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Breburdová, H. (2022): Water in physics and physics in water. Diploma thesis. České Budějovice: University of South Bohemiain České Budějovice, Faculty of Education. This diploma thesis focuses on research-based teaching and the creation of physics experiments fit for teaching physics at the lower-secondary level of education. The primary goal of this thesis is to suggest certain physics experiments that, while allowing the use of water, also explain the basic behaviour of liquids in physics. Furthermore, it aims to create a worksheet for realised research-based. The outputs of this are selected experiments and a worksheet of research-based teaching.

The curved beam bridge exhibits lateral displacement during construction and operation. Taking a curved beam bridge as an example, the status of lateral displacement of the bridge is investigated in detail in this paper. To understand the mechanism of the curved beam lateral displacement, further to determine the curved beam lateral displacement under temperature effect, using ANSYS software to establish solid element model of the curved beam, steady state thermal analysis method is applied to analyze temperature field. Based on the analysis, the lateral displacement under temperature effect is analyzed. Then in order to further explain the lateral displacement mechanism, to discuss the frictional force causing the residual deformation of the rubber bearing to make the lateral displacement of the curved beam, the mechanical mechanism of curved beam under temperature effect is approximately analyzed. On the basis of clarifying the mechanism of lateral displacement, the paper puts forward the reinforcement measures for the curved beam bridge. In order to verify the treatment effect, long-term displacement monitoring is performed on the bridge. Numerical studies and monitoring data show that temperature is the main factor that causes the lateral displacement. Monitoring data over the past year shows that the displacement of the bearing is less than the value of allowable displacement after the reinforcement measures are adopted, and the bridge is in a safe state.

Color and turbidity are important properties of fermented beverages, especially light and dark beers, white and red wines and spirits. The spectrum of absorption and scattering of light is a decisive and very important analytical parameter of the consumer's quality and health acceptability of the beverages. A large number of the above types of beverages are filled into transparent glass and plastic bottles that allow for optical measurements. The Colorturb prototype has been designed, developed and constructed to determine color changes and turbidity in commercial packaging. The device uses a red-green-blue (RGB) light-emitting diode as a light source to enable independent measurement of absorbance in the sample in 3 wavelength regions ranging up to 4 absorbance units. Absorbance measurement at 3 wavelengths makes it possible to eliminate the effect of the bottle color on the measurement and, apart from color intensity, to distinguish differences in the color hue of the samples.

Title: Experimental sets in optics for Interactive Physics Laboratory Author: Jana Machalická Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Kácovský, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: As part of this thesis, a literature review focused on the topic of optics experiments was conducted. Building on the results of this review, four experimental stations were designed and realized based on the needs of the Interactive Physics Laboratory (IPL), operated by the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University. Corresponding worksheets have also been created and provided to the students participating in each given experiment. The individual experiments, which are focused on the fields of geometrical and wave optics, are described in detail and accompanied by instructions on setting up the stations, as well as important notes on teaching methodology. Following the launch of this Optics experimental suite, a qualitative study exploring the effect of visiting the IPL on the understanding of the related physics concepts was performed by means of a short questionnaire on a small number of respondents. Several conclusions drawn from this study remain as interesting areas of future work. Keywords: physics experiments, labs, optics, secondary school

Optical response of materials strongly depends on their magnetic properties. This phenomenon is also used in materials in the form of thin layers and multi- layers. Using cited literature we summarize theory needed to calculate magneto- optical response of multilayers. The calculation is based on Maxwell equations and magnetic materials are described with effective permittivity tensor. Jones formalism is used to describe polarised light and Yeh formalism is used to de- scribe multilayer response. A program using presented theory was developed and calculations for concrete structure were made. Multilayer parameters were cho- sen to correspond with those of a sample whose magneto-optical response was measured at the Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, MFF UK. 1

These Bachelor thesis aim to extend Collection of Solved Problems in Physics by adding tasks to chapter wave optics and widening newly opened chapter named Optics. This collection is created at the Department of Physics Education. Twenty two tasks were prepared within this thesis and they are included in individual subsections of Wave optics chapter. Each task includes a structured solution and most of them newly drawn pictures. There is a brief description of the collection and characterization of all prepared tasks in the text of the thesis. Four tasks including their structured solution are shown in supplement. All tasks can be found on enclosed CD or on the website of Collection of Solved Problems in Physics http://fyzikalniulohy.cz/.

