Search

In order to explore the genetic diversity and relatedness of Atractylodes,the psbA-trnH,matK and ITS genes of five species of Atractylodes were analyzed. The results showed that there were four psbA-trnH gene-based conversion sites and five inversion sites;there was only one conversion site based on the matK gene in Atractylodes carlinoides,and there were four inversion sites;there were 82 ITS gene-based conversion sites and 15 inversion sites. The GC content of the psbA-trnH gene was 23. 6%-24. 0%,that of the matK gene was 32. 1% - 32. 5%,and that of the ITS gene was 59. 7% - 63. 8%. Genetic distance analysis showed that the variability ranged from 0 to 0. 058 based on the psbA-trnH gene,from 0 to 3. 718 based on the matK gene,and from 0. 018 to 0. 172 based on the ITS gene. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that based on the psbA-trnH gene Atractylodes japonica and Atractylodes coreana were close relatives,and Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were close relatives. Based on the matK gene,Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were close relatives,and Atractylodes coreana,Atractylodes japonica,Atractylodes lancea,Atractylodes macrocephala were close relatives. Based on the ITS gene Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were the closest relatives,and Atractylodes coreana,Atractylodes japonica,Atractylodes lancea,Atractylodes macrocephala were close relatives,among which Atractylodes coreana and Atractylodes japonica were closer. In summary,ITS was the strongest recognition ability of sequences among the three genes and the highest segregation for species of Atractylodes spp. Among them,Atractylodes coreana and Atractylodes japonica indicated closer affinity from all angles,and it was hypothesized that they might have evolved from the same ancestor. It can fill the gap of the molecular status study of Atractylodes spp. in China,and also provide the basis for the identification of Atractylodes spp. in the medicinal plant market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of South China Agricultural University is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the genetic diversity of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) is crucial for their conservation and man⁃ agement. In this study, DNA was extracted from tissue samples of 104 snow leopard individuals, and combined with 70 snow leopard genotyping data from the literature, a genetic diversity analysis was conducted using nine microsatellite polymorphic loci. The results revealed that as the sample size increased from 70 to 174, the snow leopard population tended to differentiate into two distinct groups: a northwest group and a central group. A total of 45 alleles were detected in the two groups, with an average number of alleles per locus (Na) of 4. 556 and 4. 667, respectively, for the central and northwest populations; The average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0. 574 and 0. 591, while the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0. 517 and 0. 498, respectively. The average inbreeding coefficient (FIS) for the snow leopard population was 0. 137, the average genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) was 0. 067, and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0. 602. The genetic variation between populations accounted for 15. 24%, and the genetic variation within populations is 84. 76%. The nine microsatellite loci exhibited medium to high levels of polymorphism. Compared to other snow leopard studies, the genetic diversity of the two snow leopard groups was moderate, and the level of genetic differentiation between populations was at a medium level. Most of the genetic variation originated within the populations. These findings are significant for global research on snow leopard population structures and genetic diversity, and provide a reliable genetic background for future scientific conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology / Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eriocheir sinensis, commonly known as the Chinese mitten crab, is widely distributed in China from the Liaohe River in the north to the Pearl River in the south and in the shallow waters of the estuary into the sea, among which the population in the Yangtze River system has the largest yield and the most delicious taste, and is favored by domestic consumers. It is an important breeding species in the Chinese fishing industry. Since artificial breeding began in the 1980s, the production of Chinese mitten crabs has increased, and this species has become one of the most economically important crabs in the world and the most economically important freshwater crab in China. From the perspective of aquaculture areas, the Yangtze River Basin region accounts for over 80% of the total output in China, with Jiangsu and Anhui provinces ranking first and third, respectively. Therefore, the culture of Chinese mitten crabs in Jiangsu and Anhui plays a pivotal role in the country. After more than 30 years of development, China has established ecological and large-scale breeding systems for juvenile crabs. Therefore, artificial seedlings dominate the market but are mainly distributed in coastal areas such as Jiangsu. However, to reduce production costs, some breeding farms blindly introduce Chinese mitten crabs to one another, and do not perform germplasm detection during breeding, causing germplasm resources to be random and mixed, which directly affects the quality of juvenile crabs and results in the risk of germplasm decline. To evaluate the genetic background of cultured Chinese mitten crab populations in Jiangsu and Anhui in odd-number years, and to provide a scientific basis for subsequent genetic improvement and breeding of new varieties, 10 pairs of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeats) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of six cultured populations with 177 individuals in total. Each population contained 28–30 adult individuals with an approximate sex ratio. The leg muscle of the sampled crabs was extracted, and genomic DNA was extracted according to the instructions of the genome extraction kit (TianGen DP304). The microsatellite primers were modified using fluorescent labels (FAM and HEX) prior to PCR, and the PCR products were subjected to capillary electrophoresis. Genemarker 2.2 software was used to interpret typing results. The number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), inbreeding coefficient (Fis), and genetic distance (Dn) were calculated using Popgene 1.32 software, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis was performed using the Markov chain method. PIC_CALC 0.6 software calculates polymorphism information content (PIC). