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ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between dietary fiber intake and hypertension in different populations. MethodsDietary fiber intake was calculated using the data from 2015—2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database by combining dietary data collected by the 24-hour dietary recall method with the USDA Food and Nutritional Database. Hypertension was defined based on blood pressure values obtained through questionnaires and mobile center measurements. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between dietary fiber intake and hypertension in individuals aged ≥18 years. Generalized additive model (GAM) and smoothed curve fitting were used to analyze the dose-response relationship between them. ResultsCompared with the low dietary fiber intake (＜17.75 g/d) group , in the total population, the prevalence risk of hypertension was 18% lower in the high dietary fiber intake (≥18.85 g/d) group (OR＝0.82, 95%CI 0.68-0.98). In the male population, the risk of hypertension in the high dietary fiber intake group decreased by 23% (OR＝0.77, 95%CI 0.60-0.98). In the female population, when dietary fiber intake was ＞28.05 g/d, the risk of hypertension decreased by 6% (OR＝0.94, 95%CI 0.89-0.99) for 1 g/d increase in dietary fiber intake. In the population aged ＞60 years, the risk of hypertension decreased by 31% in the high dietary fiber intake group (OR＝0.69, 95%CI 0.48-0.99). In the population aged ≤45 years, the risk of hypertension decreased by 6% (OR＝0.94, 95%CI 0.88-0.99) for 1 g/d increase when dietary fiber intake ＞34.5 g/d. ConclusionsHigh dietary fiber intake is associated with a decreased risk of developing hypertension, and a reasonable increase in dietary fiber intake can help reduce the incidence of hypertension.

Objective To explore the relationship between cardiac metabolic index (CMI) and stroke in middle-aged and elderly individuals based on a large sample cohort study. Methods Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to explore the association between CMI and stroke, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to examine possible non-linear associations. Results A total of 6198 study participants were included in this study, with 349 strokes occurring during the 7-year follow-up and a baseline CMI level of 0.98 (0.61, 1.51). Logistic regression results showed that for each quartile increase in CMI, the prevalence risk of a new stroke was increased by 36.7% (OR=1.367, 95%CI: 1.188-1.574) and there was a cumulative effect (P for trend＜0.01). RCS showed that there was a dose-response relationship between CMI and stroke (P＜0.01), and it was a non-linear relationship (Pnon-linear＜0.01). Conclusion High levels of CMI have a high predictive value for the occurrence of stroke.

