1. The discussion of science indicators in Danish knowledge policy
- Author
-
Sonne, Frederik Guy Hoff and Eskildsen, Kasper Risbjerg
- Subjects
videnskabshistorie ,videnskabssyn ,BFI ,bibliometri ,forskningspolitik ,videnspolitik ,forskningsindikatorer - Abstract
This paper is a study of the debate on science indicators in Danish knowledge policy. The study is delimited from the period 1985 to 2010, which it examines in three phases: a first phase from approximately 1985 to 1992, when the earliest Danish debates on the use of science indicators emerge. A second phase, running from approximately 1994 to 1998. During this period, major policy attempts are made to reform the distribution model of basic university funds, which constitute the backbone of the resources available to universities for research activity. A third phase, running from approximately 2005-2010. In this phase, a so-called Globalisation Strategy re-launches the debate on reforming - and extending - the basic funding allocation model with a quality indicator. The process culminates in the introduction of the Danish BFI in 2010. The paper argues that there has been a shift in the view of science through the three phases in at least four areas. First of all, the paper shows that the view on science behind the research indicators oscillates between two objectivity ideals, which can be called 'the mechanical objectivity' and 'the practiced judgment'. While the mechanical objectivity is pervasive in the three phases, the ideal of 'the practiced judgement' is nevertheless difficult to get rid of completely. The view of science also shifts from being primarily reflexive through the 1980s to being equally instrumental and reflexive through the 1990s, and finally to being almost exclusively instrumental in the 2000s. In addition, there is an axiological shift in the logic driving the discussion of introducing research indicators. In the first phase, the purpose is mainly scientific-ideological and democratic. In the second phase, it is governance and control mechanisms - a kind of New Public Management paradigm - that drives the purpose. In the third and final phase, the purpose is heavily inspired by OECD's socio-economic logic and driven by growth and innovation policy. Finally, the paper finds that the discussion on research indicators is mostly oriented towards improving research internal conditions. Although the discussion in phase three is rhetorically oriented towards improving broad societal conditions, the Danish bibliometric research indicator ends up being research-internal oriented.
- Published
- 2023