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Fst) were performed using Arlequin 3.5 software. A UPGMA tree was constructed based on inter-population genetic distance using MEGA 4.0 software. According to the frequency of alleles, mutation-drift equilibrium was detected using Bottleneck software. Genetic structure analysis was performed using the Structure 2.3.4 software. The results showed that the genetic diversity levels of the six cultured populations of E. sinensis were high and similar (Na=16.0–18.4, Ne=10.1–12.4, Ho=0.759–0.836, He=0.897–0.916, PIC=0.870–0.892). Genetic distance among populations (0.015–0.277) and the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Fst: 0.001–0.011) were low, and genetic variation among populations accounted for only 0.47% of the total variation in AMOVA. These analyses consistently indicated no significant genetic differentiation among the populations. The phylogenetic tree showed that the six cultured populations had a common ancestor and that the Gaochun population had further relationships with the other populations. Owing to its high genetic diversity, the Gaochun population can be used as a base population for mass selection. Genetic structure analysis showed that the genetic composition of each cultured population was diverse, and the proportions were similar. In this study, the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) of 10 loci in six populations had 43 positive values and 17 negative values, and there were both positive and negative values in each population, indicating that there was not only inbreeding to a certain extent but also a small amount of distant breeding in the six cultured populations of Chinese mitten crabs.The results of genetic structure analysis showed that the number of optimal genetic cluster groups was K=3. However, the chaotic genetic structures among the three groups failed to gather into a relatively independent group. Furthermore, each population had a genetic composition similar to those of the three genetic lineage sources. Considering the high level of genetic diversity in these populations, it is possible that the parental population sources are more complex. This indicated that the cultured population of Chinese mitten crabs had a large number of exogenous genetic hybrids.In conclusion, the genetic diversity of cultured Chinese mitten crab populations in the Jiangsu and Anhui areas is still high, which has potential development and utilization value, but there may be germplasm confounding. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies on the breeding population during the subsequent breeding of improved varieties, such as using molecular markers with high sensitivity that can be used to identify different water systems to analyze the sources of mixed germplasm, and conducting germplasm detection before breeding to purify the germplasm and make reasonable and sustainable use of its germplasm resources.

Abstract [Objective] Through identification and analysis of disease resistance of the field- and indoorgrowing seedlings, the distribution of disease resistance of Gossypium barbadense germplasm resources was mastered, providing a basis for screening high resistant resources to Verticillium wilt. [Methods] 238 G. barbadense germplasm resources of our research group were used as objects. In 2023, the field plot test for the natural disease was carried out in KEL and AWT, and the resistance of G. barbadense resources to V. wilt was identified and evaluated by indoor inoculation. [Results] The genetic diversity of 15 indexes of 238 G. barbadense germplasm resources was analyzed. The coefficient of variation was ranged from 2.00% to 36.97%, with an average of 16.05%. Resistance identification in different environments showed that the coefficient of variation was ranged from 8.40% to 71.06%. Based on the analysis of four different environments, no germplasm resources with complete immunity and high resistance to V. wilt were identified, and 30 resistant materials, 194 resistant materials, and 14 susceptible materials were identified. [Conclusion] Most of the planting resources of G. barbadense have resistance to V. wilt. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and select germplasm resources with strong resistance to V. wilt from G. barbadense germplasm resources.

【Objective】The study was conducted to clarify the genetic structure characteristics, genetic diversity level and molecular variation of different geographical populations of Conopomorpha sinensis Bradely, with an aim to provide scientific evidence for the study of its origin and evolution and provide reference information for the control of this pest in different regions.【Method】Using the C. sinensis from5production areas in southern China as materials, using GBS (Genotyping-by-sequencing) technology was used for samples genotyping, then SNP locus was identified with SAMTOOLS software, and phylogenetic tree was constructed according to SNP genotyping results. Finally, principal component analysis was performed.【Result】Sequencing of C. sinensis from5regions was conducted by GBS technology. A total of 27.39 Gb of high-quality effective data were obtained, with an average of 5.48 Gb per sample. A total of 11 767 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) loci were obtained. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the genetic relationship of Luzhou population was far from that of other populations. The results of principal component analysis showed that C. sinensis was divided into2groups in5regions, and the Luzhou population was significantly different from the other4populations. Both principal component analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that there were obvious differences in genetic level among C. sinensis from different geographical origins. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the observed heterozygosity was 0.2099-0.2531, the expected heterozygosity was 0.1937-0.2203, π was 0.2495-0.2748, indicating that the genetic diversity level of C. sinensis population was low. The results of AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variation between populations (0.87%) was smaller than that within populations (99.13%), indicating that the variation mainly came from within populations rather than between populations.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity level of C. sinensis in different geographical populations was low, while the genetic differentiation degree of Luzhou population in Sichuan was high, and its genetic relationship was distant with other populations.

Pepper is one of the important vegetable crops and condiments in China. Carrying out researches on pepper genomics is of great significance for understanding the genetics and evolution of peppers, tapping important functional genes of peppers, and using biotechnology to conduct genetic improvement of varieties. The release of the draft pepper genomic map in 2014 marked the entry of pepper into an era of genomics research. Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in pepper genomics research, revealing the basic features of pepper genome deeply and constructing a preliminary pan-genome of pepper. Meanwhile, pepper genomics has been widely applied in exploring the interspecific differentiation and gene introgression of pepper, analyzing the evolutionary mechanism of pepper important traits, elucidating the genetic diversity of pepper, revealing the characteristics of artificial domestication of pepper, tracing the history of global range expansion and dissemination of pepper, and exploring the genes controlling the formation of important traits of pepper and so on. In this paper, we review and summarize the progress made in pepper genomics and its applications over the past 10 years, and look forward to the construction of a higher-quality pepper reference genome and pan-genome as well as the improvement of the research platform for pepper functional genomics, with an aim to provide a reference for pepper genomics and related applications.

