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The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of dietary protein levels on the growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of Quasipaa spinosa tadpoles. The composite insect-derived protein was made by mixing mealworm powder, silkworm pupae powder, and fly larvae powder in a 1∶ 1∶ 1 ratio, serving as the primary protein source in the feed. Quasipaa spinosa tadpoles with an average weight of (0.32±0.01) g and at the 25th developmental stage were selected. Earthworm powder was used as a feeding stimulant, and casein was added to prepare the feed with protein content of 20% (Group A1), 25% (Group A2), 30% (Group A3), 35% (Group A4), and 40% (Group A5). The Quasipaa spinosa tadpoles were subjected to a 10-week indoor feeding trial under factory conditions at a breeding base with mountain spring water. The results showed that the tadpoles in Group A4 had the highest average weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency (FE). The highest metamorphosis rate was observed in Group A3. The highest survival rate was found in Group A1. The intestinal amylase activity in the tadpoles from Group A1 was significantly higher than in the other groups (P<0.05), and the intestinal trypsin activity in the tadpoles from Group A5 was significantly higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). Regression analysis of the average weight gain and feed efficiency of the Quasipaa spinosa tadpoles revealed that the maximum weight gain was achieved at a protein level of 36.86% in the feed, and the highest feed efficiency was at a protein level of 37.44%. The study suggests that the protein level in the feed affects the growth indicators, feed efficiency, and digestive enzyme activity of the Quasipaa spinosa tadpoles, and the suitable range of protein content in the compound feed for the tadpoles is between 36.86% and 37.44%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the data of urinary serial proteins in patients with primary immunoglobulin nephropathy (IgAN), and to explore the relationship between urinary serial proteins and the prognosis of this population and its relationship with Oxford classification. Methods: The clinical data of 146 primary IgAN patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2012 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up, and the renal prognosis was evaluated by endpoint events. The cut-off value of urinary series proteins was obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the urinary series proteins were divided into high-level group and low-level group according to the cut-off value, the prognosis of IgAN patients with different levels of urinary series proteins were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The influencing factors of renal prognosis in IgAN patients were analyzed by COX proportional hazard model. The differences of urinary series proteins in patients with different Oxford classification were compared. Results: The median follow-up time was 78.00(58.00,95.00) months, and a total of 42 patients had endpoint events. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (NAG), urinary α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), urinary microalbumin (Alb), urinary immunoglobulin (IgG) and urinary transferrin (TRF) low level group had significantly higher cumulative survival rate than urinary NAG, urinary α1-MG, urinary β2-MG, urinary Alb, urinary IgG and urinary TRF high level group(P<0.05). Univariate COX survival analysis showed that, the levels of urinary NAG, urinary ?2-MG and urinary IgG in good prognosis group were significantly lower than those in poor prognosis group (P<0.05). Multivariate COX survival analysis showed that elevated urinary NAG, urinary IgG and urinary β2-MG were independent risk factors for poor renal prognosis in primary IgAN patients. The urinary NAG level of endothelial cell proliferative lesions was significantly higher than that in other two groups, the urinary IgG of segmental sclerosis lesions was significantly higher than that in other two groups, and the urinary β2-MG of renal tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The increase of urinary NAG, urinary IgG and urinary β2-MG are independent risk factors for poor renal prognosis in primary IgAN patients, and are associate with endothelial cell proliferation, segmental sclerosis, tubular atrophy or renal interstitial fibrosis in Oxford classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is featured by low incidence, high malignancy rate, robust aggressive behavior and inferior prognosis. To date, there is no standardized treatment. The aim of this study is to better understand and accumulate more clinical experience of the disease by summarizing the clinicopathological features, diagnosis methods, therapeutic regimen and prognostic factors of PSC. Methods A total of 39 patients with PSC who diagnosed and received treatment in Beijing Chest Hospital from December 2013 to December 2023 were retrospectively recruited, and information including demographic characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, diagnosis method and therapeutic regimen were carefully collected. Meanwhile, follow-up was conducted. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the prognostic factors of the disease. Results The PSC patients in this study ranged in age from 45 to 76 years old, including 35 males and 4 females. There were no specific clinical manifestations of PSC at initial diagnosis. Among the 39 patients, 20 underwent surgical resection and 19 received palliative chemoradiation or symptomatic supportive treatment. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 61.90% and 35.20% respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that family history of carcinoma, primary tumor site, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, whether or not received surgical resection, surgical method, treatment regimens, tumor tissue programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥1% and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) pathway abnormalities were correlated with the overall survival (OS) of patients (P<0.05). In the subsequent multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis emerged as the only independent prognosticator in predicting inferior OS (P=0.037). Conclusion PSC is rarely seen in clinical practice and commonly occurs in elder men with smoking history. Tumor tissue PD-L1 expression ≥1% and MET abnormalities may predict inferior prognosis of PSC and lymph node metastasis was determined as the independent prognosticator of PSC. Surgical resection along with adjuvant medical treatment is the cornerstone for early and locally advanced patients, and the clinical utility of molecular targeting therapy and immunotherapy in PSC needs to be further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the expression of GLIS3 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and analyze its relationship with the prognosis of TNBC patients. Methods Bioinformatic analysis was applied to analyze the expression level of GLIS3 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to evaluate the impact of GLIS3 expression on the survival rate of patients based on DNA chip data. A total of 125 patients pathologically diagnosed as TNBC in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January to December 2014 were enrolled by cluster random sampling. Among them, 53 patients had complete tissue specimens, medical records and follow-up data. Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of GLIS3 in TNBC and adjacent tissues to tumors, while the relationships between GLIS3 protein expression in breast cancer tissues and clinicopathological parameters such as age, menstrual status, tumor size, clinical stage, histological grade, pathological type, axillary lymph node metastasis, vascular tumor thrombus, and expression of TP53 and Ki-67 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to analyze the effect of GLIS3 on the overall and disease-free survival of TNBC patients. Cox regression model was established to identify the risk factors impacting the prognosis of the patients. Results Analysis of GEO data showed that the expression of GLIS3 in TNBC was significantly higher than that in paracancer tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of GLIS3 was notably higher in the TNBC tissue than the adjacent tissue to tumor (P < 0.05). A marked augmentation of GLIS3 expression was observed in both the advanced and larger-sized tumors (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis of Cox regression model revealed that lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and GLIS3 expression were all related to disease-free survival of TNBC patients (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses displayed that TNM stage was related to the overall survival of TNBC patients (P < 0.05). The patients with high expression of GLIS3 had significant shorter disease-free survival time than those with low expression (P < 0.05), but had no statistical difference in overall survival (P>0.05). Conclusion GLIS3 protein is highly expressed in TNBC tissues, and tumor size and TNM stage are correlated with its high expression. The high expression of GLIS3 suggests that the patients have poor prognosis and low disease-free survival rate.

