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Objective: To give an overview about the role of the innate immunity in pathogenesis of intraamniotic inflammation in pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes., Design: Review article., Setting: Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague., Method: An overview of recent published data., Conclusion: Immune system has an indisplaceable function throughout the successful pregnancy. Spontaneous labor is the result of many factors in which innate immunity playes a major role. The increased concentrations of proinflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alfa a IL-8) were found in amniotic fluid both in term and in preterm spontaneous delivery. These markers could be used for an early diagnosis of intraamnial infection/inflammation, which is the most common cause of preterm delivery (PTD) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The elevation of these markers could also better determine the patients with enhanced probability of PTD and PPROM.