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Between 1958 and 1999, notable lithic localities recorded prehistoric activities in Xiqiao Town of Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, from which double-shouldered and microlith-stone artefacts were uncovered. Currently, the "Xiqiaoshan site" is recognized as a substantial Neolithic quarry and processing location, dating back to 4‒7 ka B P. Subsequently, from 2011 to 2022, we conducted multiple geological environmental surveys and analyses on Xiqiaoshan Mountain. A well-preserved Quaternary stratigraphic profile was discovered north of Fuxian village in the southeast foothills of Xiqiaoshan Mountain. The sedimentological, geochemical, and geochronological results indicate the presence of two primary sedimentary strata in the Fuxian locality. The upper unit comprises the Holocene swamp facies, with a calibrated AMS14C dating range from 5052‒5409 a B P; whereas, the lower unit comprises the late Pleistocene alluvial-diluvial strata, with a calibrated AMS14C dating range from 38420‒40502 a B P, and an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating range of 41.977‒43.796 ka B P. Late Pleistocene strata yielded two sand-gravel layers containing Paleolithic artefacts, which are marked as layers A1 and A2. The predominant artefacts in lower layer A1 include larger scrapers, pointed tools, tongue-shaped edged tools, and small flake tools, such as various scrapers, denticulates, notches, knives, utilized flakes, and cores, including tanged axe-shaped knives. In the upper layer A2, backed or tanged knives appear more frequently. The other small flake tools from this layer (A2) were not significantly different from those in lower layer A1. One bifacially prepared core for producing small elongated flakes is of particular interest for this artefact. Based on the average deposition rate, the computational age of the A1 layer was 46.511‒47.325 ka B P, whereas that of the A2 layer was 41.977‒42.167 ka B P. Although the number of artefacts within the Holocene sediments (>5 ka B P) overlying the late Pleistocene strata is limited, the characteristics of inheritance and development are still evident in the types of artefacts. The discovery presented in this study has completely updated and extended the connotation of Xiqiaoshan National Geopark and "Xiqiaoshan culture,"breaking through the late Pleistocene Paleolithic remains records with exact dating in the Pearl River Delta region for the first time. Therefore, a ground-breaking discovery can accurately trace the footsteps of modern humans in the coastal areas of South China from 40‒50 ka. It also reveals the rich features of lithic industry and the developmental characteristics and evolution of its cultural connotations during this period. The present study shows that during the relatively warm and humid conditions of marine isotope stages 3 (MIS3) interglacial period and the subsequent cold and arid stage of MIS2, human population in the Fuxian locality encountered environmental challenges and adopted new subsistence strategy, which is of great significance for understanding modern human responses and adaptations to global and regional environmental and climate change.

With the increase of aging population, the health of the elderly is of great concern. Aging is a complex biological process, accompanied by a gradual loss of physiological integrity of the body and consequently a decline in physiological function. Nutritional intervention through diet is one of the most effective strategies to resist aging. Phytochemicals are a class of bioactive substances that widely exist in fruits, vegetables and drinks. Dietary intake of phytochemicals plays an important role in the anti-aging process. In this article, we summarize the literature concerning the anti-aging effects of phytochemicals in the past decade. First, this article gives an overview of the latest theories of aging, which have been established based on inspiration from model organisms. next, this article briefly outlines the advantages and disadvantages of two model organisms commonly used for studying the theory of aging, Caenorhabditis elegans and rodents (mice or rats). Then, it focuses on elucidating the anti-aging effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals from seven aspects, including enhancing antioxidant capacity, regulating nutrient sensing, activating telomerase activity, repairing mitochondrial function, clearing senescent cells, inducing stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and enhancing anti-inflammatory activity. This article aims to explore the mechanism by which phytochemicals directly or indirectly intervene in the aging process and the application prospects of phytochemicals in food nutrition for the purpose of laying a theoretical foundation for a rational diet for the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases.

