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The Moral Crime and its Prevention Abstract The thesis deals with the topic of moral crime and its prevention. The aim of this thesis is to provide a basic overview of the field of moral crime, to define the basic concepts related to this issue and to provide a deeper insight into the interpretation of selected sexual offences. This thesis is composed of four main chapters, each of which focuses on different aspects of the matter at hand and attempts to grasp it from multiple different perspectives. The introductory chapter contains definitions of basic terms related to sexual offences. It concentrates on defining terms such as morality, law or moral crime itself. It focuses primarily on the relationship between these terms, how law and morality differ from each other, and defines the general concept of crime in terms of legal and sociological concepts. The central part of this chapter is the definition of the concept of moral crime and its relationship to morality and law. Furthermore, the focus is on the statistical development of moral crime. The second chapter discusses the offender and victim of moral crime. The concept of the offender is defined from both a criminal law and criminological perspective. The categorization of offenders is described from various perspectives and the issue of sexual...

The dissertation thesis examines czech literary censorship after 1989. It presents a polemical addition to a monograph published one year earlier entitled V obecném zájmu [In the General Interest], which covered the same period. The main methodological resource is represented by the books of a British theatrologist Helen Freshwater, who based her inclusive model of censorship on the border crossing of hard and soft censorship. Moreover, she moved her emphasis on discourse as the main indicator of what is considered a censor´s intervention in a particular historical moment. The core of the thesis consists of four chapters, which on the basis of the original research examine the typical cases of censorship and related discourse. These chapters are included in a broader frame of a changing notion of censorship and political correctness in the discussed period. The chapter devoted to the banned skinhead music group Braník is based on the examination of the respective court´s files and the analysis of the changing notion of freedom of speech in the beginning of the 1990s. The chapter about the censorship of literature for children and youth is based on the comparison of various editions of books written by Bohumil Říha. Furthermore, the conditions are observed, under which the interventions to these new editions were identified as censorship. Censorship on internet is treated in the chapter devoted to the regulation of the virtual (literary) child pornography, while the chapter devoted to political correctness focuses on texts and paratexts of splatterpunk literature. This doctoral work should offer a complex picture of changing ways of censorship and thinking after 1989.

Criminal Aspects of Pornography Summary The main purpose of this thesis is to introduce the phenomenon of pornography in terms of criminal law, to point out flaws in the current relevant criminal legislation in the Czech Republic and to propose a possible solution in a form of potential legislative changes. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first chapter deals with definition issue of vague legal term of "pornography" and other related terms ("child pornography", "hardcore pornography"). Furthermore, it briefly describes attitudes to the term of pornography in the legal systems of Slovakia and the United States of America and examines the issue of so called virtual pornography. The second chapter provides an overview of the related most important international instruments such as anti-pornography treaties concluded in the early 20th century as well as modern United Nations and Council of Europe treaties and European Union legal documents aiming at combat sexual exploitation of children and child pornography. The third chapter outlines historical development of the Czechoslovak and Czech criminal regulation of pornography in the former Austro-Hungarian criminal codes, recodification draft bills from the era of the First Czechoslovak Republic, socialist criminal codes of 1950 and 1961 and later...

RESUME V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE The topic of this thesis is commercial sexual exploitation of children, which is defined in international documents as sexual abuse by an adult and remuneration in money or non- monetary benefits to the child or to a third party. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first chapter is dedicated to theoretical introduction to the phenomenon of commercial sexual exploitation of children. For each form of commercial sexual exploitation of children are given the historical aspects of the origin, causes and forms of their existence and examples from practice. The second chapter focuses on international cooperation in the field of protection of children against commercial sexual exploitation. It mentions three most important international congresses that took place since 1996 - World Congress in Stockholm, Yokohama and in Rio de Janeiro. There were accepted soft law documents. In the third chapter is incorporated international legislation of the fight against sexual violence against children. There are presented and analyzed major international documents. These are documents of the United Nations, the Council of Europe and the European Union. The forth chapter contains national legislation of Czech Republic. This chapter is divided pursuant to the individual form of commercial sexual...