Objective To investigate the association between Weight Adjusted Waist Index (WWI) and cardiovascular disease among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province. Methods Based on the Longitudinal Study of Natural Population in Southwest Minority Aggregated Areas, a baseline survey was conducted among Dong, Miao, and Buyi ethnic groups aged 30 to 79 years in Qiandongnan and Qiannan regions of Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2019. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between WWI and cardiovascular disease and its subtypes among the ethnic minority population in Guizhou Province. Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) was employed to explore the dose-response relationship between WWI and cardiovascular disease. Multiplicative and additive models were used to analyze the interaction effects of WWI with alcohol consumption and diabetes on cardiovascular disease. Results A total of 16 993 individuals were included, and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among the ethnic minority population in Guizhou Province was 3.1%. After adjusting for all covariates, compared to the lowest quartile of WWI (QI), the odds ratios (ORs) for cardiovascular disease in the third quartile (Q3) and the fourth quartile (Q4) of WWI were 1.448 (95%CZ: 1.089-1.924) and 1350 (95%CI: 1,007-1.811), respectively. The RCS showed an approximately S-shaped non-linear dose-response relationship between WWI and cardiovascular disease (P for nonlinear = 0.029). The multiplicative interaction analysis revealed a positive interaction between WWI and alcohol consumption (OR =2.36: 95%CI: 1.22-4.55), while no multiplicative interaction was found between WWI and diabetes (Oi-二0.55, 95%CZ: 0.30-1.00). Conclusion WWI is positively associated with cardiovascular disease among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province, and there is a non-linear dose-response relationship. Additionally, there is a multiplicative interaction between WWI and alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective : To explore the dose-response relationship between γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), markers of oxidative stress and the risk of dyslipidemia, so as to provide reference for prevention and improvement of dyslipidemia. Methods : A total of 149 patients with dyslipidemia hospitalized in a Grade A hospital in Haikou City from August 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the case group, and 236 patients with normal blood lipids were selected as the control group. The basic information of the research objects was collected by questionnaire. Serum GABA level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured by the kit. GABA and oxidative stress markers (SOD, GSH-Px, MDA) were divided into four groups according to the quartile levels of the control group from low to high (Q1 group to Q4 group). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of dyslipidemia. Spearman correlation coefficient, generalized linear model and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the correlation between GABA and oxidative stress markers, and the dose-response relationship between GABA and oxidative stress markers and dyslipidemia. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, Logistic regression showed that compared with the SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level in group Q1, the risk of dyslipidemia in the Q4 group was 0R=0.537[95%(,7(0.294--0.980) ], 0R=0.400[95%(,7(0.213--0.750)] and OR=2.375 [95%(7(1.254--4.495) ], respectively. GABA levels were positively correlated with SOD and GSH-Px activities, and negatively correlated with MDA levels (all P<0.001). The generalized linear model and restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of dyslipidemia decreased with the increase of SOD and GSH-Px activities, and increased with the increase of MDA levels, which was a linear dose-response relationship (all P<0.05). Conclusion: GABA level was correlated with SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level. There was a linear dose-response relationship between SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and MDA level and the risk of dyslipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of night shift work on metabolic syndrome (MS) in railway workers. Methods In total 7 635 railway workers who took part in the physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from September to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. Logistic regression was used for correlation analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analyze the dose-response relationship. Results The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in railway workers was 15.1%. After adjusting the confounding factors, former night shift (OR=1.198, 95%CI: 1.002-1.431) and current night shift (OR=1.219, 95%CI: 1.048-1.417), night shift duration of 6.0 ≤ < 11.0 years (OR=1.323, 95%CI: 1.092-1.603) and ≤ 11.0 years (OR=1.256, 95%CI: 1.029-1.534), night shift twice a week (OA=1.269, 95%CI: 1.074-1.498), 3 times (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.001-1.479), and ! 4 times (OR=1.295, 95%CI:1.032- 1.623) were significantly associated with the prevalence of MS in railway workers. The results of RCS showed that there was a linear positive correlation between the working years of night shift and the risk of MS (Ptotal<0.001, Pnon-linear=0.0760). The risk of MS began to increase after 1 year of night shift and reached the highest after 14.1 years. Conclusion Night shift work will 4ead to an increase in the risk of MS among rai4way workers, and the higher the number of years of night shift work, the higher the risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of sleep disorders and the relationship between working hours per week and sleep disorders among employees in oil field enterprises in Gansu Province. Methods The employees of oil field enterprises in Gansu Province were investigated from January to June 2022. The basic information and sleep quality data of 2 178 subjects were collected by self-made questionnaire combined with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale. The normal sleep group and sleep disorder group were matched according to 1:1 by propensity score matching (PSM). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the influencing factors of sleep disorder. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between working hours per week and sleep disorder. Results The detection rate of sleep disorders among oil field workers in Gansu Province was 45.68%. In total 957 pairs of propensity scores were matched successfully, and the baseline data of the two groups were basically balanced after matching. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR=1.507, 95%CI: 1.124-2.022), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.743, 95%CI: 1.020-2.980), length of service of 10 to 19 years (OR=1.325, 95%CI: 1.021-1.719), length of service of 20 to 29 years (OR=1.437, 95%CI: 1.071-1.927), length of service ≥ 30 years (OR=1.581, 95%CI: 1.095-2.282), weekly working hours of 49 to 55 hours (OR=1.381, 95%CI:1.026-1.859), working hours ≥ 56 hours per week (OR=1.999, 95%CI: 1.551-2.575), and work injury (OR=1.479, 95%CI: 1.114-1.962) were the risk factors of sleep disorder, while physical exercise (OR=0.694, 95%CI: 0.573-0.839) was the protective factor. The results of restricted cubic spline model showed that there was a non-linear dose-response relationship between the working hours per week and sleep disorders. When the working hour per week exceeded 40 hours, the risk of sleep disorders increased. Conclusion The sleep problem of oil field workers should be paid attention to. Enterprises should urge workers to develop healthy living habits, improve working environment, arrange working hours reasonably, and improve sleep quality, to reduce the risk of sleep disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare is the property of Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BackgroundCadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous and toxic heavy metal that can accumulate in human body. Previous studies have shown that Cd exposure can induce neurotoxicity, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the metabolic impacts of multiple doses of Cd on mouse neural stem cells (NSCs), and to explore the potential mechanism and biomarkers of its neurotoxicity.MethodsThe NSCs were obtained from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of 1-day-old neonatal C57BL/6 mice. The passage 3 (P3) NSCs were exposed to CdCl2 at designed doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 μmol·L−1). The cells were treated with seven replicates, of which one plate was for cell counting. After 24 h of exposure, the intracellular and extracellular metabolites were extracted respectively and then detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to visualize the alterations of metabolomic profiles and to identify the differential metabolites (DMs) based on their variable importance for the projection (VIP) value >1 and P

BackgroundPerfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthetic organic fluorides, which have adverse health effects on brain function, and limited research has been conducted on their effects on depression. ObjectiveTo assess potential correlation between serum PFAS and depression. MethodsUsing the 2015—2016 and 2017—2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets, 2626 subjects with complete relevant information in people ≥20 years old were selected. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between serum PFAS concentration and depression. Subgroup analysis was performed on sex, age, race, education level, marital status, family income to poverty ratio, moderate exercise, body mass index, and drinking status. ResultsAmong the 2626 subjects, there were 666 patients (25.4%) with mild or above depression. After adjusting for race, education level, marital status, body mass index, moderate exercise, drinking history, cotinine, and other types of PFAS, serum perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was positively associated with the risk of depression (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.14, 3.02), and showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship (χ2=6.37, Pnonlinear=0.012). Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) was inversely associated with the risk of depression (OR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.39), and showed a linear dose-response relationship (Ptrend

