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This PhD thesis describes the ways of implementing the supplementary educational subject of ethics education into the educational system in Czech society. The primary focus is on the teaching of prosocial behaviour at primary school. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the redudant repeating background of the PhD thesis topic was collected. Prosocial behaviour was defined as positive social behaviour with active participation in solving a specific life situation, where helping others is not connected with the expectation of reward. The presented methods of socialization of pupils were divided into directive and recommended non-directive methods promoting a positive classroom climate. Characteristics of moral growth in younger school-age students were viewed from several criteria. The concept of ethical education in curriculum documents in the Czech Republic and abroad was characterized. The empirical part describes qualitative research with a case study design. Data collection was carried out by direct observation, semi-structured interviews and analysis of school artefacts. The thesis reports on the research conducted on the teaching of ethics education in two selected primary schools. The main aim of the research was to find out how the teaching of prosocial behaviour is implemented in the...

The thesis deals with the prosocial behavior of social workers. It is divided into four chapters. The first chapter theoretically defines prosocial behavior. It deals with theories of prosocial behavior, its forms and its motivation. The second chapter focuses on prosocial behavior in social work, and puts it in context with the personality of a social worker. The third chapter deals with the specifics of social work with foreigners. The last chapter presents a research, which took place in the form of semi-structured interviews, and the aim of which was to find out in which aspects of social work with foreigners elements of prosocial behavior are manifested in selected social workers.

The presented systematic literature review seeks answers to the question "Does weeping in adults increase the probability of prosocial behavior among observers?". Our methodology follows the PRISMA Statement recommendations. On the basis of predefined key words 2278 records have been identified in the Scopus and PsycINFO databases. Overlapping records have been removed and abstracts and whole texts have been screened to evaluate the fulfilment of the eligibility criteria and the relevance for the predefined question and this resulted in the inclusion of 8 articles representing 10 experiments into the final analysis. This thesis brings an overview of these studies and their conclusions and methodologies. It discusses the strengths and weaknesess of the various approaches. It turned out that the fact, whether participants are presented with a decontextualized stimulus material or whether they are at least slightly acquainted with the context, plays an important role in the research. If the context is included, it appears that the influence of tears on the willingness to help is not as strong as in the case of its absence. Furthermore, many other factors have been found to be relevant that affect this relationship. We also discuss the adequacy of the the concept "prosocial behaviour" as hypotheses...

This Bachelor's Thesis focuses on the composition of a short-term program of childrengames and activities to support and develop prosocial behavior in the environment ofan after-school center. The thesis is divided in to sections. The first describes theoretical background and briefly clarifiesthe term "prosocial behavior" and there with associated term "empathy". Additionally, it gives general characteristics of the program and of thetarge tgroup, that is a group of early school age children, as well as describes workingmethods used in the program. The next, follow-up practical section describes the actual program, its schedule, organization and arrangement of sessions based on their topics and subgoals. Then I have described the actual progress of lessons and particular game activities selected to achieve the projected goal, followed by suggested questions to induce value reflection and examples of how children reflected on completed sessions. Last chapters of the practical sectione valuate the program and subsequently provide participating educators' reviews in terms of the designed goals of the program.

The current geopolitical situation in Europe raises the question of what attitudes towards Muslims are. This article deals with the attitudes of people in Prague to a foreign woman whose Muslim belief is obvious compared to a stranger, whose particular worldview cannot be determined. A total of one hundred people were approached. Fifty of them were addressed by a figurant serving as a Muslim woman, another fifty by the same figurant in the role of “ordinary” stranger. The responses of individuals were rated on a scale of one to five. The attitude of people to the figurant in the role of the Muslim woman did not differ statistically significantly from the attitude towards figurant in the role of foreigner (p = 0.124). Other aspects of this issue, such as the difference between the evaluation of Czechs and foreigners, are discussed.

