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Building on historical traditions, customs, the economic and legislative environment, accounting regulation in different countries takes place in different forms and by different bodies. Currently, the main accounting standards in the world are International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and US Accounting Standards (US GAAP). This thesis deals with the definition of main elements of financial statements as well as with the methodology of their compilation, both from the perspective of these standards and further according to the Czech accounting legislation (CAL). The practical part of this thesis is aimed at identifying significant differences in the financial statements of a selected sample of companies, whose sectoral activity is related to the concept of the circular economy, taking into account the use of different reporting standards, namely in comparison between IFRS and CAL.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the market value of the selected company. For this purpose, the yield method of discounted cash flows in the variant was chosen. The data used to calculate the market value of the selected company were drawn from publicly available sources and from the financial statements of the valued company STAVOKLIMA s.r.o. for the years 2015 - 2019. Subsequently, a forecast was made for the years 2020 - 2024. The theoretical part is based on sources, which are listed in the bibliography. Terms and analysis, which precede the calculation of the value of the company, along with all the used valuation methods, are analyzed in the theoretical part. The practical part is focused on a the specific company and uses the procedures described in the theoretical part of this thesis.

The bachelor thesis is focused on the financial analysis of a specific company Pejšův Mlýn Sedlčany, s.r.o. The financial analysis use horizontal and vertical analysis of financial statements from 2014-2018, use differential and absolute indicators, as well as use a pyramid decomposition and creditworthiness and bankruptcy model. Information from the balance sheet, profit and loss statement, cash flow statement and notes in the financial statements are used for the analysis. The procedures are described in more detail in the theoretical part. The results of the calculations of the analyzed company are in the practical part compared with a sample of companies with the same production focus. The financial analysis showed that the monitored company is not doing very well, especially in liquidity and indebtedness, it does not maintain the amount of net working capital. Foreign sources in the company amount to over 90%, I propose an increase in equity. Funding needs to be increased, for example by selling unnecessary material and low-turnover stocks. The company should try to reduce the turnover time of receivables in order to have funds at its disposal. It should also seek to sell overdue receivables.

Accounting entities draw up the financial statement to the balance day. The annual financial statement consists of few constituent financial statements which give the users an overall view of company´s economic activities during the financial year. The way to make the financial statement is to do several necessary activities which are commonly known as closing of books. Despite the fact that the financial statement must be drawn up in compliance with the requirements for true and fair representation of the subject of accounting, there could be some mistakes done during entering the sums in the accounts. These mistakes affect the financial statement and they have to be corrected. The knowledge of empirical part is applied when drawing up the financial statement of a chosen company. The major part of this work is focused on the correction of the mistakes this company made in accounting during the last years.

At the beginning the dissertation is focused on the harmonization of accounting in the EU, the mechanics of implementing standards in the EU and regulations in accounting in general. Thereafter the dissertation devotes to accounting in legislative adaptation of the Czech Republic and Germany. More specifically, it covers history, regulations, accounting principles and requirements, reporting and measurement of assets and obligations of both countries. In the next part, the measurement bases used in czech and german accounting are being analyzed, furthermore measurement of single assets components in the Czech republic and Germany. The practical part of the dissertation is devoted to the comparison of final accounts of selected companies in the czech and german practice in the year 2015, being followed by looking into differences between these two countries.

Diploma thesis Analysis of cross border mergers in Czech Republic and Hungary consists of two parts theoretical and practical one. The first part briefly describes general terms that are necessary for better understatement in terms of mergers and acquisitions. The first half of the theoretical part focuses on key steps and regulations (law, accounting and taxes) that need to be fulfilled to make a cross border merger in Czech Republic. In the second half, the same steps are being analyzed, but from the Hungarian point of view. The last part, the practical one, shows the accomplished cross border mergers in Hungary from years 2013 to 2017. The main goal of the thesis is to explore the legal, accounting and tax aspects of cross border mergers in Czech Republic and in Hungary.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to carry out an evaluation of financial health of company BigBoard Praha, a. s. which is based on publicly available data from the years of 2013-2015. First part of the thesis describes used methodology, which includes horizontal and vertical analysis, ratio analysis and financial market analysis. Second part is dedicated to presentation of analysed company and elaboration of financial analysis itself. The thesis concludes with a summary of ascertained results and a formulation of recommendations with respect to the future development of the company.

The object of this bachelor thesis is the evaluation of the financial situation of the company TOS VARNSDORF a.s. through the financial analysis. This thesis consists of two part: methodical one and practical one. In the methodical part, there are determined methods and techniques of financial analysis, which are applied on the selected company in the practical part. The end of this thesis is donated to additional analysis and complex evaluation of the company situation in the analyzed period (2011-2014).

