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Objective To investigate the characteristics of pulmonary function changes in older children with pertussis. Methods Clinical data and pulmonary function date of older children diagnosed with pertussis in outpatient clinics from April 2021 to December 2023 were collected. The clinical data of the case group were collected. A group of healthy older children were included as the control group. Pulmonary function parameters included peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF50), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and expiratory flow rate with 75% vigorous exhalation (FEF75). Results Seventy children (36 boys and 34 girls) with pertussis were recruited in the case group, including 54 children with pertussis only and 16 children with pertussis and asthma together. The incidence of paroxysmal cough was 40.0% (28/70) and inspiratory croup 8.5% (6/70) in the case group. Sixty healthy children (28 boys and 32 girls) were included in the control group. There were no significant differences in gender, age, height and body weight between children with pertussis alone group and the control group (P＞0.05). The pulmonary function parameters were significantly lower in the children with pertussis alone group than those in the control group, and PEF had the most obvious decline: PEF%pred [80.5 (62.6, 85.9) vs. 109.8 (103.2, 118.7)]. Compared with the pertussis alone group, pulmonary function was not decrease further in the pertussis combined with asthma group. After the improvement of clinical symptoms of children in the pertussis alone group, the level of pulmonary function (PEF and FEF50) increased significantly, but they were still lower than those of the control group. Conclusion The pulmonary function declines slightly in loder children with pertussis. The decreased PEF is most significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare and analyze the effectiveness of sequential nutritional support and parenteral nutrition support in clinical intervention of pediatric acute pancreatitis. Methods Data of 102 children with acute pancreatitis were retrospectively collected and divided into the parenteral nutrition group (n=51) and the sequential nutrition group (n=51) based on the type of parenteral nutrition support. Changes in nutritional status, immune function indicators and body rehabilitation indicators were compared before and after intervention between two groups. The humoral immune indexes (IgA, IgG and IgM) were detected by immunonephelometry. The body recovery indexes (abdominal distension relief time, oral feeding recovery time, body temperature recovery time, blood and urine amylase recovery time and hospital stay) were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention, levels of serum albumin, total protein and prealbumin were higher in the study group than those in the control group, while levels of blood amylase and urine amylase were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After intervention, the CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ indicators were higher in the study group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After intervention, IgA, IgG and IgM indicators were higher in the study group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The relief time of abdominal distension, recovery time of oral feeding, recovery time of body temperature, recovery time of blood and urine amylase and hospitalization time were all shorter in the study group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Sequential nutritional support can effectively improve the nutritional status of children with acute pancreatitis, enhance immune function and promote physical recovery compared to parenteral nutrition support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate clinical features and risk factors of childhood diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated with urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods The data of 160 children with DM in our hospital in the past 2 years were collected as the research object, and they were divided into the UTI group and the non-UTI group UTI, with 80 cases in each group. The clinical data of children with DM and UTI were collected and analyzed, including DM type, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), living environment, duration of disease, length of hospital stay, indwelling catheter, ketoacidosis, antibiotic and insulin use, the types of bacteria isolated from urine samples and various laboratory indicators on admission. Results Pathogen bacteria mainly included Escherichia coli (n=37, 46.2%), Enterococci (n=21, 26.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n= 9, 11.2%) in the UTI group. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in obesity, duration of disease, length of hospital stay, indwelling catheter, ketoacidosis, antibiotic use, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), albumin (ALB) and serum creatinine (Cr) between the two groups (P＜0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that risk factors for DM complicating UTI included prolonged hospitalization (OR=2.087, 95%CI: 1.562-2.789), indwelling urinary catheter (OR= 15.886, 95%CI: 2.336-108.007), ketoacidosis (OR=9.300, 95%CI: 1.169-73.992), duration of disease ≥36 months (OR= 20.548, 95%CI: 2.425-174.119), increased HbA1c (OR=16.686, 95%CI: 3.666-75.955) and serum Cr (OR=1.010, 95%CI: 1.002-1.019), while the increased serum ALB (OR=0.799, 95%CI: 0.702-0.910) was its protective factor. Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria in the UTI group are mainly Escherichia coli. Children with DM and UTI are closely related to the length of hospitalization, indwelling catheter, ketoacidosis, duration of disease, HbA1c, serum Cr and ALB levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary causes of low vision in children include genetic factors, congenital anomalies, and perinatal issues. The visual rehabilitation for these children is a complex and crucial process that involves comprehensive assessments and interventions, particularly focusing on functional vision evaluation and rehabilitation. The rehabilitation of children with low vision encompasses not only vision training but also the use of appropriate optical and non-optical aids, improvement of functional vision, and enhancement of the environment and related service facilities. Preventing, early screening, and evaluating low vision in children are also of paramount importance. This includes perinatal screenings, systematic eye health services, and comprehensive visual function assessments. Currently, the visual rehabilitation of children with low vision faces several challenges, including difficulties in early diagnosis and intervention, challenges within the educational system, a lack of specialized rehabilitation institutions and professionals, and a limited variety and quality of assistive products. In the future, it is necessary to further improve the rehabilitation service network and institution development, strengthen the training of professionals, and increase policy investment to enhance the effectiveness of visual rehabilitation and the quality of life for children with low vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation between baseline data, early treatment response and prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods Ninety-two children with ALL were divided into the endpoint event group (19 cases) and the event-free survival group (73 cases) according to whether there was an endpoint event (recurrence or death). The age and gender at initial diagnosis were recorded. Initial white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), immunophenotype, chromosome karyotype, fusion gene, prednisone test, bone marrow remission status on the 15th day of induction chemotherapy and minimal residual disease (MRD) on the 15th, 33rd and 55th day of induction chemotherapy were detected. The correlation between the above baseline data and early treatment response and the occurrence of endpoint event in children with ALL was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors of endpoint events in children with ALL. