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Bakgrunn: Mobil intensivsykepleier (MIS) er et relativt nytt tilbud på norske sykehus, inspirert av ulike typer rapid response systems (RRS) som er etablert i flere land. Det finnes forskning fra andre land som har sett på ulike MIS-lignende sammensetninger av RRS, men det er gjort få studier i norsk kontekst på hvilke erfaringer sykepleiere på sengepost har med bruk av MIS. Forskning på dette kan være nyttig både for sengeposter og intensivavdelinger med tanke på eventuell videre utvikling av tjenesten på sykehus i Norge. Hensikt: Undersøke og beskrive sykepleieres erfaringer med bruk av MIS på sengepost og hvordan de opplever samhandlingen mellom MIS og sykepleier. Metode: Eksplorativt design med bruk av kvalitativ metode. Sykepleiere fra fire sengeposter på et mellomstort sykehus i Norge ble rekruttert til studien vinteren 2021/2022. Ti sykepleiere som hadde erfaring med bruk av MIS ble inkludert og deltok i til sammen tre fokusgruppeintervju. Datamaterialet ble analysert ved bruk av tematisk analyse inspirert av Braun og Clarke. Resultater: Fire hovedtema ble identifisert: «MIS som et lavterskeltilbud»; «Sykepleiere erfarte forskjellige roller i samhandling med MIS»; «MIS bruker sin kompetanse på en måte som oppleves støttende»; «MIS bygger tillit ved å følge opp pasientsituasjoner». Konklusjon: MIS bidrar med kompetanse og støtte til sykepleiere på sengepost, samt oppfølging i etterkant av tilsyn. Uklare kriterier for bruk av MIS og uklar rolleforståelse mellom MIS og sykepleier kan påvirke tjenesten negativt. Det bør forskes mer på ulike sammensetninger av RRS for å finne ut hvilke som er best egnet på norske sykehus. ENGLISH ABSTRACT Background: Mobile Intensive Care Nurse (MICN) is a relatively new service in Norwegian hospitals, inspired by different Rapid Response Systems (RRS) that are established in multiple countries. Former research has studied different RRS-teams comparable with MICN, but there are few studies reported from a Norwegian context concerning staff nurses’ experiences with the use of MICN. Research on this could be of interest for the further development of the service in Norway. Aim: To explore and describe staff nurses’ experiences with the use of MICN and how they experience collaboration with the MICN. Methods: Explorative design with use of qualitative method. Staff nurses from four different wards at a midsize hospital in Norway, were recruited for the study during the winter of 2021/2022. Ten staff nurses with experience with the use of MICN were included, and participated in three focus groups. Thematic analysis, inspired by Braun and Clarke, was used to analyze the data. Results: Four main themes were identified: “MICN as a low-threshold service;” “Nurses experienced different roles in the interaction with MICN;” “MICN use their expertise in a way that is perceived as supportive;” “MICN appears trustworthy by offering patient follow- ps.” Conclusion: MICN contributes with special expertise and support to staff nurses as well as patient follow-ups. Undefined criteria for the use of MICN and unclear role understanding between MICN and staff nurses can affect the interaction negatively. Further research should study the use of different constellations of RRS in order to find the best suitable for Norwegian hospitals.

What happened in the hinterland? A batch study of early bucket-shaped pots from the 4th and 5th centuries AD in Southwest Norway

Abstract Fra høsten 2019 har forkursene for ingeniørutdanning ved UiT-Norges arktiske universitet deltatt i prosjektet «Sammen 2021» der målet er å bedre gjennomstrømmingen og øke rekrutteringen til ingeniørstudiene gjennom å forbedre studieopplegget og læringsprosessene i alle fagene på forkursene. Forkurs/realfagskurs tilbys i dag ved studiestedene Alta, Tromsø, Narvik og Bodø. Tidligere har lokale lærere ved de ulike studiestedene vært autonome og i stor grad laget opplegg og tilrettelagt for læring gjennom tradisjonell klasseromsundervisning. Graden av samarbeid på tvers av studiestedene har stort sett begrenset seg til felles heldagsprøver rundt semesterslutt. I prosjektet har de ca. 20 faglærerne dannet grupper på tvers av studiesteder innen hvert fag og både sammen og hver for seg utviklet digitale læringsressurser (forelesninger, oppgaver, selvrettende tester, animasjoner m.m.) som fortløpende er tatt i bruk i undervisningen. De utviklede ressursene er stilt til disposisjon for alle lærerne som dermed kan velge opplegg fra en stadig økende base av faglige opplegg. Som en del av prosjektet har det vært tatt i bruk ulike typer teknologi til produksjon av læringsressurser, og det har også blitt gitt felles kursing innen blant annet produksjon og bruk av film og LMS. Det er en forutsetning at det i prosjektet skal legges til rette for mer studentaktiv læring. 1,5 år ut i prosjektet har studenter og faglærere svart på spørreundersøkelser for å kartlegge erfaringer og synspunkter på prosjektet. Resultatene viser at faglærerne i hovedsak vektlegger økt samarbeid med kollegaer og økt egenkompetanse innen produksjon av digitale læremidler som positive utfall av prosjektet. Studentenes respons til en blanding av digital undervisning utenfor klasserommet i kombinasjon med fellestimer i klasserommet er overveiende positiv. Studentene peker på mangel på sosial kontakt med andre studenter og vanskeligheter med å få hjelp av lærer utenfor klasserommet som negative aspekter ved digital læring.

