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According to the European Union, medication errors are among the most common adverse events connected with the provision of healthcare services. The safety of nursing care is a basic indicator of the quality of health care providers. One of the basic activities of general nurses is the preparation and administration of medicines, during which, especially in intensive care, even the slightest non-compliance can harm the patient. When preparing and administering medicines it is therefore essential that general nurses consistently follow safety regulations, internal guidelines of health care providers, recommendations of the World Health Organization and national nursing standards, which can effectively prevent potential errors. In clinical practice general nurses may not adhere to these measures for a variety of reasons, so it is important to establish and analyse them. In the theoretical part, the legislative framework for the preparation and administration of medicines in the Czech Republic is defined. This part also describes general principles of handling medicines connected with the problem of medication errors in the context of the quality of health services and defines forms of medicines and their application methods. The practical part of the paper sets out to determine what knowledge nurses working in intensive care have, whether they apply this knowledge in their work process and whether they observe failings of their colleagues relating to the preparation and administration of medicines. With this in mind, four hypotheses and six research questions were established. A quantitative method, non-standardised questionnaire technique was used to collect data. After the quantitative method, the method of qualitative investigation by observation and the technique of an in-depth semi-structured interview were conducted. The research population comprised non-medical health care workers (general nurses and paramedics) working in anaesthesiology-resuscitation departments and intensive care units of district-type hospitals. The quantitative data was processed using descriptive statistics with tables and graphs, while the qualitative data was processed using charts and diagrams.

Departures for anxious patients and patients having a panic attack are a relatively common case when it comes to prehospital care. Correct attitude and communication style are crucial for primary care and stabilization of such a patient. The theoretical part of this work is dedicated to the issue of states of anxiety and panic attacks, their symptoms, causes of emergence and ways of possible intervention in premedical care. It further covers communication with a patient and psychological intervention. The aim of this work was to find out about the awareness of paramedics concerning panic attacks and states of anxiety, how do they perceive those patients, how do they gain knowledge and skills in the area of communication with anxious and panic patients and how do they use these in action. Looked into were also the methods, with which paramedics achieve psychological stabilization of the patient, how do they handle such cases and how do the patients react to this. There was also an emphasis on communication and its influence on the patient. Research was done qualitatively in a form of semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with paramedics of the South Bohemia and Karlovy Vary regions. Set goals were fulfilled by the research. It has been shown that each of these case sis very individual, for this reason it was often difficult for the paramedics to form their answers to be generally valid. When it comes to knowledge and handling the situations alone, the paramedics draw on their own experiences, because their awareness in this area has shown itself to be very superficial. Despite this, their practical and communication skills are on a very good level. I firmly hope that both the theoretical and practical information contained in this work will find their use and will eventually serve the paramedics or anyone else, to whom it may be useful in any way, either to gain information or practical use. I believe, that modern technological possibilities, such as programs offering practical methods for effective providing of first psychological aid, will find their use even in the field of premedical care.

The bachelor thesis on the topic of Pharmacotherapy in pre-hospital emergency care from the perspective of a paramedic is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the competencies of paramedics, individual drug groups that are used in pre-hospital emergency care and are part of emergency medical service vehicles. Three goals were set for the bachelor thesis. The first goal was to map the paramedic´s knowledge of pharmacotherapy. The second goal was to map the knowledge and procedure of paramedics about the possibilities of pharmacotherapy administration without the indication of an emergency medical service doctor. The third goal was to map the knowledge and procedure of paramedics about the possibilities of pharmacotherapy administration based on the indication of an emergency medical service physician. A qualitative research survey using the technique of semi-structured interview was carried out. Interviews were conducted with 14 paramedics of the South Bohemian Region Emergency Medical Service from the regional centres of Prachatice, Strakonice, Tábor, Písek, Český Krumlov, České Budějovice and Jindřichův Hradec. The results of the work say that the interviewed paramedics have enough knowledge in the issue of pharmacotherapy in pre-hospital emergency care, in which they are well oriented, both in drug groups and in indications and dosage. Paramedics know their competences, but they sometimes consciously exceed them.

The bachelor's thesis is focused on surgical procedures in pre-hospital emergency care within solving reversible causes. The bachelor's thesis consists of a theoretical and research part. At the beginning of theoretical part, I deal with surgical procedures that belong to the environment of pre-hospital emergency care and describe their division, indications, risks and practical procedure for their application. I also describe traumatic circulatory arrest and extended cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In other chapters of the work, I deal with patient monitoring and examination, which is important for revealing reversible causes. I discuss the need for analgesia in pre-hospital care, and the last chapter focuses on the importance of maintaining an aseptic environment and risk sepsis. The research part covers qualitative research in the form of a semi-structured interview, while the research team consisted of 9 paramedics from the South Bohemian Region. The aim of the research was to map the indication and risks of surgical procedures in the conditions of pre-hospital emergency care. Another aim was to find out what awareness and experience the paramedics of the South Bohemian Region have in this issue. All research questions were answered and the aims of the thesis were fulfilled. The research found that the experience and knowledge of the paramedics at the various sites are very similar, the paramedics are sufficiently familiar with the issue, while the station in Jindřichův Hradec is objectively slightly better. This work could be used as study material in the education of paramedic students or for the self-education of paramedics.

The Bachelor thesis concerns problematic behaviour of patients in pre-hospital care, the paramedics in South Bohemian region were questioned. The theoretical part describes different types of causes and expressions of problematic communication. In detail it concerns alcohol and addictive substances, which are the main cause of aggressive behaviour. The theoretical part also presents a legislative support which regards the paramedics´ work. The practical part ascertains how many paramedics have dealt with patients´ problematic behaviour in pre-hospital care, or more precisely with an aggressive behaviour. The paramedics were questioned whether they have felt prepared for this kind of behaviour, whether they would like to gain a further education in this particular area and whether they have felt a sufficient support in legislation.

The topic of this bachelor thesis is Medical documentation in pre-hospital care. This work was divided into two parts. The first part was theoretical, the second practical research. In the theoretical part, the emergency medical service is described with its basic elements and history. Furthermore, the issue of medical documentation was described in general view with its most important aspects. In the last part, the pre-hospital medical documentation service was described by actual examples. Four goals were set in the practical part. The first was to find out the opinion of paramedics on the documentation they are filling and writing as a part of the prehospital care. The second goal was to find out the opinion of paramedics on this documentation in case of need to prove their lege artis procedure. The third goal was to find out the benefits of changes of the software that is used to manage medical documentation. The last goal was to find out how this documentation is subsequently used in the hospital after the handover. The method of qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews was chosen for the practical part. The research samples for the first two goals consisted of 12 paramedics, each of whom was asked 19 main questions, additional subquestions were asked in a case the interview led to them. For the third goal, the research sample consisted of 8 informants, who were asked 6 main questions, which were also developed appropriately by additional subquestions if needed. For the last goal there was research sample of 5 informants from the ranks of nurses in the hospitals. The goal of the research is to point out the most important matters of the pre-hospital documentation that is filled in by the paramedics and their opinion on the changes that were made during last year. The work can serve as a basis for possible changes in the management of medical documentation in the conditions of the emergency medical services.