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of baseline data and early treatment response to endpoint events in children with ALL. Results The proportion of WBC ≥100×109 /L at first diagnosis, prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33rd day of induction chemotherapy were higher in the endpoint event group than those in the event-free survival group (P < 0.05), and there were no significance differences in remaining indicators (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33rd day of induction chemotherapy were risk factors for endpoint event in children with ALL (P < 0.05), and the combined value of the two indicators was better than that of a single indicator in predicting endpoint events in children with ALL. Conclusion Prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33rd day of induction chemotherapy are associated with recurrence and death in children with ALL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis methods for common tumors in the posterior fossa of children, and to propose a flow chart for the diagnosis of common tumors in the posterior fossa of children based on the limited diffusion of DWI according to the idea localization diagnosis followed by qualitative diagnosis. Methods A total of 118 pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumors who underwent surgical resection in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2021 to January 2024 were enrolled, and all of them underwent head CT and MRI examinations, and preoperative localization diagnosis and qualitative diagnosis were carried out accordingly. Then, based on whether DWI was diffusion limited, a flow chart for the diagnosis of common tumors in the posterior fossa of children was proposed. Results A total of 118 children with posterior fossa tumors were localization and qualitatively diagnosed, including 41 cases of fourth ventricular tumors, including medulloblastoma (27 cases), pilocytic astrocytoma (7 cases), ependymoma (5 cases), choroid plexus papilloma (one case), and rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT, one case). There were 38 cases of brainstem tumors, including 24 cases of diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27 - altered, 5 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 3 cases of cavernous hemangioma, 2 cases of pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma (prone to diffuse midline glioma, H3 wild type), 2 cases of ganglio glioma, one case of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), and one case of pediatric - type diffuse low - grade glioma. There were 9 cases of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors, including 3 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 2 cases of cholesteatoma, one case of medulloblastoma, one case of diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered, one case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma, and one case of Ewing sarcoma. There were 30 cases of cerebellar tumors, including 15 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma, 7 cases of medulloblastoma, 2 cases of cavernous hemangioma, one case of ependymoma, one case of pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma, one case of pediatric-type diffuse high- grade glioma (prone to diffuse midline glioma, H3 wild type), one case of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT), one case of hamartoma, and one case of extrarenal rhabdomyomatoid tumor cerebellar metastases. Localization diagnosis, the accuracy of preoperative CT was 93.22% (110/118), while the accuracy of preoperative MRI was 100% (118/118). Qualitative diagnosis, 74 cases (62.71%) had accurate qualitative diagnosis, 23 cases (19.49%) had general diagnosis, and 21 cases (17.80%) had wrong diagnosis. The imaging differential diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors in children focuses on medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, and diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered. The incidence of limited diffusion of DWI in medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma and ependymoma outside the brainstem was 100% (35/35), 4% (1/25) and 5/6, and the difference among the three tumors was statistically significant (Z = - 5.601, P = 0.000). The incidence of limited diffusion of DWI in diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27- altered and pilocytic astrocytoma in the brainstem was 79.17% (19/24) and 1/5, and the difference between the two tumors was also statistically significant (Fisher's exact possibility: P = 0.038). Conclusions The early diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors in children is difficult, and DWI is an important basis for differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pituitary adenoma is a benign intracranial tumor, commonly found in adults and occasionally in children. Pituitary adenoma is classified into secretory and non-secretory adenoma based on whether there is abnormal hormone secretion. The main manifestations include endocrine system abnormalities, visual disturbance and symptoms of intracranial hypertension. Although the incidence rate of pituitary adenoma in children is low, its physiological and psychological impact on children is obvious, diagnostic and therapeutic process is unique, and it has some characteristics, more complicated differential diagnosis than adults, such as more endocrine symptoms, poor paranasal sinus gasification, the impact of transnasal surgery on developing children, drug therapy and radiotherapy for children and individualization, postoperative endocrine regulation and subsequent development problems, etc.. