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In the course of human history man has been changing his choice of food, the way of its acquisition and preparation. At present nutrition is considered to be a part of our lifestyle, on the one side it presents a source of energy, on the other side a source of vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Nutrition is widely affected by the socio-economic terms and conditions of the particular individual, at the same time it is a factor with a strong impact on man not only in terms of meeting his basic needs, but also in terms of his psychology. Nowadays, nutrition presents a widely discussed topic with respect to the risks of civilisation disorders, obesity in particular. Current professional estimates suggest that nutrition participates in the health condition of population by 40 to 60 percent. The objective of my work consists in mapping and comparing the conditions of operation in two social care institutions providing catering services, namely ``Dětský stacionář Světluška o.p.s.{\crqq} and Social Care Centre Empatie, which is a part of the social care institution Libnič. The technical and operational conditions in terms of public health protection standards as related to the current legislation were dealt with. In both studied institutions an analysis and evaluation of the all-day catering of clients in compliance with the principles of healthy nutrition including drinking regime were carried out. The intake of milk, milk products, fruits and vegetables, wholemeal products (bakery products in particular), the introduction of fish meals to the menus as compared with the standards of healthy nutrition and the food pyramid were studied. The last but not least criterion of the study was the finding that clients, due to lack of exercise, tend to show a higher body mass index {--} a heavier weight {--} as compared with the recommended values. 80 clients were monitored in the Empatie institution, both children and adults, 30 clients with their age ranging between 4 and 29 years were studied in Světluška. The Hypotheses H2 and H3 predicting that all-day catering menus would show insufficient intake values of milk, milk products, fruits, vegetables, fish and wholemeal products on the one side, and on the other side that the technical and operational conditions of rendered catering services in terms of public health protection standards would comply with the valid legislation could be confirmed by the research carried out in both social institutions. The theory of Hypothesis H1 related to the evaluation of the weight values of clients in both institutions due to lack of exercise has been disproved. The research results will be provided both to the two studied institutions for the purposes of increasing their quality of rendered services, and to the Regional Authority of Public Health and Hygiene KHS of the South Bohemian Region based in České Budějovice. Here they can serve as a source of information as related to the elaboration of check plans. The results can also be used as data for further research and studies in the field of preventive supervision.

Child obesity is becoming a huge problem not just in the Czech Republic, but also among other developed countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) claimed that obesity is a plague of the 21st century. There was a noticeable prevalence of obesity and overweight in industrialized countries and also in the Southern Hemisphere. Although adult obesity has been increasing, the number of obese children has gone up even more rapidly. Currently, in the Czech Republic, nine percent of children are overweight and six percent of children are obese. There are even 4-year-old or 5-year-old children who are 50 kilograms. The theoretical part consists of children{\crq}s health care, the educational role of nurses in primary care, its definition, its purpose, its diagnostics, health risks, and the prevention of obese children. In the theoretical part we focus on the role of school nurse and her importance in the Czech Republic. The object of my graduation work was to get an overview of school children{\crq}s obesity in selected schools in West Bohemia. The scheduled targets were fulfilled. Included in the research were two pre-set assumptions. The first assumption was that the eating habits of school age children do not correspond with rational nutrition. It was not confirmed because it was found that in our research only a minority of pupils don{\crq}t keep up with the principals of rational nutrition. The second assumption stated that insufficient physical activity influences the occurrence of obesity of school age children. This hypothesis was confirmed. Pupils in their leisure time do not pay attention to physical activity at all. They usually watch TV, play PC games, or use PCs for school and other purposes. The research results should be used in the education plan for pupils, teachers and nurses in primary care, they also should improve the lifestyle of school age children, explain to them the importance of a correct way of living. And, in the last place, the results should help to forge good cooperation in the area of obesity prevention and in the area of school age children{\crq}s lifestyles