The subject of my bachelor thesis is to compare the conditions of Paramedic´s work in the Czech Republic and in the Republic of Latvia. The main goal is to examine the differences in the emergence of the paramedic position, also the competencies of paramedics in both countries and the organization of cooperation with other rescue services. In the theoretical part I deal with the examination of pre-hospital emergency care systems and it´s structures along with professional and legal aspects of paramedic education in these countries. This theses dedicates special atenttion to examining historical aspects of the development of both republics and its similarities and differences regarding health care systems, rescue systems and the conditions these systems have on its workers. Another key point this theses is focused on is the education level of paramedics which creates the base for the differences in competencies. In the practical part the Bachelor thesis examines the current knowledge of rescue systems, which has a significant influence on the security and work conditions ot the Czech and Latvian medical rescuers. This is mainly a comparison of the geographical and social influences, organisational and regulatory factors, the conditions of operating security for the two health emergency services. In addition, an assessment is made of the approaches and differences in the practical application of the integrated rescue system standards In line with established research issues, this thesis focuses mainly on the comparasion of competencies of medical rescuers and the way in which pre-hospital care is provided in the Czech Republic and in Latvia, which will be carried out by an analysis of the interviews, decisive legal norms, regulations, analytical and methodological documents in the field of health care and medical rescue services in both Republics. The results of the examination shall be supported by the personal knowledge of the processor obtained during the course of the study practice at the Riga Medical Emergency Service during the February-April 2022 period. This work points out, by comparing the practice in the Czech Republic and the Republic of Latvia, the possibilities of enriching the process of training future medical rescues by the wider introduction of practical teaching throughout the course of higher education. The results of the work can be used for presentation at conferences, and to familiarize executives and trainers with the views of health rescuers

This bachelor's thesis concerns the sports training of students in the paramedics' fields at Czech universities. Nowadays, a paramedic is physically stressed by using the instrumentation technics, which are a part of the Medical Rescue Service vehicles, and manipulating patients. The university students have been prepared not only by obtaining knowledge but also by physical preparations. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the empirical parts. The theoretical part defines the work of a paramedic and the base part of the Integrated Rescue System. Moreover, it deals with a theory of sports achievement, the content of the sports preparation, and the sports courses in the Paramedic fields at the University of South Bohemia. The empirical part was performed by the quantitative method of the survey, by an own questionnaire technique. The research samples come from students in the Paramedic field at particular Czech universities. The survey aimed to analyze the content of the sports preparation and to find out the subjective evaluation of the severity of the sports preparation and the physical readiness of the students. There are two hypotheses. H2: The subjective assessment of the demandingness of the sports preparation is different at particular Czech universities, and H3: The subjective assessment of the physical readiness for the sports preparation in the Paramedic field is the same for both men and women. There is a specific research question for the first aim, which asked about differences in contents of the sports preparation in particular universities in the Czech Republic. The investigative survey detected that according to the students' evaluations, the severity of the sports preparation differs among the Czech universities. Moreover, differences between males and females, were evaluated without significant distinction. Differences in the content of the sports preparation among the particular universities are not considerable. This bachelor's thesis may work as a proposal for adjusting the accreditation in the Paramedic field at the Czech universities.

This thesis deals with an emergency incident in which a burn trauma occurred in a large number of people. The theoretical part of the thesis describes both the legal framework of emergencies and especially the recommended procedures of the components of the Integrated Rescue System for dealing with this type of emergency. A large part of the theoretical part of the thesis and the whole practical part is focused on the procedure of the emergency medical service. The document shows how burns are treated from the point of view of emergency medicine, but also from the point of view of disaster medicine. The practical part of the work responds to the Concept of dealing with an emergency with a large number of patients with thermal injuries in the Czech Republic, published by the Ministry of Health in 2020. I focused on how paramedics know it. Does their knowledge affect the length of practice or the level of their acquaintance with the Concept? I found out using questionnaires filled out by 42 rescuers from different regions.

The bachelor's thesis discusses the treatment of a newborn after birth in pre-hospital care. In order to elaborate the bachelor's thesis, four objectives were defined. The first objective was to find out how paramedics prepare themselves for taking care of the newborn. The second objective was to record how they handle the situationS psychologically when it comes to the newborn care at fieldwork itself. Furthermore, the third objective ascertained the procedure of the newborn treatment by paramedics in pre-hospital care. Last but not least, the fourth objective was to explore the procedure of a premature newborn treatment. Four research questions were chosen for the research part of the thesis. The first research question dealt with how paramedics prepare themselves for taking care of newborns. The second research question carried out how stressful treating a newborn is for paramedics. The third research question examined the process of treating a newborn. The last research question discusses the treatment procedure in case of the premature newborn. This work highlights the importance of education and implementation of the defined procedure of the newborn treatment in pre-hospital care, as well as the implementation of the most essential interventions which leads to the correct adaptation of the newborn to the new environment. The bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter deals with the legal definition of the emergency medical treatment services, pre-hospital emergency care and the profession of a paramedic itself. The competences of a paramedic as well as further educational possibilities are discussed here. In the second chapter, the issue of the childbirth is introduced alongside the labour process itself, its classification, and particular stages. It is complemented by the process of the childbirth and the treatment of the newborn in a health facility as well. The third chapter deals with the childbirth in pre-hospital care. The fourth chapter discusses the various complications that can arise during the birth. The last one describes the care of the pathological newborn and the process of a resuscitation. In the second part of the thesis a qualitative research was applied. The research sample consisted of 8 paramedics who had encountered a newborn after the birth at least once.

The initial part of this bachelor thesis gives a brief survey of the history of emergency medical services. The following section deals with paramedic education and the possibilities of further paramedic education, whether in the form of a follow-up master's degree or further specialization after graduation from university. Attention is also given to individual character traits of paramedics and the prerequisites for this profession. I explore the various types of difficulties paramedics may encounter during their professional careers. I also deal with the negative effects of the profession on the paramedics in the form of burnout syndrome and its phases. The aims of this thesis include finding out how patients generally perceive the work of paramedics, whether patients have possibly gained negative experience in contact with paramedics and also how the patients' views of this profession were affected by the Covid 19 pandemic. For the research part, qualitative research was chosen, using semi-structured interviews consisting of 15 questions. Five respondents were chosen for research in this thesis, with regard to their age and education. Data collection took place in February and March 2022. Before starting the research, the respective respondents were contacted and asked whether they agreed to participate. They were informed in advance that their personal data would not be disclosed. Following their consent, their interviews were recorded on a voice recorder. After conversion into written text files, the original recordings were deleted. After the research has been completed and the collected data processed, I came to the conclusion that all the initial research questions were answered and the research goals were met. I have found that, except for a few situations, the view of the ambulance service and paramedic work is generally positive. In one of the five cases, the negative experience of paramedic work was prompted mainly by the crew's behaviour, not by an impression that the crew did not know what to do. The research also revealed that the paramedic profession is associated mainly with ambulance service, rather than hospital emergency departments or anaesthesiology and resuscitation departments.

This bachelor thesis deals with the inspection of medical devices and material equipment in a rescue service car. Inspection is one of the work duties that a paramedic must complete during the work shift. An insufficient inspection might lead to the failure of medical devices or the lack of material equipment necessary during the shift. Due to the increasing number of rescue trips, it may sometimes be difficult to do the inspection between each trip. In the theoretical part I outlined the legislation pertaining rescue services, the requirements for the equipment of the cars, dividing the rescue trip groups. I also described the devices and materials that the paramedics use. The goal of this thesis was to record the duration, process and competence during the inspection of medical devices and material equipment. I also focused on the most hazardous instances in the event of an insufficient inspection. The practical part was done using the semi-structured interview method with nine paramedics. The results state that in most cases paramedics have enough time to do the inspection of devices and equipment during the shift, even if the inspection is slow. However, due to the nature of this profession, the time of the inspection, as well as its duration, cannot be planned ahead. The best conclusion would be to shorten the time needed for the inspection to a minimum while having the highest possible quality of the inspection. I also found out that paramedics do different kinds of inspections, which they do on their own and are responsible for. The last part of the research has showed that paramedics consider the failure of medical devices as the most dangerous. Given the minimal instances of a device failure during a rescue trip, I believe that paramedics give the most importance to this part of the inspection.