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss pituitary adenoma in children independently from adults. This article reviews the clinical research progress of pediatric pituitary adenoma in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is a prevalent postoperative complication in children following posterior fossa tumor surgery, with a significantly variable incidence rate across different pathological types of tumors, being highest in medulloblastoma (24%-30%). The pathogenesis of CMS remains to be elucidated, but it is believed to be associated with damage to the cerebellocerebral circuits, harm to the fastigial nuclei of cerebellum and periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain, and alterations in brain networks. Predictive models constructed based on the risk factors of CMS have not yet demonstrated the anticipated stability and have not been widely adopted in clinical settings. Pharmacological treatments are primarily based on clinical experience, yet their efficacy requires further validation, hence there is currently a lack of a clearly effective treatment method; non-pharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, have shown some effect on improving the long - term quality of life. This review summarizes the pathogenesis and therapeutic advances of CMS, and future research should be dedicated to exploring the pathophysiological mechanisms of CMS, constructing more accurate predictive models, devising personalized treatment plans, and enhancing the long-term prognosis for children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric - type low - grade glioma (pLGG) is the most common central nervous system tumor in children, and most pLGG exhibits non -invasive clinical behavior with a good prognosis. Total surgical resection is an important prognostic factor, and patients can achieve long-term survival after total tumor resection. However, tumors in deep location such as brain stem and optic pathway cannot be completely removed by surgery. Chemotherapy is the first choice of adjuvant treatment when the clinical symptoms of pLGG worsen or imaging progress. In recent years, in addition to traditional chemotherapy, the development and application of targeted therapy drugs have also made great progress. This article reviews the research progress and challenges of chemotherapy and targeted therapy of pLGG, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric gliomas are highly heterogeneous and have unique molecular characteristics. They are not smaller versions of adult gliomas. This review emphasizes the basic points of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for pediatric gliomas, introduces the similarities and differences with targeted therapy for adult gliomas, describes the important driver gene abnormalities involved in pediatric gliomas and the corresponding targeted therapy strategies, and focuses on the epigenetic treatment strategies for pediatric diffuse high-grade gliomas caused by histone H3 mutations, and looks forward to the future work of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background With the improvement of economic level and changes in lifestyle of residents, the obesity among children and adolescents has become increasingly severe, threatening the healthy growth of children and adolescents. BMI was used as an evaluation index of obesity in most previous studies, which may underestimate the prevalence of central obesity. Therefore, it is urgent to evaluate the waist circumference (WC) and trend of the prevalence of central obesity among children and adolescents in Putuo District, in order to provide scientific basis for targeted proposed intervention. Objective To analyze WC and the trend in the prevalence of central obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in Putuo District, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2023. Methods Data on medical examinations of primary and secondary school students in Putuo District in 2018 and 2020 to 2023 were used to analyze the WC, the prevalence of central obesity and the trends. The 90th percentile (P90) age-specific children and adolescents of different genders was used as the cut-off point of high WC, and WC exceeding the P90 value was defined as central obesity. SPSS 22.0 and SAS 13.1 were used for statistical analysis and Excel 2021 was used for graphic plotting. Results A total of 280 648 primary and secondary school students participated in the medical examination in Putuo District, Shanghai, from 2018 to 2023, of which 146 334 (52.1%) were male students and 134 314 (47.9%) were female students, with an median age of 10.5 (8.7, 12.6) years. WC of male and female students from 2018 to 2023 showed fluctuating downward trends with a statistically significant difference (Hmale=209.785, Hfemale=373.076; P

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome （INS） is the most common and challenging glomerular disease in childhood and most children respond favorably to glucocorticoid therapy. However， up to half of INS patients present with steroid-dependent or frequently-relapsing nephrotic syndrome so that selecting proper treatment regimens has remained one great clinical challenge. Rituximab （RTX） for nephrotic syndrome is generally efficacious. However， clinical outcomes vary greatly at different centers. This review summarized the effectiveness and risk of different RTX protocols for children with steroid-dependent or frequently-relapsing nephrotic syndrome.

Background Henoch-Schonlein purpura is a vascular inflammatory illness that develops in childhood and in some children involves the kidneys, clinically known as Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis. Different studies have suggested different interventions, and there is a wide variation in the outcome indicators used for the intervention approaches. Objective To investigate and analyze the current status of clinical research outcome indicators for Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in China, so as to provide a reference basis for the establishment of a core set of outcome indicators in this field. Methods CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched to collect publicly available Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis studies from January 2010 to June 2021. The Chinese databases were searched using the search strategy of title or keywords combined with subject terms, and the English databases were searched using subject terms combined with free words. Two investigators independently screened the literature and extracted information according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, processed and analyzed the data on outcome indicators. Results A total of 148 randomized controlled trials of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis were included, and the outcome indicators of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis studies were mainly physical and chemical indicators, with fewer symptomatic indicators. The highest frequency of outcome indicators were clinical efficacy (121 times, 81.76%), adverse reactions (74 times, 50.00%), 24-hour urine protein (68 times, 45.95%), urinary red blood cells (43 times, 29.05%), and recurrence rate (20 times, 13.51%). The division between primary and secondary outcome indicators was clearly distinguished in only two articles. Conclusion There are several indicators for the research outcomes of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in China, primarily physical and chemical variables, with significant variation. The research focuses on efficacy measures but ignores adverse reactions. As a result, it is necessary to establish a set of outcome indicators for clinical intervention studies on Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in order to provide a reference basis for selecting outcome indicators and guiding clinical decision-making in future similar studies.

