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Unilateral condylar hyperactivity is a growth disorder which is characterised by a progressive asymmetry in the mandibula and in some cases also secondarily in the maxilla. Various forms are hemimandibular hyperplasia, hemimandibular elongation and a hybridform. In deciding on a plan of treatment, it is important to determine whether there is a question of continuous and/or excessive condylar activity, possibly with the help of a skeletal scintigraphy.

A 30-year-old woman suffering from neurofibromatosis type 1 was referred by her dentist to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of a university medical centre for excision of a gingival hyperplasia in the mandibular frontal region. The hyperplasia was a neurofibroma, which was surgically removed, as were 2 neurofibromas of the tongue, a postauricular neurofibroma and 2 neurofibromas of the feet.

A 46-year-old man appeared with white lesions of the oral cavity. A previously taken biopsy revealed no classifying diagnosis and treatment with mouth rinse produced no improvement. A new biopsy was taken, on which the pathologist performed additional tests. This resulted in the diagnosis 'syphilis'. The patient was treated with benzylpenicillin and the oral white lesions disappeared. Although nowadays syphilis is rare, special attention is required when noticing these kinds of lesions of the oral cavity.