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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) represents a rare malignant affection of heart and aorta. Its clinical presentation depends on the localisation, size, degree of invasion and metastasis. Previously, relatively few cases of acute tumour mass embolisation into the visceral and limb arterial system were described in the literature. In the present case study we describe a case of acute ischemia of both lower extremities caused by thromboembolic mass of MFH cells. According to literary sources this tumour type is characterized by poor prognosis as it was in the case of our patient.

Two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the breast are presented. The first case was a 63-year-old patient with MFH of myxoid type, the second case was a 79-year-old patient with MFH of pleiomorphic type. MFH is one of the most common tumors of the soft tissues, but its primary occurrence in the breast is rare. Immunohistochemical detection of antigens in the cytoplasm of histiocytes by antibdy LN 5 (Anti-Macrophage, BioGenex) can be helpful in rendering of the right diagnosis.

The authors presented the case of an 82-year-old man with primary nodular melanoma of the skin on the back (Breslow 3 mm) which repeatedly metastasized five times to the cervical lymph nodes. Metastases were excised. The aim of this report was to demonstrate changes in the phenotype and immunophenotype during tumour progression. Originally round and oval melanoblasts had a characteristic immunophenotype. They were S100 protein, HMB45, Malan A, MITF positive. From the second biopsy the immunophenotype began to change, and the amount of positive cells declined. In the succeeding biopsies the morphology was also changed. There were spindle cells which formed mutually intermingled bundles in places with large multinucleate cells. The histological pattern assembled malignant mesenchymal tumour - type malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The immunophenotype was also changed. The second to fifth metastases in the cervical region were only S100 protein positive. The other above-mentioned melanoma markers were negative. Differential diagnosis includes neurotropic-desmoplastic malignant melanoma, Bednár tumour (pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans; storiform neurofibroma), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (neurogenic sarcoma) and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.