BackgroundSteel workers are exposed to occupational hazardous factors such as dust, noise, and heat, and often work in shifts, making them prone to sleep disorders. ObjectiveTo explore potential influencing factors of sleep disorders among workers in a steel enterprise in Gansu Province, and provide a basis for reducing the risk of sleep disorders among them. MethodsFrom January to March 2022, a self-made questionnaire combined with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to investigate the employees of a steel enterprise in Gansu Province. According to their PSQI scores, they were divided into a normal sleep group and a sleep disorder group. The general demographic variables of the two groups were balanced by 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM). Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the contributing factors of sleep disorders. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to analyze potential dose-response relationship between weekly working hours and sleep disorders. ResultsThe prevalence of sleep disorders in the steel workers was 48.06% (6029/12544). After PSM, 5847 pairs were successfully matched, and the distributions of matched variables were well balanced between the two groups. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that hypertension (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.24, 1.56), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.66), three-shift system (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.41), dust exposure (OR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.29), noise exposure (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.39), heat exposure (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.29), and work injury (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.46) increased the risk of sleep disorders. Compared with workers with < 10 years of service, those with 10-20 years (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.44), 20-30 years (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.52), and ≥30 years of service (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.53) had a higher risk of sleep disorders. Compared with non-exercise workers, the risk of developing sleep disorders was lower in workers with occasional exercise (OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.56, 0.66) and regular exercise (OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.49, 0.62). The RCS model showed that the weekly working hours and sleep disorders in the steel workers showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship (P

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Chongqing,and to explore its association with unhealthy eating behaviors.Methods:Using stratified multistage cluster sampling,9167 middle school students were selected from 8 secondary schools in 4 districts and counties of Chongqing.The Depression Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies (CES-D) was used to assess depressive symptoms (CES-D score of ≥20 points was judged to have depressive symptoms),and the dietary behavior questionnaire was used to assessment of unhealthy eating behaviors.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the middle school students in Chongqing was 31.81% (2916/9167) .Participants with the highest unhealthy eating behaviors had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR=8.55,95% Cl:2.60-28.09),and the restrictive cubic spline model showed a positive linear relationship between the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the number of unhealthy eating behaviors (nonlinear test P＞0.05) .Conclusions:The prevalence of depressive symptoms among secondary school students in Chongqing is at a high level,and it is related to a high level of unhealthy eating behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe association between serum nickel (Ni) and oral cancer incidence is unclear and most of the previous studies were observational studies that did not control for confounding factors between groups.ObjectiveTo assess the correlation of serum Ni with oral cancer incidence based on propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).MethodsA cohort of 456 newly diagnosed oral cancer patients was recruited from the First Hospital of Fujian Medical University during November 2011 to May 2019, and residents ordered their health check-up in hospitals or local community health centers over the same period were selected as a control group, which included a total of 1410 participants. Serum Ni was evaluated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Case-control pairs were selected using a 1:1 PSM (caliper value of 0.02), and the study subjects in the case group and control group were weighted for subsequent analysis by IPTW. The general characteristics of the study subjects were tested for equilibrium before and after matching by chi-square test and standardized mean difference (SMD). This was followed by exploring the potential nonlinear dose-response relationship between serum Ni and oral cancer using restricted cubic splines as well as analyzing the association between serum Ni and oral cancer incidence by conditional logistic regression and weighted logistic regression.ResultsAfter controlling for between-group covariates by PSM and IPTW, the dose-response curves demonstrated that the risk of developing oral cancer tended to decline and then increase with the increasing serum Ni level. The outcome of the analysis using PSM demonstrated that as compared to the control group, the risk of developing oral cancer in the 0.09-16.80 μg·L−1 serum Ni group was negatively correlated with serum Ni level (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.24-0.54), whereas the risk of developing oral cancer in the >16.80 μg·L−1 serum Ni group was positively correlated with serum Ni level (OR=5.43, 95%CI: 2.76-10.68). After applying IPTW, a negative association was found between the risk of oral cancer and serum Ni concentration within a serum Ni window ranging from 0.09 to 20.55 μg·L−1 (OR=0.39, 95%CI: 0.29-0.52), while a positive association with an OR and 95%CI of 5.54 (3.62-8.49) for the Ni concentration > 20.55 μg·L−1.ConclusionIn this study, a J-shaped relationship between serum Ni concentration and the risk of developing oral cancer is found, which shows that high serum Ni concentration (>20.55 μg·L−1) may be a risk factor for oral cancer.

