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The diploma thesis is devoted to proposal of activation methods in teaching of accruals at business academies. Firstly there is a theoretical part that deals with the subject of Accounting in general, and researches and articles focusing on activation methods or students' grades. Also, there is an analysis of a textbook that is used in teaching accounting at business academies and a factual analysis and didactic curriculum of accruals. Secondly there is a practical part of the thesis consists of pre-research, which was a base of experimental verification of selected methods in teaching of accruals at a business academy.

The diploma thesis is devoted to presentation of risks in the financial statements of the public sector entities, where the main objective is to evaluate the degree of presentation of risks in the financial statements and to assess of the current legislation and its possible amendments. The first chapter deals with the definition of the public sector and defines the term "selected accounting entity". The following chapter describes the general concept of risks, focusing on the public sector and on generally accepted principles and guidelines of accounting, in particular the conservatism. The third chapter discusses the accounting law for selected accounting entities and selected instruments of the accounting presentation of risks, including the comparison with the IAS/IFRS, IPSAS and US GAAP. The last chapter is divided to the practical parts, which the first one is based on data analysis of Central System of Accounting Information of the State (CSUIS) and the second one on the evaluation of the questionnaire survey for addressed accounting entities.

The goal of this bachelor thesis is fully describe and analyze provisions and impairment of assets in the Czech accounting system. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. Theoretical part in the first section classifies accounting, accounting principles and prudence principle from which impairment of assets and provisions proceed. Then I deal deeper with classification, posting and reporting impairment of assets and provisions in Czech accounting system. In the practical part with knowledge from the theoretical part I evaluate methods of formation impairment of assets and provisions at two manufacturing companies. One of these companies haven't got audited financial statement opposite one have audited financial statement. At the end of practical part I compare principle of creation and reporting of provisions and impairment of assets at these two companies.

Bachelor thesis disserts on provisions as an instrument of prudence principle. Initially, generally accepted principles in accounting are defined with emphasis on prudence principle and its instruments. General specification of provisions is followed by the analysis of provisions according to Czech legislation and IFRS. In accordance with Czech legislation are specified all types of provisions, and also explained conditions on which some provisions influence the tax base. In IFRS, IAS 37 deals with provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets. Thesis focuses especially on differences between them and their valuation. Eventually both Czech legislation and IFRS are compared and main differences are highlighted.

The topic of this thesis is issue of profit or loss in a company. First, we discuss a theoretical ways of defining and measuring profit or loss. In addition, attention will focus on the profit and loss statement and analysis of some of its items. Part of the thesis also deals with the taxation and profit distribution in the various business entities. In conclusion, the thesis analyzes profit or loss in a particular company.

The Bachelor thesis is focused on provisions in accounting from the point of view of Czech accounting standards and International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium-Size Entities. The main purpose is to define the basic differences between the two accounting systems in the area of provisions in accounting. Then it briefly describes the IFRS for SMEs and small and medium-sized enterprises in Czech Republic. The main differences between the accounting systems are identified on the basis of theoretical and practical comparison, in the area of provisions in accounting and also in general.

Bachelor thesis compares two views of reporting reserves, where the first sight of the reserves is presented by the Czech legislation, other view is in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. The thesis initially used in the theoretical part, where it focuses on the essential definition, classification provisions, reason for the creation of provisions, etc. In the provisions according to Czech law provisions are analyzed and their impact on the tax base in the Czech Republic. In the practical part we find examples comparing the most important differences between the two methods.

The thesis is focuses on the principle of prudence. Describes in detail the tax and accounting point of view of its instruments. The first chapter is devoted to generally accepted accounting principles and their description. Other chapters have directly target specific tools. At the end of each chapter, which is devoted to the tools of the precautionary principle, are indicative examples.

The thesis focuses on accounting and taxation system and their different approach in solving particular problems. The first part of this thesis characterizes the essence of accounting, its role and the importance for its users. It also describes the regulation of accounting, influences that contributed to the creation of a legislative framework and the accounting standards nowadays. The description of the tax system is focused on the definition of basic elements of taxes, a brief overview of the current tax system in the Czech Republic and the taxes in accounting. Particular attention is paid to differences and complications that arise from different perspective of tax and accounting system. This concerns the area of provisions, depreciation, valuation allowance and their connection with deferred tax.

The topic of this thesis is the principle of prudence. The chapters are devoted to the tools (impairment, provisions, depreciation, deferred tax). The thesis is focused on Czech legislation, but it also contains the basic view of International Financial Reporting Standards.

The paper deals with the problems of financial reporting in Switzerland. In the introduction, the reader gets the idea of the concept of regulation which is structured in two levels. Both of them are focused on more deeply in the following chapters. The first chapter analyses the regulation included in the "Commercial Code" (Obligationenrecht). Furthermore, the framework of the current Swiss commercial-law and the regulation of auditing are addressed. The second chapter focuses on the regulation based on the Swiss generally accepted accounting principles (Swiss GAAP FER), including their Conceptual Framework. The third chapter is dedicated to examples of financial reporting according to Swiss GAAP FER (presentation of financial statements, provisions).