The bachelor thesis deals with issues of prosocial behavior and altruism. To help another person is the purpose of prosocial behavior. Altruism is closely connected with prosocial behavior. Organism often performs altruistic aid at the expense of itself. The importance of prosocial behavior is shown in the model of first aid delivery. The following chapters summarize basic information about laic first aid and its effect on survival chain of disabled person focusing on factors which can influence the first aid delivery. The main purpose of this thesis is to create a review of original research regarding the given topic and a comprehensive overview of the mentioned factors. Human behavior in given situations can be influenced by many different phenomenons. The most common effects are the effect of onlookers, kinship or emotional attachment to the injured person, knowledge of proper first aid procedures, the degree of stress and the age of the rescuer. The most important factor is the presence of danger which, in evolutionary terms, relate to the disgust dimension associated with fear of being injured or infected with an infectious disease and related decreasing of biological fitness of individual.

The thesis deals with the contribution of physical, art and music education at primary school. It monitors the influence of education on the overall development of children and at the same time how the teacher himself can influence the educational content of these lessons. The aim of my thesis is to find out how the teachers deal with the potential of education, which therapeutic elements they use in their lessons and which approach to education they prefer. The theoretical part introduces the content, potential and main therapeutic elements of physical, art and music education to the public and suggests the importance of their preservation in the educational system at primary school. It is a qualitative investigation, I used the semi-structured interview method as well as direct unstructured observation for my research. In the practical part I conducted interviews with four experienced teachers and I mainly focused on their conception of selected education. Furthermore, the most striking aspects of the education, which have a positive impact on the development of children and their integration into society, were processed by observation in lessons. Based on the obtained results, physical, artistic and musical education can be understood as very beneficial doctrines that affect the pupil's psyche, influence his / her physical health and facilitate his / her involvement in the collective. Art, music and physical education at primary school provide a place where children learn the basics of art, culture and dance, and where they can discover themselves and learn to accept the differences observed in the surroundings.

The bachelor thesis deals with prosocial behavior in pre-school children with hearing disabilities. The aim of the thesis is to map the elements (selected in advance) of prosocial behavior during free play in pre-school children with hearing disabilities. The theoretical part of the thesis describes development period of the pre-school age, defines the term of prosocial behavior and deals with hearing disability issue. The practical part of the thesis contains the introduction to the methodology of its research, description of the research group and research environment. The results of the study are presented in three case studies. that are based on analysis of documents and sctructured observation of the particular selected elements of the prosocial behavior in the research group of children. There were also added the elements of behavior that are basically considered as inappropriate, in order to describe prosocial behavior of the children in the most comprehensive way.

This thesis deals with two constructs - social desirability and integrity. The main aim of this thesis is to create an interview which will allow to distinguish people by their level of integrity and their tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner. The interview can serve as a face-to-face variant of questionnaire methods. Theoretical foundations of both social desirability as well as integrity are presented in the theoretical part of the thesis. Complexity of both constructs is considered. Therefore, approaches of various authors are presented. Methods for assessing socially desirable responding in self- reports as well as integrity are also presented as part of the theoretical section of this thesis. The effects of social desirability on integrity assessment is discussed, as well. In the empirical part of the thesis the development of the semi-structured interview is described. The interview was developed based on original Czech test battery focusing on personal integrity at the workplace. Specifically, questionnaire Integrita v pracovním a běžném životě alongside with questionnaire assessing social desirability was used. The semi-structured interview contains a total of eight questions. Each question includes short story, and the respondent is asked to judge his / her behavior in this...

The education of ethics on Elementary school of Uvaly is carried out using the "Send it further" method since school year 2013/2014. Its aim is to create a complete system of ethical education. The output of this project was the creation of an ethical codex (student - teacher - parent) during the school year 2016/2017. The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze the current status of implementation of ethical education in practice at Elementary school of Uvaly. The working hypothesis "Is it necessary to create a system of ethical education?" was verified using content analysis and guided interview methods. One of the prerequisites for the hypothesis verification was to make ethical education an integral and mandatory part of curricular school documentation. Furthermore, the thesis verifies the impact of practical ethics (in the form of an ethical codex) on personal and social education. KEYWORDS Ethics, education, ethic education, ethic code, prosocial behavior

My bachelor thesis is about development of prosocial behavior in kindergartens. The goal of thesis was to find out which useful methods are used by teachers and parents of kids from kindergartens to develop prosocial behavior. To achieve the goal has been the term the hypothesis - The knowledge of term prosocial behavior will be related with using appropriate techniques for prosocial behavior. Teoretical part explais terms associated with development of prosocial behavior in kindergartens. Empirical part explains quantitative research, which was choosed for this thesis including method of collecting data, which were two kinds of questionnaires. First questionnaire included eleven questions, on which answered by teachers from kindergartens. Second questionnaire included eight questions for parents. The results are shown in the data from research.