Jiangxi Province is a major province of rice breeding and planting in China. With the rapid improvement of rice breeding level, local varieties were constantly replaced by new varieties, resulted in the loss of a large number of excellent genes and the significant reduction of genetic diversity, and the genetic basis was increasingly narrow. The genetic diversity of 256 new rice varieties in Jiangxi Province was analyzed using the DUS test guide characteristics, aiming to understand the genetic diversity of new rice varieties in Jiangxi Province and provided some references for rice germplasm identification, breeding utilization and new variety testing in Jiangxi Province. The coefficient of variation of the 10 quantitative characteristics ranged from 8. 59% to 21. 83%, the Shannon-Wiener genetic diversity index of the 52 tested characteristics ranged from 0. 03 to 2. 10, with an average of 1. 05, and the cluster analysis showed that the material similarity coefficient ranged from 0. 77 to 0. 95. In recent years, the diversity of varieties selected and bred in Jiangxi Province was relatively narrow, and the development of special rice varieties was also insufficient, such as glutinous rice, colored rice and fragrant rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To promote the selection of new Castanea henryi varieties, the identification of germplasm resources, and the healthy development of the industry, the genetic diversity of 22 excellent clones cultivated in Jian'ou city, Fujian province, were investigated using six pairs of polymorphic EST-SSR primers, and the fingerprints were constructed. Results showed that the average number of alleles per primer pair was 2. 667, average number of effective alleles was 2. 038, average observed heterozygosity was 0. 349, average expected heterozygosity was 0. 447, average Shannon's information index was 0. 721, average number of polymorphic loci was 11. 500, and average polymorphic information content was 0. 434, indicating high genetic diversity. The genetic similarity coefficient varied from 0. 754 to 1. 000, with an average value of 0. 856. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0. 860, it could be divided into five major classes. Class Ⅰ included only HL19. Class Ⅱ included HL5, HL6, HL8, and HL21. Class Ⅲ included HL17 and HL18. Class Ⅳ included HL12 and HL13. Class Ⅴ included HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4, HL7, HL9, HL10, HL11, HL14, HL15, HL16, HL20, and HL22. Fingerprints of 22 clones were constructed using three pairs of polymorphic primers. It provided a reference for the selection of parents and superior germplasms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The study was conducted to clarify the genetic structure characteristics, genetic diversity level and molecular variation of different geographical populations of Conopomorpha sinensis Bradely, with an aim to provide scientific evidence for the study of its origin and evolution and provide reference information for the control of this pest in different regions.【Method】Using the C. sinensis from 5 production areas in southern China as materials, using GBS (Genotyping-by-sequencing) technology was used for samples genotyping, then SNP locus was identified with SAMTOOLS software, and phylogenetic tree was constructed according to SNP genotyping results. Finally, principal component analysis was performed.【Result】Sequencing of C. sinensis from 5 regions was conducted by GBS technology. A total of 27.39 Gb of highquality effective data were obtained, with an average of 5.48 Gb per sample. A total of 11 767 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) loci were obtained. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the genetic relationship of Luzhou population was far from that of other populations. The results of principal component analysis showed that C. sinensis was divided into 2 groups in 5 regions, and the Luzhou population was significantly different from the other 4 populations. Both principal component analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that there were obvious differences in genetic level among C. sinensis from different geographical origins. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the observed heterozygosity was 0.2099-0.2531, the expected heterozygosity was 0.1937-0.2203, π was 0.2495-0.2748, indicating that the genetic diversity level of C. sinensis population was low. The results of AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variation between populations (0.87%) was smaller than that within populations (99.13%), indicating that the variation mainly came from within populations rather than between populations.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity level of C. sinensis in different geographical populations was low, while the genetic differentiation degree of Luzhou population in Sichuan was high, and its genetic relationship was distant with other populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Objective) The genetic diversity of agronomic traits in local pea germplasms in Guangxi was analyzed for obtaining excellent resources and providing theoretical basis for their efficient utilization. (Method) A total of 71 local pea germplasms in Guangxi were used as experimental materials, and their agronomic traits (10 quality traits and 16 quantitative traits) were determined, and their genetic variation was analyzed, and correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were carried out. (Result) The variation range of the coefficient of variation for 10 quality traits was 13.07% -47.71%, and the average was 29. 16%, and the coefficient of variation for all quality traits was greater than 10.00%. The range of genetic diversity index was 0.131.26, and the average was 0.62. The variation range of the coefficient of variation for 16 quantitative traits was 5.78% -61.75%, and the average was 24.07%, and the coefficient of variation for most traits was greater than 10.00%. The range of genetic diversity index variation was 1.73-2.07, and the average was 1.93. Correlation analysis showed that most of the 26 agronomic traits had varying degrees of correlation with each other. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 7 principal components of 26 personality traits was 75.621%, which was mainly related to growth period, yield, grain appearance, plant type and pod appearance. Cluster analysis showed that 71 local pea germplasms in Guangxi were mainly divided into two groups (group I and group II), and Group I was further divided into two secondary groups (Ia and Ib). Germplasms in group la had the characteristics of high stem, creeping, late maturing, higher yield and higher resistance to powdery mildew. Germplasms in group Ib had the characteristics of more and larger pods, higher yield, smaller grains and higher susceptibility to powdery mildew. Germplasms in group II had the characteristics of earlier maturity, shorter stem, upright, long pods, lower yield and higher susceptibility to powdery mildew. Fourteen germplasms with excellent traits were screened out, and germplasms 2, 40, 61 and 67, with high yield and comprehensive resistance to powdery mildew, could be directly promoted and applied. Germplasms with certain excellent agronomic traits such as 5, 14, 15, 41, 57, 59, 66, 68 and 71 could be used as parents for the subsequent creation of excellent new pea germplasm. [Conclusion】 The 71 local pea germplasms in Guangxi have rich genetic diversity in agronomic traits, and they have the characteristics of multiple branches, nodes, longer pods, and more and larger grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Objective] The study aimed to evaluate ITS genetic diversity of wild kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch) in Wumeng Mountain Nature Reserve, and then to explore its genetic relationship and breed new varieties with high quality. (Method) The sample line method environment of wild kiwifruit in Wumengshan Nature Reserve, and 61 Actinidiaceae samples were collected for genome skimming, and the ITS region was used as a template for assembling ITS region on the genomic data obtained from the A. callosa ITS region (accession number: AF323803.1) in order to obtain the ITS gene sequence data for each sample. (Result] In Wumengshan Nature Reserve, the wild kiwifruit plants were mainly distributed at the altitude of 1241.80-1976.42 meters, mostly growing in the hillside forest margin or brush. The results of taxonomic identification showed that the 61 Actinidiaceae samples belonged to one genera (Actinidia Lindl) and seven species. Among them, A. rubus Levl. was endemic in Yunnan province. Comparative analysis of the assembled ITS genes revealed that the sequence lengths ranged from 501 to 650 bp, and the total GC content ranged from 50.88% to 57.72%, with a wide range of variations. The genetic distance of the seven kiwifruit species ranged from 0.003 09 to 0.597 00, with an overall average of 0. 302 00. The genetic distance between A. kolomikta. and A. rubus. was the closet, with a genetic distance of 0.003 09, and the genetic distance between A. chinensis Planch. and A. callosa. A. venosa, A. vitifolia, A. polygama Maxim. was closer, ranging from 0.042 10 to 0.071 90, while the distances A. chinensis Planch. and A. rubus Levl., A. kolomikta Maxim. was 0.588 00 and 0.587 00, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analyses showed that the phylogeny of wild kiwifruit was more complex, and close family and a rather far geographic location were present, suggesting that geographic closeness could contribute to the accumulation of genetic variation. [Conclusion] The study showes that the kiwifruit plants in Wumengshan Nature Reserve are rich in diversity, and the ITS sequences of different species have significant genetic variation loci, and the findings of the study can framework for the creation and application of resources for wild kiwifruit germplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Genetic diversity analysis and evaluation of introduced potato varieties is a necessary method for screening good parental materials. 【Method】SSR fluorescent marker capillary electrophoresis was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 51 introduced potato varieties and construct molecular ID cards. 【Result】The 41 pairs of primers amplified a total of 327 alleles, and 311 alleles were differentiated at the same position, and the percentage of polymorphism was 95.11%. The primer polymorphism information index (PIC) ranged from 0 to 0.89, with an average of 0.71. Shannon's (I) ranged from 0 to 0.54, with an average of 0.32. The genetic similarity coefficient (GS) of the introduced potato varieties was 0.32. In the genetic similarity coefficient GS of 0.76, the test materials were categorized into six major groups: Group I having 14 varieties, group II having 30 varieties, group III having three varieties, group V having two varieties, and group IV and VI having one variety each. Cluster analysis revealed that four varieties, Vilas, Dingshu 4, Kexin 33 and Dongnong 312 could be used as potato breeding materials. 【Conclusion】Three pairs of core primers, STM0037, SSR0387 and SSR01054, were selected to construct fingerprints and molecular IDs of 51 potato varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tea Science is the property of Journal of Tea Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biology Teaching is the property of East China Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The genetic diversity and evolutionary characters of Chishui black bone chicken populations were studied, which provided theoretical basis for evaluation of germplasm resource of Chishui black bone chicken, preservation and utilization of genetic resources. 【Method】The full sequence of Cytb gene of 60 Chishui black bone chickens were tested by PCR amplification and sequencing, and then the genetic diversity and evolution were analyzed by bioinformatics. 【Result】The full-length of Cytb gene in Chishui black bone chicken were 1 143 bp, with the proportions of 24. 1% base T, 36. 4% C, 27. 5% A and 12% G respectively. A total of 13 variable sites were found and all were transversions. The haplotype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (Pi) and average nucleotide differences (K) were 0. 796, 0. 001 91 and 2. 180 respectively. The haplotype network showed that Hap3 and Hap2 were the dominant haplotypes in the whole 9 haplotypes of Cytb gene sequence in Chishui black bone chicken. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the 9 haplotypes of Cytb gene sequence in Chishui black bone chicken and Cytb gene sequence in 5 red jungle fowl subspecies suggested that Hap1were clustered with GGS12, and Hap2 were clustered with GGM1. Hap6, Hap7 and Hap3 clustered with GGM3 into one branch; Hap8 and Hap9 were clustered with GGS3;GGS4 was clustered with GGM2; Hap4 and Hap5 clustered into another branch. 