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Chronic itch occurs frequently and is a highly distressing symptom, which is associated with a large variety of cutaneous, neuropathic and systemic conditions. The recent advancements in our understanding of itch transmission enables a coherent approach to antipruritic treatment in various common diseases, but accurate diagnosis remains vital. Based on the International Forum for the Study of Itch 2007 classification system this review summarises the first rational clinically based approach to categorising chronic itch conditions. Furthermore, the antipruritic treatment options available for each of the major four aetiological itch condition subcategories are presented.

Chronic itch is an annoying and disabling symptom that severely affects patients' quality of life in several dermatological as well as non-dermatological disorders. Chronic itch may be maintained and even aggravated by sensitization of peripheral and central neuronal structures. The possibilities to effectively relieve chronic itch are often limited and the need of more specific, effective and quick-acting treatment options is huge. This review summarizes the fundamental aspects of itch, the neuronal transmission and modulation of itch, and discusses new treatment opportunities.

From July 2012, a classification code for multiple chemical sensitivity has been available in the Danish healthcare classification system. The overall purpose is to register hospital contacts in Denmark. The diagnostic code is labelled "Symptoms related to chemicals and scents", DR688A1, and classified as a subcategory to "Medically unexplained symptoms", DR688A, which is a specialization of the ICD-10 code "R68.8 Other specified general symptoms and signs". The classification was decided with reference to the present lack of scientific understanding.