Background Studies have confirmed that executive function in overweight and obese children is closely related to obesity and may have a bidirectional association. Aerobic exercise, as an effective intervention, can effectively promote their brain development and cognitive function, especially executive function, but the quantitative relationship of the improvement effect still needs to be further explored. Objective To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of aerobic exercise on executive function-related indexes in overweight and obese children. Methods Randomized controlled trials of aerobic exercise interventions for executive function in overweight and obese children were searched in CNKI, Wanfang Data, CBM, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, and the timeframe for searching was from the establishment of each database to July 2023. The quality of the included literature was assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and Meta-analysis of outcome indicators was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software. Results Nine randomized controlled trials, including 940 overweight and obese children, were finally included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that a single session of aerobic exercise intervention was effective in improving the executive function of overweight and obese children (WMD=-6.98, 95%CI=-11.89 to -2.07, P=0.005). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in the improvement of any of the executive function subcomponents in overweight and obese children with a single intervention duration of less than 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (WMD=-0.84, 95%CI=-9.37 to 7.68, P=0.85) ; aerobic exercise with a single intervention duration longer than 30 minutes improved inhibitory function in overweight and obese children (WMD=-10.50, 95%CI=-19.15 to -1.85, P=0.02). When a long-term exercise intervention was carried out (the intervention period was 8 weeks), in contrast to the control group, the aerobic exercise improved interference control in overweight and obese children (WMD=-0.16, 95%CI=-0.18 to -0.14, P

Objective To compare the detection rates of epileptogenic foci in drug - refractory epilepsy children using video electroencephalography (VEEG), MRI and PET. Methods The 24 h and 2 h VEEG, MRI and PET/CT or PET/MRI were conducted for 70 children with drug - refractory epilepsy in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to April 2022, and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) or Developmental Screening Test for Child under six (DST) based on their age (< 5 or ≥ 5 years old) were assessed for intelligence. Results Among 70 children, 44 seizures were detected during 24 h VEEG, while 31 seizures were detected during 2 h VEEG, and there was statistically significant difference between the two methods (χ2 = 5.760, P = 0.015). The consistency of diagnosing single location/ unilateral abnormalities, bilateral abnormalities, or normal results was poor among VEEG, MRI and PET/CT or PET/MRI (κ = 0.194, P = 0.000), and the difference among the three methods was statistically significant (χ2 = 33.068, P = 0.001). The VEEG (χ2 = 25.000, P = 0.000) and PET/CT or PET/MRI (χ2 = 11.764, P = 0.002) had higher diagnostic capabilities than MRI, and PET/CT or PET/MRI had higher diagnostic capability than VEEG (χ2 = 8.048, P = 0.014). There were 41 children (58.57%) showed mental retardation, among them children with onset age ≤ 2 years had a higher rate compared to those with onset age > 2 years (χ2 = 6.193, P = 0.013), and children with abnormal VEEG background had a higher rate compared to those with normal VEEG background (χ2 = 4.868, P = 0.027). Conclusions The detection rate of epileptiform discharges and clinical seizures can be increased by lengthening VEEG time at each time and increasing the number of times of VEEG. PET/CT or PET/MRI and VEEG can provide localization information of epileptic foci of children whose MRI results are negative. The mental retardation rate of children who have onset age ≤ 2 years and of abnormal VEEG background is higher.

Objective To explore effective treatments and prognostic factors for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Methods Clinical and imaging information and survival data of 14 DIPG patients, treated with radiotherapy combined with temozolomide and nitolizumab or radiotherapy combined with ACT001, were retrospectively analysed at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2021 to January 2024. The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan - Meier survival curves, and multifactorial Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the effects of different factors on PFS and OS. Results The objective response rate (ORR) was 10/14, and the median PFS and OS were 7.83 and 8.30 months, respectively. Multfactorial Cox regression analysis identified the absence of enhancement on baseline imaging as a good prognostic variable for both PFS (RR = 0.052, 95%CI: 0.006-0.416; P = 0.005) and OS (RR = 0.046, 95%CI: 0.005-0.413; P = 0.006), while male (RR = 0.085, 95%CI: 0.009-0.764; P = 0.028), older age (RR = 0.631, 95%CI: 0.423-0.942; P = 0.024), and the absence of symptoms of cranial nerve involvement at the onset (RR = 0.116, 95%CI: 0.017- 0.781; P = 0.027) were also good prognostic variables for OS. Conclusions Female, younger age at diagnosis, cranial nerve involvement at the onset, and enhancement on baseline imaging are risk factors for the survival of children with DIPG.