China has abundant rice resources, and its processed product, rice bran oil (RBO), not only has a balanced fatty acid composition but is also rich in lipid-associated compounds such as γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and vitamin E, which are highly beneficial to human health. This study primarily conducted a literature review and analysis of the nutritional research progress on rice bran oil and its γ-oryzanol. It systematically outlined the nutritional effects and potential mechanisms of RBO and its γ-oryzanol in areas such as blood lipids, blood glucose, mood/sleep, muscle strength/physical performance, and immune regulation. Among them, the effect of RBO on blood lipids were mostly studied with clinical trials. RBO consumption may effectively improve lipid parameters, and reduce the risk of dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia, which could play a role in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in adults. This study has provided a reference for understanding the nutritional properties and potential applications of rice bran oil and γ-oryzanol. However, further research is needed to explore the health effects and mechanisms of RBO in different populations.

To accelerate the construction of secure, green, and intelligent granaries and to enhance the level of modern management, green grain storage technologies have ushered in new developments under the backdrop of technological empowerment and the vigorous development of new production forces. This study took Wuhan National Rice Trading Center Co., Ltd. as an example reviewed and evaluated three new temperature control technologies, including photovoltaic off grid power supply technology air conditioning system, vertical thermal cortex temperature control technology in grain silos, zero energy radiation refrigeration technology, and three new insect control and insecticidal technologies by using spinosad, S-methoprene or food grade inert powder. Additionally, it was recommended to take the thermal insulation and cold insulation measures of the warehouse as the basis for the transformation of quasi low temperature warehouses, and use green grain storage technologies as the main means, such as air conditioning temperature control technology or modified atmosphere storage technology. The above new green grain storage technologies should be comprehensively applied to meet the requirements of quasi low temperature grain storage, non-fumigation grain storage, and smart grain storage. This study aimed to provide relevant references for grain storage enterprises to carry out research on the application of green grain storage new technologies.

ObjectiveTo investigate the levels of neutralizing antibodies against the novel coronavirus in the serum of elderly individuals aged 60 years and above in Shanghai’s Changning District, following natural infection and mixed immunity, in order to provide a basis for strengthening immunity in the elderly.MethodsElderly people who participated in free health check-ups at 10 community health service centers in Changning District from May to June 2023 were selected as the subjects. Information such as gender, age, COVID-19 infection history, COVID-19 vaccine immunization history, and chronic disease history were collected. Serum samples of the subjects were collected and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was performed by magnetic particle chemiluminescence method. The antibody levels of different populations were analyzed.ResultsA total of 620 subjects were included, 586 of whom (241 males and 345 females) met the study conditions. There were 90 people in the full vaccination + infection group, 224 people in the intensive vaccination + infection group, and 272 people in the unvaccinated + infection group. The positive rates of COVID-19 antibody in the three groups were 94.44% (95%CI: 87.51%‒98.17%), 95.98% (95%CI:92.51%‒98.15%) and 22.06% (95%CI: 17.28%‒27.46%), respectively. The positive rates in full vaccination + infection group and intensive vaccination + infection group was significantly higher than that in unvaccinated + infection group (χ2=147.561,P

To address the optimal inertia allocation after replacing the moment of inertia with virtual inertia in power systems， a method for virtual inertia allocation based on grey wolf optimization （GWO） is proposed. Firstly， the demand for inertia in high-proportion renewable energy power systems is determined. Secondly， considerations include factors such as frequency stability and investment cost of virtual inertia. An optimal model for virtual inertia allocation is constructed with critical inertia， rate of change of frequency （RoCoF）， and maximum frequency deviation as constraints， as well as with the objective of minimizing the frequency safety index and investment cost. The GWO is employed to solve the model. Finally， simulation analysis is conducted using the modified WSCC 9-bus system and IEEE 39-bus system as examples. The results validate the effectiveness and universality of the proposed method.

