1. Albuminuria, a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy
- Author
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William E. Mitch, Shahnaz Shahinfar, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Mark E. Cooper, Zhongxin Zhang, William F. Keane, Steve Snapinn, Hans-Henrik Parving, Dick de Zeeuw, Barry M. Brenner, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, and Kidney Health Institute - Khis
- Subjects
Male ,Myocardial Infarction ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Angina ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Risk Factors ,cardiovascular disease ,Diabetic Nephropathies ,Life Tables ,RISK ,OUTCOMES ,Proteinuria ,diabetes ,PROTEINURIA ,VASCULAR-DISEASE ,Middle Aged ,Hospitalization ,Losartan ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Cardiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,albuminuria ,Nephropathy ,Double-Blind Method ,Physiology (medical) ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Angina, Unstable ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,Creatinine ,HYPERTENSION ,business.industry ,MORTALITY ,angiotensin ,medicine.disease ,RANDOMIZED-TRIAL ,RENAL-DISEASE ,chemistry ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Heart failure ,Albuminuria ,LOSARTAN ,business ,Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ,CONVERTING-ENZYME-INHIBITOR ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background— Albuminuria is an established risk marker for both cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Albuminuria can be reduced with drugs that block the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We questioned whether the short-term drug-induced change in albuminuria would predict the long-term cardioprotective efficacy of RAS intervention. Methods and Results— We analyzed data from Reduction in Endpoints in Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL), a double-blind, randomized trial in 1513 type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, focusing on the relationship between the prespecified cardiovascular end point (composite) or hospitalization for heart failure and baseline or reduction in albuminuria. Patients with high baseline albuminuria (≥3 g/g creatinine) had a 1.92-fold (95% CI, 1.54 to 2.38) higher risk for the cardiovascular end point and a 2.70-fold (95% CI, 1.94 to 3.75) higher risk for heart failure compared with patients with low albuminuria ( Conclusions— Albuminuria is an important factor predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Reducing albuminuria in the first 6 months appears to afford cardiovascular protection in these patients.
- Published
- 2004