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Objective: To investigate the expressions of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (S1PR1) in pulmonary ischemia reperfusion injury (PIRI) tissues and explore their relationship., Methods: The model of PIRI was established in vivo male C57BL/6 mice ( n =8). The left pulmonary hilum was occluded for 30 min with a microvascular clamp through a left thoracotomy. Reperfusion began with removal of the clamp. Normal group ( n =8) and sham group ( n =8) were set as control. The hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of ultrastructural changes and wet-to-dry mass ratio in lung tissues were measured for judging the succeed model. The mRNA expressions of sphingosine kinase 1 ( SphK1 ) and S1PR1 were determined by real-time PCR, and ELISA was used to detect the concentrations of S1P and S1PR1 in the lung tissues., Results: The mRNA expressions of SphK1, S1PR1 and the concentrations of S1P and S1PR1 and wet-to-dry mass ratio of the lung tissues in ischemia-reperfusion mice were higher than those normal mice and sham operation mice ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: The increased expressions of S1P and S1PR1 in lung tissues after PIRI suggest that the S1P/S1PR1 signal pathway is involved in the pathophysiological process of PIRI, and may be a potential therapeutic target for it., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)