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Objective To construct a radiomic model based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) for preoperative prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differentiation and validate its clinical value. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 187 HCC patients who received surgical treatment in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2018 to January 2024 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. According to the postoperative pathological results, they were divided into low-differentiation group (n=58) and non-low-differentiation group (n=129), and randomly divided into the training group (n=149) and the validation group (n=38) with the ratio of 8 ∶2. Univariate analysis was used to assess the clinical indicators related to HCC differentiation, and then a clinical model was constructed. Pyramidimics software was used to extract the radiomic features of IVIM-DWI functional images, and minimum absolute contraction and selection operator logistic regression algorithm were employed to screen those highly correlated indicators with HCC differentiation. Support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) algorithms were utilized to construct different image omics models. SVM algorithm was applied to construct the combined imaging omics and clinical model. The internal verification of the model was carried out by using ten-fold cross-validation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical benefits of clinical model, radiomic model, and their combination. Results A total of 4 060 radiological features were extracted, and after feature screening and dimensionality reduction, 24 features were finally included to construct the model. Among all models, the predictive performance of the radiomic model and the radiomic-clinical combined model was better than that of the clinical model. In the comparison between the radiomic model constructed by SVM algorithm and the radiomics-clinical combined model, the AUC value was 0.954 (0.908~1.000) for the former model, and was 0.943 (0.905~0.982) for the latter model in the training set, and there was no significant difference between them. In the validation set, the AUC value was 0.807 (0.640~0.975) and 0.876 (0.743~1.000), respectively, with statistical difference between the 2 models (P < 0.05). Calibration curve analysis showed that the radiomic model and the radiomics-clinical combined model had good goodness of fit. DCA indicated that the net benefit was higher and the threshold probability range was larger in both the radiomic model and the radiomics-clinical combined model, and the net benefit of the combined model was larger. Conclusion Both the radiomic model and the combined radiomics-clinical model constructed on the basis of IVIM-DWI functional images can better predict the severity of HCC differentiation before surgery.

To address the limitations of current deep learning-based methods in extracting contract bytecode features and representing vulnerability semantics, as well as the shortcomings of the traditional graph neural networks in learning temporal information from contract statements, a method for detecting vulnerabilities in contracts was proposed based on pre-trained and temporal graph neural network. Firstly, the pre-trained model was used to transform smart contract bytecode into a vulnerability semantics-aware contract graph structure. Then, combined with a self-attention mechanism, the event-driven temporal graph neural network was designed to extract temporal information during contract execution. Finally, focusing on reentrant vulnerabilities, timestamp dependency vulnerabilities, and Tx.origin authentication vulnerabilities, extensive experiments were conducted on a dataset of 120 932 actual contracts. The results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches.

ObjectiveTo provide technical support for the molecular surveillance of pathogenic bacteria strains carrying mobile colistin resistance-1 （mcr⁃1） gene isolate from inlet of wastewater treatment plants （WWTP）.MethodsThe Enterobacteriaceae strains carrying mcr⁃1 resistance gene isolate from inlet of WWTP during April 1 to June 30， 2023 in Shanghai were cultured on blood-rich and SS culture medium and were identified using a mass spectrometry analyzer. The mcr⁃1 gene and copy number were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Drug susceptibility test was performed by microbroth dilution method. The copy numbers of Escherichia coli carrying mcr⁃1 gene isolated from wastewater and human fecel were statistically analyzed by SPSS 25.0.ResultsA total of 14 strains carrying the mcr⁃1 gene were isolated from 49 WWTP samples， and the positive isolation rate was 28.6%， including 12 non-diarrheal E. coli strains and 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. The drug susceptibility results showed that all 14 strains were multi-drug resistant bacteria. They were all sensitive to imipenem and tigecycline， but were ampicillin- and cefazolin-resistant. There was no significant difference in the copy number between human-sourced diarrheal E. coli and wastewater-sourced non-diarrheal E. coli （t=0.647， P>0.05）.ConclusionThe isolation and identification of strains carrying the mcr⁃1 gene from inlet of WWTP samples were firstly established in Shanghai. The multi-drug resistance among the isolated strains is severe. To effectively prevent and control the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria， more attention should be paid to the surveillance of mcr⁃1 gene.

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders exhibit abnormalities in perceptual processing. Previous perceptual studies are mainly based on asking participants to fill in a questionnaire， and little research has been undertaken on objective behavior in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders.ObjectiveTo explore the behavioral changes in vibrotactile sense among patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders， so as to enrich relevant findings in objective behavioral research.MethodsFrom March 2021 to September 2023， 33 patients with schizophrenia and 31 patients with depressive disorders in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. And another 34 healthy controls were concurrently recruited at Beihang University and Beijing Huilongguan Hospital. Patients with schizophrenia were assessed using Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS）， and patients with depressive disorders were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）. The vibrotactile sensitivity of the left hand in all participants was tested in a delay match-to-sample procedure， and the correct rate of vibrotactile delayed discrimination task was compared among the three groups.ResultsCompared with healthy controls， a reduction was found in the correct rates at index finger， middle finger and ring finger in patients with schizophrenia （P0.05）. The average correct rate of vibrotactile sense in schizophrenia group was not significantly correlated with the duration of disease， age of onset， chlorpromazine equivalent doses and PANSS score （r=0.058、0.045、0.114、-0.194， P>0.05）. The average correct rate in depressive group was negatively correlated with age of onset （r=-0.415， P=0.020）， but not significantly correlated with the duration of disease and HAMD-17 score （r=-0.044， 0.142， P>0.05）.ConclusionPatients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders have impaired vibrotactile sense. The vibrotactile sense is impaired in index， middle and ring fingers among patients with schizophrenia， and in thumbs of patients with depressive disorders. Moreover， the impairment in patients with depressive disorders may be related to the age of onset. ［Funded by 2023 Hebei Provincial Graduate Innovation Funding Project （number， CXZZSS2023140）］

BackgroundThe development of executive function in adolescents is influenced by many environmental factors. Previous studies have found that perceived stress is closely related to executive function， whereas its role in the mediation of executive function remains poorly studied.ObjectiveTo explore the role of negative affect and self-hate in mediating the relationship between perceived stress and executive function in adolescents， so as to assist the improvement of executive function in adolescents.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to 7 734 adolescents from five junior and five senior high schools in Rizhao city， Shandong province from 1 to 30 May 2022. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire， and adolescents were assessed using Perceived Stress Scale （PSS）， Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Self Report Version （BRIEF-SR）， Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-4） and Self-Hate Scale （SHS）. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between variables. A Bootstrap method was chosen to examine the mediation effect of self-hate and negative affect on the relationship between perceived stress and executive function in adolescents.ResultsA total of 7 012 （90.66%） valid questionnaires were retrieved. BRIEF-SR score was positively correlated with PSS， PHQ-4 and SHS scores （r=0.564， 0.653， 0.597， P

[Objective] Due to continuous changes in the operating conditions of metro lines, abnormal vibrations between wheel and rail s occasionally occur, leading to fractures in the suspension components at the bogie axle-end and affecting the safety of train operation. Therefore, it is essential to conduct research on the fracture mechanisms of the axle-end suspension components. [Method] Taking the grounding terminals of bogie axle-end grounding cables of a metro train as an example, through line testing and data analysis, the reasons for grounding terminal fractures are analyzed, resolution measures involving mis-frequency design is proposed, and the feasibility is verified through on-site testing. [Result & Conclusion] The proposed resolution measures can reduce the stress at the grounding terminals from 90 MPa to approximately 30 MPa, significantly improving the stress state of the grounding terminals and enhancing their fatigue life.

At present, intelligent coal caving in high gas fully mechanized top coal caving face is facing many problems, mainly including poor recognition accuracy of coal gangue, incomplete control research on coal flow and gas concentration, cumbersome design and development of follow-up process, and slow response of control system.In order to solve these problems, this paper developed a cloud side collaborative intelligent coal caving control system based on 5G communication.The system includes 5G network, cloud server, edge processor, terminal execution equipment, etc.It has a high data transmission speed, control response speed and data processing capability.Based on the analysis of fully mechanized coal caving process parameters and intelligent coal caving process flow, elaborates the four key technologies of intelligent coal caving the coal gangue identification technology, big block coal identification and coal flow load balance technology, gas safety linkage control technology, and digital twin technology of coal caving following machine.The application test was carried out in Baode 81309 fully mechanized top coal caving face.After the intelligent fully mechanized top coal caving technology was adopted, the top coal recovery rate increased from 86% to 93%, the coal gangue rate decreased from 21% to 15%, the total production efficiency increased by 10%, and the number of coal caving operators decreased from 3 to 4 to 1 to 2.The cloud edge collaborative intelligent coal caving control system based on 5G communication developed in this paper and its key technologies can also be extended to other fully mechanized coal caving faces, which is of great value for reducing personnel and increasing efficiency and safe and efficient mining of coal mines.