This bachelor thesis is concerned with the topic of palliative care in the context of paramedic services. The basic feature of palliative care is the amelioration of care for patients whose curative treatment has been replaced by palliative treatment. The topic is actual because today paramedics visit palliative patients more often. The main goal of the thesis is to learn how paramedics discern the needs of palliative patients. In the thesis, paramedics' knowledge about possibilities of delivering palliative care is researched, as well as their psychical readiness for visits of palliative patients. Research questions are: "What needs of palliative patients employees of paramedic services discern?", "What possibilities of delivering palliative care these employees know?", "How do employees of paramedic services feel about their psychical readiness for visits of palliative patients?" The thesis contains theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical one defines palliative care and differentiate among palliative patients' needs, and among kinds of delivering palliative care. It analyses possibilities of palliative care delivering in the South Bohemian Region and questions of the confrontation of paramedic services with palliative medicine. The empirical part provides a qualitive research analysis that uses semi-structured interviews with chosen paramedics. Answers to the research questions result from experience of paramedics with the chosen topic and reflect their views on it. Palliative care is perceived as a difficult subject by them that better needs to be dealt with. In light of the confrontation with scholarly literature about the phenomenon of palliative care, chosen paramedics have good knowledge of possibilities of delivering palliative care, as well as of palliative patients' needs. In addition, they declare that they are psychically ready for visits of these patients, yet some more demanding visits happen in the case of infant and younger patients.

In this bachelor thesis I am dealing with a question of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paramedic 's work in prehospital emergency care. In the theoretical part I am mentioning the COVID-19 disease itself. Furthermore, concepts of prehospital emergency care including emergency operations centre, paramedics, and specifics of their work during the pandemic of COVID-19 are defined. Concepts from the field of human needs are also included in the thesis. And because of the COVID-19 psychological impact on paramedics the issue of burnout syndrome is mentioned too. The research part consists of a qualitative research based on a semi-structured interview. The research sample are employees of the medical rescue service from the Vysočina Region with at least 2 years of working experience. The first goal of this thesis is to find out in which work activities the pandemic of COVID-19 has affected paramedics in providing prehospital emergency care. The second goal is to find out if paramedics perceive a difference between providing prehospital emergency care to patients before the pandemic and during the pandemic of COVID-19. The final goal of the thesis is to find out what fields of human needs paramedics are not satisfied in providing prehospital emergency care during the pandemic of COVID-19. Results of the bachelor thesis will be given to the Chief Executive of the Vysočina Region Medical Rescue Service to show support to their employees not only during the pandemic of COVID-19.

The topic of the bachelor's thesis is the Preparedness of medical ambulances on Covid19. Three research objectives were set. First, to map both the initial and the current work experience of paramedics with calls throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, to investigate the material preparedness of the emergency medical services for Covid-19 and third, to study the methods of health care offered by paramedics to the Covid-19 positive patients. In addition, three research questions were identified, which were answered during the research survey. The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis examines the Emergency Medical Services, and then it focuses on infectious diseases and the process of disease spreading, followed by highly dangerous diseases that are similar to Covid-19. The work also introduces the history, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The work does not forget the pandemic plan of the Czech Republic and the preparedness of medical ambulances for Covid-19. The practical part was carried out by using a qualitative method of semi-structured interview, which contained 27 questions. The research group was created by 10 paramedics from individual regional centers of the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region. For the sake of clarity, the research results were divided into 8 categories and compiled into tables. The results of the research survey showed that paramedics often encountered calls to patients with Covid-19, especially at the time when the emergency service did not have a sufficient amount of personal protective equipment (which led to using uncommon protective equipment). The methods of emergency care for Covid-19 patients were also mapped and it was shown that the paramedics proceeded in the same way as to non Covid patients, with a few exceptions. With Covid-19 positive patients, paramedics emphasize increased personal protection and the usage of personal protective equipment, which is also based on saturation and temperature values. Furthermore, the work showed that the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region is nowadays very well prepared for a possible next wave of Covid19. The objectives of the work were met and research questions were also answered.

This bachelor's thesis has title "Preparedness of an paramedic for practising their profession". It include theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part is explained personality and character of paramedic. There are also law definidions that the paramedic should follow and his competences. The profession of paramedic is very stressful, therefore, thesis includes also chapter about psychology of paramedics and burnout syndrome. In the next chapter there are study programs for high school graduates, where is possible to study the field of paramedic at universities and employment opportunities for students after graduation. Next, we examined the themes of the adaptation process in the new job. The partical part of the bachelor's thesis is focused on students of the first to third year in the field of paramedic. Purpose of the bachelor's thesis is to map the knowledges of students in the field off paramedic about their future profession. A quantitative survey was made using a website questionnaire and a link was sent into three univerities in Czech Republic - University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, University of Defence in Brno and the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen. The results from the questionnaires were statistically processed using the homogeneity test into contingency tables and described in the discussion.

The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of life-threatening bleeding and the possibilities of transfusion application already in pre-hospital care. As regards transfusions applied in pre-hospital emergency care, this is a relatively new issue that is currently taking place in the Czech Republic through clinical research, therefore the bachelor's thesis does not contain much data from pre-hospital emergency care. Thesis is divided into the theoretical part and the practical part. In the theoretical part, the anatomy and physiology of the body's blood circulation and physiological hemostasis are briefly described for better orientation in this area. Subsequently, the issue of bleeding is described along with its characteristics including the division and following development of hemorrhagic shock up to multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. Symptoms and therapies taking place in pre-hospital emergency care at the scene of the event by a paramedic. In conclusion, the issue of transfusion is addressed, from characteristics to product types, application principles, history and current therapy taking place in pre-hospital emergency care. The practical part was carried out through qualitative research, using the method of semi-structured interviews, which were anonymous, recorded in the course and subsequently processed. There were prepared 25 questions in advance for the interview, divided into 6 categories, to which I was answered by a total of 7 paramedics. The interviews took place at the exit groups of the South Bohemian Region Health Rescue Service. The data collected represented the awareness of paramedics about the issue and therapeutic procedures from the point of view of the rapid medical assistance crew.

The theme of this bachelor thesis is cardiostimulation in pre-hospital care. Cardiostimulation in pre-hospital care is performed only externally and temporarily. The procedure is rare and used only in patients with severe hemodynamic conditions. The very rarity of this medical procedure has given cardiostimulation a certain respect. However, this fact should not be a reason for paramedics' lack of preparedness. When using cardiostimulation, paramedics should know the medical procedure, which will depend on the pathophysiology of the particular condition. Furthermore, they should know their responsibility to assist physicians in external temporary stimulation. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the theoretical knowledge of paramedics in the field of cardiostimulation, their knowledge of the procedure of external temporary stimulation, and their practical experience with this procedure. Additionally evaluated was possible variability in the performance of external temporary stimulation in pre-hospital treatment conditions in the South Bohemian Region. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part first deals with the character of pre-hospital treatment, the role of the paramedic, and their competences. Next is mentioned the anatomy and physiology of the heart, the possibilities of monitoring cardiac functions and arrhythmia, which can be treated with cardiostimulation. This is followed by the topic of cardiostimulation itself - its types, and the procedure of external temporary stimulation in pre-hospital care using a defibrillator. The practical part categorizes and evaluates the results of qualitative research, based on interviews with paramedics from various units of the Emergency Medical Services of South Bohemian Region. The research objectives of evaluating the theoretical knowledge of cardiostimulation were achieved. The interviews identified that paramedics have a good understanding of cardiac arrhythmias and their treatment. Their knowledge of external temporary cardiostimulation shows they would be able to perform this procedure adequately. Comparing individual ambulance units in the Emergency Medical Services, no differences were found in the cardiostimulation procedure in the conditions of pre-hospital emergency care in South Bohemian Region.

The bachelor's thesis is concerned with the operation management and management in patients with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (stroke). It deals with stroke diagnosing and the subsequent stroke patients routing to a target medical facility. The theoretical part covers the general anatomy of arterial blood supply to the brain and the stroke origin pathophysiology, it also includes the assessment protocol concerning the pre - hospital diagnosis and emergent medical care of the patients. Moreover, this part covers specific guidelines for patients' routing to specialized medical centres in the South Bohemian Region. The investigation part is based on the qualitative survey using the method of semi-structured interviews with two target groups of respondents asked eight identical questions. The research sample is constituted by the employees of the South Bohemian Emergency Medical Service, the first group enrolling the operators of the Emergency Medical Centre, the second one the paramedics. The obtained data are analyzed and subsequently evaluated. The first goal is to map the operation management and management in stroke patients, and the second goal is to find out what is the paramedics' experience with stroke-diagnosed patients transport by the Emergency Medical Service and the subsequent routing the patients to a medical facility.

