Search

Europe is undergoing a massive transition to electricity generation from renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic power plants, representing one of the main renewable energy sources, require a lot of space, which is why agricultural land and building roofs are considered to be most suitable for such projects. However, performed analysis in the field of agricultural land, landscape or cultural heritage protection has shown that other public interests often constitute an important obstacle to the development of photovoltaic power plants, especially when the values represented by these interests are significantly affected by the project. The aim of this paper is to identify such cases, in addition to situations where the installation of photovoltaic power plants would be compatible with these public interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper follows the development of international cooperation in Europe in the field of the teaching of history from the end of the Great War to the beginning of the 21st century. The impetus for this arose from the traumatic shared experiences and memories caused by the events of the years 1914–1918. The aim was to use education in schools to prevent circumstances that might lead to the incitement of feelings of enmity towards other nations. From the year 1925, the official date of the establishment of the Casarov declaration of the Unity of states to the second world war there were few if any successes in this. However immediately at the start of 1946 UNESCO took charge of these initiatives as a direct result the interwar attempts. In reality European cooperation was soon to be hampered for almost half a century by the bipolar separation of Europe and the world. A deeper level of cooperation began to develop in western Europe in the 1960s and 70s and also the beginnings of the first steps towards cooperation between East and West. A further impetus was of course provided by the fall of the communist regime in Europe and today’s cooperation is many-sided. Nevertheless a true wholly European history text book or curriculum is still a long way away. It appears that supranational regional textbooks are much more efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pedagogická Orientace is the property of Pedagogicka Orientace and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the author introduces the conceptualization process of militant democracy since the 30s of the 20th century until today. Ideas of the founders of this concept, i. e. Karl Loewenstein and Carl Schmitt, are outlined. He points out the extension of this concept and its criticism by other authors. In this regard, the efforts of the political classification of defense of democracy against its ideological enemies are notified. Finally, the author discusses the application of the concept of militant democracy by European democratic states. In more detail, German and Czech defending democracies are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Opera Corcontica is the property of Sprava Krkonosskeho Narodniho Parku and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Way of promoting the municipal actors' interests differs across Europe. Southern European model based on the accumulation of mandates, strong personal relationships and the position of mayor as a local leader and northern European model based on indirect interest through interest association can be considered in conformity with classic vertical typology of Page and Goldsmith as the end points of the continuum. The aim of this paper is (1.) to reveal specific way of promoting the interests of Czech municipalities through the phenomenon of „regional patron“ based on empirical research and (2.) to define the position of the Czech Republic as outlined in the continuum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the cultural objectives of the European Union's audiovisual policy, represented mainly by the Television without Frontiers Directive, and the practical outcomes of this policy in the Czech television landscape. In the first part, I briefly examine the presence and character of cultural objectives in the evolution of European broadcasting legislation. After that, I present and critically review the existing results of the program quota policy (contained in Articles 4 and 5 of the Directive) across Europe. The second part of the paper is devoted to an empirical case study of the implementation of the Television without Frontiers Directive in Czech media legislation, and particularly on the question of how Czech TV stations comply with the quotas on European and independent works and what kinds of cultural implications can be drawn from these results. In the final part, the current process of revision of the Television without Frontiers Directive is briefly explored, again with a focus on the way the new Audiovisual Media Services Directive reflects dominant conceptualizations of European culture and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The First World War in 1918 was considered as a manifestation of much deeper changes that had taken place in Europe since the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. This development could be evaluated differently. The thesis will present the perspectives of two prominent Czech intellectuals - Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Karel VI. Schwarzenberg. It will be shown how these two different, but in many ways similar personalities viewed the issue of freedom under the impression of more general social and political development in postwar Europe. Therefore it will be important to answer what was their ideal of freedom, what role freedom play, according them, in the life of individual and society and how it can be best secured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the 1960's in Europe from the religious point of view. The author deals with long-term and short-term causes of the crisis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questions about the eastward enlargement of the European Union, the issue of (namely Muslim) immigration, and contemporary "culture wars" are central to debates about religious or post- religious definitions of the European Union. According to the well known paradox of J. Beckford, the boundaries of secular Europe are becoming more sharply defined in religious terms. American sociologist J. Casanova thus concludes that Western Europe has not been a Christian region for a long time, but the post-Christian rejection of desecularized religious forms still makes religion an important factor in the public space. This paper is concerned with the issue of the construction of Europe's negative religious boundaries (against non-traditional religious groups, mainly Muslims), and describes religious organizations' activities in the process of Europeanization and actual transnational politics. The author argues that the Catholic attempt to seize the project of the EU and discussions on the preamble of the European constitution are important, and that the widely perceived efforts of John Paul II for the "moral backgrounding" of political and economic behaviour, together with the actual association of Christian political parties and the Polish "export" of Catholic priests, should be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings the Neo-Gothic oeuvre of Herman Bollé, an important architect of mature and late historicism in Croatia. From the 1870s to his death in 1926, Bollé worked on new architectural projects and restorations through which he brought to Croatia the principles of the European Neo-Gothic style in the tradition of Viollet-le-Duc and Friedrich von Schmidt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Archaeologica Brunensia is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe there have been passed democratic constitutions, pluralistic society and competitive market economy have been formed and many countries have been integrated into European Union. Nevertheless, the new democracies are far to be consolidated; deep mistrust into the politics and institutions of democratic state reflect everyday experience of the citizens with bad governance, corruption, nepotism and patronage. This study argues that the path of transformation has had a key impact on the character of the state and its capacity and that the post-communist state and its institutions work in different manner than the state and institutions in consolidated democracies. The main goal of this study is to open the discussion inside academic community how to measure such capacities of the state, which data are available and what can be the methodology used to verify the hypothesis about the low capacities of the post-communist states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]