ObjectiveTo understand the presence of virulence genes， molecular typing characteristics， and antibiotic sensitivity of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli （EAEC） in children with diarrhea in Shanghai， so as to provide a scientific basis for EAEC monitoring and standardized treatment of EAEC infection.MethodsEAEC strains isolated from children （≤5 years old） with diarrhea in six districts of Shanghai were collected as the study subjects. EAEC virulence genes were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR， molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE）， and drug susceptibility tests were conducted using the microbroth dilution method. χ2 test and two independent samples t-test were used to compare the differences in virulence genes and antibiotic resistance between suburban and urban EAEC strains.ResultsFrom 2019 to 2021， the overall detection rates of gene aggR， pic and astA of 59 EAEC were 30.5%， 50.8%， and 57.6%， respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of virulence genes between suburban and urban EAEC strains （P>0.05）. PFGE analysis revealed that only two EAEC strains belonged to the same PFGE pattern and were collected from the same hospital， and the overall PFGE patterns were polymorphic. EAEC showed susceptibility to imipenem and colistin E， and the resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole （SXT）， ampicillin （AMP）， nalidixic acid （NAL）， and tetracycline （93.1%， 79.3%， 63.8%， and 58.6%， respectively） were higher than 50.0%. The antibiotic resistance rates of cefazolin （CFZ）， cefotaxime （CTX）， and ciprofloxacin （CIP） were significantly different between EAEC strains from suburban and urban areas （P0.05）.ConclusionThe EAEC virulence gene assemblages in children with diarrhea in the six districts of Shanghai are diverse， and the molecular typing patterns are relatively scattered， indicating possible cross-infection of homologous strains. Multi-drug resistance in EAEC strains is relatively common， and there is a statistically significant difference in the resistance rates of CFZ， CTX and CIP between urban and suburban EAEC strains. Attention should be given to standardizing the use of clinical antibiotics to effectively control the dissemination of multidrug-resistant EAEC strains.

ObjectiveTo explore the role and possible mechanism of cognitive function-related factors and BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling pathway in the treadmill exercise intervention with the decline of cognitive memory function in naturally aging mice.MethodsA total of 16 months old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the aged group and the exercise group, through a random number table method, with 8 mice in each group. And 6-month-old mice of the same strain were taken as the adult group (n=8). The exercise group performed a 6-week treadmill exercise, 1 hour each time, once a day, and 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. The baseline memory function was detected by Morris water maze test before intervention. The memory function of mice in each group after intervention was detected by Barnes maze test, T maze test and new object recognition test. Nissl staining was used to detect the morphology of hippocampal neurons, Golgi staining was used to detect the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus. RT-PCR was used to detect the changes of cognitive function-related factors in the hippocampus of aged mice, and Western blot was used to detect the changes of BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling pathway related proteins in the hippocampus.ResultsThe escape latency time of Barnes maze in the aged group was significantly longer than that in the adult group (PPPPPPPPPP

The current shearer control system is difficult to deal with the complex working conditions of the underground working face. The realization of the intelligent height and speed regulation control of the shearer is faced with three major technical problems:the lack of data communication capacity of traditional 4G, WiFi and other wireless communication technologies, the low data processing synergy of the centralized cloud computing platform, and the need for high manual intervention assistance for coal cutting control. In order to promote the intelligent development of the shearer and the whole fully mechanized mining face, starting from solving the key technologies of the shearer such as 5G communication technology, cloud-side-end collaboration technology, intelligent height and speed regulation control technology, a shearer intelligent height and speed regulation control system based on 5G+cloud-side-end collaboration technology was developed, and the 5G communication technology and cloud-side-end collaboration technology used in the system were described in detail, the hardware platform and communication network of the shearer intelligent height adjustment and speed regulation control system were introduced. The shearer intelligent height and speed regulation control system adopts a multimodal fusion coal rock distribution identification model based on feature level fusion and decision level complementarity, and on the basis of coal rock distribution identification technology, the shearer intelligent height adjustment and speed regulation control strategy of "memory cutting coal+coal rock distribution identification intervention" is used for cutting control. The 81309 Working Face in Shendong Baode Coal Mine conducted a 2-month application test of the control system, the test results showed that the packet loss rate of the real-time communication of the shearer was about 0.003%, the end-to-end average communication delay between the shearer and the centralized control center had decreased by 75%, the failure rate of the shearer drum had decreased by 42%, and the coal gangue mixing rate of the front scraper conveyor had decreased by 42.9%, which verified the practicality and feasibility of the shearer intelligent control system and the hardware platform. The work improved the intelligent degree and reliability level of shearer control, which can be popularized and applied to promote the intelligent development of fully mechanized mining face.

With the continuous application and popularization of distributed energy, DC power distribution will become the mainstream form of future power distribution system. As a new type of power distribution system, the overvoltage and insulation coordination of flexible DC power distribution urgently needs further research and improvement. The addition of medium-voltage DC circuit breakers has also led to fundamental changes in the operating overvoltage transient characteristics of the system. It is necessary to analyze the operating overvoltage distribution characteristics and insulation coordination of the flexible DC distribution network with DC circuit breakers. Firstly, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of ±10 kV ring-network flexible DC power distribution network is constructed, and the protection action scheme based on DC circuit breaker is designed. Then, the ±10 kV ring network flexible DC power distribution system is simulated and analyzed for operating overvoltage, horizontal spatial distribution characteristics of its amplitude and the decisive working condition of the maximum overvoltage at key positions are obtained, insulation coordination scheme of the ±10 kV ring network flexible DC power distribution system is proposed. Finally, the simulation analysis of the transient induced overvoltage of the DC cable sheath under the influence of the action of the DC circuit breaker is carried out. The results show that the addition of DC circuit breakers improves the reliability and flexibility of DC distribution network, and the layout of arrester and cable metal shield protector is further optimized, which is of great significance to the design of insulation matching scheme of flexible direct distribution network of ring network.

In recent years, the rapid rise of the e-commerce industry has promoted the rapid development of e-commerce villages. Dayuan Village, which is located on the urban-rural fringe of Guangzhou, has developed into one of the largest and most influential e-commerce villages in China. Studying the mechanism of the formation, development, and transformation of Dayuan Village's e-commerce industry is necessary to explore the evolution mechanism of the digital industry, especially in the urban-rural fringe. Based on the theoretical perspective of "Actor-network Theory", the paper analyzes the network evolution and dissidence elimination process gradually by using in-depth interviews and participant observation to analyze this evolving process. The results show that the development of Dayuan e-commerce village has experienced three evolutionary stages: e-commerce agglomeration, e-commerce industry regularization, and e-commerce upgrading. The different OPPs in the three stages are anchored by traditional e-commerce, local government, and emerging e-commerce. With the formation of key actors, other heterogeneous actors, such as land, housing, express delivery, logistics, and emerging e-commerce platforms were enrolled based on the consensus of goals. Dayuan Village developed from a traditional urban village to a traditional e-commerce village and then transformed into a new e-commerce village, a process that reflects the simultaneous upgrading of local-network mobilization and global-network attachment in village development, increasing the resilience of the village's development. With the joint efforts of heterogeneous actors, the talent pool of Dayuan E-Commerce Village has grown from lack to abundance, social communication from isolation to integration, and business management from deficiency to enhancement. In addition, this study also emphasized, innovatively, the upgrading mechanism in the transformation process of the e-commerce village through the "local-global" framework in the Actor-Network Theory. New short video and live streaming platforms that are enrolled in the network not only further mobilize the activation of local actor networks but also further connect the village and its various assets to the external network and then participate in the global network. Thus, the transition from a traditional e-commerce village to an emerging one is a comprehensive upgrading process for both global and local networks. By analyzing the evolution of the actor network of Dayuan Village from a traditional e-commerce village to an emerging e-commerce village, this paper fills a gap in the study of the upgrading process of e-commerce villages to some extent and firstly uses the "global-local" framework in the actor network to analyze this upgrading process. The case of the development and transformation of the Dayuan e-commerce village illustrates the importance of different key actors for local development in different stages. Market forces and entrepreneurs play an important role in the formative stages of e-commerce villages, whereas the government and associations can regulate and mediate them in the later stages of explosive and rough growth to make e-commerce villages more sustainable. Therefore, the identification of development stages, stage OPPs, and key actors at different stages in the local planning and development process can help in completely exploiting the agency of different actors at different stages.

