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The uncured carbon nanotube/epoxy composite was treated with an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet. The discharge characteristics of argon plasma jet were characterized by measuring voltage and current waveforms, luminescent images, and optical emission spectra. The effects of applied voltage, treatment time, and inter-electrode distance on volume resistivity of the composite were studied. The results showed that the argon plasma jet is a typical diffuse streamer discharge. The optical emission intensities of main active particles are increased with the increasing of applied voltage. The composite was most effectively treated by atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet under the following conditions: inter-electrode distance 14.5 mm, treatment time 18 s, and applied voltage 10.4 kV. As compared with the untreated composite, the treated composite had lower volume resistivity and better electrical conductivity due to the improved dispersion of carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin after argon plasma jet treatment. The aging test result showed that the electrical resistivity of the composite is very stable and unchanged within 30 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]