This thesis deals with religosity and religiousness in elementary school age children in context with manifestations of prosocial behavior. The main aim of the thesis is to describe differences between children from religious families and children from non-religious families. Whether children from religious families behave more prosocially. The partial aim is to find out if the children consider themselves to be believers, or how they describe their beliefs. The theoretical part contains information about the development period of the elementary school age, description of the terms "religiosity" and "prosocial behavior" and introduction to previous research on this topic. Practical part consists of documentation of qualitative and quantitative research, description of its methodology and presentation of results. The research group is the 5th grade children. The research consists of observation of children in the natural environment (school class), a questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview with selected pupils. This research has proven that religious children considered themself as more prosocial than non-religious children. Also the results of observation and teachers evaluation has shown religious children as more prosocial than non-religious. Furthermore result suggested the differences in prosociality between boys and girls. Differences has also shown between the different kind of elementary schools. In the qualitative part have been discovered different perceptions on religion between religious and non-religious children. For religious children is more important emotional and social dimension of religion. Non-religious children spoke about religion primaly on cognitive level.

More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.

This thesis deals with the verification of the hypothesis, that a crying person can be helped better than if the latter would not be crying. The aim of this thesis is to carry out a pilot version of an observational experiment and thus identify the problematic moments and other variables, which might enter into the experiment. Mixed design was used to verify this relationship and it consisted of a quantitative analysis of data gathered from mood questionnaires as well as from the observational experiment and the qualitative analyse of data from semi-structured interviews with respondents. The thesis presents basic theoretical concepts and studies relevant for its aim. The survey results have shown that individuals are not capable of identifying the crying during the proposed experimental situation, because they have not paid much attention to the person concerned. The degree of attention towards a crying person depended, inter alia, on the assumed purpose of the presence of the crying person. The distance from the observed situation, the estimation of the competencies of the actress (whether she could handle the situation by herself) and the evaluation of the seriousness of the situation also played their role. It also turned out that when the respondent decided not to help the crying actress; it...

This diploma thesis deals with the opinions of teachers on the inclusion of competitive games in the nursery environment. The aim of the thesis is to find and analyze the opinions of a selected sample of teachers on this issue. The work is divided into four main chapters. The introductory chapters are devoted to the concept of the game of various authors and authorities, to the place of preschool child play in the environment of the kindergarten and also to the separate problems of the competitive game. The main part of the thesis is the analysis and evaluation of the research carried out. The essence of the empirical part is qualitative research. The data acquisition method is a semi-structured interview, through which educators working at the tertiary level of education are asked to include competing games in nursery schools.

The Master thesis "Teaching Prosocial Skills at Primary Schools" deals with the theory related to the prosocial behaviour and further aims to describe present possibilities and methods of teaching prosocial skills at primary schools. The author, in the theoretical part, characterizes and analyses prosocial behaviour, according to its types and forms, outlines basic theories of prosocial behavior and its determinants. The author further gives examples of how schools are able to incorporate teaching prosocial skills in school curricula. The author, in the empiric part, introduces opinions, attitudes, ideas and previous experiences of teachers and students with this education, using interviews and analyses of school curricula and minimum preventive program.

(in English): There are different ways of pre-school children empathy and altruism development. The theoretical part of the thesis concerns aspects that according to experts play the most important role from the specific point of view and in the specific social environment. It contains an analysis of the master educational plan and available auxiliary literature. The thesis also specifies examples of empathy support in the Czech Republic and abroad and describes the everyday routine in several typical Kindergarten classes. The practical part gathers findings concerning children's empathy support in common practice through the qualitative research from the perspective of the Kindergarten staff. It also describes children's abilities and skills in helping others as well as their limits. The final part of the thesis focuses on the possible future implementation of the methods into the master educational plan using the acquired knowledge for the socially undesirable phenomena prevention.