Objective To investigate the effect of MDM2 inhibitor RG-7388 on the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of diffuse large B-lymphoma (DLBCL) cells. Methods DLBCL cell strains SUDHL2 and HBL1 were treated with 2, 4, and 8 μmol/LRG7388, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 and EdU methods. Apoptosis was measured by Annexin V–FITC/PI double staining and Caspase 3/7-Glo enzyme activity methods. Cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Changes in the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins were determined by Western blot. Results The IC50 of RG7388 for inhibiting SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells were 3.36 and 3.76 μmol/L, respectively, and the inhibitory effect of RG7388 was dose dependent. The proportions of G1 phase and apoptotic cells in the SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells treated with different doses of RG7388 were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P

The thermal management problem of IGBT is becoming more and more prominent, and it is urgent to develop a new cooling technology with high efficiency, stability and flexibility. Based on the main problems and bottlenecks in the current IGBT module cooling, was conducted a detailed analysis and evaluation of the widely used IGBT cooling technologies, as well as spray cooling, jet impingement cooling technology and micro-channel cooling technology, which are the hot spots of the current research. It shows that compared with other cooling technologies, micro-channel cooling technology, especially microchannel flow boiling cooling technology, has the advantages of compact structure, strong heat transfer capacity, high heat transfer coefficient, less working fluid charge, and good temperature uniformity performance, which have great development prospects in the field of thermal management of electronic devices. Thus, in this paper, it was proposed that microchannel flow boiling cooling is an optimal solution to the thermal management of new electronic devices, which provides an important reference for the design and application of IGBT module heat sinks.

The effect of dicumyl peroxide(DCP), di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene (BIPB) and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butylperoxy hexane（DHBP） on properties of hydrogenated nitrile rubber（HNBR）were investigated. The results showed that, in the case of decomposing the same number of free radicals, the compound from DCP had the lowest Mooney viscosity increment, the shortest scorch time, the fastest curing speed, the worst tensile strength and the best hot air aging resistance. The compound from DHBP had the longest scorch time, the slowest cu-ring rate, the lowest hardness and modulus, the hi-ghest tensile strength and elongation at break, the worst compression set and oil resistance. The scorch time, curing speed and tensile strength of the compound from BIPB were in the middle of the first two, with the minimum compression set and worst hot air aging resistance, the Mooney viscosity increment was equivalent to that from DHBP, and other physical and mechanical properties and oil resistance were equivalent to that from DCP.

The growth of fungi on rice grains during storage will affect rice quality. In severe cases, these fungi will produce mycotoxins and cause food safety issues. It is the premise of effective prevention and control of deleterious fungi to determine the fungal community composition of rice grains during storage and accurately identify the dominant species, which is of great significance in ensuring the quality safety and food safety of rice grains. In this study, we used the methods of traditional microbial separation culture to investigate the fungal communities of stored rice grains from warehouses of different regions. In combination with the sequence of ex-types and authentic strains, we used morphological observations and multigene phylogenetic analysis to accurately identify the dominant fungal species of stored rice grains in China. The dominant species were A. flavus, A. niger and A. montevidensis (A. amstelodami) in Southern China and A. proliferans and A. montevidensis in Northern China. The detailed identification process and related data of the predominant fungal species on the stored rice grains in the North and South China were expounded in this paper, which has provided a reference for the accurate identification of deleterious fungi in grains.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of energy spectrum CT volume quantitative parameters in differentiating pathological types of colorectal cancer. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 66 patients (16 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma and 50 cases of tubular adenocarcinoma) with colorectal cancer confirmed by pathology in our hospital from January 2019 to November 2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The volume parameters and two-dimensional parameters of the tumor, including iodine (water) concentration, water (iodine) concentration and effective atomic number, were measured by different methods of region of interest (ROI) acquisition, and normalized iodine (water) concentration (NIC) was calculated. Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of statistically significant parameters for pathological types of colorectal cancer. Results In terms of energy spectrum volume parameters, iodine (water) concentration, NIC and Eff-Z in arterial and venous phases were significantly different (P < 0.01). The iodine (water) concentration, NIC and Eff-Z of mucinous adenocarcinoma were lower than those of tubular adenocarcinoma. However, in the two-dimensional parameters, only iodine (water) concentration, NIC and Eff-Z in venous phase had significant differences among groups (P < 0.05). The volumetric iodine (water) concentration and NIC in mucinous adenocarcinoma were lower than corresponding two-dimensional parameters. ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of energy spectrum volume parameters was higher than that of two-dimensional parameters. Among them, arterial volume NIC had the highest diagnostic efficiency, with a sensitivity of 82.0% and specificity of 87.5%. Conclusion The quantitative parameters of CT volume of energy spectrum may have greater potential clinical value in differentiating mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma from tubular adenocarcinoma than two-dimensional parameters.

Tropical cyclones have brought huge economic losses to Fujian Province. In order to achieve dynamic monitoring and early warning of wind and rain disaster risks caused by tropical cyclones, the disaster-causing mechanism of tropical cyclones is analyzed. A refined risk assessment method is developed to meet the needs of real-time decision-making on disaster prevention, mitigation, and reducing the economic losses caused by tropical cyclones.Through multiple rounds of rationality tests, 7 rain-induced disaster factors and 4 wind-induced disaster factors are picked out based on the tropical cyclone wind and rain data of 66 national meteorological stations from 1981 to 2021. And then, the risk assessment model of tropical cyclone disaster factors is established using the range standardization and correlation coefficient objective weighting method, and the risk level is divided by the natural breakpoint method and the disaster impacts.The results show that the risk assessment index system of disaster factors is reasonable, and the spatial distribution of disaster risk is investigated. The high rain risk areas are located along the coast, and the rain risk of Nanping and Sanming areas is low; the high wind risk area is significantly narrower than the high rain risk area, and the risk level decreases fast inland. Among them, the coastal areas from Luoyuan Bay to Chongwu are protected by the terrain barrier of Taiwan, and the risk is one level lower than that of the north and south parts of the coast. In addition, after the tropical cyclone lands on the east coast of Guangdong and moves northward, it often stays in the low-pressure cloud over the west of Fujian, resulting in a high risk area in the northwest of Fujian. Based on the spatial distribution of a single tropical cyclone, the disaster situation and the encrypted wind and rain data of regional stations, using the function of GIS and combining several typical tropical cyclone cases, a reasonable threshold for hazard classification is designed. It is targeted, especially urban waterlogging and mountain torrent disasters, which are basically consistent with the disaster situation, and provide more valuable reference information for meteorological disaster decision-making services.

Objective Regulated in development and DNA damage responses-1 (REDD1) is a conserved and ubiquitous protein, and is induced in response to multiple stimuli. However, its regulation, function and clinical relevance in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastritis are presently unknown. The study aimed to investigate its expression and regulation mechanism in H. pylori infection. Methods C57 mice and gastric epithelial cells (AGS cells) were respectively infected with H. pylori to establish infected models. Then the expression of REDD1 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. The mechanism of REDD1 up-regulation induced by H. pylori infection was investigated by transfection with signaling pathway inhibitor, plasmid or dual-luciferase reporting analysis in cell models. Results The expression of REDD1 was increased in gastric mucosa of the H. pylori-infected mice than the un-infected ones. Compared with the wild-type strain of H. pylori, the strain with cagA knockout (△cagA H. pylori 11637 cells) showed decreased effect on the upregulation of REDD1 (P < 0.05). H. pylori infection induced up-regulation of REDD1 in AGS cells in a time-, cagA- and pathogen dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Blocking of P38/MAPKp38 signaling pathway could significantly inhibit the upregulation of REDD1 induced by the infection (P < 0.05). Conclusion H. pylori induces the up-regulation of REDD1 through activation of phosphorylated cagA in MAPKp38 pathway in the gastric mucosa of mouse with H. pylori infection.

Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality of male breast cancer in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015. Methods The data reported by the Hubei Provincial Cancer Registry from 2012 to 2015 were collected for analyzing the incidence and mortality trends of male breast cancer according to year, urban and rural areas and age. We also compared the difference of incidence and mortality between male and female breast cancer. Results A total of 106 new cases of male breast cancer were reported in Hubei Cancer Registry from 2012 to 2015 with an incidence rate of 0.43/105, and 10052 new cases of female breast cancer with an incidence rate of 42.76/105; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 1:99. Male breast cancer death cases was 37 with the death rate of 0.15/105, and female breast cancer death cases was 2201 with the death rate of 9.36/105; the male-to-female mortality ratio was 1:62. The incidence and mortality of breast cancer between male and female varied by year, urban and rural areas. Male breast cancer was less common in young men (< 35 years old), and the incidence increased with age after 35 years old; male breast cancer deaths were rare in men under 45 years old, and the mortality rate increased with age. The incidence and mortality of male breast cancer patients over 85 years old reached the peak. Conclusion Male breast cancer is rare in clinical practice, and the incidence rate is much lower than that of female breast cancer. Even so, it is necessary to study the epidemiological law of male breast cancers' incidence and mortality, which can be used for prevention and treatment of male breast cancer.

Background and objective Studies have shown that elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration can lead to poor prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma, but its relationship with the prognosis of patients with lung large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (L-LCNEC) is not clear. This study aims to explore the influence of L-LCNEC preoperative serum LDH concentration and postoperative LDH concentration change trend on the disease-free survival (DFS) of patients after surgery, so as to judge the clinical prognosis of L-LCNEC provides new ideas. Methods Collected the clinical data. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value, while the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard model were used to analyze data. Results DFS was shortened in patients with high serum LDH concentration before operation and increased LDH concentration after operation (P

As an important way of human-computer interaction, the dialogue system has broad application prospects. Existing dialogue systems focus on solving problems such as semantic consistency and content richness and paying little attention to improving human-computer interaction and human-computer resonance. How to make the generated sentences communicate with users more naturally on the basis of semantic relevance is one of the main problems in current dialogue system. First, it summarizes the overall situation of the dialogue system. Then it introduces the two major tasks of dialogue emotion perception and emotional dialogue generation in the emotional dialogue system. And further it investigates and summarizes related methods respectively. Dialogue emotion perception tasks are roughly divided into context-based and user-based methods. The emotional dialogue generation methods include rule matching algorithms, specified emotional response generation models, and non-specified emotional response generation models. The models are compared and analyzed in terms of emotional data categories and model methods. Next, for subsequent research, it summarizes characteristics and links of the data sets under the two major tasks. Further, different evaluation methods in the current emotional dialogue system are summarized. Finally, the work of the emotional dialogue system is summarized and prospected.

Magnesium batteries with the advantages of low cost, high energy density and high safety are expected to be applied in large-scale energy storage and power vehicles in the future. However, magnesium batteries are still in the early development, and cathode is the key reason that limits the battery performance. The high charge density of Mg2+ results in slow diffusion of Mg2+ in cathode materials. Therefore, how to improve the electrochemical performance of cathode materials is the focus and difficulty in the field of magnesium batteries. By analysing the related researches, six strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of cathode materials were summarized in this paper, namely, reducing the particle size, using the shielding effect of the solvent, increasing the interlayer distance, regulating anions, exploring new structures and developing double ion batteries. By clarifying the root cause that makes the strategies effective and pointing out the advantages and limitations of the strategies, this paper provides valuable guidance for the development of high-performance cathode materials for magnesium batteries. Finally, the development status of magnesium battery cathode materials was summarized, and the future development trend of cathode and the whole battery system was prospected.

To study the regularity of blasting vibration of semi coal and rock roadway and its influence on the broken rock zone, the semi coal and rock roadway of Xinyi Coal Mine is taken as the test site, and the field test of blasting vibration and broken rock zone is carried out. The monitoring data analysis of blasting vibration shows that the main vibration frequency of excavation blasting in semi coal and rock roadway is 50 Hz to 250 Hz, and the main frequency of blasting vibration is higher when the detonating charge of the same section of detonator tube is large. The measured blasting vibration velocity is higher than the theoretical value, and the blasting vibration attenuation formula is fitted by using Sadov’s formula regression, then the permissible safe distance of blasting in different rock layers is calculated. The analysis of the test data of the broken rock zone shows that the range of the broken rock zone of sandstone layer surrounding rock is 1 m to 1.25 m, and the range of coal seam surrounding rock is 1.25 m to 1.5 m. The blasting vibration has little disturbance to the surrounding rock of sandstone layer, and the broken rock zone of coal seam increases by about 0.2 m. With the increase of free surface, the propagation of total explosion energy in rock mass decreases, and the disturbance to surrounding rock by blasting vibration becomes smaller. Based on the results of monitoring and analysis, the improvement measures of charging structure and supporting parameters are put forward.

Background and objective Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis in all types of lung cancer. This study evaluated the relationship between pretreatment serum apolipoprotein levels and prognosis in patients with SCLC, seeks a new index can guide diagnosis and treatment of SCLC. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 122 patients with SCLC. The clinical results of patients with serum apolipoprotein levels within 2 weeks before treatment were collected, including apolipoprotein AI (ApoA-I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and the ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein AI (ApoB/ApoA-I). Patients' progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) are the main outcome indicators. The best critical to determine the index's value by X-tile tool. For survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis, and Cox regression analysis method was used for single factor analysis and multifactor analysis. Results Compared with patients with low ApoA-I levels, patients with high ApoA-I levels (ApoA-I>1.12 g/L) had better OS (21.5 mon vs 12.3 mon, P=0.007) and PFS (7.3 mon vs 5.5 mon, P=0.017). In contrast, patients with higher ApoB/ApoA-I levels had worse median OS than patients with lower ApoB/ApoA-I levels (13.4 mon vs 20.7 mon, P=0.012). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ApoA-I was an independent prognostic factor affecting PFS in SCLC patients (HR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.45-0.99, P=0.043). ApoB/ApoA-I is an independent risk factor for OS in patients with SCLC (HR=1.98, 95%CI: 1.21-3.23, P=0.007). Conclusion Serum ApoA-I level and ApoB/ApoA-I level before treatment can be important prognostic factors for SCLC, which is helpful to judge the prognosis of patients.

In recent years, lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. There is increasing evidence that many lipids and lipid analogs are key regulators of tumorigenesis, and factors that affect blood lipid levels such as smoking, diet, and obesity may be associated with cancer risk. With the deepening of research on the relationship between lipids and tumorigenesis, exploring the correlation between blood lipids and lung cancer risk and prognosis has become a research hotspot. This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between blood lipid levels and the risk of lung cancer, blood lipid levels and the prognosis of lung cancer patients, and the adjustment of blood lipid drugs and the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.

Tumor immunity is a new line of research for the treatment of patients with solid tumors, and negative regulators of the immune system called immune checkpoints play a key role in limiting antitumor immunologic responses. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as those targeted against PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4, have been developed as anti-tumor drugs. dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer is susceptible to immune checkpoint inhibitors with objective responses. Based on the immunophenotyping of colorectal cancer, this article reviews the treatment regimens of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer.

A miniaturization research of rocket upper stage electric load management center(EMLC) based on SIP concept is presented in this paper, in the background of electron-integrated system on rocket, focusing on the method of design and implementation of a SIP control system in EMLC. The architecture design of SIP control system is completed with the mixed analog-digital FPGA as hardware platform. A design and implementation method of IPs like main protocol engine core, warm backup fiber optic Ethernet core and other main function core has been elaborated. An assistance health management(AHM) system′s design and implementation method in this paper has been simply illustrated. The simulation result of EMLC and experiment result of the SIP control system are also been given.

In view of problems of low production efficiency and bad products quality existed in manual control used by silica production system of one company, the paper proposed a reform scheme of automatic control system of silica reactor based on S7-200 PLC. It analyzed technology process of silica production system and introduced design of hardware and software of the reformed automatic control system in details. The actual application showed that the reformed automatic control system realizes automatic control for flow of acid, alkali and water, automatic control for solution temperature and solution pH value, which improves products quality and production efficiency.