DC circuit breakers， as one of the vital devices for fault clearance in DC power systems， significantly influence the secure and stable operation of the system. Given the problem that most circuit breakers lack fault current limiting capability and are comparably expensive， this paper proposes a design for a capacitive high voltage DC circuit breaker incorporating a current limiting function. By utilizing the charging and discharging characteristics of capacitors， current limiting reactors and lightning arresters can be switched， significantly reducing the peak value of fault current. The extensively used IGBTs in conventional DC circuit breakers are replaced by capacitors， effectively reducing the cost while retaining the current cutout capability. A single-ended equivalent model is developed using PSCAD/EMTDC software， and simulation is conducted. The simulation results show that， compared with traditional high-voltage DC circuit breakers， the proposed scheme reduces the peak value of fault current and shortens the fault isolation time. It demonstrates pleasing performance.

Objective The impact of small clearance construction between bored piles and piers of operational rail transit bridges in China′s coastal soft soil areas is becoming a bottleneck factor restricting urban rail transit planning and construction. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of small clearance bored pile construction on the deformation of surrounding strata and bridge piers. Method Taking an ongoing project of urban road pile-slab structure under passing the rail transit bridge in Zhejiang Prov. as example, through designing soil lateral deformation monitoring tests and building a displacement smart monitoring system for bridge and piers, the coordinated deformation characteristics between deep soft soil strata and inclinometer boreholes are analyzed, together with the impact law of bored pile construction on the deformation of surrounding strata and bridge piers. Result & Conclusion To ensure good coordination in deformation between inclinometer boreholes and strata, inclinometer boreholes in soft soil areas should remain for 6 days after the completion of construction. The sensitivity of the silt layer to the construction loading and unloading process is high, resulting in the maximum deformation of soft soil strata induced by construction. Under construction conditions, the deformation amplitude of the bridge piers in three directions is about 2 to 3 times that of non-construction conditions. The drilling excavation process and concrete pouring process have a significant disturbance effect on the depth direction of bridge piers. Therefore, the monitoring focus of construction beneath operational rail transit bridges should be put on vertical displacement.

【Objective】Traditional Free Space Optical (FSO) communication requires both ends of the communication to be installed at the same time, including the laser transmitting system, laser receiving system and acquisition, tracking and aiming system. It results in the problems of weight, volume, power consumption, and equipment complexity, thus limiting the development of FSO communication. Using the passive modulation technology constructed by asymmetric space laser communication link, the design of small volume, light weight and low power consumption of the communication terminal is successfully realized, which provides convenience for the application of small and medium-sized space laser communication technology.【Methods】In this paper, the research status of passive modulation at home and abroad is reviewed, which is mainly summarized abroad. In addition, the composition of the reverse modulation system and the working principle of the reverse modulator are described. Common Modulated Retro-Reflector (MRR) such as angle reflector reverse modulator and cat’s eye reverse modulator are analyzed. The selection of wavelength and the size of optical receiver aperture are discussed.【Results】This paper summarizes the different implementation types and characteristics of passive modulation, summarizes the application of passive modulation in FSO communication, and looks forward to the future development direction and prospect of this technology.【Conclusion】In the future, passive modulation can be developed along the direction of high speed, focal plane pixelation, two-way communication, coherent detection, and there is a lot of room for development. This paper can provide a reference direction for the research of passive modulation and a new idea for the research of FSO communication.

Objective: To solve the problems of low accuracy and low efficiency, high labor intensity and high production cost of fresh fruit manual sorting in China. Methods: A new dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine was developed based on the fruit weight classification method. This machine operated by initially collecting the weight of fruit through a high-precision weighing unit. The data collected was then processed in conjunction with a signal processing module and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The processed data controlled an actuator, specifically a launcher, to execute the sorting based on the fruit's weight. This machine was capable of continuously performing loading, weighing (diameter ≤126 mm). Results: When the separation efficiency was 18 327, 14 400, 10 473 PCS/h, the average separation accuracy was 95.31%, 96.12%, 97.13%, and the damage rate was 1.09%, 1.11%, 1.15%, respectively. Fruit sorting speed significantly affected the sorting accuracy, but had no significant effect on fruit damage rate. Conclusion: The new dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine can effectively improve the efficiency of fruit sorting and reduce the damage to fruit under the premise of keeping the sorting accuracy >95%.

