Search

Intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used for the maintenance treatment of some types of bladder cancer. Although rare, ocular complications can develop following intravesical BCG treatment. This is a case report of culture-positive Mycobacterium bovis BCG endophthalmitis following intravesical BCG installation. The case highlights a rare complication of BCG installation and the need for an eye examination when patients after BCG installation develop eye symptoms., (Published under Open Access CC-BY-NC-BD 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

Novel treatment strategies such as targeted therapy with mitogen-activated protein-kinase-kinase/B-Raf proto-oncogene (MEK/BRAF) inhibitors have prolonged patient survival in metastatic melanoma and are used in oncology. The combination of binimetinib og encorafenib can induce extensive bilateral neuroretinal detachments. In this case report, we present a 72-year-old female patient with this condition. Dilated fundus examination and optical coherence tomography are essential in diagnosis and monitoring of patients treated with MEK/BRAF-inhibitors. No persistent visual deficits were documented in the patient, as this condition appears to be fully reversible.

Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.

Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.