A scheme of constructing one-way hash function based on Chen-type hyper-chaotic system and key-stream was proposed. In this scheme, the plain-text and the secret key were used as the initial values of two hyper-chaotic systems, these values were evolved in a hyper-chaotic way during a predefined period. The results of the evolution were quantified and iterated using key-stream iteration to confuse and diffuse the plain-text with the secret key. Then, the cipher block chaining mode was used to generate the 128bit hash value for the plain-text with arbitrary length. Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can satisfy the required security performance, such as data compression function, irreversibility, initial value sensitivity forgery resistance and collision resistance. Compared with some existing methods, the proposed scheme possesses better collision resistance performance.

A kind of new distributed signcryption protocol was proposed based on the ideal vector space secret sharing scheme and the modified signcryption scheme of Zheng1.Without the involvement of a trusted key distribution center, this protocol could gain its ends of both threshold signature and threshold encryption simultaneously, however, its cost was equal to threshold signature only.Furthermore, based on the discrete logarithm, properties were verified and structured, the legitimacy of the participators could be confirmed during the processes of the keys generation, distributed signcryption and distributed unsigncryption, which prevented the participators cheating.

Synthetic Biology, as an emerging discipline, has gained widespread attention and is developing rapidly, profoundly impacting the fields of life sciences and biotechnology. Concurrently, as emerging engineering education programs take shape, accelerated cultivation of multifaceted innovative talents represents a new mission and imperative for higher education in China. In the context of the flourishing development of Synthetic Biology, East China University of Science and Technology has established a curriculum cluster in Synthetic Biology, focusing on microbiological drug discovery and biomanufacturing. The teaching team initially reviewed the curriculum system related to Synthetic Biology and its upstream and downstream courses. Subsequently, they expanded the core courses in Synthetic Biology, creating a curriculum cluster that encompasses not only the theoretical foundations and cutting-edge technologies but also integrates with related disciplines. Moreover, the curriculum cluster leverages lectures from renowned domestic and international professors in the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, and harnesses the rich resources of the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (the "111 plan"), aiming to enhance students' innovation capabilities. With the support of this curriculum cluster and teaching team, undergraduate students actively participate in international Synthetic Biology competitions like international genetic engineering machine competition (iGEM), consistently achieving gold awards. Furthermore, many students have applied for patents and made contributions to research paper publications. This work stands as a valuable exemplar for cultivating multifaceted talents with exceptional innovative capabilities.

The use of nitrification inhibitors has been suggested as a strategy to decrease cadmium (Cd) accumulation in crops. However, the most efficient nitrification inhibitor for mitigating crop Cd accumulation remains to be elucidated, and whether and how changes in soil microbial structure are involved in this process also remains unclear. To address these questions, this study applied three commercial nitrification inhibitors, namely, dicyandiamide (DCD), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), and nitrapyrin (NP), to pakchoi. The results showed that both DCD and DMPP (but not NP) could efficiently decrease Cd concentrations in pakchoi in urea- and ammonium-fertilized soils. In addition, among the three tested nitrification inhibitors, DMPP was the most efficient in decreasing the Cd concentration in pakchoi. The nitrification inhibitors decreased pakchoi Cd concentrations by suppressing acidification-induced Cd availability and reshaping the soil microbial structure; the most effective nitrification inhibitor was DMPP. Ammonia oxidation generates the most protons during nitrification and is inhibited by nitrification inhibitors. Changes in environmental factors and predatory bacterial abundance caused by the nitrification inhibitors changed the soil microbial structure and increased the potential participants in plant Cd accumulation. In summary, our study identified DMPP as the most efficient nitrification inhibitor for mitigating crop Cd contamination and observed that the soil microbial structural changes caused by the nitrification inhibitors contributed to decreasing Cd concentration in pakchoi.

Chloropicrin is a commonly used pesticide in agricultural production. The clinical manifestations of oral poisoning patients are complex, and the lesions involve multiple organs. At present, the specific pathogenic mechanism of such poisoning is not clear, and the treatment experience is insufficient, so there are certain difficulties in clinical diagnosis, treatment and treatment. In this paper, the data of a patient with oral chloropicrin poisoning treated in Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang City in April 2023 were summarized. The patient was admitted to our hospital for treatment in time, and his condition improved after Hemopurification, methylene blue reduction, organ support, infection prevention as well as other symptomatic support. Oral chlorophenol can cause lung damage, skin and mucous membrane damage, and may have certain effects on the nervous system and kidney. Early intervention, especially blood purification, is effective.

Objectives: To observe the efficacy and safety of ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with malignant tumors., Methods: Patients with malignant tumors and suffering from chemotherapy were randomly divided into control group (35 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and observation group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped off). The patients of the control group were treated by orally taking ondansetron hydrochloride tablets 8 mg/time, 3 times a day for 3 d, and those of the observation group treated by ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation of Zusanli(ST36), Neiguan(PC6), Tianshu(ST25), Zhongwan(CV12) and Guanyuan(CV4) once a day for a total of 3 d, based on the treatment of the control group. The patients' gastrointestinal reaction degree after the 1 st , 2 nd and the 3 rd day of treatment were recorded. The Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (0-100 points) was used for assessing the patients' quality of life. The TCM syndrome score (4 grades：no, mild, medium and severe, i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6 points) was given according to the patients' severity of symptoms of spleen (stomach) qi deficiency (nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension after eating, belching, loss of appetite, weakness and laziness to speak, fatigue, and loose stool). The safety of the treatment was assessed by examining the patients' blood routine, liver function and kidney function, and the adverse reactions including blisters, allergies, burns and fainting during acupuncture treatment., Results: After the 2 nd and 3 rd day of treatment, the patients conditions of vomiting and nausea in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group ( P <0.05). The TCM syndrome score and KPS score were significantly decreased in comparison with those of pre-treatment in both groups ( P <0.05), and the TCM syndrome score was obviously lower in the observation group than in the control group ( P <0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in the KPS score after the treatment , and in the levels of white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine(Cr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)., Conclusions: The use of ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation is safe for CINV patients, and can effectively relieve nausea and vomiting and alleviate digestive symptoms.