【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of Chishui black bone chicken is high, and which probably originates from Gallus gallus spadiceus and Gallus gallus murghi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University is the property of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University is the property of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the genetic diversity of Aedes albopictus populations in plain, hilly, and mountainous areas of Hainan Province, and to analyze the genetic structure of Aedes albopictus populations in different terrain regions of Hainan Province. Methods Aedes albopictus were collected from the plain areas of Sanya and Haikou City, the hills of Danzhou and Tunchang City, and the mountainous areas of Baisha City in Hainan Province. DNA was extracted from a single mosquito and stored in a -80 °C refrigerator for use. Mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (mtDNA-CO I) was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The results were compared on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website, sequence peaks were observed using BioEdit 7.0, genetic diversity parameters were calculated using DnaSP v6, haplotype networks were constructed using PopART 1.7, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) values were calculated using Arlequin to analyze differences between populations. Results A total of 414 mtDNA-CO I sequences were obtained from Aedes albopictus populations in 5 regions, with lengths of 663 bp. All sequences had five mutation sites, with a G+C content of 32.86% and an A+T content of 67.14%, consistent with mitochondrial DNA characteristics. Compared with other populations, the nucleotide diversity of the Danzhou and Tunchang populations in the plain and hilly areas was higher. The average nucleotide differences were higher in the Sanya, Tunchang, and Danzhou populations. Haploid analysis revealed 6 haplotypes, with H02 being the dominant haplotype. The Sanya and Tunchang populations had the highest number of haplotypes, while the Haikou and Sanya populations had exclusive haplotypes. Only the plains populations had unique haplotypes, while the hill and mountainous populations had relatively fewer haplotypes. The neutral results and mismatch distribution map indicated that the population of Aedes albopictus has recently expanded in all regions. The AMOVA value showed that the intra-population differences were greater than the inter-population differences. Conclusions The mtDNA-CO I gene can serve as a molecular marker for studying the genetic diversity of Aedes albopictus populations. The Sanya population in the plain region shows higher genetic diversity, and the two populations in the hilly region also have higher genetic diversity. However, the number of haplotypes is only higher in the Sanya population in the plains and the Danzhou population in the hills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to accelerate the research of tomato varieties, the establishment of tomato germplasm resource bank, strengthening the extensive collection, identification and evaluation of germplasm resources, combining good genes and effective genes, laid the foundation for the next step to create tomato backbone parents and directional breeding of new tomato varieties, the genetic diversity of 23 phenotypic traits of 74 tomato cultivars was analyzed and evaluated by cluster analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic traits. The results showed that 74 tomato germplasm had high degree of variation, diverse types and rich genetic diversity. The genetic diversity index of 12 quantitative traits ranged from 1.27 to 2.05, with the highest genetic variation at plant height. The genetic diversity index of 11 quality traits ranged from 0.20 to 1.39, and fruit apex shape had the largest genetic variation. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 74 germplasm resources could be divided into 5 groups and 9 subgroups, and the fruit shapes were obviously divided. The results of principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first seven main components was 72.522%. The first principal component mainly reflected the fruit traits, the second principal component mainly reflected the nutritional quality of the fruit, and the third principal component mainly reflected the fruit color characteristics. The five germplasms with high comprehensive scores were HX023, HX024, HX027, HX059 and HX056, which could be used as the core breeding resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pepper is one of the important vegetable crops and condiments in China. Carrying out researches on pepper genomics is of great significance for understanding the genetics and evolution of peppers, tapping important functional genes of peppers, and using biotechnology to conduct genetic improvement of varieties. The release of the draft pepper genomic map in 2014 marked the entry of pepper into an era of genomics research. Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in pepper genomics research, revealing the basic features of pepper genome deeply and constructing a preliminary pangenome of pepper. Meanwhile, pepper genomics has been widely applied in exploring the interspecific differentiation and gene introgression of pepper, analyzing the evolutionary mechanism of pepper important traits, elucidating the genetic diversity of pepper, revealing the characteristics of artificial domestication of pepper, tracing the history of global range expansion and dissemination of pepper, and exploring the genes controlling the formation of important traits of pepper and so on. In this paper, we review and summarize the progress made in pepper genomics and its applications over the past 10 years, and look forward to the construction of a higher-quality pepper reference genome and pan-genome as well as the improvement of the research platform for pepper functional genomics, with an aim to provide a reference for pepper genomics and related applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The genetic diversity and kinship of tea germplasm resources in Shiqian were explored to provide theoretical basis for the development and protection of tea germplasm resources in Shiqian． 【Method】The SSR molecular marker technology was used to analyze the polymorphism, genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 122 tea tree resources from 7 populations in Shiqian, Guizhou, and the genetic distance of tea tree resources from different regions was analyzed． 【Result】A total of 72 polymorphic loci were amplified from 21 pairs of SSR primers, with an average of 3. 43 loci per primer pair. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0. 19 to 0. 76, with an average of 0. 51. The alleles were distributed uniformly and exhibited high levels of polymorphism within the populations. The mean values of Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) for the seven tea tree populations were 0. 22 and 0. 33, respectively. The average percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) was 75%. The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0. 0177 to 0. 1036.The genetic distances of the 122 Shiqian tea tree resources ranged from 0. 10 to 0. 67, and when the genetic distance was 0. 21, they were divided into three major clusters. Group I contained 113 resources, Group II contained only 1 tea tree resource (SWXD009), and Group III contained 8 tea tree resources, namely SWXD-B, SWXD-F, SWXD-H, SWXD-M, SQT3, SQT4, SWX005, SWX006; The tea resources from Changxing village of Wude town were all found in the three groups． 【Conclusion】The genetic differentiation among tea tree populations in Shiqian, Guizhou is relatively small. However, there are certain genetic differences among individual plants within populations, especially within the tea tree population of Changxing village,Wude town, indicating a abundant genetic background and a good foundation for selecting and utilizing excellent resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Biotechnology (2095-2341) is the property of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】Deqing County, Guangdong Province is a native habitat of Morinda officinalis How., a genuine medicinal herb in China. In the study, the genetic diversity of germplasm resources of 24 varieties of Morinda officinalis How. were analyzed.