BackgroundMagnesium plays an important physiological role in human, but the association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension is unclear. Few studies have reported the dose-response relationship in Chinese population. ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension in Chinese adults aged 18-64 years, and to explore the dose-response relationship. MethodsA total of 13082 adults aged 18-64 years who participated in at least two rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 2000 to 2018 were selected. Dietary data were obtained by consecutive 3-day 24-hour dietary recall and weighting & bookkeeping method. Blood pressure was measured with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was diagnosed when systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or self-reported hypertension history or using antihypertensive drugs. The mean of dietary magnesium intake in all survey years (excluding the last survey) was used as the dietary magnesium intake of the subject, and the mean of dietary magnesium intake was divided into 5 equal groups. Cox proportional risk model with adjustments for socio-demographic factors, body mass index (BMI), smoking and drinking, sleep time, physical activity, and dietary factors, was used to analyze the association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by excluding baseline diabetes patients and adjusting for baseline blood pressure. In addition, a restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between them. ResultsIn this study, male participants accounted for 47.70%, and those aged 18-44 years accounted for 72.47%. The mean follow-up time was 12.56 years and the prevalence of hypertension was 13.86%. Dietary magnesium intake was inversely associated with the risk of hypertension at the 4th quintile (median 333.56 mg·d−1) and the 5th quintile (median 420.07 mg·d−1) compared with the 1st quintile (median 189.06 mg·d–1), and the hazard risk (HR) values and associated 95%CIs were 0.81 (0.67-0.97) and 0.81 (0.66-0.99) respectively. After eliminating baseline diabetes and adjusting baseline blood pressure, dietary magnesium intake remained negatively associated with the risk of hypertension, which was consistent with the population-wide HR. The association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension was non-linear (χ2=11.07, P=0.01). When dietary magnesium intake was higher than 339 mg·d−1, the risk of hypertension decreased, and the HR value was the lowest in 375-418 mg·d−1 (HR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.45-0.94), and then gradually tended to 1. There was no statistically significant association at 467 mg·d−1 and above.ConclusionMagnesium intake in the range of 339-467 mg·d−1 is negatively associated with the risk of hypertension in Chinese adults, presenting a U-shaped dose-response relationship.

ObjectiveThe genotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles （ZnO NPs） in rats was determined by Pig⁃a mutation assay in vivo.MethodsCombined with 28-day oral toxicity test， male SD rats were given ZnO NPs by oral administration for 28 days， at doses of 0， 14， 70 and 350 mg‧kg-1 （maximum concentration of nanoscale dispersion state）. Rats in control groups received 350 mg‧kg-1 of normal size ZnO， 40 mg‧kg-1 N-ethyl-N⁃nitrosourea（ENU）or 0 mg·kg-1 ZnO NPs（solvent control group） Changes of body weight were recorded. At 0， 15， 28 d and 28 d of recovery observation period， 200 μL of tail venous blood was collected from each group， which was labeled by APC mouse anti-rat erythroid cells and FITC mouse anti-rat CD59. The information of 1×106 red blood cells（RBC） from each sample were collected by flow cytometry， and the mutation rate of RBCCD59- was calculated.ResultsCompared with the solvent control group， after 15 days of intragastric administration， the mutation rate of RBC CD59- in peripheral blood of in 350 mg‧kg-1 ZnO NPs group and 40 mg‧kg-1 ENU group was significantly increased while that of in 70 mg‧kg-1 ZnO NPs group was also significantly increased after 28 days of intragastric administration.with time-response and dose-response relationship. All groups except 40 mg‧kg-1 ENU group showed no significant difference in the mutation rate of RBCCD59- in peripheral blood in comparison with the solvent control group after 28-days recovery observation.Conclusion70 and 350 mg‧kg-1 ZnO NPs can increase the mutation rate of Pig⁃a gene in peripheral blood of SD rats.