Abilities to learn through embodied interactions with environments are biologically imprinted in both humans and many other species in order to preserve survival of the species. By combining data from studies with young children’s and a foal’s (a newborn horse’s) experiential learning, the author shows how both humans and other-than-human learn thought self-initiated actions, embodied intra-action with their environments and considerate choices of action. The article suggests that a justification of embodied learning as crucial for survival across species could motivate deconstruction of dualisms between embodied and verbal, between human and other-than-human, and promote more holistic understanding of learning. In the times of emerging ecological challenges, embodied forms learning can cultivate ecological awareness and provide conditions for education for ecological sustainability.

During the last decade, hobbyist metal detecting has increased in Norway, and causes both issues and opportunities for archaeological research and heritage management. Metal objects found in the plough-zone present important issues for both archaeological research and heritage management. In this paper, I review recent papers discussing hobbyist metal detecting in Norway. The main objective is to identify regulations, focuses and attitudes regarding hobbyist metal detecting, and to define the most important issues brought up by the discussants. Discussants seem to either emphasise protection of plough-zone finds, or problematise the relation between hobbyist metal detecting and protection of automatically protected sites. I suggest discussants should focus on a larger topic – the purpose of in situ protection of invisible sites in the plough-zone.

Aim: Health-related information is easily accessible on the internet, and a high proportion of the Norwegian population use the internet for health-related queries. This paper reports from a study of how people search, evaluate and act upon this information. E-Health literacy is used as theoretical framework. Material and method: The Norwegian data is drawn from an international comparative study with a mixed method design; two surveys and qualitative interviews with 16 participants. The material is thematically analysed. Results: E-Health literacy refers to the ability to seek, appraise and apply health information from electronic sources. The participants had high competence in information seeking, but low education corresponded with low appraisal skills. The application of internet based health information did not correspond with education level. Internet searches served different purposes: uncertainty, assisting others, information needs, or sensitive topics. The participants crosschecked the information against authoritative sources; and discussed it with family, friends or health professionals. Conclusion: The participants had high competence in information seeking, but differed in capacity to appraise their finds. Physiotherapists should acknowledge patients’ internet competencies and utilise their desire to learn as a resource for treatment and empowerment.

Krister Stendahl's famous 1963 article inspired Fredriksen's own academic journey. Stendahl had emphasized the historical Paul's robust conscience (Phil. 3:6), his apostolic turning as a call rather than a "conversion," and his eschatological conviction that God's kingdom would arrive in the apostle's own lifetime as the impetus for his mission. So how did the energetic Paul of history become the tormented Paul of Luther, simul iustus et peccator? Stendahl had named Augustine, and his Confessions, "the first great document in the history of the introspective conscience" as the source of Luther's Paul. Fredriksen challenges this idea, reading Confessions not as "autobiography" but as a theology creatively repurposing "the calm inner gazing of late Roman Neoplatonism." Augustine does not sow the seed of Luther's tormented apostle, she argues, until he rages, in his old age, against Pelagius. Fredriksen ends by returning, with Stendahl, to the issue of Paul's energetic eschatology, and to Stendahl's brave acknowledgement that God's kingdom, by Paul's count, is 2 000 years late. "No kerygmatic gamesmanship," he insisted, "can overcome that simple fact." Good theology, Stendahl urged, depends on honest history; and to commit to that endeavor "is to be a true son or daughter of the Reformation."

Hensikten med denne studien er å studere hvordan bruk av kvalitative forskningsmetoder kan skape faglig forståelse og innsikt hos studenter i helsefaglige videreutdanninger. Med utgangspunkt i en fenomenologiskhermeneutisk tilnærming og et sosiokulturelt perspektiv, blir det diskutert hvordan det kan etableres en læringssituasjon der undervisning i kvalitative forskningsmetoder kan knyttes til studentenes erfaringsverden. Det sentrale i diskusjonen er hvordan man kan skape forståelse og interesse for forskningsmetodenes betydning i kunnskapsutvikling og fagutøvelse. Diskusjonen omhandler læringsprosesser og sosiale konstruksjoner, taus kunnskap og verbalisering av minner, fra teoretisk innføring til praktisk anvendelse, samt reviewmetodikk som kommunikasjonsform. I diskusjonen benyttes empiriske funn fra et undervisningsprosjekt om kvalitative forskningsmetoder i en helsefaglig videreutdanning. De empiriske funnene benyttes som illustrasjoner i diskusjonen. Nøkkelord: Sosiokulturelt perspektiv, fenomenologisk-hermeneutikk, læring, forskningsmetoder, videreutdanning