Objective: To understand the infection status, epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in Shanghai and provide evidence for the disease surveillance. Methods: The epidemiological data of diarrhea cases in Shanghai from 2016 to 2022 were collected from Shanghai Diarrhea Comprehensive Surveillance System, and stool samples were collected from the cases for DEC detection. The drug resistance data was obtained from Chinese Pathogen Identification Network. Statistical analysis was conducted by using χ 2 and fisher test. Results: In 24 883 diarrhea cases detected during 2016-2022, the DEC positive rate was 9.13% (2 271/24 883), the single DEC positive rate was 8.83% (2 197/24 883) and the mixed DEC positive rate was 0.30% (74/24 883). The main type of DEC was Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) [4.33% (1 077/24 883)]. The DEC positive rate was highest in people aged ≤5 years 18.48% (22/119). The annual peak of DEC positive rate was observed during July - September [5.91% (1 470/24 883)]. The DEC positive rate were 9.47% (554/5 847) and 9.02% (1 717/19 036) in urban area and in suburbs, respectively, Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) [3.98% (233/5 847)] and ETEC [4.56% (868/19 036)] were mainly detected. From 2016 to 2019, the DEC positive rate was 9.42% (1 821/19 330), while it was 8.10% (450/5 553) from 2020 to 2022, the main DEC types were ETEC (4.87%, 941/19 330) and EAEC (4.70%, 261/5 553). The multi-drug resistance rate was 40.21% (618/1 537). The top three antibiotics with high drug resistance rates were ampicillin [64.74% (995/1 537)], nalidixic acid [58.49% (899/1 537)] and tetracycline [45.09% (693/1 537)]. Conclusions: Compared with 2016- 2019, a decrease in DEC detection rate was observed during 2020-2022, and the main type of DEC detected shifted from ETEC to EAEC. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance was severe. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the surveillance for DEC drug resistance and standardize the use of clinical antibiotics.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) posses the potential for highly self-renewal, proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation. HSC transplantation has long been the primary method for treating hematologic disorders and autoimmune diseases, and the ability to rebuild the immune system after transplantation is a key indicator of success. To enhance the reconstruction ability of the immune system after transplantation, current research focuses on genetic engineering and the use of HSCs modified by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing technology as a source of transplant cells. This article summaries the biological characteristics, regulatory mechanism, ability to differentiate into immune cells, as well as the application and advance in the treatment of blood disorders, immune deficiencies, cancers and other related diseases, aiming to provide references for the research on relevant diseases.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Erchen Decoction(ECD) on liver mitochondrial function in mice with a high-fat diet and its possible mechanism. A total of sixty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group, high-fat group, ECD group, mTORC1 activator(MHY) group, ECD+MHY group, and polyene phosphatidyl choline(PPC) group, with 10 rats in each group. The normal group was given a normal diet, and the other groups were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. At the 17th week, the ECD group and ECD+MHY group were given ECD(8.7 g·kg~(-1)) daily, and the PPC group was given PPC(0.18 g·kg~(-1)) daily, while the remaining groups were given normal saline(0.01 mL·g~(-1)) daily for four weeks. In the 19th week, the MHY group and ECD+MHY group were injected intraperitoneally with MHY(5 mg·kg~(-1)) every other day for two weeks. During the experiment, the general conditions of the mice were observed. The contents of triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) in serum were measured. Morphological changes in liver tissue were examined through HE and oil red O staining. The content of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) was determined using chemiluminescence, and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using a fluorescence probe(JC-1). Western blot was performed to detect the expression of rapamycin target protein complex 1(mTOR1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1(S6K), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SREBP1), and caveolin 1(CAV1). RESULTS:: revealed that compared with the normal group, the mice in the high-fat group exhibited significant increases in body weight and abdominal circumference(P&lt;0.01). Additionally, there were significant increases in TG and TC levels(P&lt;0.01). HE and oil red O staining showed that the boundaries of hepatic lobules were unclear; hepatocytes were enlarged, round, and irregularly arranged, with obvious lipid droplet deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration. The liver ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 increased significantly(P&lt;0.01), while the expression of CAV1 decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01). Compared with the high-fat group, the body weight and TG content of mice in the ECD group and PPC group decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05). Improvements were observed in hepatocyte morphology, lipid deposition, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, there were significant increases in ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 decreased significantly in the ECD group(P&lt;0.01), while CAV1 expression increased significantly(P&lt;0.01). However, the indices mentioned above did not show improvement in the MHY group. When the ECD+MHY group was compared with the MHY group, there were significant reductions in body weight and TG contents(P&lt;0.05). The morphological changes of hepatocytes, lipid deposition, and inflammatory cell infiltration were recovered. Moreover, there were significant increases in liver ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.05). The expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K, and n-SREBP1 decreased significantly(P&lt;0.01), while CAV1 expression increased significantly(P&lt;0.01). In conclusion, ECD can improve mitochondrial function by regulating the mTORC1/SREBP1/CAV1 pathway. This mechanism may be involved in the resolution of phlegm syndrome and the regulation of lipid metabolism.

Reducing lactate accumulation has always been a goal of the mammalian cell biotechnology industry. When animal cells are cultured in vitro , the accumulation of lactate is mainly the combined result of two metabolic pathways. On one hand, glucose generates lactate under the function of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA); on the other hand, lactate can be oxidized to pyruvate by LDHB or LDHC and re-enter the TCA cycle. This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of LDH manipulation on the growth, metabolism and human adenovirus (HAdV) production of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells, providing a theoretical basis for engineering the lactate metabolism in mammalian cells. By knocking out ldha gene and overexpression of ldhb and ldhc genes, the metabolic efficiency of HEK-293 cells was effectively improved, and HAdV production was significantly increased. Compared with the control cell, LDH manipulation promoted cell growth, reduced the accumulation of lactate and ammonia, significantly enhanced the efficiency of substrate and energy metabolism of cells, and significantly increased the HAdV production capacity of HEK-293 cells. Among these LDH manipulation measures, ldhc gene overexpression performed the best, with the maximum cell density increased by about 38.7%. The yield of lactate to glucose and ammonia to glutamine decreased by 33.8% and 63.3%, respectively; and HAdV titer increased by at least 16 times. In addition, the ATP production rate, ATP/O 2 ratio, ATP/ADP ratio and NADH content of the modified cell lines were increased to varying degrees, and the energy metabolic efficiency was significantly improved.

Objective: To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Guangdong Province by analyzing the outbreaks of influenza-like cases reported in Guangdong Province from January 2015 to the end of August 2022. Methods: In response to the outbreak of epidemics in Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2022, information on on-site epidemic control was collected, and epidemiological analysis was conducted to describe the characteristics of the epidemics. The factors that influence the intensity and duration of the outbreak were determined through a logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 901 influenza outbreaks were reported in Guangdong Province, with an overall incidence of 2.05%. Most outbreak reports occurred from November to January of the following year (50.24%, 955/1 901) and from April to June (29.88%, 568/1 901). A total of 59.23% (1 126/1 901) of the outbreaks were reported in the Pearl River Delta region, and primary and secondary schools were the main places where outbreaks occurred (88.01%, 1 673/1 901). Outbreaks with 10-29 cases were the most common (66.18%, 1 258/1 901), and most outbreaks lasted less than seven days (50.93%,906/1 779). The size of the outbreak was related to the nursery school (a OR =0.38, 95% CI :0.15-0.93), the Pearl River Delta region (a OR =0.60, 95% CI :0.44-0.83), the time interval between the onset of the first case and the time of report (>7 days compared with ≤3 days: a OR =3.01, 95% CI :1.84-4.90), the influenza A(H1N1) (a OR =2.02, 95% CI :1.15-3.55) and the influenza B (Yamagata) (a OR =2.94, 95% CI : 1.50-5.76). The duration of outbreaks was related to school closures (a OR =0.65, 95% CI : 0.47-0.89), the Pearl River Delta region (a OR =0.65, 95% CI : 0.50-0.83) and the time interval between the onset of the first case and the time of report (>7 days compared with ≤3 days: a OR =13.33, 95% CI : 8.80-20.19; 4-7 days compared with ≤3 days: a OR =2.56, 95% CI : 1.81-3.61). Conclusions: An influenza outbreak in Guangdong Province exhibits two peaks, one in the winter and spring seasons and the other in the summer. Primary and secondary schools are high-risk areas, and early reporting of outbreaks is critical for controlling influenza outbreaks in schools. Furthermore, comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent the spread of the epidemic.