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and qi-deficiency constitution in the middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods From 2 established databases (with 2 170 cases and 1 814 cases respectively), 1 021 samples age 45 and above and with complete questionnaire information were selected for analysis. The scores of the qi-deficiency constitution subscale of the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) with 60 parameters were used to assess the degree of qi-deficiency constitution, and sleep duration was collected through the question " How long do you sleep on average everyday?" in the self-designed background questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis and restricted cubic spline model were used to establish the multiple linear regression model to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and qi-deficiency constitution. Results Among the 1 021 middle-aged and elderly subjects, the average sleep duration was (7.01 ±1.01) h/d, and the average score of qi-deficiency constitution was (28. 50 ± 16. 00) . Multiple linear regression showed that there was no relationship with statistical significance between sleep duration and qi-deficiency constitution (linear test: β = -0. 950,t= - 0. 060, P = 0. 071) . After adjustment of the confounding factors, the multiple linear regression model fitted with restricted cubic spline model showed that there is a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and qi-deficiency constitution (non-linear test: P < 0. 01) . The sleep duration at the lowest score of qi-deficiency constitution was about 7 ~7. 5 h/d, and sleep duration shorter than 7h/d and longer than 7. 5 h/d was a factor that increases the scores of qi-deficiency constitution. Conclusion Sleep duration had an U-shaped association with qi-deficiency constitution. Therefore, it is recommended that middle-aged and elderly adults ensure 7 ~7.5 hours of sleep a day and develop a regular and healthy sleep style, which may help reduce their qi-deficiency level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To determine the median effective concentration (EC50) and 95% effective concentration (EC95) of ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided llioinguinal, lliohypogastric and genitocruralnerve block in aged patients with inguinal hernia. Methods Thirty-five male patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II or Ⅲ, body mass index 19-27 kg/m2, aged 65-79 yr, scheduled for elective unilateral tension-free inguinal hernia repair were included in this study. Patients received an ultrasound-guided llioinguinal, lliohypogastric, and genitocrural nerve block. After successful location 10 mL ropivacaine was injected at each puncture point. The sensory block of the areas innervated by the nerves were assessed by pin-prick test. The painless of the areas innervated by target nerves (VAS=0) at the beginning of operation was regarded as the effective block. The concentration of ropivacaine was determined by Dixon up-and-down method. The initial concentration was 0.3%. When the block was effective, the next patient was given the low first-order concentration, on the contrary, the patient was given the high first-order concentration. The ratio between the adjacent concentrations was 1∶1.1. The EC50, EC95 and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by probit analysis. Results Eighteen (51.4%) in a total of 35 patients received a successful nerve block.The EC50 of ropivacaine was 0.263% (95%CI: 0.248%-0.280%) and the EC95 was 0.348% (95%CI: 0.323%-0.371%). Conclusion The EC50 and EC95 of ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided llioinguinal, lliohypogastric and genitocrural nerve block are 0.263% and 0.348% in aged patients with inguinal hernia respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To observe the changes of skin blood flow perfusion at Waiguan (TE 5) caused by mild moxibustion with moxa stick and infrared mild moxibustion using laser speckle contrast imaging technology, and to compare the microcirculatory effect during and after both moxibustion methods and explore the dose-response relationship of moxibustion., Methods: Twenty-four healthy participants were treated with mild moxibustion with moxa stick and infrared mild moxibustion at left Waiguan (TE 5). The record started when the skin temperature reached (44±1) °C, and both moxibustion methods were provided within this temperature range. The 20-minute moxibustion process was divided into four stages (5, 10, 15, and 20 min) using interpolation method, and each participant completed eight interventions with a minimum 24-hour interval between different interventions. The skin surface temperature of the left Waiguan (TE 5) was monitored when both moxibustion interventions were given for 10 min using a TES1306 thermocouple thermometer. The skin microcirculatory blood perfusion units (MBPU) of left Waiguan (TE 5) was measured using a PSIN-01087 laser speckle blood flow imager 1 min before moxibustion, at 5, 10, 15, 20 min during moxibustion and continuously for 20 min after moxibustion in each intervention., Results: The skin surface temperature of the left Waiguan (TE 5) remained within the range of (44±1) °C during both moxibustion methods, with no statistically significant difference ( P >0.05). Compared with that before moxibustion, the MBPU of the left Waiguan (TE 5) was increased significantly at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min of both moxibustion methods ( P <0.05, P <0.01). Compared with moxibustion for 10, 15 and 20 min, the MBPU of the left Waiguan (TE 5) of moxibustion for 5 min was lower in both moxibustion methods ( P <0.01). For both moxibustion methods with the same moxibustion course, the MBPU of the left Waiguan (TE 5) 20 min after intervention was significantly higher than that at 1 min before moxibustion ( P <0.001), and there was no significant difference in MBPU between 1 min before moxibustion and 20 min after moxibustion among different groups ( P >0.05). Within the same moxibustion method, the MBPU of the left Waiguan (TE 5) 20 min after moxibustion with the intervention of 5 min was lower compared to that of 10, 15, and 20 min of moxibustion ( P <0.001), with no significant differences between 10, 15, and 20 min of moxibustion ( P >0.05)., Conclusions: When controlling the skin temperature at Waiguan (TE 5) within (44±1) °C, infrared mild moxibustion has similar effects on skin microcirculatory blood perfusion as traditional mild moxibustion with moxa sticks. From a dose-response perspective, microcirculation reached a stable state after 10 min of moxibustion, and moxibustion interventions lasting for more than 10 min shows better therapeutic effects.