This bachelor thesis is focused on analysis of the financial statements from the perspective of a potential creditor. The first chapter deals with the financial statements in accordance with the Czech legislation valid until the end of 2015. The next chapter describes the creditor and his main interests in the financial statements of the selected business corporation. The following section is devoted to selected indicators of the financial analysis that creditor may use for making decisions. In the practical part the financial statements are analyzed from the perspective of the creditor. Then the indicators of the financial analysis were calculated and evaluated. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to decide whether the potential creditor would be willing to provide a credit to the selected business corporation or not.

This bachelor thesis works with an importance of public sector and its accounting. It is focused on public finance and public budgets. The main part of the thesis is dedicated to contributory organizations and their accounting and financial management. Moreover, this thesis analyses the relationship between the contributory organization and its founder. Practical part deals with Gymnázium Boženy Němcové contributory organization and its founder Královéhradecký kraj.

Financial analysis is the important device of assessing the financial situation of enterprise on the basis of the financial statements for several periods. It serves for decision making for both owners and shareholders, and banks and state assemblies. After the performed financial analysis the enterprise should be able to decide about the use of free funds, about its structure of assets and about the way of the funding to the future. The theoretical part deals with the aim and the object of the financial analysis, users of the financial analysis and techniques for evaluation of the financial health of enterprise. The practical part determines financial ratios of the financial analysis, such as profitability of the enterprise or solvency, applied on the industrial enterprise. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the development of the financial situation in the selected industrial enterprise, identify the potential sources of the inefficiency and propose the measures for their elimination.

This thesis is concerned with generally accepted accounting principles in the Czech Republic. Emphasis is laid on the application of these principles to a well-defined set of steps that must be followed when preparing a closing financial statement. A secondary aim of this study is to evaluate current legislative measures in terms of how sufficient they are for the proper use of the principles in the Czech Republic. These measures are compared with international accounting standards. In order to accomplish the objectives, theoretical knowledge was gathered, and then applied to specific cases, which are described in the comments section. The second part is supplemented with a comparison of Czech and international legislation, emphasizing the main differences and drawbacks that may influence the application of the accounting principles. The conclusion provides a summary of research findings.

The main goal of this bachelors thesis is to represent foreign currency operations and rate differences according to the Czech legislation in contrast with International Financial Reporting Standards IFRS/IAS while directing at the tourist industry area. The first part of this work covers the introduction into the tourist industry area and its history in the Czech Republic including factual information. The introducing part is followed by theoretical definition of the Czech legislation in comparison with International Financial Reporting Standards IFRS/IAS, both focusing on foreign currency. Several particular examples are represented subsequently in each chapter. The conclusion of this thesis is dedicated to the comparison between both aforementioned systems and different possible consequences in final accounts.

This bachelor thesis focuses on the Benford's law, also called the First-Digit Law. The major objective of this study is to describe the application of the law customarily in accounting and auditing. It outlines possible complications in the practical application, but attempts to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings. Selected financial statements served as subjects for the empirical part of the study. Financial statements are matched against the expected Benford's common distribution utilizing the Pearson's chi-squared test.

This thesis deals with International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs). The objective of this thesis is analyzing the status of IFRS for SMEs within the legislative context in the Czech republic. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains basic information on international accounting harmonization and its development, theoretical bases of IFRS for SME, defines the conditions for recognition, measurement and reporting of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The next chapter of the theoretical part contains composition of financial statements. The practical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter contains a comparison of items with the Czech accounting legislation. In the next chapter, the balance sheet of a particular enterprise is converted to the statement of financial position. The last chapter of the practical part of the thesis is devoted to the questionnaire survey. The objective of this survey was to determine, whether companies are informed of the reporting within the IFRS for SME.

The goal of the diploma thesis is describing the process of winding up of business company, as a process leading to closure of business and dissolution of a company. The work is focused on legal, accounting and tax purposes in the Czech Republic and as well as in the Poland republic, including analysis of the diversity.

The financial statement is a last activity of accounting work which an accounting unit have to draw up after some period of time. The district court belongs to budget organizations. An effect of this fact are some differences in statements. In theoretical part of work is uncluttered summary of the important informations about the financial statement and in practical part is interesting comparation between the financial statement of the budget organization and the financial statement of businessmen, its accounting, tax and legal aspects.

The goal of this dissertation was to specify duties for company, methods of consolidation, describe conditions and to insight into consolidated financial statement according to czech law and to IFRS. First thing that was needed was to collect necessary documents. At accounting unit was performed straight consolidation in accordance to full method. There were no partial statements assembled. Only one consolidated statement for whole consolidation unit was created. Chosen consolidation unit was composed of main company and three subsidiarit. Main company owns 100% of two subsidiaries and one of subsidiaries was 100% owner of the last subsidiary. There was caused a significant lowering of assets and liabilites by consolidation of financial statement in chosen accounting unit.