Objective To summarize the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) patients. Methods This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. The clinical data of 30 SDC patients who were admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2014 to 2022, including case records, pathological diagnoses, immunohistochemical indicators, treatment methods, follow-up data, and other data, were retrospectively analyzed. SPSS 26.0 software was used to process the data and construct relevant curves. The chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between different immunohistochemical indices and the recurrence and metastasis of SDC, and a single factor was used to analyze clinical prognostic factors. Results Among the 30 SDC patients, the male-to-female ratio was 5∶1, with a median age of 61.5 years. Approximately 60% of cases occurred in the parotid gland, whereas the remainder occurred in the submaxillary gland, sublingual gland, or minor salivary gland. Among them, 19 patients were androgen receptor-positive, 23 patients were human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive, and 26 patients were Ki-67 positive. Postoperative follow-up was 18-94 months, with a median follow-up of 37 months. There were 13 cases of recurrence and 14 cases of distant metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate was only 31.2%. The long-term survival of patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy was better than that of patients who underwent surgery alone (P= 0.027). T stage and lymph node invasion were associated with prognosis and survival (PP = 0.025). Conclusion Radical surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy is helpful for improving long-term overall survival, and tumor T stage and lymph node metastasis may be the main factors affecting the prognosis of patients with SDC. Patients with Ki-67-positive cell counts ≥ 40% are prone to postoperative recurrence or metastasis.

Background Locally advanced gastric cancer mainly includes stage Ⅲ gastric cancer, which is mainly treated with comprehensive therapy. Postoperative recurrence is a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients. Objective To explore the influencing factors of long-term prognosis in patients with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy were collected from the Department of Radiotherapy at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from 2009 to 2014. They were pathologically diagnosed with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer according to the International Union of Cancer (UICC) and American Cancer Federation (AJCC) 8th edition TNM staging system for gastric cancer. All postoperative patients were followed up every 3 months in the first year, every 6 months for the following 2 years, and once a year thereafter. The deadline for follow-up is December 15, 2021. Survival rates of subgroups were compared using Log-rank tests.The influencing factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and the prediction of clinicopathological features were analyzed by Nomogram. Comparison of survival differences among patients with different pTNM stagings, age, metastatic lymph node radios (LNR), and gastrectomy methods using Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 135 qualified patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 10.48 years. Within 5 years, there were 70 cases of recurrence and 62 deaths. The 5-year DFS rate and OS rate were 48.1% (65/135) and 54.1% (73/135), respectively; Within 10 years, there were 74 cases of recurrence and 74 deaths. The 10-year DFS rate nd OS rate were both 45.2% (61/135). The Log-rank test results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in 5-year survival rates among patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, cancer nodules, tumor locations, and gastrectomy methods (P50%, OS: HR=1.74, 95%CI=1.03-2.94; DFS: HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.02-2.94), and gastrectomy method (total gastrectomy, OS: HR=2.07, 95%CI=1.22-3.50; DFS: HR=2.02, 95%CI=1.20-3.41) were independent influencing factors for OS and DFS in patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy (P

Background and purpose: Effective treatment for cervical cancer patients is one of the global strategies to eliminate cervical cancer. By analyzing the metastasis characteristics and survival status of patients with distant metastasis of cervical cancer from a hospital-based cancer registry data, our study provided real-world evidence for better survival of cervical cancer and finally eliminating cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 572 cervical cancer patients who had metastasis cancer at the initial diagnosis or developed distant metastasis during follow-up in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 2008 to 2017 were included in this study. Medical records review, telephone visits and death registry data linkage were applied in collecting endpoint data. The first follow-up date was the diagnose date of metastasis, and the last follow-up date was November 1, 2020. Kaplan-Meier method was applied in evaluating the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for overall and site-specific patients. Results: The median follow-up time was 38.93 months, and 348 cases died during the follow-up. 72.55% were single site metastasis, and 27.45% were multiple metastases. Among all metastatic sites, the proportion of lung metastasis was the highest, 41.26%, 15.21% to bone, and 11.54% to liver. After metastasis, the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 62.29% (95% CI: 62.25-62.33), 33.13% (95% CI: 33.08-33.18) and 23.42% (95% CI: 23.37-23.47), respectively. In single site metastasis, 1-year OS was the highest after metastasis to the lung (72.52%). Besides, there was no significant difference among different metastatic sites, both in 3-year and 5-year OS. Conclusion: The most frequent distant metastatic sites of cervical cancer are lung, bone and liver. The survival rate after metastasis is poor. Further research with systematic treatment strategy is required for better survival.

Crassostrea arakensis is one of the main fouling organisms in the ocean, which has a significant impact on marine aquaculture facilities and marine engineering equipment. Short wavelength and high-energy ultraviolet radiation (UV-C, 200-280 nm) can damage the DNA and protein structure of shellfish larvae, affecting their survival and attachment. They can be used to prevent biological fouling. This study selected the larvae of Crassostrea arakensis as the research object. The single variable method was used to study the lethal response of larvae under different intensities and doses of UV-C, as well as the differences in attachment rates of larvae under different UV-C irradiation frequencies and distances. The research results showed significant differences (P<0. 05) between some treatment groups and the control group during the observation period in the 10 W shortwave UV-C irradiation experiment. After 24 hours, there were no surviving larvae in all treatment groups in the experimental units, and the survival rate of the control group was (26. 3±1. 9)%; In the 20W UV-C irradiation test, there was a significant difference in survival rates between the treatment group and the control group at all observation periods (P<0. 05). After 24 hours, there were no surviving larvae in all treatment groups in the experimental units, and the survival rate of the control group was (22. 3±1. 3)%; when the irradiation frequency reached 5 minutes/ h, the average adhesion rate decreased from (12. 83±1. 17)% to (3. 31±0. 69)%, significantly reducing the adhesion rate; There was no significant difference in the irradiation effect of the attachment rate between the distance of 15 and 20 cm, and both groups were able to reduce attachment compared to the control group effectively. This study can provide references for the design of equipment for UV-C prevention and control of biological fouling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the predictive value of systemic immune inflammation index (SII) scores in longterm survival of patients with stage III squamous lung cancer treated with radical radiotherapy. Methods Clinical data of stage Ⅲ squamous lung cancer patients who underwent radical radiotherapy at the Radiotherapy Department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The peripheral hematological indexes one week before radiotherapy were collected and recorded. X-Tile software was applied to determine the best cut-off values for continuous variables. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results A total of 453 patients were included in this study. There were 336 patients in the low SII group (＜1 277.3), and other 117 patients were in the high SII group (≥1 277.3). The median OS and median PFS in the high SII group were shorter than those in the low SII group (OS: 20.8 months vs. 31.0 months, Log-rank χ2 =18.015, P＜ 0.01; PFS: 13.0 months vs. 21.0 months, Log-rank χ2 =15.062, P＜0.01).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high SII was associated with OS (HR=1.628, 95%CI: 1.294-2.047, P < 0.001) and PFS (HR=1.559, 95%CI: 1.240-1.961, P < 0.001). Other influencing factors included late TNM stage, poor radiotherapy efficacy and decreased HALP score. Conclusion SII can be used to evaluate the long-term survival of patients with stage III lung squamous cell carcinoma receiving radical radiotherapy, and the increase of SII indicates a poor prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The study was carried out to explore the effects of acute hypoxia on the survival of juvenile Eleutheronema tetradactylum and their spleen and heart tissue structure, with a view to providing technical support and theoretical references for the breeding and production of this species. [Method] Filling water with nitrogen to quickly overflow oxygen and reduce the content of dissolved oxygen in the water. Different levels of dissolved oxygen treatment were set in the experiment: normal oxygen group (6.33 ± 0.15 mg/L), moderate hypoxia group (3.99 ± 0.18 mg/L), and severe hypoxia group (2.05 ± 0.15 mg/L). Each treatment group was set up with 3 parallel devices. During the experiment, the flowing water was turned off, and the dissolved oxygen level in the water was monitored in real time by using a dissolved oxygen measuring instrument. The corresponding dissolved oxygen level was maintained by adjusting the size of the inflation valve. Using paraffin embedding, sectioning and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining methods were used to observe the changes in tissue structure of the heart and spleen of juvenile E. tetradactylum. [Result] In terms of mortality rate, there was no mortality observed in the E. tetradactylum in the normal oxygen group; the mortality rates of juvenile fish under the stress in the moderate and severe hypoxia groups were 10.0%-13.3% at 23 hours, 30.0% - 40.0% at 26 hours, and 43.3%-53.3% at 29 hours. In terms of spleen tissue structure, compared with the normal oxygen group, the moderate hypoxia group showed an increase in white pulp and the number of lymphocyte in juvenile fish, sparse distribution of peripheral red pulp, and a decrease in the number of melanin macrophages; the red pulp area of juvenile fish in the severe hypoxia group expanded, with a decrease in the white pulp area and the number of lymphocytes, and melanin macrophages rarely appearing. In terms of heart tissue structure, the compact layer of heart tissue in juvenile fish in the moderate hypoxia group became thinner, the myocardial fibers in the sponge layer became thinner, and the spacing became wider, and partial myocardial fiber rupture phenomenon occurred; the degree of thinning of the compact layer and thinning of the myocardial fibers in the sponge layer of juvenile fish in the severely hypoxic group increased, and the degree of expansion of the interstitial space increased compared to the hypoxic group, with partial myocardial cell rupture, nucleus protrusion, myocardial fiber rupture, and disordered arrangement. [Conclusion] The study has shown that acute hypoxia stress can affect the survival rate of juvenile E. tetradactylum. The lower the dissolved oxygen level, the higher the mortality rate, and the degree of tissue structure damage increases with the level of hypoxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlations microRNA-203a-3p (miR-203a-3p) and paired allographic box protein 2B (PH0X2B) expression levels in glioma tissues with clinical features and prognosis. Methods Ninety-six glioma patients admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to April 2020 were included in the study. The resected glioma tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues from the patients were collected intraoperatively. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were conducted to detect the expression of miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA in glioma tissues and paracancerous groups. Pearson's method was used to analyze the correlation between miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the correlations of miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA with the prognosis of glioma patients. COX regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients. Results The miR-203a-3p level and positive expression rate of glioma tissues were significantly lower than that of paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05), and the PHOX2B mRNA level and positive expression rate were significantly higher than that of paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). By Pearson correlation analysis, the miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA levels of glioma patients were negatively correlated ( P < 0.05 ). miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B were associated with KPS score, tumor tissue necrosis, and WHO grading ( P < 0.05 ) . Kaplan-Meier curve analysis yielded the results that the survival rate of the miR-203a-3p highly expressed group was significantly higher than that of the lowly expressed group (P < 0.05), and the survival rate of the PHOX2B mRNA highly expressed group was significantly lower than that of the lowly expressed group (P < 0.05 ). COX regression analysis showed that miR-203a-3p, PHOX2B mRNA, tumor tissue necrosis, and WHO grading were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression level of miR-203a-3p is obviously reduced and the expression level of PHOX2B mRNA is obviously increased in glioma, both showing close correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignancies are a difficult to treat disease in clinical practice. At present, there are many cases of differentiation and treatment based on qi and yin deficiency, the coagulation of phlegm, blood stasis and cancer toxin, there are few theories on the treatment of yang deficiency and yin excessiveness, as well as the coagulation of cold and dampness. On the basis of inheriting the cancer toxin theory of Chinese medicine master ZHOU Zhongying, combined with the theory of promoting yang and our own practice, we believe that malignancy is caused by yang deficiency as the foundation, cold dampness, phlegm-turbidity stagnation and toxin transformation as the manifestation, and the key pathogenesis can be summarized as yang deficiency and yin binding. Based on this, it is proposed to differentiate and treat malignancies from promoting yang and eliminating yin. The method of promoting yang and eliminating yin is people-oriented, with harmony as the value, based on the whole, with a focus on adjusting harmony, constantly promoting yang and timely eliminating yin. The specific differentiation and treatment strategies are as follows: in the early stages of malignancy, it is important to seize the opportunity to warm and dredge, or eliminate yin; malignancy is already present, balancing deficiency and excess, supplementing, eliminating, and harmonizing appropriately; after malignancy surgery, it is important to strengthen the foundation and regulate the spleen and kidney, and strengthen both congenital and acquired constitution; treating the zang-fu organs accordingly, elevating and lowering, and conforming to the physiology of the organs. Unlike simple malignancy treatment and detoxification, promoting yang and eliminating yin is a method of examining symptoms and identifying etiology and pathogenesis. It involves macroscopic regulation of yin and yang, dynamic management of medication, and orderly treatment, which can significantly improve the quality of life of patients and increase long-term survival rates. Exploring the theory and strategy of promoting yang and eliminating yin in the differentiation and treatment of malignancy can provide new ideas and references for the clinical differentiation and treatment of malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the egg hatching time and the effects of lettuce leaves, aquatic periphyton, artificial pellets, as well as their partial combinations on growth performance to the juvenile snails Radix plicatula, a subset of 10 newly laid egg masses were collected and their hatching time were record under indoor conditions. In addition, the shell length, shell width, body weight and survival rate for the juvenile snails feeding with different diets were analyzed. The results showed that the egg hatching time was 6. 0-7. 