【Method】A total of 24 Morinda officinalis How. resources collected from Deqing County as research objects, and principal component analysis and molecular marker methods (SRAP and CDD) were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 24 Morinda officinalis How. materials.【Result】Phenotypic analysis showed that, in the cluster map based on principal component analysis, Guanwei Town, Gaoliang Town, Fengcun Town and Gaoliang Town were clustered in four groups. In addition, 100 and 98 total bands were obtained in 18 pairs of SRAP primer combinations and 16 CDDP primers, among them, there were 50 SRAP polymorphic bands, resulting in a polymorphism ratio of 50%. The average genetic similarity coefficient (GS) was 0.87, and the GS ranged from 0.71 to 0.97. There were 80 polymorphic bands in CDDP, with a polymorphism ratio of 79.0%. The GS among germplasm resources ranged from 0.71 to 0.96, with an average (GS) of 0.86. When the coefficient was 0.82, both SRAP and CDDP molecular markers showed certain similarities among the germplasm resources of Gaoliang Town, Guanxu Town and Fengcun Town.【Conclusion】Combined with the clustering results of phenotypic and molecular marker, the genetic relationship is closest between Gaoliang Town and Guanwei Town as well as Gaoliang Town and Fengcun Town. The results of SRAP and CDDP molecular marker methods have certain differences in the genetic diversity of Morinda officinalis How., and the combined analysis can better reflect the genetic diversity of Morinda officinalis How. and the phylogenetic relationship of Morinda officinalis How. resources.

Agarwood is a traditional medicinal material and natural fragrance in the world, with long history of application. At present, Aquilaria Lam. is the main species in agarwood production. The development of and market demand of agarwood industry has led to excessive exploitation and depletion of Aquilaria tree species in the wild, posing a threat to their germplasm diversity and sustainable development. To better utilize and protect the agarwood resources, this paper analyzed the development status of the agarwood industry based on the reference materials related to genetic diversity and molecular identification of Aquilaria, combined with the market research at home and abroad. And we conducted a systematic investigation into the development and utilization of the germplasm resources of Aquilaria in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian and other domestic provinces as well as in overseas countries, such as Malaysia and Vietnam. We summarized and outlined the genetic diversity and molecular identification studies of Aquilaria plants at home and abroad. We explored the research progress of genetic diversity in Aquilaria from four aspects, including phenotypic traits, DNA molecular markers, DNA fingerprinting technology and nuclear genome level, and the current research status of molecular identification of Aquilaria from three major aspects, including DNA fingerprinting, DNA barcoding of nucleoplasmic gene fragments, and put forward the problems and trends of Aquilaria in molecular genetics, with a view to providing references for the researches of germplasm resources of Aquilaria.

Due to global climate change (especially the repeated fluctuation of the Quaternary climate) and environmental isolation have a profound impact on the genetic diversity, genetic structure, geographical distribution pattern and population historical dynamics of modern plants. We used the research method of molecular pedigree geography to analyze the three non-coding chloroplast fragments psbK-psbI, atpF-atpH and trnL-F of 212 individuals from 19 populations in China of Pinellia ternata, a Araceae Pinellia perennial herb with high value of medicin, to explore the genetic diversity, genetic structure, geographical distribution pattern and its causes, and also explore the historical dynamics of its population. The results were as follows: (1) The total haplotype diversity (Hd) of P. ternata was 0.882 and the total nucleotide diversity (π) was 1.23 × 10-3, which means high genetic diversity at the species level. (2) The results of molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation of P. ternata occurred mainly in 89.27% of populations, with significant genetic differentiation (FST=0.909, P GST(0.01

【Objective】The study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of Symphysodon aequifasciatus, analyze the kinship and the genetic differences of a wild population and two artificially bred blue populations, identify candidate genomic regions and loci associated with body color, and provide references for the formulation of classification system of discus fish.【Method】Whole-genome resequencing was conducted on 9 individuals from the wild population (WF), 8 individuals from the solid blue population (BF) and 10 individuals from the albino blue population (ABF), respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were obtained to calculate population genetic diversity indices, analyze population genetic structure, and perform selective sweep analysis between populations. The candidate SNPs were validated by considering SNP annotation and mutation rates combined with PCR and Sanger sequencing.【Result】A total of 1 360 293 SNPs are identified among the 3 Symphysodon aequifasciatus populations. Genetic diversity, as measured by PIC, Pi, Ho, and He, indicates a decreasing trend from the wild population to the solid blue and albino blue populations, with low heterozygosity in the selected populations. Phylogenetic tree, population structure analysis, and principal component analysis of polymorphic loci all indicate that the three populations are independent of each other and cluster within themselves. Linkage disequilibrium decay analysis indicates that the albino blue population is under significant selection pressure, followed by the solid blue population. The result of population selective sweep based on the population differentiation index (FST) and nucleotide polymorphism (Pi) reveals strong selection signals in large regions of chromosomes 3, 12, 13, 18, and 20 in the solid blue population and chromosomes 1, 16, 18, and 19 in the albino blue population. Thirteen and nine candidate SNPs are identified in the solid blue and albino blue populations, respectively.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of the 3 Symphysodon aequifasciatus populations is relatively low, and the genetic relationships are consistent with the process of artificial breeding. USP43, FGFR2, DENND4, and MLL1 genes may be closely related to the body color formation of Symphysodon aequifasciatus.

