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The objective of this diploma thesis is to explain trade in conflict diamonds and to assess international fight against this illegal trade. The primary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of the current legislation (international and national level), for example by comparative analysis of the different legislation in selected countries. The aim of this thesis is also to identify the significant historical changes to the regulatory framework and to assess the Kimberley Process and the mechanisms in diamond trade. The aim is also to identify the role of nongovernmental organizations in the Kimberley Process (development of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme) or in the resolution of conflicts. This thesis consists of six chapters. The second chapter is dedicated to the general characteristics of diamonds and aspects of international diamond trade. The third chapter has an aim to describe conflict diamonds and conflicts financed by illegal diamond trade. The fourth and fifth chapter deals exclusively with fight against the trade in conflict diamonds. Conflict diamonds, or so called blood diamonds, are still a very serious global problem and each state should develop and implement the right legal measures in this area in order to substantially reduce this illegal trade.

The thesis deals with the international diamond trade. It describes diamond as a unique commodity, which is a subject of interest of collectors and investors. The first part is focused on a general characteristic and an international evaluation of diamonds; next part presents world deposits and describes mining and processing of diamonds. The main part is devoted to trading with diamonds. This part presents the diamond market, its main players, places and volume of trade. The final part refers to conflict diamonds and the consequential Kimberley Process and other control measures when dealing with diamonds.

This thesis deals with the issue of blood diamonds and the role of NGOs in the Kimberley Process. The theoretical part explains the concept of "blood diamonds" and decsribes conflict resolution in international relations and the status of NGOs in international relations. The practical part describes the role of NGOs in the Kimberley process (their role in adopting the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme), evaluates the situation in Zimbabwe after the discovery of the diamond fields in Chiadzwa and describes the subsequent reaction of the Kimberley Process for blood diamonds in Zimbabwe. The thesis deals with the criticism of the Kimberley Process -- NGOs criticise the Kimberley process mainly for its inefficiency, lack of transparency and inadequate control mechanisms.

This work investigates how the delimitation of rights of ownership influences economic and political stabilities of the country which is characterized by large mineral riches, particularly by diamonds. Theoretical part of the work is summarizing actual knowledge of several important economists in a spere of juridical delimitation of the private ownership and its subsequent protection. Precisely existence of this two elements is a condition for stability of economy, its long-term qrowth and entire welfare of society. In a practical part of the work these theoretical conclusions are applied to problems of so-called blood diamonds, existence of which was caused patricularly by absence of private ownership and its protection in quite a number of African countries. The closing part of the work is answering the query if a Kimberley's process, which tried to solve problems of blood diamonds, can from the long-term point of view represent an insurance against their prospective further revert to the world-wide markets.