5 days with a 96. 37% hatching rate when the water temperature ranged from 25. 0 °C to 32. 5 °C. There was no significant difference in the survival rate for the 0-5 week old snails feeding with different diets, however, significant difference in the growth performance was found among the snail in different diet groups. The growth rate for 0-2 weeks old snails feeding with lettuce + aquatic periphyton was the fastest, followed by the snails feeding with aquatic periphyton. The growth rate for 3-5 weeks old snails with an initial body mass of 0. 005 g feeding with lettuce + artificial pellets was greater than that feeding with lettuce or artificial pellets. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the 3-5 weeks old snails with an initial body mass of 0. 026 g fed by lettuce or lettuce + artificial pellets for their shell height, shell width and body mass. The results indicated that the R. plicatula egg hatching time is 6. 0-7. 5 days with a mean hatching rate of 96. 37% with the water temperature ranging from 25. 0 °C to 32. 5 °C. Aquatic periphyton and the leaves of lettuce are ideal food sources for 0-2 weeks old and 3-5 weeks old R. plicatula, respectively, and artificial pellets have a promoting effect on the growth of juvenile snails. The results of this study will provide a basis for large-scale production of R. plicatula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effect of midchain fatty acid decanoic acid on CD8+ T cell activation and its effect and mechanism in CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response. Methods: Subcutaneous melanoma B16F10 cells tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mouse models were established and randomly divided into the decanoic acid group (10 mg/kg decanoic acid by gavage) and the control group (equal amount of solvent by gavage). The effect of decanoic acid on the growth of mouse tumors and their survival rate were measured. The activation of tumor-infiltrated CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment was detected by flow cytometry. The α-CD8 mAb was used to deplete CD8+ T cells in B16F10 tumor-bearing mice, and the effect on the tumor volume was observed. Mouse primary CD8+ T cells were treated with decanoic acid, and T cell receptor (TCR) activation, effector cytokine production as well as proliferation and metabolism levels were detected by WB, ELISA, qPCR, and flow cytometry. In B16F10 tumor-bearing mouse model, the effects of administration of α-PD-1 mAb combined with decanoic acid on the growth of mouse tumors and mouse survival rate were observed. Results: In the mouse melanoma model, compared with those in the control group the volume of mouse transplanted tumors significantly reduced and mouse survival rate significantly increased in the decanoic acid group. (both P<0.05). The expression levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in the decanoic acid group than that in the control group (P<0.01). The killing ability of OT-I T cells against B16F10-OVA cells was significantly elevated after treatment with decanoic acid (P<0.01). The suppressive effect of decanoic acid on transplanted tumors was significantly reduced after CD8+ T cells were depleted with α-CD8 mAb in the melanoma mouse model (P<0.000 1). Mouse-derived primary CD8+ T cells treated with decanoic acid showed significantly higher levels of TCR activation, increased production of cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ, and significantly up-regulated the mitochondrial metabolic level (all P<0.05). In the melanoma mouse model, decanoic acid in combination with α-PD-1 mAb significantly inhibited tumor growth and increased the survival rate (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Decanoic acid can enhance the anti-tumor immune responses by promoting CD8+ T cell activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Effective treatment for cervical cancer patients is one of the global strategies to eliminate cervical cancer. By analyzing the metastasis characteristics and survival status of patients with distant metastasis of cervical cancer from a hospital-based cancer registry data, our study provided real-world evidence for better survival of cervical cancer and finally eliminating cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 572 cervical cancer patients who had metastasis cancer at the initial diagnosis or developed distant metastasis during follow-up in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 2008 to 2017 were included in this study. Medical records review, telephone visits and death registry data linkage were applied in collecting endpoint data. The first follow-up date was the diagnose date of metastasis, and the last follow-up date was November 1, 2020. Kaplan-Meier method was applied in evaluating the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for overall and site-specific patients. Results: The median follow-up time was 38.93 months, and 348 cases died during the follow-up. 72.55% were single site metastasis, and 27.45% were multiple metastases. Among all metastatic sites, the proportion of lung metastasis was the highest, 41.26%, 15.21% to bone, and 11.54% to liver. After metastasis, the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 62.29% (95% CI: 62.25-62.33), 33.13% (95% CI: 33.08-33.18) and 23.42% (95% CI: 23.37-23.47), respectively. In single site metastasis, 1-year OS was the highest after metastasis to the lung (72.52%). Besides, there was no significant difference among different metastatic sites, both in 3-year and 5-year OS. Conclusion: The most frequent distant metastatic sites of cervical cancer are lung, bone and liver. The survival rate after metastasis is poor. Further research with systematic treatment strategy is required for better survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Trastuzumab has a relatively low incidence of drug resistance, which can be used as an adjuvant treatment to improve clinical efficacy. It has been used to treat breast cancer in the past, but its application in other cancers has been less studied. This study aimed to explore the effects of trastuzumab assisted modified DOF fortnightly regimen on serum tumor markers and survival rate in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer patients, in order to provide more references for the selection of clinical treatment methods for cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer. Methods: Eighty patients with cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer treated in Harison International Peace Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the study objects, and they were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method. All of them received improved DOF fortnightly treatment, and trastuzumab adjuvant treatment was added to the observation group on this basis. The serum tumor markers [serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), CA72-4], serum neovascular markers [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)], biochemical indicators [N-terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT proBNP), aspartate transaminase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], adverse reactions and survival rate were compared between two groups. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harison International Peace Hospital (number: 20160511). Results: After treatment, CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-4 in both groups decreased, and CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-4 levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group with statistical significance (P0.05). The levels of NT-proBNP, AST, BUN and ALT were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The number of patients with fatigue, gastrointestinal reaction and myelosuppression and the total incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups, and there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). At 5 years after treatment, 11 cases (27.5%) survived and 29 cases (72.5%) died in the observation group. There were 3 cases (7.5%) of survival and 37 cases (92.5%) of death in the control group. The median survival was 2 years (95% CI: 1.8-2.2) in the observation group and 1 year (95% CI: 0.6-1.4) in the control group. The survival rate of 1-5 years was higher in the observation group than in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (log-rank χ2 = 13.853, P = 0.001). Conclusion: In the clinical treatment of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer, trastuzumab assisted modified DOF fortnightly regimen suggests that it can reduce the expression levels of serum tumor markers, improve the 5-year survival rate of patients, and has certain drug safety.