The aim of the thesis is to find out how strong have monetary or other incentives effects on prosocial behavior and conduct of men and women. The work deals with how different behaviors in regard to gender in areas such as altruism and regular support private charities, participation in volunteer activities, social preference and concern for cultural heritage, when an image motivation is on place or is not, and if the behavior is incentivized or not incentivized.

Volunteers are an important part of everyday life in homes for the elderly. The aim of this thesis is to determine how the volunteers are appreciated, as are volunteers motivated and what is the feedback to their activities. The thesis also mentions the causes that may lead to the eventual termination of volunteering. The theoretical part deals with seniors as a social group, which is an important part of our society. It further explains the concepts related to volunteering and defines prosocial behavior. Another important term, which the thesis explaines is motivation. The term "motivation" is later used in the relation to volunteering. The research is based on interviews with volunteers from selected homes, specifically in Prague. These interviews are then analyzed, with particular emphasis on what lead volunteers to their activity and what are the important things that persuade them to volunteer in the future. Furthermore there are mentionednegative aspects of volunteering. Finally, there are analyzed factors that have an impact on volunteering activities. Finally, the work follows necessities that must be done to improve the quality of the volunteer program by workers as well as by volunteers.

Bachelor thesis is entitled "Volunteering and Motivation for It from the Point of View of Students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies and Students of the Faculty of Economics", aims to compare factors, which are related to motivation to perform volunteering among students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies (Social Work in Public Administration, full-time study) and students of the Faculty of Economics (Management of Commerce, full-time study) from University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The theoretical part of the Thesis deals with the definition of terms related to volunteering, such as volunteering, volunteer, history of volunteering and the importance of volunteering in various stages of life of the individual. Furthermore, this Thesis defines motivation factors and shows attitude to motivation of volunteers that are used in the practical part of the Thesis. In the practical part of the Thesis three research questions were formulated to achieve the objective. Quantitative and qualitative researches were used to answer the research questions. Quantitative research was conducted by interviewing, a technique questionnaire. For qualitative research the method of questioning was used, interview technique. The chapter Results and Discussion of Results proves that students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of University of South Bohemia České Budějovice specialized in Social Work in Public Administration, full-time study perform volunteering more often than students of the Faculty of Economics of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice specialized in Management of Commerce, full-time study. Furthermore, these chapters highlight the differences in motivation among the students questioned. The results of this Thesis can serve to volunteer centers as information material for promotion and recruitment of volunteers among students studying selected faculties and specializations.

Research studies conducted in field of prosocial behaviour testify to the existence of situational and dispositional motifs of this kind of acting. Aim of this thesis is firstly to map occurence of three of these motifs, specifically: oportunity to gain recognition, reciprocity expectation and social responsibility. Secondly it is uncovering possible dependence of these motifs on age or level of prosociality of pupils in a seccond grade of grammar school. The research part of this project has a center of gravity in a quantitative approach. In this framework is being found truthfulness of hypoteses, whether each motive has with age decreasing or increasing tendency and what is actually the frequency of their occurence. In combination with the nomination method of prosocial behaviour in classroom is also being uncovered possible dependency of level of prosociality on individual factors. The theoretical framework that precedes the research section of this thesis, discusses the evolution of prosocial behaviour and contemporary social perspective on this behaviour. This historical excursion is supplemented by the definition of terms used, the reflection of the role of social and biological factors and formulation of influence of school and family evironment in shaping child's prosocial orientation.

The first part of the thesis is a theoretical compilation of surveillance assembled from professional sources, resources and research. In the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the issue of social support and its intercultural aspects. The focus is on the attitudes and prejudices, intercultural psychology, communication and barriers arising from it, as well as social support, its types, empathy and prosocial behavior. The second part of the thesis is the proposal of empirical research. It deals with the methodological process aimed at finding differences between access to social support and the provision and acceptance of Czechs and Slovaks.