Objective: To analyze the levels and distribution characteristics of blood cadmium and urinary cadmium in American adults, to analyze the relationship between blood cadmium and urinary cadmium and pulmonary function dose response, and to explore the effect of this index on the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: In March 2022, 3785 patients from 2007 to 2012 in NHANES database were selected as the subjects. Collect demography data such as gender and age, and test data such as lung function, blood cadmium concentration and Urine cadimium concentration. The relationship between blood and urine cadmium levels and lung function and pulmonary function and chronic obstructive pulmonary diease (COPD) was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test, multivariate linear regression and restricted cubic spline method. Results: The geometric mean of blood cadmium and urine cadmium in American adults was 0.37 g/L and 0.28 g/L, FEV(1) and FEV(1)/FVC among different cadmium exposure groups was statistically significant, and there was a negative linear dose-response relationship between serum Cd and urine Cd concentrations and FEV(1)/FVC levels ( P (overall)<0.001, P (non-linear)=0.152; P (overall)<0.001, P (non-linear)=0.926). Compared with the lowest quartile concentration ( Q 1), the highest quartile blood cadmium concentration ( Q 4) ( OR =1.934, P (trend)=0.000) and urinary cadmium concentration ( OR =1.683, P (trend)=0.000) may increased the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between blood cadmium, urinary cadmium levels and lung function in American adults, and cadmium may increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of folic acid on the oxidative damage that ox-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1) render to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods HUVECs were injured by ox-LDL (120 mg/L) for 24 h while they were incubated with various concentration of folic acid (0, 15, 60, 150, 225, 300, 375 nmol/L). Then HUVECs were cultured in media contains same concentration of folic acid but without ox-LDL for 72 hours. Finally, HUVECs were harvested after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The morphological changes were observed using inverted microscope and cell viability were examined by MTT. Results Various concentrations of folic acid (0,15, 50, 100, 200 and 500 nmol/L) has no obvious promotion or inhibition effect in growth of normal HUVEC (P>0.05). However, compared with the ox-FA-def group, 150, 225, 300 and 375 nmol/L of folic acid promoted proliferation of HUVECs with 96 and 120 hours of incubations (P < 0.05). Folic acid of 60, 150, 225, 300 and 375 nmol/L promoted the proliferation of HUVECs with 72 h and 96 hours of incubation (P < 0.05). Conclusion High dose folic acid can reduce the ox-LDL oxidative damage on HUVEC in a concentration dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-indused RAW264.7 cells inflammation model was used as a carrier to investigated the effects of the preparation quality markers of Yulian Tang with anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. RAW264.7 cells were treated with LPS(50 ng·mL~(-1)) or/and different concentrations(low dose 0.1 μmol·L~(-1); medium dose 1 μmol·L~(-1); high dose 10 μmol·L~(-1)) of 18 chemical components in Yulian Tang for 24 h. Then the activity of RAW264.7 cell was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) and the concentrations of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatant of RAW264.7 cell were detected by ELISA assay. As the concentrations of chemical components in Yulian Tang increased, berberine, coptisine, magnoflorine, epiberberine, columbamine and costunolide had stronger inhibitory effects on TNF-α, whereas limonin, dehydroevodiamine, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, groenlandicine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine and phellodendrine showed weakened inhibitory effects on TNF-α. The concentrations of palmatine, jatrorrhizine, dehydrocostus lactone and cryptochlorogenic acid had no significant effect on their inhibitory effect on TNF-α. Furthermore, dehydrorutaecarpine, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, costunolide, phellodendrine and cryptochlorogenic acid showed stronger inhibitory effect on IL-6 as their concentrations increased; berberine, coptisine, magnoflorine, epiberberine, limonin, columbamine, groenlandicine and dehydrocostus lactone had no changes in their inhibitory effects on IL-6 as the concentrations increased. Palmatine and jatrorrhizine had the best inhibitory effect on IL-6. Combining the previous analysis of qualitative and quantitative preparation quality markers of Yulian Tang with the above result of dose-response relationship, we finally identified 15 preparation quality markers of Yulian Tang with anti-inflammatory activity, namely berberine, coptisine, palmatine, magnoflorine, epiberberine, limonin, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, groenlandicine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide. In conclusion, our study provides a quick strategy for screening the qualitative preparation quality markers of Yulian Tang with anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, it also provides an explicit route for the determination of preparation quality markers of Yulian Tang with other activities.