The survival rate and storage period of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are affected by numerous factors in the vacuum freeze-drying process. Hence, optimizing the freeze-drying process and storage conditions is an effective method to improve the survival rate and prolong the storage period of LAB. This paper reviews the factors that influence the survival rate of LAB during the vacuum freeze-drying process and explores how to optimize the freeze-drying process and storage conditions to improve the survival rate and extend the storage period of LAB. We expect that this review will provide a basis and reference for the preparation of lyophilized LAB formulations with high activity and good storage stability.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells on animal models of acute liver failure. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases were retrieved from inception to January 16, 2023. A series of animal experiments on the treatment of acute liver failure animal models by exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells were collected. Two evaluators screened the literature and extracted the data independently. The bias risk was evaluated by the SYRCLE tool. The extracted data were analyzed by Revmen 5.4.1 software and Stata 17.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 241 articles were retrieved and 9 animal experiments were included, with 219 animals: 110 animals in the model group and 109 animals in the exosome group. The results showed that the survival rate of animals in the exosome group improved significantly [RR=9.34, 95%CI(3.91, 22.29), P < 0.001], the levels of serum alanine transaminase [SMD=-5.31, 95%CI(-7.43, -3.19), P < 0.001] and aspartate aminotransferase [SMD=-4.47, 95%CI(-5.85, -3.10), P < 0.001] were reduced obviously. The expressions of interleukin-1β [SMD=-11.54, 95%CI(-18.12, -4.95), P=0.000 6], interleukin-6 [SMD=-5.75, 95%CI(-8.08, -3.41), P < 0.001] and tumor necrosis factor-α [SMD=-4.46, 95%CI(-6.83, -2.09), P=0.000 2], were suppressed obviously. CONCLUSION: Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells effectively inhibit the inflammatory response, ameliorate liver function of animals with acute liver failure, and improve their survival rate. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the shorter survival time of animals (≤ 24 hours), the lower dose of transplanted exosomes (< 1 mg/kg) and the source of exosomes (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells) may affect the efficacy of the exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the animal model of acute liver failure. This conclusion and its clinical transformation still need to be confirmed by randomized controlled studies with large sample sizes and high quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of replacing soybean meal with castor meal as a feed on the growth and development, as well as the influence on intestinal microorganisms of Hermetia illucens larvae. The Hermetia illucens larvae were divided into three groups: Soybean meal group (SM group), 50% soybean meal and 50% castor meal group (SCM group), and castor meal group (CM group), with three replicates for each group. Parameters such as larval survival, body weight, and body length were measured, and changes in crude protein and crude fat content in larvae and larval frass, as well as the intestinal bacterial community of larvae, were analyzed. The experiment lasted for 12 days. The results showed that the crude protein and crude fat content in the larval frass of the CM group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that castor meal had no significant impact on the major types, abundance, and diversity of intestinal bacteria in the larvae (P>0.05). The Hermetia illucens larvae in the CM group exhibited faster growth, with significantly higher crude protein and crude fat content compared to the SM group (P<0.05), while the mortality rate showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The study suggests that replacing soybean meal with castor meal as a feed is more beneficial for the growth of Hermetia illucens larvae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of low replacement plasma exchange (LPE) combined with double plasma molecular adsorption ( DPMAS ) in the treatment of patients with chronic acute liver failure ( ACLF) and its influence on liver function, inflammatory cytokines and short-term prognosis. Methods One hundred patients with ACLF were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group by envelope method, with 50 cases in each group. On basis of routine symptomatic treatments (liver protection, removing jaundice, reducing enzymes, anti-viruses, bleeding prevention), the control group and the observation group were treated with plasma exchange (PE) and LPE plus DPMAS, respectively. The liver function, coagulation function, the levels of inflammatory cytokines, incidence of adverse reactions, and 90-day survival rate were compared between the two groups after treatment. Results After treatment, the liver function and coagulation function in the observation group were significantly improved (P < 0.05) and the levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly lowered than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the 90-day survival rate and the total incidence of adverse reactions between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion LPE combined with DPMAS can effectively improve liver function and coagulation function, and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines in ACLF patients, with high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression of centromeric protein F (CENPF) and microribonucleic acid 1 -3p (miR-1-3p) in the serum of patients with advanced gastric cancer and their correlation with prognosis. Methods Sixty patients with advanced gastric cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were collected as the study group, while 60 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital's physical examination center during the same period were collected as the control group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) method was applied to detect the expression levels of serum CENPF and miR-1-3p in each group; Pearson method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum levels of CENPF and miR-1-3p; Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the relationship between the expression of CENPF, miR-1-3p, and prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer; and COX regression was applied to analyze risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Results Compared with the control group, the CENPF level in the study group was obviously increased, while the miR-1-3p level was obviously reduced (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that there was a negative correlation between serum CENPF and miR-1-3p levels in patients with advanced gastric cancer (r = -0.650,P < 0.001). There were obvious differences in CENPF and miR-1-3p levels among different TNM stages and lymph node metastasis status (P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients in the high expression group of CENPF was 19/30 (63.33%), which was obviously lower than that in the low expression group, 28/30 (93.33%) (x- = 7.954, P < 0.001) ; the 3-year survival rate of patients in high expression group of miR-1-3p was 29/30 (96.67%), which was obviously higher than that in the low expression group, 18/30 (60.00%) (\2 = 11.882, P = 0.001). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, CENPF, and miR-1-3p expression were risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusion The serum CENPF level in patients with advanced gastric cancer obviously increase, while miR-1-3p level obviously decrease, both of which are related to prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With people's quality of life improves, so does their concern for disease and health. Instead of focusing on medical devices and pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of disease, people are gradually becoming more aware of emerging substances, ingredients or processed products that play a preventive, ameliorative or supportive role in mitigation. The role of these substances in the body is more focused on the maintenance of physiological functions or the promotion of health through regular external intake. The basic requirement for externally ingestible substances is safety of consumption, and the new labels of no side effects, variety, diversity, efficiency and convenience will be of interest to people in the future. Regular intake of probiotic products with safety certification is considered a safer and more common way to improve human health and alleviate diseases, while the low survival rate of probiotics and the high requirements for their functioning make them difficult to prepare on a large scale, to transport and store for long periods of time, and to ensure their action characteristics. Until now, various preparation and storage methods to ensure the high activity of probiotics have been continuously studied. In recent years, along with the in-depth research on probiotics, it has been found that postbiotics obtained from probiotics through different preparation methods can also have a positive effect on the organism, and have the characteristics of stability and convenient storage and transportation that probiotic products do not have, which may become a new direction to improve the organism's condition or enhance the function of the organism in the future. This paper summarized the various functional effects of postbiotics on the body and the applications of their related products in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective Malignant lymphomas occurring in the prostate are relatively rare. Previously, data on prostate malignant lymphoma in the Chinese population were limited to case reports, leading to an incomplete understanding of the clinical characteristics of this disease. Methods This study conducted a systematic search and review of articles published from 1983 to 2019. The aim was to clarify the clinical features and treatment outcomes of prostate malignant lymphoma in the Chinese population. Results In this cohort, primary prostate lymphoma accounted for 75%, most patients presented with stage I disease (67% ), and aggressive lymphoma (mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) accounted for 73%. Among them, 23% of patients chose R-CHOP ( Rituximab-Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone) chemotherapy, 26% of patients chose CHOP chemotherapy, 6% of patients chose radiotherapy or a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 23% of patients chose other chemotherapy; in whom 60% of patients chose surgery to relieve the obstructive symptoms. The half-year and one-year cumulative survival rates of the patients in this cohort were 70.7% and 54.8%, respectively, and the half-year and one-year cumulative survival rates of the treated patients were 76.5% and 56.5%, respectively. Conclusion In recent years, with the ongoing standardization of lymphoma classification and the application of new drugs, there has been a significant extension in the survival of patients with lymphoma. Lymphomas that originate in or spread to the prostate remain a form of malignancy within the lymphohematopoietic system. It is essential to alleviate symptoms such as lower urinary tract obstructions while obtaining sufficient tissue to confirm the pathological subtype. This approach should be aligned with the latest classifications and treatment protocols for lymphohematopoietic system tumors, aiming to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy is the property of Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study aimed to improve the heat tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum. Methods: On the basis of the previous research on the microcapsule emulsion, a kind of powder was prepared by spray drying with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD). The response surface method is used to optimize different parameters. Its morphology was observed by light microscope and electron microscope, and the particle size was determined by laser particle size analyzer and Zeta potential analyzer; the absorbance change was measured by spectrophotometer, and heat resistance test was carried out by oven heating. Results: With the increase of the ratio of 2-HP-β-CD to emulsion mass, feed rate, inlet air temperature and inlet air rate, and the survival rate first increased and then decreased (P＜0.05). By response surface methodology, the optimal parameters of spray drying were obtained as follows: the ratio of 2-HP-β-CD to emulsion mass 3.13, feed rate 288 mL/h, inlet air rate 112 m3/h and the inlet air temperature 118 ℃. Under the control fo these conditions, the survival rate of bacteria was (99.53±0.11)%, and the bacterial load reached 1.64×109 CFU/g. The scanning electron microscopy and microscopy results showed that the microcapsule was a central concave particle, spherically dispersed in water with the bacteria gathered inside. The absorbance value of the water dispersion was not found changing significantly within 1 h (P＞0.05), and the average particle size was 472.7 nm with distribution concentrated and Zeta potential at -40.37 mV. The survival rate of microcapsules was 96.79% when treated at 130 ℃for 60 s, which was significantly different from the survival rate of bacterial sludge (P＜0.01). Conclusion: The microcapsule powder has high heat resistance and stable water dispersibility.