David Wagenknecht: Abstract of a diploma thesis Optical response of magnetic materials, 2014 Magnetooptical properties of anisotropic semiconductors are studied to describe asymmetry of Ga1−xMnxAs, because theoretical calculations predict extraordinary behaviour of reflectivity. Analytical formulae to describe materials with non-diagonal permittivity are derived and they are used for the numerical calculations to describe the optical response of the samples available for the measurement. The transversal Kerr effect is calculated and it exhibits asymmetry in both rotation of the plane of polarization and ellipticity of circularly polarized light due to asymmetry in reflectivity. Moreover, longitudinal and polar magnetization are studied because of the influence on the observability of the phenomena. Results are not only used to discuss conditions, which must be satisfied to prove the asymmetry, but also the actual experimental setup is designed to prepare the measurement. 1

The Work in the first half deals with the theory of light, answering the question what the light is. It thus encompasses the physical study of light. A large part is also devoted to optics and its history. In the second half of the work we can find chapters that deal with the issue of light in art, accordingly the light as an expressive element of art and also the development of composition of light in the history of visual culture. Not even the theme of light in photography was left out and that is together with the drawing techniques the base of the practical part of this thesis. The analysis concludes with a case study which deals with the composition of light in the medium of drawing.

My diploma thesis deals with the creation of differentiated worksheets for teaching physics on upper primary schools. It is focused specifically on optics and acoustics. The worksheets are used during the physics courses as the variety and supplement teaching in subsequent exercises at home, the development of selected key competencies, enhancing physical and logical thinking, the acquisition and consolidation of concepts and skills in the field of physics. Also in support of homework and even in extracurricular student experiments.

The aim is to analyze the electronic readers and in terms of technical and user parameters to determine how to use them to study subjects in the field of transport and handling equipment. Make a questionnaire survey among students, compared to electronic readers on the market today and make an economic overview.

This diploma work deals the possibilities of use of demonstration set in teaching of optics in the physics. It is focused on general use of technical didactical means in teaching and various approachs to experiments in the school physics. Comparison of actually available sets for demonstration experiments is incorporated in this work. It contains also set of selected experiments and worksheets which were used for verification of tasks. Results of the worksheets are analysed and form the part of the work. The aim is to verify the benefit of use of demonstration sets in the physics teaching.

This thesis is concerned with promoting physical education practicum course. The first section describes the basic knowledge, skills and detailed instructions for creating and processing of measurement reports. The second part is divided into the different roles of physics - Mechanics and thermodynamics, Electricity and magnetism, Oscillations, waves and optics, Electronics, Atomic physics and Special measurements. The third section provides a brief description of the created web sites, their organization and content.

I was concerned with the preconceptions of the pupils in the area of geometric optics in my diploma work. I did the research among the pupils of grammar schools and multi-annual secondary schools. The used test contained ten questions. My choice of the questions was based on the researches concerning the misconceptions in optics that have been already done. I also mention the survey of these researches in my diploma work. I compiled the summary of the textbooks that are used at grammar schools and in the lower degrees of secondary schools in the next part. These textbooks are focused on the topics contained in the questions of the test. The survey of the testing results creates main part of my diploma work. I tested before and after the teaching of optics 162 pupils from eight classes of grammar schools and multi-annual secondary schools took part in the investigation. The table with the most frequent misconceptions that were ascertained during the testing is part of this survey. I devoted to the differences in the results between the pupils from grammar schools and multi-annual secondary schools and also the differences in the results of boys and girls.