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Fighting poverty and social exclusion constitutes one of the European Union's main goals. The EU understands the word "poverty" to connote insufficient income and unequal access to social wealth. The solution to this problem is considered so crucial that on 12th December 200? the European Commission designated year 2010 to be the European Year for Combating Poverty and Social Exclusion. In order to reduce poverty, a common understanding of the root factors is necessary. In the article we examine affected households in Slovakia and Czech. Then we analyse the influence of significant factors for poverty. Our analysis is based on data collected during a project in Slovakia and Czech EU SILC 2006. Later this article deals with multivariate evaluation regions of Slovakia and Czech in 2006. Because the input selected indicators of poverty are dependent, we have to transform the dependent indicators to a smaller set of independent principal components and then carry out the evaluation. The result is evaluation of regions according to different point of view poverty. In the next analysis we focused on evaluation of Slovak and Czech regions according to the size of individual component scores (dimension). We used a graphic presentation of achieved results too. By according results of this analysis is possible to state, that they exist man sized differents among regions of Slovak and Czech republic from point of view poverty. The worst situation is on east of Slovakia and on south of Slovakia too. In Czech Republic they are the most poverty-stricken regions on Moravia and on north of Czech. In both of them is the best situation in capital sities and neighbourhood from point of view poverty. They are superior to economic forwardness and standard of living in comparison with others regions. Result from analysis is that economic growth concentrated in only some regions and others regions came to growth of unemployment. The unemployment sent down ability of households to face financial expenses. In Slovakia it showed dependency of poverty from education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]