In order to study the effective means of preventing and controlling Wuding chicken leukemia, in this study, five compound Chinese herbs were added into the feed to feed the infected chickens at the age of 90 days and the herbs were dose 1 (0.2% of immunity enhancement+0.2% of antiviral),dose 2(0.4% of immunity enhancement+0.4% of antiviral),dose 3(0.6% of immunity enhancement+0.6% of antiviral), dose 4(0.8% of immunity enhancement+0.8% of antiviral), and dose 5(1% of immunity enhancement+1% of antiviral). Survival rate was investigated and blood immunity indexes of C3, C4, IgA, and IgG were determined at the age of 120, 150, 180, and 210 days, respectively. The results showed that feeding diseased chickens with 5 doses of compound Chinese herbs had no significant effect on the growth of the test chickens. the content of C3, C4, and IgA in the serum in the different dose groups was lower than that of the control group(no addition of Chinese herbs) at 120, 150, 180, and 210 days of age, and the content of C3 and IgA in the dose 1 group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 120 days of age, and the content of C4 in the dose 2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 120 days of age. The content of C3 and IgA in the dose 2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 210 days,the content of immunoglobulin IgG in each dose group was lower than that of the control group at 120, 150, and 210 days except for 180 days of age, and the content of immunoglobulin IgG in the dose 2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 120 days of age. After feeding diseased chickens with addtion of the compound Chinese herbs for 120 days, the survival rate of dose 1, 2, and 3 groups were higher than that of the control group to different degrees, and the survival rate of dose 2 group reached 93.33%, which was significantly higher than that of dose 4 and 5 groups, and the dose 2 and 3 groups also showed the phenomenon of turning negative. It indicated that this compound herbal formula could improve the survival rate and immunity performance of chickens infected by Wuding chicken leukemia, and had the effect of inhibiting(or treating) Wuding chicken leukemia, with the best effect in the dose 2 group(0.4% of antiviral + 0.4% of immunity enhencing additive). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] This study explored the effects of different green light intensities on development of Ectropis grisescens Warren to provide support for the green prevention and control of E. grisescens in tea plantations. [Method] The first instar larvae of the fifth generation of E. grisescens, which were reared in the room with fresh leaves, were treated with green light with intensities of 40, 80, 120, 140, 240 and 340 lx at wavelengths of 520-525 nm. There were 7 treatments in total including the control with 80 larvae in each treatment. The green light groups were irradiated by general fluorescent lamp (150-200 lx) for 12 hours during the day and by green light for 12 hours at night, while the control group was irradiated by general fluorescent lamp (150-200 lx) for 12 hours during the day and remained darkness for 12 hours at night. The effects of green light intensity on larval development duration, survival rate, pupa quality, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, adult longevity, duration of oviposition, female fecundity and hatching rate of E. grisescens were determined. [Result] With the increase of light intensity, the total developmental duration of E. grisescens larvae was shortened, among which 240 and 340 lx treatments were significantly different from the control. The survival rate of the 5th instar larvae of E. grisescens was decreased. Except for 40 lx, the pupation rates of E. grisescens of other treatments were significantly lower than that of the control. Compared with the control, the quality of male and female pupae decreased under different light intensities, and the quality of male pupae was lower than that of female pupae. With the increase of light intensity, the eclosion rate of E. grisescens adults decreased, and the green light treatments of 120, 140, 240 and 340 lx were significantly different from the control. The longevity of adults treated with 240 and 340 lx green light was significantly shortened, the maximum and average egg production per female was significantly decreased, and the oviposition duration was significantly shortened. Compared with the control, the hatching rate of eggs treated with different light intensities was significantly decreased with the lowest value of 17.00%. [Conclusion] The treatments with green light intensities of 240 and 340 lx significantly shortened the developmental duration of larvae and adult longevity, decreased eclosion rate, female fecundity and hatching rate, and thus inhibited the development of the population. It can be concluded that these two kinds of intensity green light can effectively prevent and control the E. grisescens warm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to investigate the effect of different periods of flat-cropping on growth and survival rate of Caragana korshinskii. The experiment took Caragana korshinskii of Siziwangqi in Ulanqab city as the research object and measured its nutrient composition every month between April and October. After two years of growth, the survival rate and related parameters of sprouting plants were evaluated. The results showed that the recovery rate of the average height of tillers was 38.15% in Caragana korshinskii after the flat-stupping in August. In April, 136.92% of the average crown width of tillers were restored, which was suitable for flat stupping. In August and September, the average crown width of tillers was low, which was not suitable for flat stupping. In April, 257.00 new branches were the most in Caragana korshinskii. The number of new branches was low in July. In April, the average fresh weight of new branches of Caragana korshinskii was 14.73%. The effect of flat stubble in July was the worst. The recovery ratio of the average diameter of tillers was 56.64% in June, which was lower in July and August. The study indicates that the survival rate of Caragana korshinskii is not reduced in different periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effects of salinity on the growth of Selenotoca multifasciata juveniles, different salinity gradient tests were conducted on the seedlings with the body mass of 1. 26-1. 38 g, the six test salinity were 0 (freshwater), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25, and the test period was 40 d. The results showed that the survival rate of S. multifasciata juveniles in freshwater (salinity 0) was the lowest in the first 10 days of culture, only 80. 00%. After 10 days, the survival rate of S. multifasciata juveniles in all test groups was 100%. These results showed that S. multifasciata juveniles had strong tolerance to low salinity environment. The final body mass, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of S. multifasciata juveniles in the treatment group of salinity 10 were the largest, being (68. 71±1. 11)g, (5 310. 23±134. 24)% and (10. 00±0. 03)%, respectively. The final body mass, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of S. multifasciata in the treatment group of salinity 0 were the smallest, being (53. 71±0. 81)g, (4 096. 09±165. 26)% and (9. 34±0. 04)%, respectively. The salinity had significant effects on the feed coefficient of S. multifasciata juveniles, the feed coefficient in salinity 10 treatment group was the lowest and it had significant differences with that in other test groups (P<0. 