Cobalt-chromium-nickel (Co-Cr-Ni) alloys were prepared by two techniques of the sub-rapid solidification (SRS) and vacuum sintering (VS). The effects of the preparation processing and the content of Cr, Ni on the microstructure evolution were investigated in detail. Results show samples under SRS present a typical dual-phase dendrite microstructure of the face centered cubic (γ-fcc) crystal and the hexagonal closest packing (ε-hcp) crystal, which is independent of the raw material composition. The γ-fcc phase forms in dendrite arms, while the ε-hcp phase forms in inter-dendrites. With the increase of the solidification rate, the secondary dendrite spacing decreases. The main solute elements Cr and Ni take segregation between the two phases of γ-fcc and ε-hcp. Cr concentrates in inter-dendrites, and Ni exists in dendrite arms. The microstructure of cobalt chromium nickel alloy prepared by VS is determined by its composition, and the sintered body of low nickel content alloy is single-phase ε-hcp structure, the grains exhibit a sharp coarsening characteristic with the increase of sintering temperature. The sintered body of high nickel content alloy is γ-fcc+ ε-hcp dual phase structure, the grains are small and γ-fcc phase exhibits obvious twinning and stacking fault structures. Compared with the casted alloy, the sintered alloy exhibits a marked improvement in the uniform plastic elongation. The dislocation defect is the prime microstructural unit that promotes the improvement in the mechanical property of the sintered alloy with the single-phase structure of ε-hcp, while the defects of the crystal twins and stacking faults are considered as the key factors determining both the strength and toughness for those with the dual-phase structure of ε-hcp and γ-fcc.

The composition of high-damage-tolerance dual-phase TC21 (Ti-6Al-2Zr-2Sn-2Mo-2Nb-1.5Cr) were analyzed on the basis of the dual-cluster formula of Ti-6Al-4V, consisting of 13 α-Ti and 4 β-Ti unit. Its β-Ti unit is reduced from 5 to 4 compared with Ti-6Al-4V, while adding more β-stabilizing elements to enhance the strength and plasticity. Subsequently, the atoms of each β-stabilizing element within the β-Ti cluster formula of TC21 were proportioned equally to increase the mixing entropy, and more Zr content was increased to substantially enhance the β-phase stability, giving the cluster formula as α-{[Al-Ti12](AlTi2)}13+β-{[(Al-(Ti12Zr2)]Sn0.75Mo0.75Nb0.75Cr0.75}4(atom fraction), named as TC21Z2, with the corresponding mass fraction of Ti-5.9Al-5.4Zr-2.6Sn-2.1Mo-2.0Nb-1.1Cr. The samples were prepared by using vacuum copper mold pouring process and the as-cast microstructure and tensile mechanical properties of the alloy were studied.Results show that the as-cast microstructure of TC21Z2 is composed of α+α' martensite+ a small amount of β phases, and its ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation are 1289, 1181 MPa and 1.4%, respectively. Its strength and plasticity are better than those of the TC21 at the same state.

Nowadays, the demand of consumers and industrial users for satellite-terrestrial integrated communications is evolving to achieve seamless coverage and anytime, anywhere access, and the integration of satellite and terrestrial communication capabilities will be the development direction of future mobile phones. The application scenarios for direct-to-handset connectivity, domestic and international development paths, and related technical solutions were introduced. Subsequently, the network architecture and key technology for realizing direct-to-handset connectivity with respect to the 3GPP NTN standard scheme were analyzed. The requirements and potential improvement schemes for multi-mode terminals in satellite communication scenarios in terms of integrated design, antenna capabilities, voice capabilities and power saving, were also identified. Finally, by exploring the key regulatory challenges (e.g. radio-frequency spectrum) related to direct-to-handset communications, feasible pathways for the future development of satellite-terrestrial integrated terminals were provided.

