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The Eastern Pacific Equatorial region is an important fishing ground for China, and there is a close relationship between mesoscale eddies and the distribution of fishing grounds. In this study, a vector geometry method based on flow field was used to identify mesoscale eddies in the Eastern Pacific Equatorial region （85°W-125°W, 5°S-5°N） using 2012-2018 meteorological satellite remote sensing data and filtering out vortices with a lifespan longer than one week. The spatial distribution, radius range, lifecycle, migration path, and velocity of mesoscale eddies in this region were analyzed. The relationship between the eddy and the fishing ground distribution was also discussed. The results showed that the number of anticyclonic eddies in the Eastern Pacific Equatorial region was greater than that of cyclonic eddies. The eddy lifecycle was relatively short, with the majority lasting no more than one week. The eddy radius was mainly concentrated in the range of 250-310 km, and the migration velocity was mainly concentrated at 6-18 m/s, with a migration distance of 25-50 km. There were two regions, called as "tropical regions," near the 5°N and 5°S, which exhibited more frequent eddy activity, while near the equator, there were almost no eddies present. Additionally, some characteristics of the eddies （period and radius） showed obvious interannual variations. These findings provide a basis for analysis of fishing ground formation, temporal and spatial distribution, and the development of fishing forecasts in the Eastern Pacific Equatorial region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]