Topic of the thesis: Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children The topic of this thesis is commercial sexual exploitation of children, which represents fundamental violation of children's rights. It comprises sexual abuse by an adult and remuneration in money or non-monetary benefits to the child or to a third party. The child is treated as a sexual object and as a commercial object. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first chapter is dedicated to theoretical introduction to the phenomenon of commercial sexual exploitation of children, the process of its recognition and the current situation. Criminological aspects are also mentioned. The second chapter deals with international treatment of protection of children against commercial sexual exploitation and turns attention to documents adopted by the United Nations, the International Labour Organization, the International Tourism Organization, the Council of Europe and the European Union. The core of this thesis is elaborated on in the third chapter, which focuses on criminal protection of children against commercial sexual exploitation in the Czech Republic and concentrates on the analysis of the elements of crimes penalizing various aspects of this phenomenon. The analysis is divided by the forms of actions into trafficking of children,...

This thesis is dedicated to the sexting, which has in recent years concentrated mainly among teenagers. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the Internet, since the communication path is widely used to send sexting photos. In chapter 1.1 Internet we can find some introductory words about what the internet is, how it works and especially the dangers to users of this media lurking, if you' re not careful about how you treat the information about yourselves. The second part focuses on the very phenomenon of sexting. This gives us the opportunity to learn basic information about it and realize that this isn´t just about sending sexual photos, and that this behavior often brings a negative experience that can individually affect the psyche of each person. The work is also focused on cyberbullying and cybersex, because of this issue is very close to sexting. The third chapter deals with sexting and child pornography. This section summarizes the most important facts about child pornography and I focus here to show that sexting may be in some ways a synonym of the distribution of child pornography. The aim of the work itself is to find out what teenagers know about sexting, if they know this term and what experience, if there are any, have they with sexting. This research utilized qualitative strategies, method of interviewing and technique of semi-structured interview. The sample consisted of nine children, who were from several cities in the Czech Republic and for their selection I chose the technique of not-empiric choice, snow-ball. The first part of the interview deals with the ownership of a cell phone and a personal account on social network. These data are important for research in this area, because the cell phone and the internet, resp. social networks are most widely used by modern means of communication that is used for sending photos. The second part of the interview deals with fundamental questions about sexting, if children know the term and if they perceive any risks that could stem from this behavior. The third part of the interview is about concrete experiences with sexting. I tried to find out if sexting children have personal experience and if they don´t, how they view those who actively sext. The summary shows that children today know what sexting is, even though they often don´t know it as sexting. From the research that I conducted, indicates that children usually use for taking photos of themselves naked cell phone, that is also the main resource to load this photos on the internet, especially on the Facebook page. Children who are sexting, do not know or realize risks and send photos again. Children who don´t do sexting are aware of the risks, and they don´t want to do this. With my work I would like to contribute actively to increase public awareness of the phenomenon and in particular I would like to appeal to parents, teachers and other adults to don´t take this phenomenon easy and take care about teenagers so that they never had to deal with the consequences that may sending sexual pictures cause

This thesis analyzes the change in quantity demanded of sexual intercourse with minors in dependence on the cost of child pornography. Using this method it examines the type of the good, whether it is a substitute or a complement. Usage possibilities are discussed for child pornography as a complement or a substitute for child intercourse. Thereafter, regression analysis using first-differences and fixed-effects methods follows, which confirms inverse relationship between quantity demanded of sexual intercourse with minors and the cost of child pornography finding child pornography being a substitute for the demand for underage intercourse. This regression analysis is conducted based on the data from the years 2001-2008 from the USA and from the Czech Republic by using internet development as an proxy variable to measure the decline in the cost of child pornography. USA's proxy being assigned IP addresses. As an instrument IP address are used in the USA, and number of households with the internet accession Czech Republic. Estimated results served as a basis for formulating suggestions as to how to lower the number of sexual violence victims. The recommendation is reducing repression for holding child pornography.