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This is a case report of the first two cases of Candida auris in Denmark. Patient 1 was known to be colonized with C. auris when transferred from a foreign hospital to a Danish hospital. The patient was isolated during the entire hospitalization and the room was thoroughly cleaned after discharge. Patient 2 who had no travel history spent five hours in the room of Patient 1 after disinfection. One month later, C. auris was found in the blood of Patient 2. Transmission from Patient 1 to Patient 2 must be suspected.

In this review, we discuss tinea capitis, which is a disease most prevalent in children and caused by dermatophytes infecting the hair and scalp. The clinical presentation varies from scaling and alopecia to inflammatory lesions with pain and pruritus. Treatment includes systemic and topical antifungal agents. Due to the aetiological shift in pathogens from zoophilic dermatophytes to anthropophilic dermatophytes, spread of the infection may occur more easily. Therefore, early disease detection and treatment of asymptomatic carriers is important to avoid epidemics.

Onychomycosis is a frequent disorder, which accounts for approximately 50% of nail changes. Many patients are treated for onychomycosis without a mycological verification being done. The patients may be in risk of being treated for a non-existent fungal infection with lack of effect and potential adverse events. This review highlights the importance of choosing the correct sampling and diagnostic methods, as genus and/or species identification is essential when choosing the optimal treatment strategies.

Onychomycosis was diagnosed in a two-year-old girl. The infection was caused by Trichophyton rubrum, which is the most frequent cause of toenail onychomycosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, microscopy and culture. She was treated with orally given terbinafine and topically given amorolfine with clinical improvement at the following control visit. Onychomycosis is rare in children, but the occurrence seems to be increasing. Medical treatment can be topical, systemic or a combination of these.

Blastocystis can be isolated from roughly 25% of patients suspected of intestinal parasitosis. At least ten subtypes (STs) have been isolated from humans and animals, and recent data demonstrate that the pathogenicity of the parasite is subtype-dependent. For instance, ST1 and ST7 are more prevalent among patients with symptoms than healthy individuals, whereas ST3 predominates among healthy carriers. The article sums up basic aspects of the parasite and gives an introduction to new data and points of criticism of previous studies seeking to unravel the pathogenicity of the parasite.