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With the increasing penetration of new energy, the role of microgrids in the operation control of distributed energy resources (DERs) has become increasingly prominent, but the access of distributed energy will also bring disturbance to the operation of microgrids. Therefore, a two-level decentralized coordinated control scheme based on multi-agent system (MAS) was proposed to ensure the high security and stability of microgrid. The upper agent was based on Petri-net (PN). According to the different working modes of various energy sources, the PN model of DERs was constructed, and the coordination logic control instruction set was designed based on the PN model. The optimal coordination logic control instruction was selected by mesh adaptive direct search filter algorithm (MADSFA). The lower agent was responsible for local continuous control, and different droop control strategies were adopted for inverters with different power characteristics DERs. In order to ensure the stability of the microgrid under transient and steady states, a preset performance controller was added between the inverter and the droop controller to ensure that the output power error of the inverter can be stabilized within the preset error range whether in transient or steady state. At the same time, in order to improve the stability of the microgrid system, the interaction between the two layers adopts the communication mode of master-slave and non-fixed master-slave combination. This interaction mechanism improves the timeliness and flexibility of MAS in the real-time monitoring process of the system. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the two-level decentralized coordinated control strategy based on MAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maritime transportation activity in the Arctic is increasing, which is due to global warming and decline of Arctic sea ice, posing a threat to local atmosphere, marine organisms, etc. From the perspective of ecological protection, potential impact of marine transportation in the Arctic on marine organisms is evaluated using multi-agent system (MAS) simulation through a case of ship-based oil spills. Multiple regression analysis is then used to compare impacts of factors. Considering the interactions between Arctic shipping and Arctic marine organisms and that MAS is shown to be effective to handle such interactions, MAS is used for modeling together with simulation. The biological effects model of Arctic shipping is combined with Arctic maritime transportation model, ship-based oil spill model and oil spreading model. The two indicators of environmental impact assessment are loss rate of Arctic marine organisms within the oiled area (the proportion of the population within the oiled area that gets into contact directly with the oil spills) and oil area. The results show that, taking Arctic Northeast Passage as an example, when vessel traffic in the Arctic is low, oil spill accidents caused by tankers affects 1. 1%~1. 4% of Arctic marine organisms during navigation period. The loss rate can rise to 2. 1%~2. 7% with doubled vessel traffic. It also shows that oil life days have the greatest impact on the loss of Arctic marine organisms, followed by navigation period. Arctic vessel traffic ranks third among all factors. Oil types come last. The variation of loss rate of Arctic marine organisms under different oil types is mainly due to the difference in oil area. The results are expected to help evaluate the impact of Arctic shipping on Arctic marine environment and improve the understanding of emergency preparedness and response of maritime accidents in the Arctic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pita is a broad-spectrum resistance gene for rice blast and has been applied in different rice resistance breeding programs. In order to improve the efficiency for Pita selection based on molecular marker-assistant selection (MAS)，a gene-specific dCAPs marker，Pita918, targeted on single nucleotide polymorphism that result in single amino acid changed between resistant and susceptible allele of Pita on 918th aa has been developed in this paper. The result showed that Pita specific DNA marker Pita918 can distinguish Pita from other R genes and susceptible allele gene clearly，providing breeders an efficient and accurate marker for Pita selection. Additionally，Pita918 has been used for genotype characterization among 13 resistant rice landraces collected from south and southwest of China，the result showed that those landraces do not harboring Pita for their rice blast resistance，suggesting that Pita918 is a valuable DNA marker for genotype identification in rice germplasm，which will give breeders abundant genetic information in new resistance genes discovery [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MRGPRs(Mas related G protein coupled receptors) is a new G protein family found in recent years and they selectively high express in primary sensory neurons of dorsal root(DRG) and trigeminal ganglia(TG),as well as mast cells, indicating these receptors play important roles in the modulation of somatosensory functions. Knowledge of MRGPRs have made us further understand the nociception pathways and thus will help us to develop new analgesic drugs with less side effects.This review article summarizes the findings published in recent years on the ligand, signaling and physiology