Objective: To investigate the effect of MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)., Methods: The effect of OTSSP167 on activity, proliferation, and apoptosis of DLBCL cell line (SUDHL2 and HBL1) was detected by CCK-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, respectively. DLBCL cells were inoculated into nude mice, after 4 weeks of OTSSP167 treatment, the effect of OTSSP167 on DLBCL growth in vivo was detected. Caspase-Glo TM 3/7 enzyme activity assay kit was used to detect the effect of OTSSP167 on Caspase 3/7 enzyme activity of DLBCL cells. The expression levels of apoptosis and cycle-related proteins were detected by Western blot., Results: OTSSP167 significantly inhibited the activity of SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells in a dose-dependent manner ( r =-0.61, r =-0.52). EdU staining showed that OTSSP167 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells. Annexin V-FITC/PI result showed that OTSSP167 could significantly promote the apoptosis of SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells ( P <0.001). The result of in vivo experiment showed that OTSSP167 could inhibit the growth of SUDHL2 cells in nude mice. The result of TUNEL staining of tumor further confirmed that OTSSP167 could promote the apoptosis of SUDHL2 cells. Caspase 3/7 enzyme activity test demonstrated that OTSSP167 could significantly increase caspase activity in SUDHL2 and HBL1 cells ( r =0.98, r =0.87). Western blot showed that OTSSP167 could dose-dependently inhibit the expression of PARP, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2 in apoptosis signaling pathway ( r =-0.93, r =-0.66, r =-0.87), while p53 protein was significantly up-regulated ( r =0.82). The expression of cell cycle-related proteins cdc2, Cyclin E1, Cyclin A2, and Cyclin B1 also showed a dose-dependent down-regulation ( r =-0.89, r =-0.83, r =-0.61, r =-0.93)., Conclusion: The MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of DLBCL cells by inhibiting the expression of cycle-related proteins and anti-apoptosis-related proteins.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of Cai tube-assisted natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This was a descriptive case-series study. Inclusion criteria: (1) colorectal or gastric cancer diagnosed by preoperative pathological examination or redundant sigmoid or transverse colon detected by barium enema; (2) indications for laparoscopic surgery; (3) body mass index <30 kg/m 2 (transanal surgery) and 35 kg/m 2 (transvaginal surgery); (4) no vaginal stenosis or adhesions in female patients undergoing transvaginal specimen extraction; and (5) patients with redundant colon aged 18-70 years and a history of intractable constipation for more than 10 years. Exclusion criteria: (1) colorectal cancer with intestinal perforation or obstruction, or gastric cancer with gastric perforation, gastric hemorrhage, or pyloric obstruction; (2) simultaneous resection of lung, bone, or liver metastases ; (3) history of major abdominal surgery or intestinal adhesions; and (4) incomplete clinical data. From January 2014 to October 2022, 209 patients with gastrointestinal tumors and 25 with redundant colons who met the above criteria were treated by NOSES utilizing a Cai tube (China invention patent number:ZL201410168748.2) in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University. The procedures included eversion and pull-out NOSES radical resection in 14 patients with middle and low rectal cancer, NOSES radical left hemicolectomy in 171 patients with left-sided colorectal cancer, NOSES radical right hemicolectomy in 12 patients with right-sided colon cancer, NOSES systematic mesogastric resection in 12 patients with gastric cancer, and NOSES subtotal colectomy in 25 patients with redundant colons. All specimens were collected by using an in-house-made anal cannula (Cai tube) with no auxiliary incisions. The primary outcomes included 1-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and postoperative complications. Results: Among 234 patients, 116 were male and 118 were female. The mean age was (56.6±10.9) years. NOSES was successfully completed in all patients without conversion to open surgery or procedure-related death. The negative rate of circumferential resection margin was 98.8% (169/171) with both two positive cases having left-sided colorectal cancer. Postoperative complications occurred in 37 patients (15.8%), including 11 cases (4.7%) of anastomotic leakage, 3 cases(1.3%) of anastomotic bleeding, 2 cases (0.9%) of intraperitoneal bleeding, 4 cases (1.7%) of abdominal infection, and 8 cases (3.4%) of pulmonary infection. Reoperations were required in 7 patients (3.0%), all of whom consented to creation of an ileostomy after anastomotic leakage. The total readmission rate within 30 days after surgery was 0.9% (2/234). After a follow-up of (18.3±3.6) months, the 1-year RFS was 94.7%. Five of 209 patients (2.4%) with gastrointestinal tumors had local recurrence, all of which was anastomotic recurrence. Sixteen patients (7.7%) developed distant metastases, including liver metastases( n =8), lung metastases( n =6), and bone metastases ( n =2). Conclusion: NOSES assisted by Cai tube is feasible and safe in radical resection of gastrointestinal tumors and subtotal colectomy for redundant colon.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) supernatants with different activation methods and storage time on human monocyte-derived macrophages phenotype and explore the possible mechanism., Methods: Human monocyte-derived macrophages were cultured in vitro with PRP or activated PRP supernatants activated with different activators. The expression of marker molecules on the surface of macrophages was detected by flow cytometry, and the concentration of growth factors in PRP supernatants was detected by ELISA., Results: After 24 h of coculture, the expression level of CD86 in macrophages stimulated by PRP supernatant (thrombin and Cacl 2 activated) was significantly higher than that by PRP group ( P <0.05), and the expression of CD163 in macrophages was increased by Cacl 2 activated PRP supernatant. Compared with different activator groups, the expression of CD163 in macrophages of Cacl 2 activated group was significantly higher than that of thrombin and ADP groups ( P <0.05). ELISA results showed that the concentrations of FGF ( P <0.001) and EGF ( P <0.05) in the supernatant of PRP stored at -80 ℃ for more than 20 months and 10-20 months were significantly higher than those in the group stored at less than 10 months after Cacl 2 activation, and the expressions of CD86 ( P <0.01), CD163 ( P <0.001) and CD206 ( P <0.001) in macrophages cocultured with the supernatant of the two groups were significantly increased., Conclusion: PRP activated by different activators has different effects on the phenotype of macrophages. Meanwhile, the storage time will also affect the growth factor concentration and effect of PRP.

Plant natural products are one of the main sources of small molecule drugs, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and fragrances, and play an important role in economy development. At present, the way of obtaining plant natural products mainly depends on direct extraction from plants, which is farm land occupying and time consuming. The contents of active ingredients in plants are usually low, and thus the production cost is high. By elucidating the biosynthetic pathways and reconstructing the pathways in microbial cells, plant natural products can be produced by fermentation using renewable raw materials. Microbial biosynthesis provides a new route for the supply of plant natural products. This review summarizes the research progress of microbial synthesis of terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and other important natural products of plants in Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Current research challenges and future prospects are also briefly discussed.

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is booming up a new industrial revolution, and its successful application is rapidly spreading from the information industry to many other fields. The traditional fermentation industry also faces more opportunities and great challenges for reforming. First of all, the rapid development of synthetic biotechnology has greatly enhanced the availability and efficiency for obtaining high-performance strains, which poses great opportunities to the traditional fermentation optimization and scale-up technology. It is urgent to upgrade fermentation optimization technology to cope with the requirement for high-throughput verification of strain performance. Secondly, the development of fermentation equipment technology has laid a good foundation for advancing fermentation optimization technology. The application of AI technology, especially the digital twin and knowledge graph technology, will further boost the upgrade of the traditional fermentation technology. This review summarizes the challenges of fermentation optimization technology in the era of synthetic biology, the core technology of fermentation optimization and scale-up, the equipment technology of high-throughput fermentation, data visualization technology, as well as the application of digital twin and knowledge graph in fermentation optimization and scale-up. This review also prospects future industrial fermentation technology, and the associated new requirements for personnel training.

Objective: To explore the application value and effectiveness of pelvic unlocking closed reduction device for the treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring disruption., Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 243 cases of unstable pelvic posterior ring disruption treated with pelvic unlocking closed reduction device in 13 orthopaedic trauma centers across the country between December 2018 and June 2020 was performed. There were 139 males and 104 females; the age ranged from 18 to 92 years, with an average age of 48.5 years. The cause of injury included 132 cases of traffic accident injuries, 102 cases of falling from height, and 9 cases of crushing injuries. According to AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification, there were 5 cases of type 61-B1, 13 cases of type 61-B2, 32 cases of type 61-C1.1, 47 cases of type 61-C1.2, 89 cases of type 61-C1.3, 35 cases of type 61-C2, and 22 cases of type 61-C3. The time from injury to operation was 2-121 days, with a median of 10 days. Preoperative preparation time, installation time of unlocking closed reduction device, fracture reduction time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, intraoperative blood loss, and surgical complications were recorded, and Matta scoring standard was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction. According to Matta evaluation results, the patients were divided into two subgroups: excellent-good group and fair-poor group. The differences in gender, age, time from injury to operation, AO/OTA classification, and perioperative clinical indicators were compared between the two groups, and the effects of baseline data and perioperative indicators on the quality of fracture reduction were studied., Results: Pelvic unlocking closed reduction device did not interfere with the display of the pelvic structure and fracture displacement direction during the intraoperative fluoroscopy, effectively correcting the displacement of the pelvic ring. The preoperative preparation time was 17-60 minutes, with an average of 30 minutes; installation time of unlocking closed reduction device was 10-32 minutes, with an average of 21 minutes; intraoperative fracture reduction time was 15-205 minutes, with an average of 49.2 minutes; intraoperative fluoroscopy times were 41-420 times, with an average of 132 times; intraoperative blood loss was 40-1 500 mL, with an average of 71.5 mL. The reduction quality of pelvic fracture was evaluated according to Matta score immediately after operation. The results were excellent in 153 cases, good in 61 cases, fair in 24 cases, and poor in 5 cases. The excellent and good rate was 88.1%. Further subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in other indexes ( P >0.05) between the excellent-good group and the fair-poor group except for the time from injury to operation and AO/OTA classification ( P <0.05). Among them, the excellent-good reduction rate was 92.2% (119/129) in patients with injury-to-operation time less than 10 days, and the fair-poor reduction rate was 25.7% (9/35) and 40.9% (9/22) in patients with AO/OTA 61-C2 and 61-C3 types, respectively. There was no surgery-related complication due to the application of the pelvic unlocked reduction device, no secondary iliac fractures, vascular, or nerve injuries, and postoperative CT showed that all channel screws were located in the osseous channel., Conclusion: The pelvic unlocking reduction device can effectively help to reduce the unstable pelvic posterior ring and maintain reduction, meet the needs of different projection angles of pelvic fracture with intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy. The system facilitate the operation of pelvic reduction and precise fixation.