Background The prevalence of allergic diseases is rapidly increasing among the global population, affecting 10%-40% of people worldwide. Allergic diseases often begin in childhood. So far, data for analyzing the trends in the incidence of pediatric allergic diseases in China over the past decade are scant. This study aims to provide an epidemiological support for the prevention and management of pediatric allergic diseases in China by mining electronic medical record data from a single-center institution. Objective To analyze the annual proportion and trend of outpatient visits for allergic diseases among children aged 0-18 years in the Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2014 to 2021. Methods A retrospective analysis of outpatient electronic medical records from the hospital information system of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2014 to 2021 was conducted to examine the annual proportional composition and changes in the trend changes of allergic diseases. The gender- and age-based proportions of different allergic diseases including eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, allergic cough, allergic conjunctivitis, food allergies, drug allergies, pollen allergy, and anaphylaxis were calculated. The trend of changes in the proportion of allergic diseases with stable annual composition ranking in the top 10 was further analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2021, there were a total of 1 231 890 outpatient visits for pediatric allergic diseases in our center. After excluding missing data, a total of 1 231 863 eligible cases were included, involving 727 082 (59.0%) boys and 504 781 (41.0%) girls. The majority of children visited for allergic diseases were under the age of 3 years (46.9%). Non-IgE mediated allergic diseases, such as henoch-schoenlein purpura, bronchitis, and respiratory tract infections were excluded, and the remaining 1 208 265 cases included in the disease spectrum analysis. From 2016 to 2021, the proportion of outpatient visits for pediatric allergic diseases in Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University showed an upward trend. From 2014 to 2017, the top 5 allergic diseases visited in the outpatient department were eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and allergic cough. From 2018 to 2021, allergic rhinitis, eczema, urticaria, allergic conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma ranked the top 5. The trend analysis for an annual proportion of pediatric allergic diseases showed that the ratios of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and food allergies among all allergic diseases from 2014 to 2021 showed an increasing trend, with peak ratios of 45.4%, 11.1% and 2.8%, respectively. The ratios of urticaria, eczema, and bronchial asthma showed a decreasing trend, with peak ratios of 46.5%, 24.9% and 11.3%, respectively. Conclusion From 2016 to 2021, the proportion of outpatient visits for pediatric allergic diseases in Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University showed an upward trend. Between 2014 and 2021, the annual proportions of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and food allergies exhibited an increasing trend, while the annual proportions of eczema, urticaria, and bronchial asthma demonstrated a decreasing trend.

Background The incidence of delay language development in early childhood is high, and the early recognition rate is low, which has a significant negative impact on the early childhood development of other dimensions. The family cognitive environment is a key factor affecting early childhood language development. Objective This study aimed to explore the influence of family cognitive environment on early childhood language development, and provide theoretical basis for promoting early childhood language development from the perspective of community intervention on family cognitive environment. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 4 307 children who were admitted to a community child healthcare department in Shanghai from 2018 to 2020. The Shanghai Pediatric Development Screening Scale Ⅱ (DenverⅡ) was used for developmental screening, which was conducted at the child's age of 1, 2, and 3 years old. A total of 172 children with delay language development were selected as the case group, and 516 children with normal language development were included in the control group, which was determined by the matching factor of age, with a ratio of the number of children in the case and control groups being 1∶3. The following information of children in both groups were collected, including children's basic birth characteristics, parental demographic characteristics, maternal pregnancy and childbirth characteristics, and family cognitive environment characteristics. The Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of delay early childhood language development. Results A total of 172 children with delayed early language development had an incidence rate of 3.99%, among them ,1-year-old, 2-year-old, and 3-year old children accounted for 33.14% (57 cases), 53.49% (92 cases), and 13.37% (23 cases), respectively. The proportions of male children, children with premature birth, and children with maternal education of high school and below were higher in the case group than those in the control group (P

Background Currently, the treatment of refractory epilepsy (RE) in children is still a difficult point in epilepsy treatment. In China, pirenzapine (PER) is still a new drug for treating RE in children, and there is currently a lack of recommendations for adding PER to the treatment of RE in children. And in Chinese reports, the sample size of RE patients treated with PER is relatively small. Therefore, the efficacy of PER for pediatric RE, especially for young children with RE, still needs to be further studied with a large sample size. Objective To explore the efficacy, possible indications, adverse reactions, and tolerability of PER addition therapy for RE in children. Methods A self-control and retrospective analysis was conducted on children with RE aged 0-18 who were treated at the Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University from January 2022 to January 2023. The frequency of seizures at different observation points before and after the addition of PER treatment was compared, and the effective rate of PER was evaluated. Adverse drug reactions and drug retention rates were recorded, and the clinical characteristics of the effective and ineffective groups of PER were analyzed. Results A total of 192 study subjects were included. After adding PER treatment, the effective rates at 12, 24, and 36 weeks were 56.3% (108/192), 62.1% (113/182), and 69.7% (122/175), respectively, and the seizure free rates were 19.3% (37/192), 21.4% (39/182), and 24.6% (43/175). The incidence of adverse reactions was 16.1% (31/192), mainly including dizziness, irritability, weakness, and drowsiness. The last follow-up drug retention rate was 91.1% (175/192). There was a statistically significant difference in the onset age, duration of anti-epileptic treatment, type of origin, seizure form, frequency of seizures before the addition of PER, number of combined anti-epileptic drugs (ASMs), and ketogenic diet/surgical treatment between patients with RE who received continuous medication for 12 weeks (P

Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TLR3 gene with susceptibility to Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children. Methods A total of 174 children with HSP were enrolled as case group, and 162 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. The children in the case group were divided into HSP group and HSPN group accor-ding to the presence or absence of renal damage during follow-up. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used for targeted capture of the rs35311343, rs121434431, rs199768900, rs768091235, and rs1244010954 loci of the TLR3 gene, high-throughput sequencing was performed for the above loci of all samples, and a statistical analysis was performed for the genotype and gene frequency of each locus. Results There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of the rs35311343, rs121434431, rs199768900, rs768091235, and rs1244010954 loci of the TLR3 gene between the case group and the control group (P>0.05). For the case group, there were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of the rs121434431, rs199768900, rs768091235, and rs1244010954 loci of the TLR3 gene between the HSP group and the HSPN group (P>0.05), while there was a significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of the rs35311343 locus between the two groups (χ2=9.492,OR=2.662,95%CI=1.342-5.281,P

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of acute attacks of bronchial asthma （BA） in children in Kashgar region， and analyze the impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 （25（OH）D3） levels on disease severity. Methods Children with acute BA attacks， aged 6-14 years， admitted to a certain thirdtier A-level Hospital of Kashgar were enrolled and divided into different groups according to disease severity （mild， moderate and severe） and 25（OH）D3 levels （normal， insufficiency and deficiency）. Clinical characteristics were compared among different groups. The correlation between 25（OH）D3 levels and disease severity was analyzed. Results A total of 112 children were enrolled， with a male-to-female ratio of 2.61∶1， with a median age of 9.0 （7.0-11.0） years old. The highest incidence was found in spring （42.9%）. The positive rate of allergens is 74.1%（83/112）， with inhaled allergens as the main type （89.1%）， and the tree combination had the highest positive rate （47.0%）.Based on disease severity， 36 cases were assigned into the mild group， 51 cases in the moderate group， and 25 cases in the severe group. As the disease severity was aggravated， the forced vital capacity （FVC）， forced expiratory volume at 1 second （FEV1）， and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC（FEV1/FVC） were gradually decreased （all P <0.001）. The eosinophil （EOS） count in the severe group was higher than that in the mild group （P < 0.05）. According to 25（OH）D3levels， 28 cases had normal 25（OH）D3 levels， 21 cases with insufficient 25（OH）D3 levels， and 35 cases with 25（OH）D3 deficiency. The FVC， FEV1， FEV1/FVC， and peak expiratory flow （PEF） in the 25（OH）D3 deficiency group were significantly lower than those in the insufficient and normal 25（OH）D3 groups （all P < 0.05）. The disease severity significantly differed among three groups （H = 9.538， P = 0.008）. Serum 25 （OH） D3 levels were negatively correlated with the severity of BA attacks （τ = -0.304， P =0.002）. Conclusions Spring is the peak season of acute attacks of BA in school-age children from Kashgar. Inhaled allergens are mainly composed of tree combination. As the severity of this condition deteriorates， lung function of the affected children are gradually declined. Serum 25 （OH） D3 levels are associated with lung function and the severity of acute attacks in children with BA.

In recent years, the effects of air pollutants on the neurodevelopmental disorders in children have received widespread attention. Early life is a critical period of rapid brain development, and exposure to air pollutants during this period may permanently alter brain function. This paper reviewed the epidemiological studies on the association between exposure to air pollutants during early life and children's neurodevelopmental disorders in recent years, with focus on outdoor air pollutants (e.g., PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and CO) and indoor air pollutants (e.g., cooking oil fumes, tobacco and mosquito incense smoke, and formaldehyde from home decoration), and summarized their possible biological mechanisms. Most studies indicate that pollutants in different periods and at different levels of exposure during early life can negatively affect children's neurodevelopment and that there may be a dose-response relationship between certain air pollutants and children's neurodevelopment. Current research on the effects of indoor air pollutants on children's neurodevelopment focus on exposure to tobacco smoke, while other indoor air pollutants such as cooking oil fumes and organic compounds produced by interior decorative materials are less well reported and their underlying biological mechanisms are not yet clear. Further epidemiological studies, animal and cellular experiments are needed to provide evidence for the neurodevelopmental toxicity of air pollutant exposure in the future, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for environmental eugenics and promote healthy development of children.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics at childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) in our hospital over the past decade, and to analyze the relationship with sex and anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibodies. Methods We included 171 children with cSLE admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2021, collecting their data on age, sex, onset symptoms, and system involvement, as well as serum complements C3 and C4, immunoglobulin, and ENA antibodies. We analyzed the clinical features at disease onset, compared the above indicators between sexes, and determined the relationship between anti-ENA antibodies and organ/system involvement. Results The misdiagnosis rate before the definitive diagnosis of the children was 43.27%. The initial symptoms were mainly rashes and fever (28.31% each). Hematological involvement occurred in 73.68% of the children. The proportion of anemia was significantly higher in females than in males (χ2=3.863,P

