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The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in the use of radioactive iodine in the treatment of benign thyroid disease in Denmark. A questionnaire was distributed to all departments in Denmark which administer radioiodine in the treatment of benign thyroid disease (n = 20). Radioiodine is used for patients with toxic nodular goitre and for patients with relapse of toxic diffuse goitre. Four departments did not use radioiodine for volume reduction in non-toxic goitre. Patient informations included very different recommendations regarding cautions in relation to radioiodine treatment. Radioiodine is widely used in the treatment of benign thyroid disease. We recommend a national standardization of the cautions in relation to radioiodine treatment.