The diploma thesis deals with the experiences of emergency medical workers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Medical rescue service according to Act No. 374/2011 Coll. on emergency medical services, should provide pre-hospital emergency care to patients in acute life-threatening conditions. Nevertheless, the crews of the ambulance service go to patients whose problems fall more into the social field. These patients do not primarily need medical intervention, yet rescuers in the field have to deal with these situations. The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out and compare the experience of rescuers when going to patients in an unfavorable social situation. Find out how rescuers experience and interpret these situations, what situations they encounter during these trips and how they understand the concept of an unfavorable social situation. The theoretical part of this work deals with the definition of basic concepts in the field of emergency medical services and social work. The empirical part is devoted to qualitative research. It contains a description of the research methodology, analysis of interviews with rescuers and their evaluation. The result of the research is evidence that on an almost daily basis, lifeguards deal with these situations with clients...

The topic of the Bachelor thesis is:"Mass intoxication from the point of view a paramedic. The work comprises two parts: theoretical and research. In the beginning, the theoretical part describes the types of the chosen mass intoxications and their subsequent therapy. It also touches on organ systems damage due to the impact of harmful substances, general therapeutic methods and finally, there are details of sorting and transporting patients during a vast mass intoxication. Qualitative method of data collection was used for the research part. The data were gathered in the form of semi-structured interviews with paramedics from the South Bohemian Region. There was one objective set for the research part. It was to map what forms of mass intoxications paramedics meet in connection with giving pre-hospital emergency treatment. Based on this objective, two research questions were set. Research question No. 1: What mass intoxications do paramedics expect in connection with exercising their profession? Research question No. 2: How do paramedics proceed when giving pre-hospital emergency treatment in mass intoxications? Respondents answered 25 questions that were prepared in advance. The data were analysed and classified in tables. It follows from the survey research that paramedics meet mass intoxications only sporadically while exercising their profession, yet in most above-mentioned mass intoxications they are well aware of the clinical picture and the subsequent therapeutic method.

The topic of the bachelor thesis is Crush syndrome from the perspective of the paramedic. In the theoretical part of the work, readers can learn what the crush syndrome is, when and in what situations it arises, what processes take place in the affected person's body, how it then manifests itself and what is its therapy. In the practical part, one goal was chosen. To map the level of awareness of non-medical medical staff about the issue of crush syndrome. A qualitative method of data collection in the form of semi-structured interviews was used to process the research set, where there were 7 main questions, on the basis of which the interviews were further developed. The research sample consisted of 12 respondents. 6 paramedics performing their service in pre-hospital emergency care and 6 members of nursing staff performing their profession in an acute care inpatient facility. The output of the bachelor's thesis is an overview that shows the awareness of the respondents about the issue of crush syndrome. It draws attention to minor shortcomings in both theoretical and practical knowledge of the issue. The work could serve as a basis for a better understanding of crush syndrome in the training of paramedics.

This bachelor thesis is titled The Issues of Death and Dying from the Perspective of a Paramedic. The topic of death and dying has always been a part of human life, especially in health care. The views on death and its definition have been constantly changing throughout the centuries, as there was a change in the care for the dying. Death is omnipresent and the paramedic is expected to cope with it, accept it, or else talk about it. At the same time the paramedic has to act professionally during difficult responses in the field, he or she is expected to act humane and with respect towards the patient or the grieving. The main goal of the thesis was to determine how the paramedics perceive the issue of death and dying in the conditions of pre-hospital medical care (PMC), and also to compare their experience in these conditions. Through this goal were then set down questions for this study: What are the experiences of paramedics with death and dying in the conditions of pre-hospital medical care? How do they perceive the issue of death and dying in these conditions? The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part is concerned with definitions of death and dying, their history and ethical level. Death and dying are then described when happening directly in the of pre-hospital medical care, their specifics, and also the position of paramedics themselves. In the more extensive, empirical part of the thesis there was employed a qualitative inquiry with the use of semi-structured interview with paramedics working at a previously chosen centre of emergency medical services. Acquired responses were analyzed by using the method of open coding and categorization. The data were interpreted by a technique of card sorting. The inquiry provided answers for both of the research questions. We compared the experiences of paramedics with the given issues and interpreted their perception of death in PMC. The results express that paramedics consider the course of dying in pre-hospital medical care more problematic than the death itself. Also, the majority of paramedics agree that the most mentally challenging are the medical responses involving children, especially their resuscitation. The results of the analysis also showed that paramedics after finishing their studies did not feel informed and educated enough in the field of death and palliative medicine. The thesis thus may serve as a supplementary educational material for students of final years of the paramedic study programme. The results may also serve as a foundation for a more profound studies or inquiries.

Bachelor thesis titled "Self-defence for paramedics" concerns itself with opportunities of self-defence of paramedics in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part this work focuses on contemporary structure of ambulance service and a composition of the ambulance crews in the Czech Republic. It also defines the "self-defence" term and delimits the difference between martial art and self-defence, its aspects and divisions. The theoretical base of the work also considers the psychological factors of the self-defence, explains the conflict and aggression and describes a body stress reaction. It also defines the legal terms related to the self-defence issues. The final chapter of the theoretical part shows model principles used in self-defence by J. Cooper. Practical part was elaborated in a form of qualitative research using the half-structured interview method. There is a comparation of the statements of nine members of the paramedic team in the South-bohemia. The major target of this work is establishing the statements of paramedics for self-defence and discover a level and possibilities of paramedic self-defence. Using these targets there were established two research questions: Which possibilities offers an employer in this area? Which possibilities do paramedics use and on which level? The research results show, that just a minimum of the informants concerns themselves with a self-defence. It can be caused by low appearance of aggressive patient contact. The most of informants mentioned that they experienced attacks very rarely. The employer does not provide any possibilities to improve the self-defence skills and level of their skills is not high, despite the fact that they get through some education during their studies. According the research the majority of the informants would like to attend any course or educate themselves in this area. This thesis could be used like a base for another research or like an educational text for final year students of paramedic programme.

My bachelor thesis titled Organisation of Providing Pre-hospital Medical Care in Combat Conditions is divided into a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part I focus on the history of care provided in field conditions, on the legal sphere concerning providing pre-hospital medical care, and on the education of the non-medical workers, including the courses available for the Czech Armed Forces. I also focus on the providing of the first aid in combat and extreme conditions according to the approach of Tactical Combat Casualty Care, where the chapter is separated into parts regarding medical treatment under fire, medical treatment in tactical field care, and medical treatment during the transportation. Chapter First Aid Algorithms follows, consisting of report of the incident, sorting of the wounded, and injury examination. In the last section of the theoretical part I examine medical security, medical equipment, and medical documentation. The research part has one goal: "to elaborate a unified summary of processes of providing pre-hospital medical care in a tactical environment used by paramedics of the Czech Armed Forces and to evaluate their possible implementation into the conditions of the civilian sector, i.e. their possible use by off-site groups of emergency medical care providers." Based on this goal were set down two research questions. Question number 1: "Is it possible to employ the processes of providing pre-hospital medical care used by the Czech Armed Forces in a civilian sphere of emergency medical care providers?" Question number 2: "Is it possible to employ military medical tools and devices also in a civilian sphere of emergency medical care providers?" Answers to these questions were acquired with the help of a qualitative inquiry in form of semi-structured interviews. The inquiry assemblage consisted of six Czech Armed Forces paramedics, five civilian paramedics, and one civilian emergency medical services physician. The respondents were asked ten questions, which were then divided into ten categories. The research showed that the Czech Army Forces and the civilian sphere of emergency medical services are closely connected. This applies to procedures in certain situations or to material equipment.