Objective: To investigate the optimal mixing ratio of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) with porous calcium phosphate cement (PCPC) and autologous bone as bone grafting material for the repair of large bone defects using Masquelet technique. The effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of bone defects was evaluated under the optimal ratio of mixed bone., Methods: Fifty-four New Zealand White rabbits were taken to establish a 2 cm long bone defect model of the ulna and treated using the Masquelet technique. Two parts of the experiment were performed in the second phase of the Masquelet technique. First, 36 modeled experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =9) according to the mass ratio of autologous bone and rhBMP-2/PCPC. Group A: autologous bone (100%); group B: 25% autologous bone+75% rhBMP-2/PCPC; group C: 50% autologous bone+50% rhBMP-2/PCPC; group D: 75% autologous bone+25% rhBMP-2/PCPC. The animals were executed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively for general observation, imaging observation, histological observation (HE staining), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and biomechanical assay (three-point bending test) were performed to assess the osteogenic ability and to determine the optimal mixing ratio. Then, 18 modeled experimental animals were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =9). The control group was implanted with the optimal mixture ratio of autologous bone+rhBMP-2/PCPC, and the experimental group was implanted with the optimal mixture ratio of autologous bone+rhBMP-2/PCPC+autologous PRP. The same method was used to observe the above indexes at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively., Results: The bone healing process from callus formation to the cortical connection at the defected gap could be observed in each group after operation; new bone formation, bridging with the host bone, and bone remodeling to normal bone density were observed on imaging observation; new woven bone, new capillaries, bone marrow cavity, and other structures were observed on histological observation. The ALP activity of each group gradually increased with time ( P <0.05); the ALP activity of group A was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups at each time point after operation, and of groups C and D than group B ( P <0.05); there was no significant difference between groups C and D ( P >0.05). Biomechanical assay showed that the maximum load in three-point bending test of each group increased gradually with time ( P <0.05), and the maximum loads of groups A and D were significantly higher than that of groups B and C at each time point after operation ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups A and D ( P >0.05). According to the above tests, the optimal mixing ratio was 75% autogenous bone+25% rhBMP-2/PCPC. The process of new bone formation in the experimental group and the control group was observed by gross observation, imaging examination, and histological observation, and the ability of bone formation in the experimental group was better than that in the control group. The ALP activity and maximum load increased gradually with time in both groups ( P <0.05); the ALP activity and maximum load in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at each time point after operation ( P <0.05), and the maximum load in the experimental group was also significantly higher than that in group A at 12 weeks after operation ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: In the second phase of Masquelet technique, rhBMP-2/PCPC mixed with autologous bone to fill the bone defect can treat large bone defect of rabbit ulna, and it has the best osteogenic ability when the mixing ratio is 75% autologous bone+25% rhBMP-2/PCPC. The combination of PRP can improve the osteogenic ability of rhBMP-2/PCPC and autologous bone mixture.

Objective: To examine the influence of sacroiliac joint reduction quality on the clinical effect of bionic reduction and internal fixation for pelvic ring injury. Methods: From January 2014 to February 2019,the clinical data of 78 patients diagnosed with pelvic ring injury involving sacroiliac joints and treated with bionic reduction and internal fixation at Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University were retrospectively analyzed.There were 48 males and 30 females,aged (48.3±8.3)years (range:28 to 68 years).After bionic reduction and internal fixation,the patients were grouped according to the maximum displacement distance (d) of sacroiliac joint residual on the damaged side measured by CT examination. Patients with d≤5 mm were included in anatomical bionic reduction group,and patients with d>5 mm were included in non-anatomical bionic reduction group.In non-anatomical bionic reduction group,according to the direction of residual displacement,the patients were divided into separation displacement group and anterior-posterior displacement group. The X-ray examination was performed immediately and at the last follow-up after operation.If sacroiliac joint was relocated,or internal plant loosening,displacement,fracture and re-displacement of fracture,it was defined as internal fixation failure.Majeed pelvic fracture scoring system was used to evaluate the postoperative functional status of the two groups,and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the postoperative pain.Comparison between groups was performed by completely random design ANOVA,χ 2 test,Fisher's exact test,Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: According to the CT examination,28 cases were included in anatomical bionic reduction group,and 50 cases were included in non-anatomical bionic reduction group.In non-anatomical bionic reduction group,27 cases were divided into separation displacement group and 23 cases were in anterior-posterior displacement group.There was no significant difference in general data among anatomical bionic reduction group,separation displacement group and anterior-posterior displacement group ( P >0.05). The follow-up time was (37.8±6.6) months (range:25 to 51 months). At the last follow up,the excellent and good rate of Majeed score in anatomical bionic reduction group was 96.4%(27/28),which was better than that in separation displacement group(74.1%(20/27)) and anterior-posterior displacement group (30.4%(7/23)),the difference was statistically significant ( Z= -6.479, P <0.01; Z= -6.256, P <0.01); and the good rate of the separation displacement group was better than that of the anterior-posterior displacement group( Z= -3.607, P <0.01).The VAS of anatomical bionic reduction group (17 cases with 0 point, 11 cases with 1 to 3 points) were lower than that of the displacement group (6 cases with 0 point,16 cases with 1 to 3 points,5 cases with 4 to 6 points) and anterior-posterior displacement group (3 cases with 0 point,7 cases with 1 to 3 points,13 cases with 4 to 6 points),the difference was statistically significant ( Z= -3.515, P <0.01; Z= -3.506, P <0.01),and there was no difference between separation displacement group and anterior-posterior displacement group.Total of 8 cases of internal fixation failure occurred,and the failure rate of anatomical bionic reduction group (0,0/28) was lower than that of the separation displacement group (11.1%,3/27) and anterior-posterior displacement group (21.7%,5/23) ( P =0.111, P =0.014),and there was no difference between separation displacement group and anterior-posterior displacement group( P =0.444). Conclusions: In the bionic reduction and internal fixation of pelvic fracture involving sacroiliac joint injury,the functional status,pain and internal fixation failure rate of patients with anatomical bionic reduction of sacroiliac joint are significantly better than those in the non-anatomical bionic reduction.The functional recovery of patients with separation displacement is better than that of the patients with anterior and posterior displacement.

Objective: To observe the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation in Ménière's disease patients with chronic imbalance. Methods: Forty-five Ménière's disease patients with chronic imbalance treated in vertigo specialist clinic of Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University from December 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled. Patients were divided randomly into two groups, 23 patients in experimental group and 22 patients in control group. Both groups received routine outpatient treatment, and the experimental group received an additional vestibular rehabilitation for 8 weeks. All patients were evaluated with dizziness handicap inventory （DHI） at baseline and 8-week follow-up, and the incidence of fall was calculated. The occurrence of adverse events during the study was also recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups （ P >0.05）. During the study, 1 patient were lost to follow-up and 2 patients dropped out. A total of 42 patients completed the study. Intentionality analysis was performed on lost follow-up patients. After 8 weeks of the treatment, there were significant statistically differences in difference values of DHI and DHI-F scores（ d₁ =-30.22±3.78, d₂ =-13.09±4.85, t =-2.799, P <0.05; d₁ =-12.43±1.46, d₂ =-4.55±2.17, t =-3.043, P <0.05）, while no significant difference was showed in the difference values of DHI-P and DHI-E scores（ P >0.05）. There was no significant difference in incidence of fall between two groups（ P >0.05）, but the incidence of experimental group decreased significantly compared with that before treatment（4.35% vs 34.78%, χ² =4.973, P <0.05）. No serious adverse event was reported in the two groups. Conclusion: Vestibular rehabilitation can improve the balance function and reduce risk of fall in Ménière's disease patients with chronic imbalance. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Microbiology is a key basic professional course for all the students specializing in biology, biotechnology and related majors. To date, microbiology is mainly taught in Chinese within colleges and universities in China. Development of a microbiology course that is taught in English may satisfy the diversified learning needs of the students and promote the "Double First-Class" initiative. We started to teach the microbiology course in English at the East China University of Science and Technology since 2016. This practice was associated with reform and innovation in the teaching methods and contents. The microbiology course taught in English greatly attracted the interest of the attending students and helped improve their professional English learning as well as scientific research. This course provided important support for fostering innovative professional first-class undergraduates under the context of the "Double First-Class" initiative.