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in China and the world as a whole, and lipid metabolism disorder is the key factor for this disease. A comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents can contribute to the early prevention of dyslipidemia in adulthood. Objective To systematically evaluate the status quo of the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional studies on the morbidity rate of dyslipidemia among Chinese children and adolescents and published from January 2015 to July 2023 were retrieved from databases of CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Processes of literature screening, data extraction and risk bias analysis were performed by two researchers. A meta-analysis was performed by taking advantage of Stata 17.0. Results 34 cross-sectional studies were collected and a total of 134 438 children and adolescents were involved. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that the overall morbidity rate of dyslipidemia in Chinese children and adolescents was 19% (95%CI=16%-21%), and the morbidity rates of high cholesterol (TC), high triacylglycerol (TG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 6% (95%CI=5%-7%), 9% (95%CI=6%-12%), 4% (95%CI=3%-5%) and 10% (95%CI=7%-13%) respectively. Regarding time distribution, the detection rate of dyslipidemia was fluctuant and showed a decreasing trend; the detection rate of high TC and high LDL-C showed an increasing trend in general, but it fell slightly in 2023; the detection rate of high TG and low HDL-C fluctuated greatly: the detection rate of high TG gradually decreased from 2018 to 2022 and rebounded slightly in 2023. The results of subgroup analysis showed that, concerning age, the overall morbidity rate of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents and that of high TC showed an ascending tendency with the increasing of age (10% and 2% for those aged from 3 to 6, 17% and 10% for those aged from 7 to 11, and 27% and 14% for those aged from 12 to18), the morbidity rate of lowered HDL-C was higher among 12-to-18-year olds (20%) than among 7-to-11-year olds (9%), and the morbidity rate of high TC among 3-to-6-year olds (9%) was higher than that among 7-to-11-year olds and 12-to-18-year-olds (4% and 3%) (P

Background Traditionally, open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation (ORKF) is used to treat paediatric patients with significantly displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures. However, in recent years, the use of closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) to treat lateral humeral condyle fractures in children has been increasingly reported. However, there is some controversy as to which surgical technique is more effective and safe. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CRPP and ORKF in paediatric patients with lateral humeral condyle fractures. Methods Chinese databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM and English databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception to 2023-01-01 for the case-control studies of CRPP and ORKF to treat the lateral humeral condyle fractures, the quality of the literature was evaluated and data were extracted. RevMan 5.3 software was performed to conduct a meta-analysis comparing the relevant efficacy and safety indexes of the two surgical techniques. Results A total of 16 studies involving 1 165 cases were included for this meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis indicated that CRPP was superior in status of surgical time (MD=-11.81, 95%CI=-15.04 to -8.58, P0.05) . Conclusion CRPP was superior to ORKF in the treatment of pediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures, both in terms of efficacy and overall complications, but more high-quality studies are needed to further validate CRPP in terms of specific complications.

Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is one of the major causes of pancreatitis in children and has a high risk of carcinogenesis after they become adults. This article reviews the recent research advances in HP, including historical development, epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism, and related pathogenic genes, clinical features, and diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide new reference information for delaying the progression of HP in children and conducting related basic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate changes of laboratory indicators and pathological features of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) children after crescent formation, and to explore non-invasive biomarkers for predicting crescent formation. Methods A total of 278 children with HSPN who were hospitalized from January 2018 to July 2023 were selected and divided into the crescent formation group (196 cases) and the non crescent formation group (82 cases) based on their crescent formation status. Patients in the crescent formation group were sub-divided into the cellular crescent formation group (52 cases) and the cellular fibrous crescent formation group (144 cases) based on the type of crescent formation. Laboratory indicators and pathological characteristics were compared between different groups. The correlation between each indicator and the proportion of crescent formation was analyzed. The influencing factors of crescent formation were analyzed by Logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the effectiveness of laboratory indicators in predicting crescent formation was evaluated. Results Compared with the non crescent formation group, 24- hour urine protein quantification (24 hUP), urine immunoglobulin G/creatinine (UGCR), urine red blood cell count (URBC), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and triglycerides (TG) were significantly increased in the crescent formation group. There were increased proportion of diffuse mesangial hyperplasia (Mb), renal tubular atrophy or interstitial fibrosis (T1) (P＜0.05). Compared with the cellular crescent group, the proportion of glomerular segmental sclerosis or adhesion (S1) and T1 were increased, and the proportion of crescent formation was higher in the cellular fibrous crescent group. The proportion of capillary endothelial cell proliferation (E1) was decreased in the cellular crescent group (P< 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that 24 hUP, UGCR, URBC, NLR, BUN, TG, Mb and T1 were positively correlated with the proportion of crescent formation (all P＜0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated UGCR and T1 were risk factors for crescent formation. The area under the curve (AUC) predicted by UGCR for crescent formation was 0.731 (95% CI: 0.667-0.795, P＜0.05), with an optimal cutoff value of 5.00 mg/mmol, sensitivity of 0.744 and specificity of 0.610. Conclusion UGCR can be used as a non-invasive biomarker to assist in evaluating crescent formation in children with HSPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Intravenous blood collection is a common nursing operation in pediatrics, but this operation will bring fear, anxiety and other adverse psychological reactions to children, increase the difficulty of blood collection, and affect the physical and mental health. Therefore, in addition to routine operation techniques, the psychological state of children. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted extensive research on psychological interventions for venous blood collection in children. This paper reviewed the possible adverse psychological reactions during venous blood sampling in children of different ages, and summarizes the influencing factors of fear psychology. According to the characteristics of children of different ages, nursing staff take effective psychological intervention measures aimed at reducing children′s fear and improving the success rate and efficiency of puncture. These research advances provide valuable information for clinical nursing practice and nursing research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of acute attacks of bronchial asthma (BA) in children in Kashgar region, and analyze the impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25 (OH) D3) levels on disease severity. Methods Children with acute BA attacks, aged 6-14 years, admitted to a certain thirdtier A-level Hospital of Kashgar were enrolled and divided into different groups according to disease severity (mild, moderate and severe) and 25 (OH) D3 levels (normal, insufficiency and deficiency) . Clinical characteristics were compared among different groups. The correlation between 25 (OH) D3 levels and disease severity was analyzed. Results A total of 112 children were enrolled, with a male-tofemale ratio of 2.61:1, with a median age of 9.0 (7.0-11.0) years old. The highest incidence was found in spring (42.9%) . The positive rate of allergens is 74.1% (83/112), with inhaled allergens as the main type (89.1%), and the tree combination had the highest positive rate (47.0%) .Based on disease severity, 36 cases were assigned into the mild group, 51 cases in the moderate group, and 25 cases in the severe group. As the disease severity was aggravated, the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC) were gradually decreased (all P < 0.001) . The eosinophil (EOS) count in the severe group was higher than that in the mild group (P < 0.05) . According to 25 (OH) D3 levels, 28 cases had normal 25 (OH) D3 levels, 21 cases with insufficient 25 (OH) D3 levels, and 35 cases with 25 (OH) D3 deficiency. The FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the 25 (OH) D3 deficiency group were significantly lower than those in the insufficient and normal 25 (OH) D3 groups (all P < 0.05) . The disease severity significantly differed among three groups (H = 9.538, P = 0.008). Serum 25 (OH) D3 levels were negatively correlated with the severity of BA attacks (τ= -0.304, P = 0.002). Conclusions Spring is the peak season of acute attacks of BA in school-age children from Kashgar. Inhaled allergens are mainly composed of tree combination. As the severity of this condition deteriorates, lung function of the affected children are gradually declined. Serum 25 (OH) D3 levels are associated with lung function and the severity of acute attacks in children with BA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the application value of peripheral blood routine indicators in children with preliminary positive influenza A virus screening. Methods: 378 children with influenza A admitted to our hospital from March 1st 2023 to April 19th 2023 were collected as research group, another 378 healthy children were collected as control group, the peripheral blood routine indicators white blood cell(WBC), neutrophilic granulocyte(Neu), lymphocyte(Lym), monocyte(Mon), platelet count(PLT), platelet distribution width(PDW), NLR, LMR and PLR of two groups were detected, the predictive value of peripheral blood routine indicators for early screening diagnosis of influenza A in children with different ages were evaluated by ROC curve. Results: The detected number of boys was higher than girls of 378 cases, toddler stage(＞12 and ≤36 months) and preschool stage(＞36 and ≤72 months) children were more than other age stages. The WBC, Lym, PLT and LMR of research group were lower than control group, while Neu, Mon, PDW, NLR and PLR were higher (P＜0.05). The peripheral blood routine indicators in children with different ages had certain extent difference s(P＜0.05), different peripheral blood routine indicators had superior application values of children in different ages. Conclusion: Peripheral blood routine indicators show superior application values for early screening diagnosis of influenza A in children with different ages, which can provide certain help for clinical early diagnosis, early prevention and control, reducing infection rates and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the characteristics of parental emotional regulation (ER) and its influence on the ER of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: A total of 140 children with ADHD meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria and their parents, 68 normal controls and their parents were recruited. ER was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale(DERS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC). Results: Higher scores of DERS in emotion regulation strategies, impulse control and goal-directed behavior were found in parents of children with ADHD compared with parents of normal controls (Ps <0.05). The higher emotional lability (EL) of ERC and lower ER of ERC detected in children with ADHD were correlated with the emotion regulation strategies, impulse control and goal-directed behavior of their parents (Ps <0.01). The mediation analyses suggested that ER in children with ADHD may mediate the relationship of parental emotion regulation strategies and parental impulse control with children's EL. Conclusion: Parents of children with ADHD may exhibit emotional dysregulation in multiple subdimensions which might affect emotional regulation and aggravate the emotional lability of the children with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)