Seven grain quality traits were tested in the panel of 188 winter wheat accessions from Xinjiang. Twelve co-associated genetic loci were detected in four different environments via GWAS, explaining 6.021%-31.467% phenotypic variation. Two pleiotropism loci, located on chromosomes 6A and 2B, associated with protein content and settlement value, protein content and bulk density of wheat. Five pleiotropism loci, located on 3A, 1B, 6B, 7B, and 7D, shared by protein content and wet gluten content. One pleiotropism locus, located on 5B chromosome, associated with settlement value, bulk density of wheat and grain hardness. Three pleiotropism loci located on 7A, 3B, and 2D, respectively, which shared by protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content, while one pleiotropism locus with unknown site was also associated with protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content. These associated loci or genes might be employed to select favorite wheat genotypes, and cultivate elite wheat genotypes via marker-assisted selection in wheat quality breeding. Candidate genes at stable loci associated with multiple traits were searched, and 11 candidate genes that might be related to wheat grain quality with multiple traits and environments were screened. Among them, TraesCS6B01G347500 encoded a storage and transportation protein, TraesCS1B01G395400 encoded a carbohydrate transport protein/sugar transport protein, and TraesCS2D01G246500 gene encoded a protein ESKIMO1 related to cold tolerance, salt tolerance, and water conservation. These genes can be used as candidate genes for allelic variation analysis and marker development, provide molecular tools for wheat marker assisted selection breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the inheritance of agricultural characteristics and lint yield traits in upland cotton parents and F1 crosses can provide the reference for breeding workers to select and improve certain traits. Four agronomic characters and four yield traits of 130 varieties (lines) and their 206 F1 crosses of upland cotton were analyzed on additive and effects by a genetic model with additive, dominance, and their interaction effects with the environment, genetic contribution analysis and decision coefficient analysis were conducted on the observation results. The results showed that these traits had rich genetic diversity with the coefficient of variation of the eight traits of the parents ranging from 5.54% to 50.83%, and the F1 crosses ranging from 3.96% to 55.87%. The additive contribution rate of agronomic traits (except for the first fruit branch node position to yield) to yield traits reached a very significant level (contribution rate was 4%--100%), and the additive contribution rate and dominant contribution rate of five petal boll rate and plant height to the boll number and boll weight and the contribution rate of dominant x environmental interaction reached a positive and significant level above 0.01. The genetic effects controlled by additive effects included the height of the first fruit branch, plant height, five petal boll rate, boll weight, and lint percentage, with lint percentage being the largest. Except for the small additive effect, plant height exhibits significant differences in dominant and additive effects x environmental interaction effects, dominance x environmental interaction effect and the generalized heritability of interaction were the maximum. The main decision-making and limiting traits for improving the lint yield in hybrid offspring of upland cotton had been identified. The coefficient of variation of upland cotton was relatively large. The five petal boll rate and plant height played a more important role in increasing the boll number and boll weight per plant. The boll number, boll weight, and lint percentage were the main decision-making traits for increasing the lint yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To study the genetic diversity of Plasmodiophora brassicae and to explore the relationship between ISSR markers of Plasmodiophora brassicae and Williams’race identification results. [Method] 100 ISSR primers were screened, and the selected primers were used to amplify the DNA of 48 P. brassicae from all over the country. Based on the amplified polymorphic bands, a cluster analysis chart was established to analyze the genetic diversity of P. brassicae and compare the results with Williams’ race identification. [Result] Three primers were screened out of 100 ISSR primers to amplify the DNA of 48 Plasmodiophora brassicae to obtain clear bands. The results of ISSR clustering analysis could distinguish the Williams’race No. 11 from other races, but could not completely distinguish Plasmodiophora brassicae, and the geographical origin of P. brassicae had no correlation with its genetic distance. [Conclusion] This study lays a certain foundation for the molecular identification of Plasmodiophora brassicae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]This work aims to quickly identify and utilize Xanthoceras sorbifolia germplasm resources, and explore the relationship of germplasm.[Method]Eleven primers with clear bands and good polymorphism were selected from 20 pairs of SSR primers. Fluorescence capillary electrophoresis technology was used for 29 X. sorbifolia varieties(lines)polymorphism detection. The neighbor-joining method was utilized for cluster analysis, while numerical and letter codes were assigned to create molecular identity cards.[Result]A total of 66 alleles were detected, and each pair of primers detected 3-10 alleles with an average of 6. The Shannon information index(I)varied from 1.723 to 0.349，with an average of 1.16. The polymorphic information content(PIC)revealed by different primers ranged from 0.276 to 0.841， with an average of 0.66. The observed heterozygosity(Ho)ranged from 0.137 to 0.958, with an average of 0.739. The expected heterozygosity (He)ranged from 0.187 to 0.79, with an average of 0.648. Among the 11 loci, 7 loci had an average observed heterozygosity greater than the average expected heterozygosity. The genetic diversity coefficient varied from 0 to 1 with an average of 0.31. There were 15 individuals with a genetic similarity coefficient above 0.6, accounting for only 5.17% of the total data. At the genetic distance of 0.42, the 29 X. sorbifolia materials were divided into three categories by cluster analysis. Based on these results, the DNA fingerprint database composed of the digits 0 and 1 and the molecular identity card were established, which allowed unequivocal identification of all the varieties except a few unique ones.