, privilegiando anche tecnologie basate su strumentazioni di facile uso, a basso costo e/o open source, ma sempre affidabili relativamente alla qualità dei dati elaborati. In tale contesto si sono condotte differenti sperimentazioni, secondo vari percorsi/scale di lettura e corrispondenti organizzazioni dei dati, scegliendo come ambito privilegiato delle applicazioni il centro storico di Ascoli Piceno.

The Design for the valorisation of cultural heritage, activates some skills useful for initiating systemic processes integrated, promoting a more suitable interaction between the actors involved in the valuation of assets. In particular, communication design is a discipline that operates in the contemporary age by relating different cultural topics. It contributes to the promotion of the heritage, using the potential offered by new forms of communication, creating new systems or tools to build effective and participatory communicative relations. In this framework, the article shows and explains some experiments, about visual artifacts for cultural heritage of the city of Ascoli Piceno in order to rediscover its identity and to improve its peculiarities, carried out during a creative workshop. The workshop proposed to combine different design methods in order to offer the opportunity to develop an original approach to visual design, able to identify, in visual form, properties and characteristic of the city and its territory, as well as effective configurations to communicate it to the community. For this reason the workshop provided some methodological guidelines for the development of a design process of visual identity, through the integration of traditional operating procedures, such as watercolour drawing, and digital, such as video mapping.

Trasfigurare un edificio, seppure temporaneamente, comporta una serie di responsabilità: l'edificio non è semplicisticamente uno schermo su cui proiettare immagini, si trasforma invece nel luogo dove l'idea architettonica viene portata ad un livello inusuale di protagonismo, sottraendo provvisoriamente l'architettura dalla dipendenza dall'edificio. La forma diventa strumento di astrazione, metafora, concetto. L'arte come trasformazione della realtà percettiva in trasgressive contraddizioni ottiche, fino all’evasione ed astrazione lega con filo diretto la videoproiezione architetturale all’estetica delle avanguardie artistiche del '900. Come enunciato da Umberto Eco nella “teoria della menzogna” ogni forma richiama un contenuto interpretabile da parte del fruitore. Con la videoproiezione architetturale c'è la possibilità-necessità di finalizzare il mentire in senso critico costruttivo.

The term “Augmented Reality” (AR) is used to define integrated hardware and software technologies, designed to mix video footage taken by a camera with three-dimensional virtual objects. The result is a mix between real reality and virtual reality. Many applications of this technology are beingdeveloped for use in the field of cultural heritage and are being introduced for use in specialized contexts such as in certain phases of the diagnostic process or fruition. The basic algorithmic approach for augmented reality, starts from a video stream analysis that incorporates a real scene. Within the same scene are scattered a set of known geometric images called“markers”. When the software module in charge of the video flow analysis identifies a marker within the scene, it tries to position it in relation to a reference system integral with the chamber which performs the video shoot, and then replaces it in real time, overlapping with a 3D model achieved through a virtual modeling software. The aim of this article is to evaluate the state of the art augmented reality and then examine several experiments involving its application to cultural heritage.