Objective To compare the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine--sufentanil on intraoperative wake-up test in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery under analgesia with sufentanil. Methods Ninety ASA I patients, aged 13-18 yr, scheduled for scoliosis surgery, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 30 each) :control group (group C) and different doses of dexmedetomidine group (groups D1 and D2). Dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused at 0.2 and 0.3 µg/(kg ⋅ h)until the end of operation after a loading dose of 1.0 µg/kg over 15 min before induction of anesthesia in groups Dl~2, while the equal volume of normal saline was infused in group C. Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of sufentanil and etomidate. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with 0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium besylate and the patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled infusion sufentanil and target-controlled inhalation sevoflurane. During intraoperative wake-up test, sufentanil was maintained with target-controlled effect-site concentration 0.1 ng/ml in three groups. Results Compared with group C, the consumption of sevoflurane was significantly shorter, the incidence of cardiovascular responses and bucking and/or restlessness of patients during intraoperative wake-up test was significantly shorter in groups D1~2; the intraoperative wake-up test time was significantly shorter in group D1 than in group D2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion When the dose of dexmedetomidine 0.2 µg/(kg ⋅ h), it may effectively inhibit the reaction to noxious stimulation and keep the stable of hemodymamics during intraoperative wake-up test in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the dose-response relationship between cumulative noise exposure and high-frequency hearing loss, and further to provide a basis for the control of occupational hazards of noise. Methods: A Meta-analysis of dose-response relationships was performed on the data of eligible literatures published in China from January 2000.1 to December 2019.12. Results: The initial combined Odds Ratio ( OR ) and its 95%CI in the Meta-analysis were 1.10 (1.08-1.12) . As the Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test indicated publication bias ( t =5.97, P <0.01) , the Trim-and-Fill Method was used for OR value adjustment. The adjusted-OR was 1.09 (1.07-1.12) ; sensitivity analysis showed that the results of this Meta-analysis have high stability; subgroup analysis indicated that the ORs of the steady-state noise group and the non-steady-state noise group were 1.10 (1.08-1.12) and 1.14 (1.07-1.21) , the ORs of the old standard group and the new standard group were 1.10 (1.08-1.12) and 1.11 (1.00-1.24) , respectively. The nonlinear dose-response relationship curve demonstrated that the risk of high-frequency hearing loss increases rapidly after CNE reaches 95 dB (A) ·years. Conclusion: There is a definite dose-response relationship between CNE and high-frequency hearing loss, which can be used to predict the risk of high-frequency hearing loss in noisy workers.

Objective: To analyse the dose-response relationships between the kurtosis metric of noise and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and study the role of kurtosis in the evaluation of NIHL associated with non-Gaussian noise. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2017, a total of 1869 workers in seven manufacturing industries were selected as the study subjects. The basic data of the workers were investigated by questionnaire, personal noise waveform was collected for a long time, and pure tone hearing threshold was tested. The 8-hour continuous equivalent A sound level (L(Aeq, 8 h)) , cumulative noise exposure (CNE) and kurtosis structure indexes were calculated. The dose-response relationships between kurtosis and NIHL were analyzed by stratification analysis method, which controlled the influence of CNE, L(Aeq, 8 h), exposure duration, age and sex on hearing loss using high-frequency noise-induced permanent threshold shift (NIPTS(346)) and high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss (HFNIHL) as outcome indicators. Results: When CNE was <90 dB (A) ·year and ≥100 dB (A) ·year, NIPTS(346) in the extremely high kurtosis group was significantly greater than that in the Gaussian kurtosis, low kurtosis and medium kurtosis group ( P <0.05) . In the workers exposed to L(Aeq, 8 h)<85 dB (A) and ≥94 dB (A) , NIPTS(346) in the extremely high kurtosis group was significantly greater than that in the Gaussian kurtosis group ( P <0.05) . Among workers under the age of 50 or male workers, NIPTS(346) in the extremely high kurtosis group was significantly greater than that in the Gaussian kurtosis, low kurtosis and medium kurtosis group ( P <0.05) . Kurtosis was positively correlated with NIPTS(346) ( r =0.121, P <0.05) . When CNE was <100 dB (A) ·year, the detection rate of HFNIHL increased with the increase of kurtosis level ( P <0.01) . Logistic regression analysis showed that kurtosis was an important influencing factor for HFNIHL ( OR =1.321) . Conclusion: Kurtosis has a dose-response relationship with the detection rate of HFNIHL in noise exposed workers, and noise kurtosis is an influencing factor of NIHL.

Objective: To analyze the effects of noise exposure on the hearing at different frequencies in workers from the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: A total of 4723 noise workers in a large automobile manufacturing company in Guangzhou were chosen as the research object by using judgment sampling method between April and July, 2018, and carried out 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 6.0 kHz pure tone audiometry threshold to analyze the characteristics of the status of hearing loss at different frequencies and its relationship with the noise exposure time. Results: The detection rate of hearing loss in noise-exposed workers was 29.8% (1406/4723) . Among them, the binaural hearing loss was 21.2% (999/4723) , and single unilateral hearing loss accounted for 8.6% (407/4723) . The hearing loss detection rate of right ear was higher than that of the left ear ( P <0.05) , especially in the 6.0 kHz ( P <0.001) . The detection rate of increased speech frequency hearing threshold was 1.9% (90/4723) , and the detection rate of increased high-frequency hearing threshold was 28.9% (1366/4723) . The detection rate of increased threshold in both the left and the right ear increased with the increase of frequency ( P <0.001) , the increased hearing threshold was the highest at the frequency of 6.0 kHz. The auditory threshold of left ear in 0.5 kHz were higher than that of right ear at the same frequency ( P <0.05) . The detection rate of hearing loss increased with the increase of noise exposure time ( P <0.001) , and the increased threshold of 3.0, 4.0 and 6.0 kHz from workers increased with the increase of noise exposure time ( P <0.001) . Conclusion: There is a significant increased threshold in workers exposed to noise frequency of 6.0 kHz, right ear is more easily damaged than left ear, there is a dose-response relationship for the noise exposure time and high-frequency hearing loss.