[Conclusion]This indicates that the genetic diversity of the 29 germplasm resources of X. sorbifolia is relatively high, but there is also a certain degree of inbreeding. Molecular identity cards for X. sorbifolia using SSR markers is simple and feasible, which may provide technical support and scientific basis for genetic identification, rights protection, identity validation, traceability management, and new variety breeding of X. sorbifolia varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]This article aimed to obtain characteristics and high-quality germplasm resources of Flammulina filiformis by space mutagenesis technology. [Methods]F.filiformis strain F3-1 was subjected to aerospace mutagenesis. Spaceflight mutagenesis strains were screened, characterized and analyzed for diversity of genetic variations by experiments such as antagonistic experiments, molecular marker experiments and determination of active substances. Strains with high contents of active substances were screened. [Results]Seven variants with obvious antagonism to the starting strain were obtained by antagonism test. Molecular marker(ISSR, RAPD, SRAP)clustering analysis showed that the seven mutant strains and starting strain shared genetic similarity coefficients from 0.694 to 0.962, and could be classified into three clusters at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.800. The variation coefficients such as mycelial growth rate, biomass, phenolics, flavanoid, polysaccharide and ergothionein between mutagenized and starting strains ranged from 7.68% to 38.97%, and the genetic diversity index H' ranged from 1.53 to 2.00. Among them, the highest coefficient of variation was found for polysaccharide content, indicating that it was greatly affected by mutagenesis; the genetic diversity index was largest for total phenols, indicating its rich mutagenesis types. Biological properties cluster analysis revealed three clusters at a genetic distance of 3.16. Finally, two high polysaccharide content strains(T2 and T5)were obtained by screening, among which T2 was superior to the starting strain in terms of growth rate, biomass and active substances, while T5 was mainly characterized as a high polysaccharide content strain with 114.70% higher polysaccharide content than the starting strain(P<0.01). [Conclusions]There was abundant genetic variation diversity in the strains treated by spaceflight mutagenesis, which was an excellent germplasm resource for new variety breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agarwood is a traditional medicinal material and natural fragrance in the world, with long history of application. At present, Aquilaria Lam. is the main species in agarwood production. The development of and market demand of agarwood industry has led to excessive exploitation and depletion of Aquilaria tree species in the wild, posing a threat to their germplasm diversity and sustainable development. To better utilize and protect the agarwood resources, this paper analyzed the development status of the agarwood industry based on the reference materials related to genetic diversity and molecular identification of Aquilaria, combined with the market research at home and abroad. And we conducted a systematic investigation into the development and utilization of the germplasm resources of Aquilaria in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian and other domestic provinces as well as in overseas countries, such as Malaysia and Vietnam. We summarized and outlined the genetic diversity and molecular identification studies of Aquilaria plants at home and abroad. We explored the research progress of genetic diversity in Aquilaria from four aspects, including phenotypic traits, DNA molecular markers, DNA fingerprinting technology and nuclear genome level, and the current research status of molecular identification of Aquilaria from three major aspects, including DNA fingerprinting, DNA barcoding of nucleoplasmic gene fragments, and put forward the problems and trends of Aquilaria in molecular genetics, with a view to providing references for the researches of germplasm resources of Aquilaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】Deqing County, Guangdong Province is a native habitat of Morinda officinalis How., a genuine medicinal herb in China. In the study, the genetic diversity of germplasm resources of 24 varieties of Morinda officinalis How. were analyzed.【Method】A total of 24 Morinda officinalis How. resources collected from Deqing County as research objects, and principal component analysis and molecular marker methods (SRAP and CDD) were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 24 Morinda officinalis How. materials.【Result】Phenotypic analysis showed that, in the cluster map based on principal component analysis, Guanwei Town, Gaoliang Town, Fengcun Town and Gaoliang Town were clustered in four groups. In addition,100 and 98 total bands were obtained in 18 pairs of SRAP primer combinations and 16 CDDP primers, among them, there were 50 SRAP polymorphic bands, resulting in a polymorphism ratio of 50%. The average genetic similarity coefficient (GS) was 0.87, and the GS ranged from 0.71 to 0.97. There were 80 polymorphic bands in CDDP, with a polymorphism ratio of 79.0%. The GS among germplasm resources ranged from 0.71 to 0.96, with an average (GS) of 0.86. When the coefficient was 0.82, both SRAP and CDDP molecular markers showed certain similarities among the germplasm resources of Gaoliang Town, Guanxu Town and Fengcun Town.【Conclusion】Combined with the clustering results of phenotypic and molecular marker, the genetic relationship is closest between Gaoliang Town and Guanwei Town as well as Gaoliang Town and Fengcun Town. The results of SRAP and CDDP molecular marker methods have certain differences in the genetic diversity of Morinda officinalis How., and the combined analysis can better reflect the genetic diversity of Morinda officinalis How. and the phylogenetic relationship of Morinda offi cinalis How. resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]