The aim of this thesis is to characterize the various procedures that the auditor performs during his work and describe the process of the financial statement and annual report audit of the particular company.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the selected financial statements between the Czech and Slovak Republic, to identify differences in form and content and also on the example of Slovak and Czech companies evaluate the financial health of companies with _ selected indicators from financial analysis. The work is divided into three chapters. The first deals with basic characteristics of individual reports and describes the financial analysis. The second compares the various statements in the two countries and highlights the differences that are often compared in the tables for clarity. The last chapter is dedicated to financial analysis of the Czech and Slovak companies. This chapter is supplemented by tables, which are used to better explain this issue. Attachments consists of balance sheets and profit and loss accountsfor both companies in full text, and also from their horizontal and vertical analyzes.

The aim of the diploma thesis is verification of the financial statement and annual report in a specifically selected company. The application part follows the theoretical characterization of the latest auditing procedures, legislative and other adjustements in the Czech republic. Firstly the thesis is focused on the theoretical solution concerning the audit of the financial statement and annual report. In the first chapter are characterised the most important terms relating to the auditing such as subject and objective of audit, users of accounting information or qualities and qualifications of auditor. The next part concludes legal and professional background of auditing in the Czech republic. Major part of the theoretical section consists of the latest attitude to the auditing procedures of verification of the financial statement and annual report. There is also a description of the auditing process according to a methodical manual. The last and the most crucial part of the thesis consists of a practical application of auditing procedures of verificaion of the financial statement and annual report in a selected company. A subchapter receiving the most attention is Realization of auditing procedures that is based on analysis of the particular part of assets, liabilities, costs and profits.

The work is about the differences in accounting according to company management, defines the possible differences in the financial statements between companies led by the owners or managers. The theoretical part defines the function and history of accounting, users of financial data, origin and activities of the audit, including a description of regulatory accounting statements in the Czech Republic and their explanatory power. The work focuses on the possible role of relationship conflicts owner and manager in connection with accounting. The practical part deal with results of the questionnaire and discusses selected cases of conflicts of financial analysis specific entity, which is also the owner of the business manager. The conclusion is comparing the theoretic knowledge with practical information.

This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of liquidation of business companies in the Czech Republic as a process leading to closure of business and dissolution of a company. The thesis comes up with characteristics of the liquidation process focusing especially on accounting as well as legal and tax aspects of the process. Basic accounting scenarios are shown on practical examples of a fictive company in liquidation.

The aim of this Bachelor's work is to describe methods of stock accounting focused on own production stock and to consider impact on financial statement. Further to put into effect the change of evaluation of own production stock and to compare accounting statements. The classification and methods of stock accounting and stock evaluation are described in theoretical part of work. The evaluation is described in the case acquisition and also in the case of stock release.. According to this work, the most important is acquisition ? own production stock. The level of influence on financial statement, which is cause by change of calculation of costs, is described in practical part of the work. There are shown original and new calculations and results of new calculations are used for creating of new balance sheet and profit and loss statement.

The aim of this master's thesis is to describe the principle of the transition in accordance with IFRS. This thesis aims to introduce readers to the issues of conversion of financial statement prepared under Czech accounting regulations and financial statement prepared in accordance with IAS/IFRR; furthermore it aims to digestedly describe individual steps of this complex process focusing on current legal regulations. The dissertation in its beginning familiarize readers with the main differences between Czech accounting regulations and IAS/IFRS, further it mentions possibilities of the sole conversion of financial statement to IFRS and last, but not least it describes aforesaid issues with relations to chosen corporations that have reported in accordance with IFRS.

The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the definition of accounting information, namely the financial statements and annual reports. Attention is also paid to the accounting principles and requirements which are placed in preparation and publication of financial statements, then the possible sanctions threatened in the event of default this legal responsibility. The practical part is focused on companies that the financial statements and annual reports not published. The practical part is based on own research of the commercial register and the questionnaire research.

Main topic of this diploma thesis is an overall analysis of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implementation. However it focuses not only on the implementation process itself but it also describes IFRS as such; deals with its history and its function in both international and Czech accounting environments. Part of this thesis is also a comparison of bookkeeping according to Czech accounting regulations and international accounting standards; summary of legal differences, and problems that come with these differences. Second part of the thesis introduces an analysis of the implementation process shown on a particular Czech company -- RETAL CZECH a.s.

Purpose of this work is to describe long-termed tangible assets in compliance with IFRS and U.S. GAAP and compare their individual elements using financial statements of The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola HBC. Part of this work will focus on ongoing convergent process. Specifity of agriculture (IAS 41) is not an object of this work.