Objective: To investigate the dose-response relationship between the cumulative dust exposures to anthracite, bituminous coal, and lignite and the cumulative prevalence rates of pneumoconiosis due to the exposures, respectively and provide a basis for scientific development of occupational health standards. Methods: Investigation on the exposure to coal dust and pneumoconiosis prevalence was conducted in 9 state-owned coal mines. The cumulative anthracite, bituminous coal, and lignite dust exposure specific cumulative prevalence rates of pneumoconiosis were calculated by life table method, respectively. The linear regression equations were used to control the unilateral interval to obtain the exposure concentration limits of the respirable coal dust, respectively. Results: A total of 21 000 coal miners in the 9 coal mines were included in the study. The detection rates of pneumoconiosis in coal miners in anthracite, bituminous coal and lignite mines were 11.27%, 21.32%, and 6.00%. The average lengths of exposure to coal dust at pneumoconiosis onset were 20.12 years, 22.88 years, and 25.21 years, respectively and the dose-response relationships between the cumulative respirable coal dust exposure and the cumulative prevalence rates were all linear regression equations, which are y =5.788 x -16.043 ( R (2)=0.949), y =5.679 x -16.837 ( R (2)=0.904), and y =6.465 x -19.573 ( R (2)=0.944), respectively. Supposing that the safety coefficient is 1.2, when the cumulative prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis after 30 years of exposure to dust is not higher than 1%, the exposure concentration limits of the three types of respirable coal dust are 1.7, 2.3, and 3.9 mg/m(3), respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study shows that the detection rate of pneumoconiosis, the average length of exposure to coal dust at pneumoconiosis onset, and the exposure concentration limits of the respirable coal dust varied with coal types. In the case of the same cumulative level of coal dust exposure, the lower the coal volatiles is (i.e. the higher the carbon content is), the higher the cumulative prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis is (anthracite>bituminous coal>lignite). It is suggested to develop national occupational health standards of coal dust exposure according to the grades of coal.

Objective: To explore the dose-response relationship between the cumulative coal dust exposure and the cumulative prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis among the coal miners, and to provide a basis for the revision of exposure concentration limits standards of the respirable coal dust and the total dust. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to study the coal miners in 11 state-owned coal mines from January to August 2013. 21000 coal miners in the 9 coal mines were adopted in the furthre study after the bias treatment.The occupational health records of coal miners from the date of coal production to the end of 2012 in each coal mine were collected. Based on the cumulative dust exposure group of the respirable coal dust and that of the total dust, both the miner's cumulative prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis were calculated by the life table method respectively. The dose-response relationship between the cumulative coal dust exposure and pneumoconiosis risk was established (subject to logistic regression model) . Assuming the cumulative prevalence rate is not higher than 1% after 30 or 25 years of exposure to coal dust and the safety factor is 1.2, the exposure concentration limits of the respirable coal dust and the total dust were calculated by the logistic regression equations with one-sided interval statistical control. Results: There were 3224 pneumoconiosis patients (15.35%) altogether. The dose-response relationship between the cumulative respirable coal dust exposure and the cumulative prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis is a logistic regression equation logistic(r)=5.649lgDr-16.573 ( R (2)=0.925) , and the legistic regression equation for the total dust, is logistic(t)=5.712lgDt-18.767 ( R (2)=0.897) . When the prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis after 30 years of exposure to coal dust is not higher than 1%, the exposure concentration limits of the respirable coal dust and that of total dust contact are 2.2 mg/m(3) and 4.8 mg/m(3), which are similar to those of national occupational health standards of China (2.5 mg/m(3) and 4 mg/m(3)) . When the prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis after 25 years of exposure to coal dust is not higher than 1%, the exposure concentration limits of the respirable coal dust is 2.7 mg/m(3). Conclusion: It is recommended to strictly implement the current national occupational health standard and abolish the relevant safety production industry standard.

Objective: To investigate the dose-response relationship between hemoglobin concentration and preterm birth, during pregnancy. Methods: With Zhuang ethnicity, a total of 12 780 pregnant women and their infants that admitted to Wuming、Pingguo、Jingxi、Debao、Longan and Tiandong hospitals, were recruited, in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, from January 2015 to December 2017. Non-conditional logistic regression method was used to analyze the effect of anemia on preterm birth during pregnancy. Dose-response relationship between hemoglobin concentration and preterm birth was explored, using the restrictive cubic spline model. Results: After excluding 2 053 pregnant women with hypertension or aged 35 years and over, results from the non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of preterm birth in the anemia group was 1.29 times ( OR =1.29, 95 %CI : 1.04-1.59, P =0.019) of the non-anemia group in the first trimester. Data from the restricted cubic sample showed that there appeared nonlinear "L" dose-response relationship between hemoglobin concentration and preterm birth in the first trimester and "U" shape in the third trimester (non-linearity test P <0.001). Conclusion: There appeared nonlinear dose-response relationship between the hemoglobin concentration and preterm birth, both in the first and third trimesters.