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A field testing study was conducted on the concourse floor structure of Xi’an High-Speed Rail Station. Using accelerometers installed on the floor and data acquisition and analysis system, vibration measurements were taken during train arrival and departure, and under crowd-induced excitations. The study was aimed to investigate structural vibration responses under different load cases, human-structure interaction and the effects of walking mode and frequency on structural vibration. The results indicate that the floor does not incur excessive vertical vibration during train arrival and departure, and passenger boarding. Under different cases of crowd excitations, the maximum equivalent sinusoidal peak acceleration can reach 609.99mm/s2 when resonance occurs. Human-structure interaction can be observed from the responses under resonance. People in different modes of walking have different perceptions of the same floor vibration. Spectrum analysis indicates that responses have large magnitudes at the walking step frequency and its multiples. The first three orders of crowd walking excitation have the greatest contribution to floor vibration responses, hence it shall be sufficient to consider only the first three orders of crowd walking excitation in comfort analysis.The peak acceleration will overestimate acceleration response and ESPA is suggested to be adopted for vertical comfort evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]