This thesis treats of security provisions, which hotels are using to protect health and property of accommodated persons. In the opening part is caught the progress of attendance and capacities of hotels in the Czech republic during a specific time period. The next chapter focuses on possible threats, which are imminent to hotels during the operation. The third part of the thesis solves particular methods of application of security provisions, these are verified in two concrete hotels in the next chapter. In the last chapter is by the help of questionnaire research obtained and evaluated the view of clients on security during their accommodation in the hotel.

The principle of prudence in accounting is one of several generally accepted accounting principles. The need of prudence principle arises from the fact that an accounting entities are often found in situations in which they must deal with certain risks and uncertainties. The basic purpose of this principle is to not to overvalue assets and revenues and also not to undervalue liabilities and expenses. Prudence principle is realized mainly through these instruments: provisions, impairment of assets and depreciation of assets. This bachelor work focuses on the description of provisions and impairment of assets. Its aim is also to describe the provisions and impairment of assets in terms of both the Czech accounting legislation and IAS/IFRS and outline the basic differences between these legislative accounting regulations.

The thesis defines prudence principle in accounting as are impairment of assets, provisions, depreciation of assets and deferred tax. In the first part discourses about them in light of International Financial Reporting Standards and in the second part according to Czech legislation, where are also both approaches compared within the scope of the end of each chapter.

The bachelor thesis deals with the provisions issue in the Czech Republic. First it deals with the provisions in accordance with Czech legislation, including tax laws, and further discusses the various types of provisions. Then it focuses on provisions in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and compares them with Czech legislation. Individual chapters are supplemented with illustrative examples. The thesis is finished with a practical demonstration made up of provisions in the Czech company specific.

The main objective of the final thesis is to emphasise the transformation of financial statements prepared according to Czech accounting legislation to financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. There are two parts in the final thesis. The first part describes a complete set of financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, it is an obligatory part of the financial statements - Statement of financial position, Statement of comprehensive income, Statement of changes in equity, Statement of cash flows, summary of significant accounting policies, and other explanatory notes. The second part of the final thesis deals with an accuracy of the transfer Leases, Provisions and Deferred Taxes on Czech accounting legislation to International Financial Reporting Standards.

The aim of this thesis is to draw the attention to the problems in the book-keeping which are influenced by the current tax legislation and which could lead to distortion of the financial statements and therefore also to violation of the concept of true and fair view in the accounting. In this dissertation thesis following accounting transactions are emphasized: allowances for doubtful receivables, depreciation, provisions and deferred tax. These operations are often missed out or distorted in the accounting as their impact on the tax base is neutral.

The graduation theses points out the importance of provisions for business entities. Provisions, as the basic tool of prudence, contribute to cautious and fair presentation of financial information. The graduation theses mainly focuses on development in Slovak accounting legislative in this field. After a few years of development, the current state of Slovak legislative concerning provisions is very similar to the way in which International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) deal with them. At the end of the theses, there is an example of a Slovak joint stock company that originally presented financial statements according to Slovak accounting legislative and later on, chose to present them according to IFRS solely.

This master's thesis is focused on a prudence principle under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) a US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) in accounting of a reporting unit. In the first part I described the prudence principle (conservatism principle) in the general way. In the second part of this thesis I introduced impairment testing, recognition of impairment of assets and reversal of previously recognized impairment of assets under IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. It is obviously focused on recoverable amount as a fair value less costs to sell and value in use, methods of the fair value valuation, computing value in use and identifying the appropriate discount rate to apply expected future cash flows. Third chapter of this master's thesis, named "Provisions under IAS 37", is dealing with relation between provisions and contingent liabilities, initial liability measurement and subsequent applying IAS 37. There are also stated disclosure requirements under IAS 37 (as well as under IAS 36). Within the scope of this part are in detail described Exposure Draft ED/2005 and Exposure Draft ED/2010/1 published from International Accounting Standard Board IASB in 2005 and 2010 as proposal to improvement of current version of standard IAS 37. This thesis is also focused on differences between accounting principles of prudence principle in IFRS and US GAAP. Finally, in the last chapter I analysed 15 annual reports of airlines companies in the world, which present their financial statements under IFRS. The results according to impairment of assets including goodwill, provisions and disclosures of contingent liabilities are presented in the charts. This master's thesis, named "Prudence principle in generally accepted accounting systems" is completed with practical insights and cases in each of chapters.

The thesis attends to the issue of provisions as an instrument of the prudence principle in Czech legislation and in International Financial Reporting Standards. In addition to delimitation of provisions according to Czech legislation the thesis includes also listing of particular categories of provisions and tax-deductible provisions. Thereinafter, it defines provisions from IAS/IFRS point of view. The objective of the thesis is to summarise the issue and to compare regulations of provisions of both, IAS/IFRS and Czech concept.

The thesis is concerned with prudence principle in accounting - especially with provisions and impairment of assets. The thesis focuses on comparison of IAS/IFRS requirements and the czech legislation.