The bachelor thesis describes the role of paramedics in care of a patient with an acute stroke in pre-hospital care. The thesis deals with the topic of stroke, its symptoms, its diagnosis, its medical treatment, as well as the role of paramedics on site of the incident. The theoretical part describes the anatomy of the cerebral arterial circle to simplify the understanding of what happens in case of stroke. Furthermore, this part focuses on the question of ischemic and haemorrhagic types of stroke. It describes the high-risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, neurological examination and the treatment within the pre-hospital care by paramedics. The transfer of patients suffering from a stroke into medical facility and their follow-up healthcare are introduced. Last part deals with the prognosis of the illness and the prevention of a stroke. The practical part consists of a qualitative research based on personal interviews, comprising of 27 questions. The research group is formed by 10 paramedics who have been working at Emergency Medical Services in South Bohemian Region. The analysis of collected data and the evaluation of the data are included as well. The aim of the thesis was to map the knowledge and working procedures of paramedics within the crew of paramedic services at an acute stroke.

The bachelor's thesis deals with the children febrile convulsions in pre-hospital emergency care. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the matters of childhood, its specifics and division. It also focuses on the clinical picture, complications, prevention and treatment of febrile convulsions in children in prehospital emergency care. There were two goals set in the practical part. The first goal was to map and compare the procedure of paramedics in febrile convulsions in children in the emergency ambulance crew of the South Bohemian Region and the Vysocina Region. The second goal was to map the knowledge of paramedics in febrile convulsions in children in the emergency ambulance crew of the South Bohemian Region and the Vysocina Region. Two research questions were also identified: How are paramedics in the emergency ambulance crew of the South Bohemian Region and Vysocina providing pre-hospital care to children with febrile convulsions and what is the knowledge of paramedics about febrile convulsions in children? To obtain the necessary data, the method of qualitative research was used through the semi-structured interviews with 10 paramedics of the Medical Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region at the regional center in Ceske Budejovice and Medical Rescue Services of the Vysocina Region in Trebic. Respondents were answering sets of 16 questions and the outcome was categorized into 13 categories, which succeeded in meeting both goals and at the same time answered both research questions.The research found that the interviewed paramedics do have sufficient knowledge about the causes of febrile convulsions and what their basic therapy is. Unfortunately, they don't know a division of children age well enough. All respondents agreed that they were afraid of the diagnosis of Febrile convulsions precisely because of the pediatric patients and that the knowledge in the field of pediatrics is not their strongside. There was no significant difference between the two regions in the answers concerning the procedures of febrile convulsions in children in pre-hospital emergency care.

The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of pulmonary embolism, especially the role of the paramedic in this issue in pre-hospital care. The theoretical part briefly describes the anatomy and physiology of circulatory and respiratory system. Furthermore, tromboembolic disease, specifically deep vein thrombosis, and especially pulmonary embolism are characterized. The etiology, a clinical picture, diagnosis and subsequent treatment are mentioned in this thesis. Then the pre-hospital care and the definition of the field of paramedics are defined, including the professional procedure in pre-hospital care and paramedic's competences. The research part was performer on the basis of semi-structured and anonymously processed interviews with paramedic from the South Bohemian Region and the Vysočina Region. The data obtained while asking the medical rescuers were analyzed from the point of view of information on a given problem, including work procedures in the occupational crew and from the point of view of the patient's re-directing and/or admitting to other departments. Results of the obtained data led to the finding that paramedies have good awareness about pumonary embolism in terms of it's definition and treatment steps. As the most problematic matter seems to be the question of the right diagnosis. The right diagnosis and transport of the patient is an important step that allows early and correct initiation of treatment. The brochure which was created as part of this bachelor's thesis could be helpful in raising awareness in this regard.

The topic of this bachelor thesis is: "Blast Syndrome from the Perspective of a Paramedic". The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I focus on the description of the term blast syndrome and the terms of its origin. I also describe the procedures connected to the blast syndrome in not only pre-hospital medical care but also hospital care. I believe that the first aid is equally important and therefore I mention its most crucial elements in the theoretical part of the thesis. The theoretical part also contains a description of the connection between the surroundings and the spreading of a shock wave and the impact of the shock wave on particular body organs. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to examine the knowledge of paramedics concerning blast syndrome. To achieve this goal, three research questions were set down. The research section was elaborated with the use of qualitative inquiry based on semi-structured interviews consisting of fifteen questions. The inquiry assemblage consisted of twelve paramedics. The results of the inquiry show that the paramedics have a basic knowledge of blast syndrome. The respondents were able to explain what a blast syndrome is and how it originates. They also know what injuries they may expect when responding to the patient with blast syndrome and which procedures they have to perform. The data analysis also showed an insufficient theoretical and practical training of paramedics concerning the blast syndrome provided by the employer. This bachelor thesis may serve as study material for students of the paramedic study programme; and also for paramedics already in the field, as a source of information about blast syndrome.

Introduction to the issue: This paper examines the impact of burnout syndrome, which is common among caring professionals, on the sexuality of male paramedics. The term "burnout" was coined in the US 25 years ago. Burnout is defined as a mental state resulting from constant and long-term exposure to stress, especially in relation to psychosocial work factors (Melamed and Shirom, 2006). The effect of burnout syndrome on sexuality is a topic that has received very little attention. That is why I decided to cooperate with PhDr. Šárka Dynáková, Ph.D. and doc. PhDr. Jan Kožnar, CSc, who are working on an international study in the Czech Republic on the effects of burnout syndrome on human health. Methodology: For the theoretical part of this diploma thesis, use was made of monographs and databases. For the practical part, quantitative data was collected using standardized questionnaires distributed among male paramedics. The first questionnaire focused on burnout syndrome using a validated questionnaire for the Czech Republic, one that applies the Shirom-Melamed scale from 2006 (Ptáček, 2013). An extended Kroměříž version of the Sexual Functions of Men questionnaire was used for collecting the data on sexuality (Kratochvíl, 1999). After establishing five working hypotheses (H), the relationship between...

Providers of the emergency medical service are the basic bodies of the integrated rescue system. The paramedics that work in the emergency medical service participate in dealing with emergencies in cooperation with other bodies of the integrated rescue system. Unlike the common operations of the emergency medical service, during emergencies it is necessary to perform the rescue and clean-up work according to the appointed rules of the integrated rescue system. An essential part of the paramedics´ duty are various emergency activities exercising. The aim of the diploma thesis is to introduce a concept of an emergency and participation of paramedics in emergency and distress events. Furthermore, the thesis highlights frequent flaws in paramedics´ knowledge and points at such mistakes that might appear straight during an operation. It should contribute to improvement of an educational system for the paramedics who participate in dealing with emergencies. There are two research questions and two hypotheses set up for this aim. Research question 1: How do the paramedics perceive an emergency? Research question 2: What kind of experience of emergency solutions do the paramedics have? Hypothesis 1: The knowledge of a paramedic concerning the procedures during an emergency is influenced by the length of their practical duty. Hypothesis 2: The knowledge of a paramedic concerning the procedures during an emergency is influenced by the experience in dealing with the procedures. The research part comprises interviews with ten paramedics who practise their profession at least one year. Furthermore, a questionnaire construction with 106 respondents who work as paramedics at least the same time. The set of respondents and informants is composed of some members of the regional emergency medical services of the Czech Republic and other/private providers of the emergency medical services. The results of the thesis provide some flaws in paramedics´ knowledge from the field of the integrated rescue system as well as in cooperation with its other bodies, especially in operations coordination during the emergencies. The results provide an observation that even with a longer practical duty in emergency medical services and with better experience in dealing with emergencies, the knowledge and often also communication and coordinating skills of the paramedics will not improve. The weak points are the fields of terminology, function and structure of the integrated rescue system and their implementation in practical duty. The thesis fully reveals that during an operation of the professional bodies of the integrated rescue system in emergencies, mistakes occur in coordination and communication. It happens that the set competencies are not respected by individual bodies.