This bachelor work is dealing with financial statements according to the accounting legislature of Czech Republic and to the International financial reporting standards, with more detailed sight on Statement of financial position by another name on balance sheet. At first it characterizes single parts of financial statements according to the legislature of Czech Republic and then according to the IFRS. In the elaboration of this work, there are also described the most important differences between those two financial systems which concern to the putting the balance sheet together and stating the single items of the balance sheet.

This thesis concerns the issues of the harmonization of the Czech accounting legislature on the international accounting. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part defines the fundamental principles of the International Accounting Standards and compares them with the accounting legislature of the Czech Republic. It outlines the basic responsibilities for the accounting. Further, it compares the conceptual framework and the valuation bases. One of the chapters deals with the entering of the International Accounting Standards into the Czech environment. The second part concerns the analysis of Czech accounting in relation to the specific International Accounting Standards, in particular, IAS 1 {--} Insurance Contracts, IAS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment, IAS 17 {--} Leases. Finally, the different standards are compared with the Czech accounting legislature and the IFRS Financial Statement is presented.

The subject of my bachelor thesis is Trading income and its settlement. I have described closing entries and procedures that conduce to ascertainment of trading income, its publication and transformation into tax base in order to compute a corporation income tax. These bookkeeping operations are known as a financial statement. They take place at the end of current accounting period and at the beginning of following accounting period. The purpose of financial statement is to disclose all relevant information about property, financial and income situation of company. The aim of my bachelor thesis has been to describe this accounting sphere coherently, schematically apply theoretical pieces of knowledge in chosen company and compare achieved results with information that were recorded by addressed company for a same accounting period. I was interested whether there is possible to deviate and simultaneously to be in conformity with rules of law and what the consequence of usage of alternative processes is. I have focused on closing the books of accounts, ascertainment of trading income and preparation of the balance sheet and profit and loss statement for a year 2007 in practical section of my thesis.

práce se zabývá prozkoumáním účetních výkazů dle české legislativy a mezinárodních standardů účetního výkaznictví

The aim of this work is carried out using selected methods the financial analysis of a Health-Care facility of the nature a hospital, an assessment of its financial health, its operation and financing.

The thesis deals with the characteristics of financial leasing and consumer lending, wals of bookeeping, tax burden, reflection of operations in financial statements and aboe all the analysis of diference of both variants. The output of this thesis is statement, witch of the financial methods is preferable a than comparison of different types of financial leasing.

The aim of the thesis is to prepare a financial project for newly founded small bakery. The thesis will contain forms of founding the company and expected development of company's behaviour for first five years of its existence on the market. Finally I will make evaluation of my investment into this bakery.

The Bachelor Assignment deals with Financial Balance and Financial Statement within the legislation of the Czech Republic. It describes the financial balance and proceeding for the book closing. Listing of sorts of the book closing is propounded in the section on Financial Statement. Moreover, individual registers can be found there. It also focuses on computing economy results and tax base. The Bachelor Assignment also deals with the process of verification of the financial statement by an auditor, then with annual report and making the financial statement public. In the last part, theoretical information is recapitulated and shown on a fictional example of the Drevonabytek firm, Ltd. This model can be used as the essential instruction for compilation of the financial statement and final accounts.

This master thesis deals with consolidation of financial statement. Thesis shows theoretical background of forming a financial statement according to Czech accounting system and IFRS. Procedure of forming the financial statement, types of statements and structure of financial statement are described in the theoretical part. Also content and compulsory parts of financial statement are delineated. As for the consolidation, forming of consolidated financial statement in accordance with Czech accounting and IFRS are also described theoretically. In this part the definition of consolidation unit, the principles of forming the consolidation and the conditions of using the mentioned methods are recounted. The parts of consolidated financial statements are also described. The application part was divided into two main goals. The first was to create a part of financial statement (Balance sheet and Profit and loss statement to 31. 12. 2007). The second aim was to form a consolidated financial statement. The Sauter Automation, spol. s r. o. kindly provided the data necessary for elaborating this master thesis.

The goal of this thesis is compilation of financial statements under IFRS and Czech law, focusing on the establishment of two major financial statements. First and second chapter deal with theoretical requirements the compilation of reports according to Czech legislation and IFRS. The work focuses on theoretical and practical description of the selected areas for exploring the activities to be carried out prior to financial close. The final chapters are to describe differences between IFRS and Czech accounting, billing scheme to capture the differences and copy of statements of financial position and financial performance in terms of IFRS, the balance sheet and profit and loss statement in terms of Czech accounting.

Bachelor work concerned with comparing individual Financial statement according to the Czech regulations and to IFRS. Both financial statements and their statements are described in the text. In the last part I'm comparing selected items of balance sheet, which are most useable in the practices.