[Objective] In order to investigate the mechanism of mechanical effect of root-soil complex and the application of modeling method. [Methods] The concept and connotation of root-soil complex, the principle of mechanical effect and mechanical model of root-soil complex, advantages and disadvantages as well as the scope of application were summarized and analyzed by using literature analysis method and comparative analysis method. [Results] (1) The root-soil complex was a composite whole of mechanical coupling effect between root system and soil body, and the root system was intertwined in soil playing a reinforced role. (2) The mechanical relationship between root system and soil body was essentially the result of soil mechanical, hydraulic and composite mechanical properties of root-soil complex. The soil mechanical and hydraulic properties focused on the influence of roots on the soil and the influence of water on the soil and root system respectively, and the composite mechanical properties focused on the direct influence of soil properties on the properties and structure of plant roots, so that the mechanical relationship between roots and soil was in a dynamic balance through the three. (3) The study of the composite mechanical model of the root-soil complex was slightly less than that of the soil mechanical and hydraulic model, which were based on quantitative parameters and measure the soil consolidation effect by comparing parameters. However, the composite mechanical properties involves both soil and hydraulic properties, which was a comprehensive consideration and should be the key research direction in the future. [Conclusion] In-depth research was needed in the future to investigate the effects of freeze-thaw cycle, dry-wet alternation and dry-hot cycle on root and soil interaction in different regions, the shear strength of multi-type plant mixtures, the influence mechanism of chemical and microbial effects on soil-water propertiess and the construction of composite models need to be further studied. This study can provide important theoretical value and engineering reference for vegetation restoration, soil and water conservation and sustainable development in ecologically fragile areas.

[Objective] Due to the large differences in understorey vegetation and soil physicochemical properties of Larix gmelinii forest in the cold temperate zone of the Rreater Khingan Mountains, the characteristics and availability of soil phosphorus morphological changes of Larix gmelinii forest under different forests were studied, so as to provide scientific data for scientific evaluation of soil phosphorus supply level and phosphorus cycle in the cold temperate zone forest. [Methods] Four kinds of understory vegetation in the cold temperate zone of the Greater Khingan Mountains, namely, Larix gmelinii forest (Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest, Rhododendron tomentosum-Larix gmelinii forest, Carex schmidtii-Larix gmelinii forest and Moss-Larix gmelinii forest) were selected as the research objects. Soil samples from the 0—5 cm, 5—10 cm and 10—20 cm soil layer were collected from June, August and October 2022. Hedley phosphorus classification method was used to determine the phosphorus content of different forms in soil. [Results] (1) During the observation period, soil active phosphorus (H2O—Pi, NaHCO3—Pi, NaHCO3—Po) and medium active phosphorus (NaOH—Pi, NaOH—Po) of the four understorey vegetation Larix gmelinii forest showed a decrease trend from June to October, and the content of medium active phosphorus accounted for 30.08% to 52.80% of total phosphorus.The content of inorganic phosphorus was higher than that of organic phosphorus. The content of active phosphorus and medium active phosphorus in 0—20 cm soil layer of Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest and Rhododendron tomentosum-Larix gmelinii forest were higher than those of the Carex schmidtii-Larix gmelinii forest and Moss-Larix gmelinii forest. The soil stability phosphorus (HCl—Pi, HCl—Po, and residual—P) in the Carex schmidtii-Larix gmelinii forest was significantly higher than that in the other three larix forests, and the stable state phosphorus accounted for 58.86%～65.81% of the total phosphorus. (2) Soil total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP) and phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) in Larix gmelinii forest were 391.81 to 1 081.02, 7.34 to 83.90 mg/kg, and 1.62% to 7.76% from June to October, respectively. The content of AP and PAC in the soil of the Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest and Rhododendron tomentosum-Larix gmelinii forest were higher than those of the other two larix forests, showing higher phosphorus availability. On the other hand, there was insufficient phosphorus supply in the soil layer of the Carex schmidtii -Larix gmelinii forest and Moss-Larix gmelinii forest from 5—10 cm and 10—20 cm in August and October. (3) Soil moisture contentwas the main influencing factor of soil phosphorus in the Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest and the Rhododendron tomentosum-Larix gmelinii forest, soluble carbon was the main influencing factor of the Carex schmidtii-Larix gmelinii forest, and ammonium nitrogen had a greater influence on the Moss-Larix gmelinii forest. [Conclusion] Understory vegetation had a significant effect on soil phosphorus morphological form and phosphorus availability in Larix gmelinii forest. The content of active phosphorus, medium active phosphorus and available phosphorus in the soil of Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest and Rhododendron tomentosum-Larix gmelinii forest was higher, and the activation coefficients of P were all above 2.00%; However, the content of stable phosphorus in soil of the Carex schmidtii-Larix gmelinii forest was higher, and the availability of soil phosphorus was lower. This results are of great significance for the study of ecological function of understory vegetation and soil nutrient cycle in the cold temperate forest ecosystem.

