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Purpose of Review Tuberculosis (TB), caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a major publichealth threat globally. Several lines of evidence support a rolefor host genetic factors in resistance/susceptibility to TB diseaseand MTB infection. However, results across candidategene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are largelyinconsistent, so a cohesive genetic model underlying TBrisk has not emerged.Recent Findings Despite the difficulties in identifying consistentgenetic associations, genetic studies of TB and MTB infectionhave revealed a few well-documented loci. Thesewell-validated genes are presented in this review, but thereremains a large gap in how these genes translate into betterunderstanding of TB. To address this, we present a pathwaybasedextension of standard association analyses, seeding theresults with the best validated genes from candidate gene andGWAS studies.Summary Several pathways were significantly enriched usingpathway analyses that may help to explain population patternsof TB risk. In conclusion, we advocate for novel approaches tothe study of host genetic analysis of TB that extend traditionalassociation approaches.