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The physical activity of patients plays an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical activity is characterized by any movement caused by skeletal muscle contraction, which leads to increased energy requirements. Regular physical activity plays an important role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Physical activity contributes to the energy balance between income and expenditure. Therapeutic exercise can help improve the health and quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. The most common types of exercise in therapy include aerobic exercise, strength exercise and interval exercise. The most important effects of exercise include effects on insulin resistance, blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin HbA1c levels, and also the effect on lipid profile. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Regular exercise leads to stimulation of the production of cytokines and thus may stimulate the anti-inflammatory effect. Exercise also plays an important role in preventing the onset of diabetes mellitus. A significant effect of exercise is also in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus. Exercise is potential therapy also in the treatment of complications of diabetes mellitus and also in preventing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seronegative spondyloarthritis is a progressive inflammatory disease with a wide and varied range of symptoms. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by pain and structural changes. Ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by functional disorders such as reduced mobility and axial deformity, leading to a decrease in patient quality of life. The purpose of this article is to provide basic information on therapeutic options for exercise in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Therapeutic exercise is the most important non-pharmacological intervention in patients. In addition to positive metabolic effects, exercise also plays an important role in improving spinal mobility and muscle strength. Maintaining proper postural posture appears to play a key role in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Muscle contraction stimulates and promotes the secretion of cytokines called myokines. The best known is interleukin-6 (IL-6). This myokine also acts indirectly in the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Exercise improves quality of life, physical condition, and symptoms associated with ankylosing spondylitis.