The specifics of emergency medical services with care of mental health patients Abstract The topic of this bachelor thesis is "The specifics of emergency medical services with care of mental health patients." The aim of this bachelor thesis is to map the types of procedures used in this area. We have divided this thesis into several parts. The first part of this thesis is theoretical, we deal with the characteristics of the personality traits of paramedic and related competences, because I consider competences in this area as crucial. In the second part, this thesis deals with the communication which represents fundamental ability of every paramedic. The last third of the theoretical work depicts and defines mental illnesses covered in this thesis. Next part of this bachelor thesis represents a research, we have used following questions to formulate research: VO 1: What are the procedures of a paramedic in contact with a mentally ill person? VO 2: What are the specifics in the work of operator in the medical operation center with a mentally ill person? VO 3: What are the risks in the work of paramedic with mentally ill person? The aim of this bachelor thesis was to deal with the procedure of paramedics and operators in medical operation center in the contact with mentally ill patients, whose state requires immediate emergency medical care provided by Emergency Medical Service. The additional aim of this bachelor thesis was to monitor the potential risks of providing emergency medical care to patients with mental illnesses. The result of our research was to answer the set research questions. The answer to question VO 1 was that there is a set of procedures used in the contact with mentally ill patients, but we cannot use them to all possible states. The answer to VO 2 was similar to VO 1, operators in medical operation center use certain procedures, but it is up to their immediate decision how they deal with the receiving call. The answer to VO 3 was that the risk for paramedic in the work with mentally ill patient is potential emergence of aggression. Another risk is the communication itself. Paramedics have to know their possibilities in dealing with this situation and they have to be aware of their legal boundaries too.

The bachelor thesis "Personality of a paramedic and motivation for his profession" is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of the paramedic and its legal background and the issue of the paramedic´s personality. The theoretical part then provides the definition of motivation and types of motives. Two goals were set for the practical part of the thesis. The first aim was set in order to map out what personality preconditions and qualifications are in paramedics´ opinion crucial for their profession. The second goal was to elicit the motivation of the interviewed paramedics to choose particular profession. Based on these goals, three research questions were set. Research Question #1 is: What personality preconditions and qualifications do paramedics consider to be crucial to their profession? Research Question #2 is: Why have the interviewed paramedics chosen this profession? Research Question #3 reads: How do the views of the paramedics and the students of this field differ? The method appied here was a qualitative research. Collection of data was carried through semi-structured interviews based on two thematic areas consisting of several questions. The research group consisted of 10 paramedics, working in medical rescue services in the South Bohemian region as well as Pilsen region, and 10 students of the paramedic. Data analysis suggests that in general respondents have consistent and corresponding ideas of a paramedic´s personality who should be physically fit, empathetic, able to make quick and correct decision, prepared for continuous education and be on good terms with their colleagues. The most frequently mentioned motivation for choosing this profession of both, the paramedics as well as students, was the desire to help people. The bachelor thesis could serve as an aid for the selection of applicants for the field of paramedics.

The diploma thesis deals with the identification of risks which threaten students in the fields of Radiology Assistant, General Nurse and Paramedic. The aim of the thesis is to map the knowledge of risks during providing health care in students of selected fields at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies at the University of South Bohemia. Four hypotheses were set in the thesis. Hypothesis no. 1 saying that there are statistically significant differences in risk knowledge between students of the first and last year of individual fields of health care. Hypothesis no. 2 that there are statistically significant differences in stress perception as a risk-enhancing factor between paramedics and general nurses. Hypothesis no. 3 states that there is a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of the risk of ionizing radiation between radiological assistants and general nurses and hypothesis no. 4 that paramedics will call their future occupation more risky than general nurses. To achieve the objectives and verify the hypotheses, a questionnaire was prepared, a questionnaire survey was conducted and everything was evaluated using graphic and statistical methods. The questionnaire contained 23 questions and the research sample consisted of 105 respondents from the studied fields. The results show that hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed in the fields of Radiology Assistant and Paramedic and rejected by the General Nurse. Hypothesis no. 2 was also confirmed. Hypothesis no. 3 was rejected and hypothesis no. 4 was also rejected. The contribution of the thesis is a complex picture of the knowledge of risks during providing health care in the studied fields. The results can serve the faculty to further more effective teaching.

The goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe how well are the medial rescue workers aware about the occupational burnout syndrome and the description of means how to prevent or manage such syndrome among this group. In the first part basic terms in regards to the burnout syndrome are defined, its symptoms, causes, its progression and phases and also preventive measures against it are discussed with special emphasis. In following chapters the burnout syndrome from the medical rescue workers' perspective is analyzed. The practical part is focused on quantitative research performed by the means of half-structured interviews with randomly chosen medical rescue workers from the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region. In total, 12 people were asked to do the interview, 10 people took part in the research. Most of the interviewed people were men. The results of this study may be used as a complementary educational material for the medical rescue worker study branch and also as a record for the psychosocial intervention service of the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region. This thesis drew mainly from the specialized literature and other relevant resources which deal with this topic. In the end of this work all findings and relevant information is summarized and the practical implementation of the gathered data is analyzed. The work of the rescue medical workers is very demanding, responsible and also requires fast and professional attitude

This Bachelor thesis deals with providing of professional first aid during motorcycle races in Czech Republic and abroad. A notion "motorcycle races" in this work is narrowed down only to "sidecarcross". In this field there is a high risk of injury because of the variable nature of the track, weight and power of the machine. These injuries are most frequent causes of death of working-age people. Therefore it is so important to provide pre-hospital care immediately after any accident right on the track. The objective of this thesis is to map these types of races from the point of view of health insurance and to determine qualification of personnel at the place of accident. The thesis is compiled from semi-structured interviews at sporting venues. Interviews were conducted with two groups of respondents. The first was group of organisers of international championship races in Czech Republic and world championship. The second group was composed of medical personnel providing health care right at the tracks. The research has pointed out missing legislative support of this issue and the resulting disunity during providing sporting events.

The bachelor thesis is titled "Issues related to competences of paramedics in the departments of intensive care and emergency reception in accordance with current legislation". The thesis addresses the position of paramedics and their competences. Thereupon, the history and definition of paramedics is introduced, including their employment options. Given the fact that paramedics are required to complete a 1-year practice within the intensive care unit and the emergency reception department, the thesis outlines the individual levels of intensive care, including the intensive care unit and the anesthetic-resuscitative department, followed by the types of emergency reception. The above-mentioned departments are also related to nursing care which is also part of the job. Last but not least, the thesis describes individual competences of paramedics and paramedics in the area of emergency medicine. Additionally, the competences of general nurses and nurses in the intensive care unit are also mentioned. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis is concluded with a section focusing on professional organizations of paramedics. The author of the thesis has laid down two goals. The first aim of this bachelor thesis is to map out the opinion of paramedics on Section 18 of Act No. 96/2004 Coll., on non-doctor medical occupations, as amended in 2017. The second goal is to determine what the paramedics think of their competences which have been specified for them in the 2017 amendment to Regulation No. 55/2011 Coll., on activities of paramedics and other specialized workers, specifically whether they consider their competences to be sufficient for the procedures which they perform as part of their work, or whether they would appreciate their competences to be extended. In order to meet the goal of this thesis, the method of qualitative research survey has been chosen, particularly a partly structured interview. 10 respondents competed an interview of 20 questions. These were paramedics, specifically 5 women and 5 men of various age, different previous workplaces and various periods spent working in the emergency reception and intensive care departments in Prague and the South-Bohemian Region. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes the issues related to paramedics working in the departments of intensive care and emergency reception. Furthermore, the conclusion offers several solutions which could resolve the given situation and related issues. It is clear that the paramedics go beyond their competences, particularly for the reasons of either due to the negligence of their professional competences or for being required to do so.