of hMRGPRs family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban public transportation system features complex structure, concurrent processing and diversity, so it is difficult to solve the dispatching problem effectively. MAS is an effective method to solve complex system problems so that it is used to solve the bus dispatching problem. Firstly, a system framework of intelligent bus dispatch system is designed. Secondly, a MAS model is abstracted from the intelligent bus dispatch system framework, and the modeling method of dispatch agent, bus agent and stop agent is introduced, and the process of construction, reasoning, and learning of knowledge base. Finally the system is implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the problems of building diversity evaluation system for different task and coupling relationship between different measurement indexes, a multi-agent evaluation frame work about effectiveness of naval ship was proposed. The method of model construction about measure of effectiveness of complex system was presented firstly, which can deal with the problem of the coupling relationship between different targets. Then Hierarchical control model was built based on that model. Task breakdown mechanism based on ship work breakdown structure (SWBS) and application of fuzzy set theory to solve the issue of multi-task coalition parallel generation was presented. Agent which had the strongest ability was chosen to compose temporary federate. Utility allocation of federate software without preferences to evaluation effectiveness of naval ship was presented. The weight of index by the method was objective. At last the paper proved the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For contract net protocol based on the limitations of the method of the optimal choice of the historical evaluation of the Agent, we propose the Bayesian average contract net protocol algorithm improvement program. Based on the program analysis of the historical circumstances of the tender, we introduce the concept of the Weighted completion rate and format a new basis for the evaluation. The simulation results show that the improved scheme can effectively improve the effectiveness, fairness and flexibility of MAS contract net protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solving dynamic complex problem is difficult in the theory and applied research of artificial intelligence and complex adaptive systems. Idea from histology is that the auto-run unit in self-adaptive system is abstracted to be Agent, the complex adaptive system is considered as a multi-Agent tissue. The behavior of complex dynamic systems in time and space is described. The adaptive mechanisms and structure model of solving multi-Agent dynamic cooperative tasks based on sequential active logic are proposed. The production process and realization of BDI belief, desire, intention of solving task are analyzed. The semantic rules and action rules of cooperative deduction is builded. The selection algorithm of cooperative groups is given. From the mind change of task solving Agent, the paper describes the six stages to realize the solving model of dynamic cooperative tasks. The six stages are dynamic allocation of tasks, collaboration will produce, generate collaborative groups, common planning making, collaborative groups action and evaluation of results. Experiments and simulation on MAGE and other platforms prove the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: On the basic therapy, to assess the clinical effects of dynamic scalp acupuncture, scalp acupuncture combined with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) therapy and simple PNF therapy for upper limb motor impairment in ischemic post-stroke spastic hemiplegia., Methods: A total of 90 cases were randomly assigned into a PNF group, a dynamic scalp acupuncture group and a scalp acupuncture group, 30 cases in each group. Basic therapy and PNF therapy were applied in the three groups. PNF therapy was used during scalp acupuncture in the dynamic scalp acupuncture group. PNF therapy was applied after scalp acupuncture in the scalp acupuncture group. The points were the upper 1/5 and middle 2/5 of Dingnieqianxiexian (MS 6) and Dingniehouxiexian (MS 7) at the lesion side, the hemiparalysis contralateral side. The treatment was given for 6 months, once a day and 1 month as a course. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA) and Barthel index (BI) were observed before treatment and 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment., Results: The MAS 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were improved compared with those before treatment in the three groups ( all P <0.05), and the MAS results in the dynamic scalp acupuncture group were better than those in the PNF and scalp acupuncture group (all P <0.05). The FMA and BI scores 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were higher than those before treatment (all P <0.05). The FMA Scores in the 3 time points and after treatment in the dynamic scalp acupuncture group were higher than those in the other two groups (all P <0.05)., Conclusion: PNF therapy during scalp acupuncture can relieve the spasmodic condition of patients with upper limb motor impairment in ischemic post-stroke spasmodic hemiplegia, and improve the limb function and life activity, which is better than PNF therapy after scalp acupuncture and simple PNF therapy.