The aim of this study is to describe how women experience the difficult balancing act of caring for old and frail parents, managing their professional careers and taking care of their own families. Life expectancy has increased in the western world since World War Two, leading to an increasing number of elderly, and elderly with health problems, in need of care and assistance. Additional, health care reforms reguire the elderly to continue to live in their own homes for as long as possible. Traditionally the daughters often end up with carrying the heaviest load of caring for their parents, with all emotional and physical strains entailed, these two facts creates an additional burden on top of t their regular responsibilities regarding family life and career. A qualitative approach was used which includes deep interweaves and hermeneutic analysis. Analyzing the present material we come up with seven sub-themes, and these seven sub-themes crystallized into three main themes: the moral obligations, the anguish and feelings and personal health.

This text presents empirical and interpretative methodological inquiry in a study of young children’s interplay with three-dimensional (3D) materials in early childhood educational settings. Recent acknowledgement of young children as competent individuals challenges forms of research with them. Respecting their views and competence demands that they are treated as actors and not objects of research. At the same time, young children are vulnerable and need to be protected from harm, for example when they use tools. This combination of children’s competence and vulnerability challenges research ethics and methods. This article discusses the following question: How to conduct ethical and valid research in sloyd education with young children?The study was carried out in a Norwegian Early Childhood Education Centre, ECEC, using a multiple case study approach. To be able to understand young children’s experiences, the researcher positioned herself inside the educational contexts taking the role of an A/R/T-ographer. Ten case contexts were conducted, in which pairs of different children played with 3D-materials. The cases were filmed and the video-material was analyzed both contextually and in a cross-case manner.Keywords: method, sloyd, early childhood education, video observation, three-dimensional materialsURN:NBN:no-29956

This article suggests that the process of meaning making is closely related to embodied experience and social interaction. The article is based on a study of specific contexts of visual arts education with 3–5 year old children. The study aims to enlarge understanding of relationships between children’s experience with three-dimensional (3-D) materials and their meaning-making processes. Empirical data were collected through observations of children’s play and video documentation of interactions between a practitioner-researcher and pairs of children. The data were analysed through interpretative, contextual, arts-based inquiry, and the findings were presented in the form of vignettes. Two vignettes with 3-year-old boys are presented in this article, in order to discuss how the boys’ explorative play with 3-D materials formed the basis for their experience, problem solving, imaginative response, multimodal expressions and meaning making. It is further suggested that the children’s new understandings emerge from the ‘meetings’ between their past and new experiences, stimulated by the 3-D material’s affordances and resistance.

Hensikten med denne studien er å studere hvordan 15-åringer opplever overvekt hos jevnaldrende. Datamaterialet består av dybdeintervju med syv ungdommer. Det er benyttet fenomenologisk-hermeneutisk analyse. Ungdommene opplever å stå i en posisjon mellom makt og avmakt. I denne mellomposisjonen framkommer det at ungdommene distanserer seg ved hjelp av relasjonell makt, men samtidig setter de seg selv i en avmaktssituasjon i forhold til ungdomskulturens spilleregler. Ungdommene moraliserer ved å skape en situasjon hvor de underkjenner overvektige, samtidig mangler de ytterligere sanksjoneringsmuligheter. Rangordninger skapes gjennom at ungdommene degraderer overvektige, men de må selv også innordne seg i egen kultur. Ungdommene fratar overvektige sitt menneskeverd gjennom å redusere menneskelige egenskaper og gjør dem til objekt. Gjennom denne objektiviseringen setter de seg selv utenfor det å få tak i overvektiges refleksjons- og erfaringsgrunnlag.

In Norway there is a rising concern for the health status of the population as the average weight in the adult population Norway has increased over the last few decades. A similar trend is found among children and adolescents in other countries, with an increasing number of overweight and obesity. This paper is a review of the probable causes of obesity in childhood and adolescents. The issue of how physical activity may affect the development of obesity is discussed, together with the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases as adults. In contrast to what has been observed in other countries an increase in average weight among children and adolescents in Norway over the last decades has not been recorded. There are several confounding factors that make it more difficult to determine the impact of physical activity on weight-control in children than in adults. Nevertheless, most studies conclude that physical activity level is an important determinant of body weight control and may to some extent reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Physical activity in children and adolescents should be emphasised in the prevention of obesity and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.