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Showing total 58 results
Start Over Publication Year Range Last 10 years Language dutch; flemish Publication Type eBooks
58 results

1. Chapter Luchtalarm! Gas!

Author

Breukers, Jos

Subjects
gas mask, people’s mask, air attack, air raid precautions services, poison gas, mustard gas, thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands, thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch, thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
Abstract

Since poison gas was used during World War I, long-range bombers had been introduced and tensions were rising in Europe, the Air Raid Precautions Act was passed in the Netherlands in 1936. The legislation emphasised individual responsibility for self-protection. This meant that citizens had to buy a gas mask themselves. The Gas Mask Decree (1937) required all gas mask models for Civil Defence units and civilians to be approved by the Dutch State Arsenal. Facepieces and filter canisters had to be marked with the State Acceptance Number and year(s) of approval and production. This paper identifies and describes the gas masks used by police, fire brigades, Civil Defence units and individual citizens, 1931-1940. Three models are heavy, regular Army box respirators, whose filter containers are worn in a haversack on the chest. All the other models are lighter civilian gas masks, with an easily replaceable screw-on filter canister attached to the facepiece. The gas masks were carried in a basic satchel or cylindrical metal case. Two Dutch-made gas masks have a peculiar design: the Veritex gas mask’s facepiece has a swimcap type hood; the Hevea-Electro Model 128 gas mask’s facepiece has no outlet valve. Air is inhaled and exhaled through the filter canister.

Published
2024
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2. Kritische Nabeschouwingen

Author

LANTING, J.N., VAN, MET BIJDRAGEN, VAN DER PLICHT, J., VAN DER SANDEN, W.A.B., VAN DER WAALS, J.D., LANTING, J.N., VAN, MET BIJDRAGEN, VAN DER PLICHT, J., VAN DER SANDEN, W.A.B., and VAN DER WAALS, J.D.

Published
2016

4. Europees burgerschap in de klas : Casussen voor mondige EU-burgers

Author

Galle, Griet, Grimonprez, Kris, Challet, Celia, Claes, Ellen, Colpaert, Caranina, De Meu, Roel, Forderer, Susi, Garben, Sacha, Lenaerts, Koen, Samyn, Randy, Theus, Willem, Vavourakis, Flore, Van Nuffel, Piet, Willems, Kurt, Adriaens, Kobe, Bouten, Arnaud, D’Joos, Eline, Van Reempts, Fien, Verheyen, Arne, Galle, Griet, Grimonprez, Kris, Challet, Celia, Claes, Ellen, Colpaert, Caranina, De Meu, Roel, Forderer, Susi, Garben, Sacha, Lenaerts, Koen, Samyn, Randy, Theus, Willem, Vavourakis, Flore, Van Nuffel, Piet, Willems, Kurt, Adriaens, Kobe, Bouten, Arnaud, D’Joos, Eline, Van Reempts, Fien, and Verheyen, Arne

Published
2022

38. Europa waakt : Vrijheidsbeneming onder toezicht van het Europese antifoltercomité

Author

Daems, Tom, Parmentier, Stephan, Aertsen, I., Daems, T., Maesschalck, J., Panzavolta, M., Paoli, L., Parmentier, S., Pleysier, S., Put, J., Spriet, B., Van Daele, D., Verbruggen, F., Verstraeten, R., Vervaeke, G., Daems, Tom, Parmentier, Stephan, Aertsen, I., Daems, T., Maesschalck, J., Panzavolta, M., Paoli, L., Parmentier, S., Pleysier, S., Put, J., Spriet, B., Van Daele, D., Verbruggen, F., Verstraeten, R., and Vervaeke, G.

Published
2018
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