Search

The Bronze Age (BA) in Central Europe witnessed significant transformations in various aspects of human activities. This study focuses on changes in subsistence strategies during the BA, represented by the assortment of edible plants. We examined charred macroremains from 39 archaeological sites in the Czech Republic. Our aims include providing an overview of crop records, determining the dating of new crop introductions, and identifying spatial patterns of the assortment changes. The results indicate a complex agricultural transformation. Emmer and einkorn dominated in the Early Bronze Age (EBA), while the broomcorn millet was widespread in the Middle Bronze Age (MBA). The Late Bronze Age (LBA) saw increased cereal and pulse diversity, whereas the Final Bronze Age (FBA), characterised by coexisting cereals, represented a terminal stage of the process of gradually evolving subsistence strategies. The study highlights the sudden introduction of broomcorn millet in the MBA and expanding the range of crops, which allowed more flexible responses to local conditions and a better distribution of field work throughout the year.

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Thracian land was a very attractive place for the ancient Greeks and their economic expansion. At the end of the 5th century BC, the Greek inland emporion, known as Pistiros, was founded on the upper Maritsa River in inner Thrace, today south‑central Bulgaria. More than twenty‑five years of successful international cooperation of archaeology with environmental sciences has revealed the existence of a very important commercial centre with connections in the Thracian and the Aegean regions. The study summarizes the current state of research on the urbanized settlement and the river port. The environmental investigation, including the combined archaeobotanical and chemical analyses of organic residues in ceramics assessed here, as well as geomorphological research, contribute to a better understanding of the socio‑economic development of this unique archaeological site in Thrace.

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2011, the expedition of the Czech Institute of Egyptology (Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague) excavated one of three tumuli on one of the settlement terraces at the late prehistoric site of Fox Hill (SBK.W-21) at Jebel Sabaloka and the Sixth Nile Cataract in central Sudan. The excavation brought to light a standard burial of an archer dated to the early post-Meroitic period with important series of archaeobotanical (pollen, macro-remains, charcoal) and palaeomalacological (land snails) data. The results of the multi-disci - plinary investigation of the tumulus discuss ed in this paper illustrate the marked, but so far only little exploited potential of these monuments, omnipresent in the archaeological land - scapes of central Sudan, for extending our knowledge of not only the burial rites, but also of the supra-regional distribution of artefacts, the character of the environment and, last but not least, of subsistence strategies in this particular period.

Attempts at reconstructing past environments are an important part of archaeobotanical investigations. However, any interpretation of archaeobotanical data must be, among other things, based on a detailed knowledge of species behaviour in recent vegetation. To meet this requirement, we studied vegetation in the area surrounding archaeological excavations in the western part of Jebel Sabaloka, near the 6th Nile Cataract in the Sudan, based on sample-plots (relevés) in different habitats covering a gradient from dry rocks to the irrigated alluvial plain of the River Nile. The species composition variability clearly corresponds with the environmental gradient of water availability. In addition to that, the vegetation of the irrigated alluvial plain shows a clear difference in the management of the plots (fields versus scrubby edges). Plant species with a narrow niche were selected as potential diagnostic species for certain habitats, in contrast to species with a broad niche. However, we need to be cautious in making generalizations about this finding. Especially for reconstructing the remote past, the knowledge of the local environment would be insufficient. It is generally known that the Holocene climate differed distinctively from that of today. In reconstructing the older phases of the Holocene, it is necessary to investigate recent vegetation in areas situated much further to the south.

The article informs about a research of an early modern malt house in Chanovice chateau (Klatovy district). The malt house was analysed during renovation works in 1996–8. The multi-disciplinary research included a research of written sources, an architectural and historical survey, use of available iconographic sources, an archaeological research, an archaeobotanical analysis of a sample of found carbonised grains and an anthracology of the same sample. The archaeological research and the architectural and historical survey revealed a uniquely and completely preserved malt house originating in the 16th century and destroyed probably in the 19th century. The archaeobotanical analysis of a sample from the surface of a malting floor discovered the prevalence of partly sprouted caryopses of oat (Avena sp.) with an admixture of other field crops (barley, wheat, pea). The weed admixture was formed mainly by winter crops indicators which do not normally grow in oat. On the basis of these results the analysed sample can be interpreted as a residue of oat malt with an admixture of waste after barley and wheat-rye malt refining. The anthracology made it possible to reconstruct the range of firewood used for malt drying (oak prevailed) and the remains of the malt house equipment destroyed by a fire (charcoals of the kiln floor).

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents the results of bioarchaeological analyses (plant macro-remains analysis, anthracological analysis, pollen analysis and archaeozoological analysis) which were done on samples taken from the fills of features investigated at the construction site of a new hall for the company AISIN in the Písek industrial zone in 2014. The fills of several dozen archaeological features dating to the transition between the Early and Middle Bronze Age, the Middle Bronze Age, the Late Bronze Age, the Hallstatt period and the La Tène period were examined and floated. These investigations enabled us to reconstruct changes in the forest and landscape structure. The obtained palaeoeconomic findings are very important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article informs about a 15th century malt house at Rabí castle (Horažďovice distr.), where remains of a malt oven were found during archaeological excavation instigated by remedial work in 2010. Flotation of a sample taken from the fireplace fill yielded an assemblage of carbonised macroremains. Archaeobotanical analysis identified prevailing number of germinated common many-row barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare), which allows the interpretation of the sample as malt. Anthracological analysis reconstructed the sorts of the fuel timber. Also an overview of current archaeological finds of malt in Bohemia is given in wider European context. So far there has not been any, not even written evidence of a medieval malt house within Rabí castle.(In Czech, English summary only)

This paper describes distribution and use of barley in prehistory and the Early Middle Ages in the context of the development of agriculture and landscape. Study focused on Central Europe, but also other European areas. Based on the analysis of archaeobotanic findings of barley, an interesting history of this key crop can be traced - from the introduction of barley into the package of grown plants in the Neolithic period to the commencement of the top medieval economy. In the period of the oldest farming, barley was only a marginal cereal in Central Europe, however, its frequency and importance gradually rose.This paper describes distribution and use of barley in prehistory and the Early Middle Ages in the context of the development of agriculture and landscape. Study focused on Central Europe, but also other European areas. Based on the analysis of archaeobotanic findings of barley, an interesting history of this key crop can be traced - from the introduction of barley into the package of grown plants in the Neolithic period to the commencement of the top medieval economy. In the period of the oldest farming, barley was only a marginal cereal in Central Europe, however, its frequency and importance gradually rose.

The history of the barley use as a raw material for malt- and beer production in middle ages and early modern era was still in the environment of the czech lands constructed solely on the basis of archival records and historical pictures. Less importance was given to archaeological fi nds. Unjustly neglected remained fi nds of botanical macro remains of barley and barley malt from younger historical epochs, although in the Central European context it is in terms of quantity and quality of the fi ndings a unique fi le. The aim of this article is therefore historical and archaeological context to highlight the benefi ts of archaeo botany for understanding the history of barley, while the integrity of the present all fi ndings malt barley in Czech republic.

Copyright of Prague Egyptological Studies / Prazské Egyptologické Studie is the property of Charles University Prague, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prague Egyptological Studies / Prazské Egyptologické Studie is the property of Charles University Prague, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)