Providing of assistance can be divided into short-term, unplanned and planned and long-term - this form is defined as a volunteering. Volunteering, as a type of prosocial behavior is widespread in the world. Importance of voluntary movement increased rapidly in the Czech Republic in recent years. As an evidence for it is the addition of volunteer centers and other organizations and Act No. 198/2002 Coll. concerning volunteer service. For this reason, the author decided to find factors related to prosocial behavior in persons with long-term, systematic and selfless behavior, which they devote to activities for the benefit of other people, it means volunteers. The author carried out a quantitative research using methods of interviewing, anonymous questionnaire technique (specifically inventory supplemented by other questions). The group was established by quota random sample where quota was sex, voluntary activity and its length. The sample was consisted of a target group of volunteers from throughout the Czech Republic. Research has shown that the most common motive for volunteering is to help others and meet new people, gain new experiences. It was further shown that in the motivation structure of the volunteers (six basic motives influencing the voluntary behavior) was the most represented motive career ? to gain an experience for a his or her career. The benefit of this thesis is to determine the incentive structure of volunteers from health and social institutions, and volunteers from the sporting and educational activities.

This thesis deals with the influence of childrens television programs for preschool children, or their behaviour. The work is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is devoted to television broadcasting, the characteristics of preschool age, the effect of television on children and children's television programs. The aim of the practical part is to determine how children TV shows affects behaviour of preschool children, whether they have positive or detrimental effect.The results are evaluated and graphically displayed.

This thesis wants among others to find out whether an individual asked for a contribution to a charitable collection is more likely to accept or reject it, and to define reflected motives for such an acceptance or rejection. Another aim is to find out how organizers of charitable collections evaluate the overall situation in this sphere and finally to find out how the collectors themselves assess their role and position. Two hypotheses were suggested and two questions formed for specification of the purpose. Both, quantitative and qualitative strategies were applied to the research. The quantitative part was implemented by means of a questionnaire survey for potential donators from the public and then for organizers or coordinators of public collections, the qualitative part by means of observation from the position of a collector asking for a contribution ond of semi controlled interview with further applicants for a contribution. The research results show that a large deficit of media presentation and general public awareness of collections exists in the sphere of charitable collections, as well as of transparency, i.e. the possibility of relevant feedback in terms of the flow of the funds raised. All the three groups of respondents mentioned this fact. Saturation of the environment with a numer of collections without any valid information was also pointed out. It is thus obvious that big reserves exist in this sphere and they should be dealt with.

Motivation characteristics of prosocial behavior represent a positive element of a complex labyrinth of motivation which was {--} in the former times {--} investigated within the framework of social psychology mostly with regard to its negative parts (aggressiveness, hostility, violence, social deviations etc.) On the other hand, domestic specialized publications have failed to pay a sufficient attention to the issues concerning prosocial behavior, alturism, empathy, personal predispositions and to mutual relations among these aspects. The objective of this thesis is to identify the level of empathy and certain personality factors which might influence prosocial behavior of selected groups of the Mountain Rescue Service members and Police officers. This applies to factors such as, extroversion, willingness to learn from experience of the others, towardness and conscientiousness. Majority of experts share an opinion that prosocial behavior represents a fundamental prerequisite for performance of professions aimed at helping to the others. I believe that the work of both Mountain Rescue Service members as well as of the Police officers can be rightfully considered as such. Necessary data collection was carried out using two different psychodiagnostic questionnaires. The first one - the IRI questionnaire {--} was used to define the empathy level while the second one {--} the NEO-FFI questionnaire - was used to measure five personality traits The examined group consisted of the officers from the Czech Police Criminal Investigation Department of Karlovy Vary and of the rescue workers of the Jeseníky and Krušné hory Mountain Rescue Service. The fundamental hypothesis of this work is that if compared with the police officers, the Mountain Rescue Service members show higher level of empathy, towardness and extroversion, i.e. the traits which to the higher extent correlate with prosocial behavior. From the results obtained we can derive that if compared between the examined groups, the empathy level and the personality profiles, resulting from the five-factor model (so called {\clqq}Big Five``), do not differ from each other too much since the measured values do not show any significant differences. If compared with the regular population, both sub-groups have shown higher level of conscientiousness and lower level of neuroticity and willingness to learn from the others` experience. We can not generalize the results of this research due to an insufficient size of the experimental group. However, despite of this fact, these results could become a partial step to enhance awareness in this field. According to my opinion, the objective of this thesis was duly accomplished.