05). Overall, S. multifasciata juveniles had strong adaptability to salinity, and they could be cultured in both freshwater and seawater, the suitable salinity was 5-25, and the optimum salinity was 10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To investigate Artemisinin-affected cell proliferation and aerobic glycolysis on clear cell renal carcinomas (ccRCC) through regulating ENO2 and clarify the mechanism. Methods　ccRCC cell lines OSRC2 and ACHN were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 µmol/L Artemisinin, OSRC2 and ACHN cells treated with 25 µmol/L Artemisinin or transfected with si-ENO2 at the same time. CCK-8 assay detected cell proliferation, glucose consumption, and lactate production were detected by glucose test kit and lactate test kit. The expressions of HK2, LDHA, and ENO2 were detected by Western blot, and ENO2 mRNA expression was detected by RTqPCR. Results　The survival rate of OSRC2 and ACHN cells were decreased with the increase of Artemisinin concentration and treatment time, the IC50 of OSRC2 cells was 25.47 µmol/L, and the IC50 of ACHN was 26.31 µmol/L. ENO2 was upregulated in OSRC2 and ACHN cells (P < 0.01). and Artemisinin diminished ENO2 expression in cancer cells (all P < 0.05). Exposure to Artemisinin (25 µmol/L) or knocking down ENO2 significantly inhibited the survival of OSRC2 and ACHN cells ( all P < 0.001), glucose consumption ( P < 0.05), lactate production (all P < 0.05) and protein expression of HK2 and LDHA (all P < 0.05). Compared with si-ENO2 group, the survival rate (P < 0.001), glucose consumption (P < 0.05), lactate production (all P < 0.05) and the expression of HK2 and LDHA (all P < 0.05) of OSRC2 and ACHN cells in knocking down ENO2 and treated with 25 µmol/L Artemisinin group were decreased. Conclusion　Artemisinin can inhibit the survival rate and aerobic glycolysis of ccRCC cells, and plays a role by downregulating the expression of ENO2 in ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is an effective treatment for alleviating menopausal syndrome, and 18.16% of perimenopausal women are receiving MHT treatment at present. Most gynecological malignancies are hormone-dependent, so the safety and efficacy of MHT in women with menopausal syndrome and those women with gynecological malignancies combined with menopausal syndrome are still controversial. For the menopausal syndrome patients without gynecological malignancies, reasonable selection of estrogen therapy may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, and selection of MHT containing progesterone may reduce the risk of endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. As for epithelial ovarian cancer, early endometrial cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, vaginal squamous cell carcinoma and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, reasonable selection of MHT regimen may not increase the risk of recurrence, while may prolong the survival. By reviewing the MHT guidelines and the related clinical studies issued globally in recent years, we discuss how to rationally select MHT regimens to reduce the risk of gynecological malignancies in women with menopausal syndrome, how to reduce the recurrence risk of patients with gynecological malignancies combined with menopausal syndrome, and how to improve the survival rate of patients with gynecological malignant tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heat resistance of the spore directly affects the production efficiency and cost of the dry powder of technical concentrate for Bacillus biocontrol bacteria. In order to develop the techniques to enhance the spore heat resistance of B. amyloliquefaciens PHODG36, a mutant strain BBW-11 of B. amyloliquefaciens PHODG36 with enhanced spore heat resistance was obtained by heat-treated mutagenesis and variable temperature mutagenesis. The spore survival rate of BBW-11 increased by more than 55.0%, while no significant difference in terms of colony morphology, biofilm formation,growth dynamics and antifungal activity compared to the wild-type strain PHODG36. The appropriate protective agent and treating conditions of BBW-11 were determined by orthogonal tests, and the technology to enhance the spore heat resistance of strain PHODG36 was established such as ‘the heat resistant mutant strain BBW-11 + 0.5% sucrose + 55 ℃ temperature treating for 0.5 h’, the spore survival rate was 2.3 times higher than that of the untreated mutant strain BBW-11 and 2.8 times higher than that of the wild-type strain PHODG36. In conclusion, the technique to enhance the spore heat resistance of strain PHODG36 was established in this study, which provides a technical support for the optimization of the spray drying process of the dry powder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To analyze the relationship between No.12a lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological features of upper gastric cancer and to discuss the indications and prognostic significance of lymph node dissection in this group. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 377 patients with upper gastric cancer, to compare the relationship between No.12a lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with upper gastric cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the prognosis of patients with or without No.12a lymph node metastasis, and Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis and survival of patients with upper gastric cancer. Results Tumor location (lesser curvature side), tumor diameter (≥5.5 cm), degree of differentiation, and T/N/TNM stage were significantly correlated with No.12a lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). After excluding N staging, Cox regression results showed that the degree of differentiation (HR: 0.668, 95%CI: 0.48-0.931, P=0.017) and pTNM stage (HR: 6.319, 95%CI: 4.063-9.828, P < 0.001) were the independent risk factors, but No.12a lymph node metastasis (HR: 1.477, 95%CI: 0.71-3.075, P=0.297) was not an independent risk factor for survival of upper gastric cancer patients. Conclusion No.12a lymph node metastasis does not seem to be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of upper gastric cancer patients. However, the prognosis of patients with No.12a lymph node metastasis is worse than that of patients without No.12a lymph node metastasis. The No.12a lymph nodes should be actively dissected when the tumor is in the following situations: the tumor is located in the lesser curvature, the degree of differentiation is poorly differentiated, and the tumor stage is late (T4, N3, or Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage).

Objective To investigate the prognosis of serum bicorticotin-like kinase 1 （DCLK1） and soluble T cell immunoglobulin mucin molecule 3 （sTim-3） in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Methods This study selected 80 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 as the research group, and another 80 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period as the control group; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was applied to detect serum levels of DCLK1 and sTim-3; The relationship between serum DCLK1 and sTim-3 and pathologic features and prognosis of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy was analyzed. Results The serum levels of DCLK1 and sTim-3 in the study group were obviously higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. Serum DCLK1 and sTim-3 levels were positively correlated （P < 0.05）. Both were positively correlated with PSA level and Gleason score （P < 0.05）. Serum DCLK1 and sTim-3 expression levels were associated with PSA levels, Gleason scores, and TNM stages （P < 0.05）. The serum levels of DCLK1 and sTim-3 in the prognostic death group were significantly higher than those in the prognostic survival group （P < 0.05）. Patients with high expression of DCLK1 and sTim-3 had lower survival rates than those with low expression. According to Cox regression analysis, high expression of DCLK1 and sTim-3 was a risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy （P < 0.05）. According to the ROC curve, the AUC that jointly predicted the prognosis of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy was better than that of DCLK1 and sTim-3 respectively. Conclusion DCLK1 and sTim-3 are obviously elevated in the serum of prostate cancer patients, and their combination can better evaluate the prognosis of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Machine Tool & Hydraulics is the property of Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (GMERI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The heterotrophic flagellates, Oxyrrhis marina were first suggested to feed Amphiascopsis cinctus, and the effects on the growth and survival rate of Amphiascopsis cinctus were studied. The results showed that the Amphiascopsis cinctus feed on Oxyrrhis marina of different concentrations finished its development and reproduction in different speed. When the Oxyrrhis marina concentrations were 200 ind·mL–1, 800 ind·mL–1, 3200 ind·mL–1 and > 10 4 ind·mL–1 respectively, the increasing concentration of Oxyrrhis marina considerably shorten the development time of Amphiascopsis cinctus between nauplii to copepodid stage from (16.30±0.82) d to (9.06±0.87) d, between copepodid stage to adult stage from (15.94±0.63) d to (10.14± 1.07) d. With the increasing concentration of flagellates, the survival rate of Amphiascopsis cinctus from nauplii to copepodid and from copepodid to adult increased from 36.72% to 70.25% and from 70.88% to 85.62% respectively, but the highest survival rate was found in the group with lower concentration (3200 ind·mL–1 ). With the increasing of food concentration, the brood amount and the hatching rate of Amphiascopsis cinctus increased from7.86 to10.67; 50.83% to 85.30% respectively, and the incubation time decreased from 8.67d to 5.12d. It can be seen that high concentration of Oxyrrhis marina can accelerate the development of Amphiascopsis cinctus and increase