For a start, the theme of this bachelor thesis is the problematics of life-saving highly infectious patients. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a researching part. The theoretical part starts with conveys several chapters about highly infectious patients and how the infections are transmitted. Following chapters are devoted to volatile infections, dangerous infections with natural outbreak, and nosocomial infections. Finally the theoretical part ends with chapters concerning life-saving issues, life threat and barrier nursing. Furthermore, the second part was processed in the form of qualitative research. One of the purposes of this bachelor thesis is to map the problematics of life-saving highly infectious patients, then to map infections most often encountered by paramedics and to map the possibilities of protective equipment in pre-hospital emergency care in highly infectious patients. In addition, there were three main questions raised. Firstly, what is the life-saving procedure in highly infectious patients? Secondly, what kind of infection is most commonly encountered by paramedics? Lastly, what are the possibilities of the protective equipment concerning highly infectious patients in pre-hospital emergency medical services? Data have been collected in the form of semi-structured interviews conducted with paramedics who have been working in the ambulance service for more than one year. The research group consists of ten volunteers whose selection was intentional. The research was carried out during March 2019 and was completed when the amount of data was theoretically sufficient. The topics of the interviews were: saving lives, frequency of the infectious diseases and the protective equipment in pre-hospital emergency medical services needed for the highly infectious patients. As a matter of fact, there are three main categories each with own subcategories and codes. With regard to pre-hospital emergency care, this bachelor thesis significantly approaches the problematics of highly infectious diseases and provides with the insight into the difficulties of procedures and barrier care concerning highly infectious patients.

The bachelor thesis deals with the problems of states which can immediately endanger the child's life and are solved in pre-hospital emergency care by emergency squads including paramedics. They must possess the appropriate knowledge and experience. Without their early and effective help, a child patient could experience irreversible health changes or even die. The thesis is divided into theoretical and research part. The theoretical part deals with the differences between pediatric and adult patients because by providing pre-hospital emergency care it is important to think constantly about the fact that a child is not a small adult and that taking care of him or her carries its specifics which must be respected. Furthermore, this part deals with selected acute conditions in paediatrics from the point of view of a paramedic. The research part comprises of a quantitative research based on interviews containing 24 questions and the research group consisted of 12 paramedics performing their profession in the South Bohemian region. It includes analysis of acquired data and their evaluation. The goal of the work is to map the awareness of paramedics about the issue of selected acute states in paediatrics.

The primary topic of study for this bachelor's thesis is prehospital emergency care of congestive heart failure. The theoretical section details the anatomy of the heart and its conductive system to allow for later discussion of the pathophysiology of heart failure. Types of heart failure, associated symptoms, therapeutic approaches, and complications are also described. The practical section addresses two distinct aims. The first studies how well emergency first responders understand the pathophysiology of left-sided heart failure and the associated treatments. The second focuses on right-sided heart failure. We utilized qualitative methods for data gathering and analysis. Data collection was performed via structured interviews of first responders from the Southern Bohemia District in Tabor and Jindrichuv Hradec. The results were grouped into twelve qualitative categories, which allowed us to complete both aims of the thesis. We demonstrate that emergency first responders have good knowledge of the basic pathophysiology of congestive heart failure including individual types. Understanding of heart failure etiologies is less common. There is also inconsistent mastery of the presenting symptoms and therapeutic approaches. In many instances, there was significant variability between individuals in the extent of their knowledge. Practical experience with diagnosis of congestive heart failure in the field was also variable, but it was consistently one of the most feared diagnoses for the first responders. The results of this thesis can serve as a starting point for the design of an instructional tool to be used for emergency first responder training in congestive heart failure pathophysiology, associated symptoms, and acute therapy. The goal of such a tool would be to provide more uniform understanding of this potentially life-threatening process and to allow for the delivery of higher quality prehospital care.

This Bachelor´s Thesis is focused on selectit non-medical professions and how to use the provision nursing care at the comprehensive resuscitation care unit. The aim of this thesis is finding out the knowledge of the top, middle and line management about the legislative competence of the chosen non-medical healthcare workers at the comprehensive resuscitation care unit. The author of this paper is trying to compare application of the competence the non-medical healthcare workers in provision nursing care at this unit. We make three research question for come to these goals. What is the knowledge about the legislative competence of provision nursing care at the comprehensive resuscitation care unit of point of view of top, middle and line management (nurse, practical nurse, paramedic, healtcare assistent). What is the application of the chosen non-medical health care workers (nurse, practical nurse, paramedic, healtcare assistent) in the provision nursing care at the comprehensive resuscitation care unit. Analytic part of this paper is doing through the qualitative research. These research comprise the answer of nine responders from four hospitals. The research sample comprise three top nurses from the each hospital, three head nurses and three station nurses which work at the ARO. Based at the results of the research, the healthcare assistent (now practical nurse) is not present at the ARO. The reason of this situation is less competence (she is not able to do work by herself).The more then half responders agree, that the nurse are more common at the ARO. The results of research show that the most responders know the legislative changes.

The topic of our Bachelor's thesis is "Problematics of securing airways of a patient with an acute respiratory disease". The aim of this thesis is to map the issue. The thesis contains the theoretical part and the research part. The theoretical part focuses on anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract, monitoring of respiratory system, monitoring of consciousness, securing of the respiratory system and caring for the patient connected to the artificial pulmonary ventilation. Furthermore, this work also deals with nosocomial and professional infection and especially with acute respiratory disease. The research was conducted through qualitative research using a semi-structured interview with 10 qualified specialists and paramedics working at the department of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation and at Emergency Medical Services. To designe researche were chosen for these research questions: 1. How do the paramedics protect themselves when securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 2. How often do paramedics encounter the activity of securing airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 3. What is the attitude of paramedics in practice when it comes to securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? The purpose of this Bachelor's thesis is to find out how the paramedics proceed in securing the airways and how they react when they encounter the acute respiratory disease. This Bachelor's thesis serves as a material that points to the correct use of barrier protection. The result of the research shows that the paramedics meet with the respiratory disease only rarely. The questions were also aimed at the compliance with barrier protection. The main benefit of this Bachelor´s thesis should be the awareness of non-compliance with barrier protection and subsequent use of protection against respirátory disease.

This bachelor thesis on "Spinal and spinal cord injuries from the perspective of a paramedic" is devided into theoretical and research part. Theoretical part is devoded to anatomy and physiology of spinal and spinal cord. Further the most common injuries of spinal and spinal cord are described in this thesis. Approximately one half of theoretical part is devoded to urgent pre-hospital care for patients with sespected spinal and spinal cord injuries. One aim for research part was define: To find out the view of paramedics on the issue of spinal and spinal cord injury. Based on this aim 3 research questions were define. The first one is: "How the paramedics investigate patients with suspected spinal and spinal cord injuries?" The second one is: "What therapeutic procedures include spinal and spinal cord injuries in pre-hospital emergency care according to pramedics?" and the third one is: "How the paramedics are being trained for spinal and spinal cord injuries?" The qualitative research to obtain necessary data was used in the form of semi-structured interviews with 12 paramedics who perform their profession at the emergency medical service in the South Bohemia. The respondents answered 16 pre-prepared questions. Written records were made with their verbal consents. Obtained data were devided into 10 categories. The research showed that paramedics have insufficient knowledge of how to investigate patients with spinal and spinal cord injuries. Respondents did not show sufficient knowledge in the therapeutic procedures. Allthough the respondents state that they are educated in the given issue I consider their awareness in the area of spinal and spinal cord injuries to be insufficient because of found deficiencies.