their reproduction efficiency. However, high concentration of flagellates reduces the survival rate of the stage from copepodid to adult, which needs further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in Qidong from 1972 to 2016, and provide a basis for the prognosis evaluation and prevention for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Methods A total of 1 060 registered nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were followed up for survival outcomes until December 31, 2021. Observed survival rate (OSR) and relative survival rate (RSR) was calculated by Hakulinen method in SURV3.01 software, and Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test was used for statistical difference comparison. Age-standardized relative survival rate (ARSR) was calculated according to the International Cancer Survival Standard (ICSS). Joinpoint 4.7.0.0 software was used to conduct the annual average percentage change (AAPC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survival rate. The period from 1972 to 2016 is divided into 9 periods for grouping processing according to 5 years. Results The OSR of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at 1, 5, 10 years were 63.02%, 34.70% and 24.72%, the RSR at 1, 5, 10 years were 64.44%, 38.98% and 31.64%, respectively. The uptrends of RSR in the nine periods were statistically significant (X=112.16, P<0.001). The 1, 5, 10 years RSR for males were 62.66%, 35.89% and 27.94%, while the 1, 5, 10 years RSR for females were 68.30%, 45.67% and 39.68%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in RSR between males and females (X=14.16, P=0.656). The 5-year RSR for the age groups of 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and over 75 years old were 52.83%, 40.92%, 42.64%, 38.65%, 27.23% and 28. 88%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in RSR among different age groups (X=42.33, P=0.003). Moreover, the ARSR of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at 1, 5, 10 years were 63.64%, 37.33% and 27.10%, for males were 61.82%, 35.60% and 25.20%, for females were 68.36%, 43.12% and 32.93%. Period trend showed that the AAPC of 5-ARSR was 2.71% (t=7.47, P<0.001) from 1972 to 2016 in Qidong. The AAPC of 5-ARSR in males and females were 2.63% (1=4.98, P=0.002) and 2.71% (1=6.08, P=0.001). There was statistically significant increase in 5-year ARSR among both genders. Furthermore, the AAPC of 5-year RSR among 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 and 75+ years old were 2.16% (t=4.28, P=0.004), 3.38% (t= 5.06, P=0.001), 1.99% (t=2.82, P=0.026), 2.82% (t=3.39, P=0.012), 2.20% (t=2.82, P= 0.026) and -0.91% (1=-0.42, P=0.689), respectively. Except for the 75+ years old age group, the other age groups were significantly upward trend. Conclusions The overall survival rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Qidong from 1972 to 2016 has shown an upward trend. It is necessary to introduce standardized multi-disciplinary treatment mode to improve treatment effect and survival rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on early prognosis of the recipients after lung transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 307 lung transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. According to preoperative BMI, all recipients were divided into the low (BMI <18.5 kg/m2, n=114), normal (18.5 kg/m2 İBMI <24 kg/m2, n=145) and high (BMIı24.0 kg/m2, n=48) BMI groups, respectively. Baseline data including age, sex, blood type, BMI, preoperative complications, preoperative pulmonary hypertension, and intraoperative use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) of all recipients were compared among three groups. The survival rate of all recipients was estimated by Kaplan-Meier curve and the survival curve was delineated. The differences of survival rate were analyzed by log-rank test. The 30-, 90- and 180-d mortality risk of all recipients after lung transplantation in different BMI groups was compared by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in age and sex of recipients among three groups (both P<0.05). There was a significant difference regarding the 180-d survival rate after lung transplantation among different BMI groups (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the 90-d mortality risk after lung transplantation in the high BMI group was 2.295 times higher than that in the normal BMI group [hazard ratio (HR) 2.295, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.064-4.947, P=0.034]. In the high BMI group, the 180-d mortality risk after lung transplantation was 2.783 times higher compared with that in the normal BMI group (HR 2.783, 95%CI 1.333- 5.810, P=0.006), and the 180-d mortality risk in the low BMI group was 2.181 times higher than that in the normal BMI group (HR 2.181, 95%CI 1.124-4.232, P=0.021). Conclusions Compared with the recipients with normal BMI, their counterparts with high and low preoperative BMI have higher mortality risk early after lung transplantation. Adjusting preoperative BMI to normal range contributes to improving early prognosis of lung transplant recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the relationship between No.12a lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological features of upper gastric cancer and to discuss the indications and prognostic significance of lymph node dissection in this group. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 377 patients with upper gastric cancer, to compare the relationship between No.12a lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with upper gastric cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the prognosis of patients with or without No.12a lymph node metastasis, and Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis and survival of patients with upper gastric cancer. Results Tumor location (lesser curvature side), tumor diameter (≥5.5 cm), degree of differentiation, and T/N/TNM stage were significantly correlated with No.12a lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). After excluding N staging, Cox regression results showed that the degree of differentiation (HR: 0.668, 95%CI: 0.48-0.931, P=0.017) and pTNM stage (HR: 6.319, 95%CI: 4.063-9.828, P<0.001) were the independent risk factors, but No.12a lymph node metastasis (HR: 1.477, 95%CI: 0.71-3.075, P=0.297) was not an independent risk factor for survival of upper gastric cancer patients. Conclusion No.12a lymph node metastasis does not seem to be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of upper gastric cancer patients. However, the prognosis of patients with No.12a lymph node metastasis is worse than that of patients without No.12a lymph node metastasis. The No.12a lymph nodes should be actively dissected when the tumor is in the following situations: the tumor is located in the lesser curvature, the degree of differentiation is poorly differentiated, and the tumor stage is late (T4, N3, or Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To seek the prognostic markers for the gastric cancer (GC) patients, and to achieve the early diagnosis and treatment of GC, and to provide the evidence for improving the survival rate of the GC patients. Methods The clinical data and transcriptome data of 407 and 433 GC patients were downloaded from the The Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA) Database and GSE84437 Dataset, and merged; the GC tissue samples were classified and typed based on the expression levels of cell death-related genes and the ConsensusClusterPlus Package，and were divided into type A（342 cases) and type B（465 cases); the GC patients were divided into low expression group and high expression group according to the expression level of apolipoprotein D（APOD)；the survminer Data Package was used to compare the differences in prognosis of the patients with different subtypes；the ssGSEA Algorithm was used to compare the differences in immune cell infiltration of the patients with different subtypes; Lasso regression and Cox regression were used to construct the prognostic risk model for the GC patients; the clinical characteristics of model genes were filtered；the differential expression of APOD in adjacent normal tissue and GC tissue was analyzed by Public Databases；GSEA analysis was used to assess the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment of APOD; the CIBERSORT Algorithm was used to evaluate the correlation between the content of immune cells and expression of APOD；the online website was used to analyze the drug sensitivity of APOD. Results There was statistically significant difference in prognosis of the patients with two subtypes of cell pyroptosis（P=0.002) ; the levels of 22 kinds of immune cells of the patients with type A were higher than those with type B（P [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]