The topic of this bachelor thesis is The Qualifications of Paramedics in the Emergency Medical Service. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the characteristics of the emergency medical services, with the focus on paramedics, the urgency levels of emergency calls and the integrated emergency system as a whole. Furthermore, this part explores the issue concerning the legislation of paramedics; primarily, the acquisition of required professional competences in comparison with the Slovak Republic. Lastly, the thesis summarizes the qualifications of paramedics, as well as of the paramedics who have already reached the level of professional expertise needed for the practice of emergency medicine. In the practical part of the thesis, two goals were selected. The first goal was to map the knowledge of qualifications of paramedics working for the South Bohemian emergency medical services (Zdravotnické záchranné služby Jihočeského kraje). The second goal then was to examine to which extent those qualifications were being followed. The qualitative method of data collection was used for the execution of this research. It was carried out in form of half-structured interviews that comprised of 20 questions. The sampled group consisted of 8 paramedics from the South Bohemian emergency medical services (Zdravotnické záchranné služby Jihočeského kraje). The outcome of this bachelor thesis is the overview of the knowledge of qualifications of paramedics working for the South Bohemian emergency medical services. It points out their minor lacks in education and awareness. The thesis could potentially be used as a source for the teaching of paramedics.

The theoretical part describes the anatomy of stress, symptoms of stress, causes of stress and stress phases for better orientation in this problematics. Chapters are focused on the definition of Medical rescue service, exit groups and the personality of a medical rescuer. Followed by the description of stress and the development of its various diseases, where is included for example stress syndrome, acute reaction to stress, posttraumatic stress situation and the burnout syndrome. In the thesis is also mentioned the prevention of stress, where are located active and passive techniques and other ways to prevence stress management. The last two chapters include psychological resistance plus psychic hygiene. Practical part of the thesis was developed using qualitative research by a technique of semi-structured interwievs. The data collection was carried out with six medical rescuers of the Medical rescue service of the South Bohemian on the regional center in Jindřichův Hradec. The interwiev contained eighteen questions focusing on the problematics of stress pramedics. The interwievs are overwritten into the case reports and subsequently for the clarity transferred into the charts. The results of the thesis showed, that the most common causes of stress in the work process of the medical rescuers from Jindřichův Hradec can not be unambiguously determine, because each of my respondents is placed unter the stress by another situation. For the rescuers the moct common way to deal with the stres are sport activities, time spent with friends or walks. The results of the thesis shows, that even the rescuers are entitled to feel stress and the employer should also contribute to ist elimination, for example by increasing benefits of this work in the form of relaxation stays for the rescuers at least once every two years.

This bachelor thesis on the topic: ''The suicidal patient from the point of view of a paramedic'' consists of two parts: first part is theoretical, the second part presents conducted research. The content of the theoretical part is an introduction to suicidal issues, namely the characteristics of suicide, an introduction to history and possible causes of suicidal behavior with a special focus on depression or schizophrenia, possible symptoms of suicidal behavior, suicide stages and types of execution, distribution of suicide by age, communication with a suicide patient and the work of medical rescue service at the scene of a suicidal patient's event. For the research section several aims were set. The first aim is to map what knowledge rescuers have on the suicide issues of their patients. Based on this aim, two research question is formulated as follows: ''How are suicide issues perceived and managed by rescuers in the pre-hospital emergency care?'' Second research question asks: ''What specifities does rerequire solving suicide issues druing pre-hospital emergency care provided by rescuers?'' In other to obtain the necessary data, a method of qualitative research was selected and conducted, consisting of semi-structured interviews with eight medical rescuers, of which four were professionally active at the South Bohemian Health Rescue Service, namely from the regional centres of České Budějovice, Jindřichův Hradec, Písek and four other medical rescuers professionally operating in the Vysočina region, specifically from Humpolec and Pelhřimov. Respondents answered a total of 20 questions, which were then divided into 10 categories. Research has confirmed existence of basic education standard about the problem of suicide, and that it is sufficient for proper conduct of the profession of medical rescue. However, there are some shortcomings in the education of rescuers who deals with a suicidal patient. As this is a very important knowledge gap, I consider it necessary to supplement education about the care of suicide patient.

The bachelor thesis deal with "Life threatening bleeding in pre-hospital emergency care" which is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is devoted to blood and blood circulation from the beginning. In addi-tion, the distribution of blood flow according to the type, amount, cause and place of blood flow is shown. Subsequently, the organism physiologically stops the bleeding and pathophysiology of large blood loss, showing hemorrhagic shock and multiorgan dysfunc-tion syndrome. Lastly, in the theoretical part of the therapy, life-threatening bleeding from the point of view of lay rescuers, paramedics in pre-hospital emergency care and subsequently in emergency non-hospital care. In the practical part, object 1 was set - to map the level of the theoretical knowledge of paramedics in the treatment of life threatening bleeding in pre-hospital emergency care. Based on this goal, the research question 1 was identified - how are paramedics familiar with recommended treatments for life-threatening bleeding in pre-hospital urgent care? The practical part is 6 semistructured interviews with paramedics performing their profession at the Rescue Emergency Service in České Budějovice containing 16 questions divided into 11 categories for the clarity of the information obtained. The result of the practical part pointed to the insufficient readiness of the theoretical knowledge of paramedics and ignorance of their competencies without the indication of the doctor mentioned in Decree No. 55/2011 Coll., §17. The conclusion of the thesis con-tains suggestions for improving this fact.

The bachelor thesis is focused on the advanced life support during the cardiac arrest in special circumstances. The thesis is divided in two parts theoretical and research. In the theoretical part, the pre-hospital care is briefly defined and it covers also the anatomy and physiology of a heart. Described are selected heart rhythm disorders and a cardiac arrest. In more detail, the thesis describes the cardiac arrest in special circumstances. In this bachelor thesis, qualitative research was carried out covering medical rescue procedures in patient care with a cardiac arrest in special circumstances in pre-hospital emergency care. Subsequently, their procedure was compared with the current recommended procedures of the European Resuscitation Council for Resuscitation in 2015. The research found that the health rescuers who were questioned were sufficiently oriented in the issue of cardiac arrest in specific circumstances within pre-hospital emergency care. An exception is the advanced life support of a patient burriend by an avalanche. In this part, respondents did not have sufficient knowledge of the guidelines. In all other situations, questioned parademics would follow the suit with the current recommended procedures of the European Resuscitation Council in 2015. The thesis can be used as a study material for the paramedic students and as well as for the lay and professional community.

This bachelor thesis solves the problem of differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in pre-hospital emergency care for adults where abdominal pain includes a very wide range of possible causes and illnesses. If proper and rapid diagnosis is determined in pre-hospital emergency care, it will greatly facilitate and speed up subsequent treatment. The thesis consists of two parts, a theoretical and a research one. The theoretical deals with the concept of pain, the importance of physical examination, the carefulness of anamnesis and the differentiation of pain according to the localization (right and left upper quadrant, right and left lower quadrant), other possible causes and pharmacological therapy. The practical part was realized in a qualitative form using semi-structured questionnaires. The aim was to map the most common primary diagnoses of abdominal pain and follow-up procedures and investigative methods of emergency rescue workers in pre-hospital emergency care. The research was conducted in March and April 2018 with the health rescuers of the Vysočina Region. For clarity, the data obtained was divided into categories, processed into tables and further compared. Research has shown that the procedure for examining a patient with abdominal pain is not ideal, often neglected important information that needs to be identified as soon as possible from the onset of the problems and including their further development. Therefore, a possible algorithm for patient's abdominal pain assessment in pre-hospital inadequate care has been proposed for possible follow-up in practice, containing all the important information that needs to be found in PNP and then handed over to the target hospital facility.

This Bachelor thesis deals with providing of professional first aid during motorcycle races in Czech Republic and abroad. A notion "motorcycle races" in this work is narrowed down only to "sidecarcross". In this field there is a high risk of injury because of the variable nature of the track, weight and power of the machine. These injuries are most frequent causes of death of working-age people. Therefore it is so important to provide pre-hospital care immediately after any accident right on the track. The objective of this thesis is to map these types of races from the point of view of health insurance and to determine qualification of personnel at the place of accident. The thesis is compiled from semi-structured interviews and participation right at sporting venues. Interviews were conducted with two groups of respondents. The first was group of organisers of international championship races in Czech Republic and world championship. The second group was composed of medical personnel providing health care right at the tracks. The findings of interviews were confronted with findings acquired from participating observation at the venues of races. The research has pointed out missing legislative support of this issue and the resulting disunity during providing sporting events.