Abstract [Objective] During a survey of forest germplasm resources in the Yangjifeng National Nature Reserve in northeastern Jiangxi, China, in 2021, the authors discovered a plant belonging to the Crassulaceae family and Sedum L. genus. This species differed from previously reported plants of the same genus, and this paper discusses and determines its taxonomic status. [Methods] Multiple populations in Yangjifeng were tracked, and detailed observations and morphological comparisons were conducted at different phenological stages to distinguish commonalities and unique traits. Additionally, its national distribution was determined through literature review and specimen examination. [Results] The species had a lotus-shaped nutritive branch in the seedling stage, which was most similar to Sedum subtile Miq. Distinguishing features included well-developed and trinodal sterile branches, 5 to 16 flowers per branch on the flower stem, and spatulate-lanceolate bracts in the former, while the latter had slender sterile branches with alternate or opposite leaves, 3 to 5 flowers per branch on the flower stem, and linear bracts. [Conclusion] The study indicated that this was a new species, and was named Sedum fluviale B. Chen & Z. W. Zhu. It was specifically found in stream environments and had a broad distribution, including provinces such as Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Hunan, and Guizhou. There had been numerous instances of misidentifications in the past. The holotype specimen was stored at the Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium (CSH).

[Objective] Carbon capture, utilization and storage(CCUS) is an indispensable technology for achieving carbon neutrality,and CO2 pipeline transmission is a significant component of this technology. In the process of supercritical CO2 pipeline transmission,unintentional pipeline leakage or venting operations may cause localized low temperatures in the trunk pipelines and vent piping due to the strong throttling effect caused by CO2, resulting in dry ice that blocks the pipeline and makes it brittle. [Methods] In the study, the OLGA software was utilized to develop a high-pressure CO2 pipeline relief model. The simulation results obtained from the model were then compared against foreign experimental data. The comparative analysis indicated that the OLGA software provided relatively accurate calculations for pressure drop and tended to be more conservative in calculating temperature drop. These findings supported the software's suitability for performing calculations related to the design of CO2 pipelines. Building upon this foundation, a long-distance high-pressure CO2 pipeline venting model was established to simulate and analyze the effects of different valve openings, initial temperatures, and initial pressures on temperature decrease, phase state changes, and venting duration during the CO2 pipeline venting process. [Results] It was revealed that reducing the vent valve opening effectively prevented excessively low temperatures within the pipeline during venting. Under the venting simulation conditions selected for this study, 13.5% valve opening effectively prevented dry ice formation, and the valve opening below 4.5% could maintain the pipeline temperature at higher than-30 ℃. The venting process of the high-pressure CO2 pipeline exhibited low convective heat transfer intensity and significant temperature drops, predominantly observed away from the relief port. The initial temperature had a substantial impact on the temperature in the pipeline during venting. More specifically, a lower initial temperature resulted in a decrease in the temperature in the pipeline during venting, increasing the likelihood of dry ice formation. [Conclusion] Therefore, in engineering practice, it is crucial to focus on fuid temperature in sections far from the relief port along the trunk pipelines and automatically reduce the vent valve opening in response to temperature drops, aiming to slow down the temperature drop rate during the venting process. Special attention should be paid to protecting CO2 pipelines, especially when operating under low-temperature dense phase conditions.

The advancement of large models offers new perspectives and foundation intelligence for building parallel human ecosystems comprised of biological humans, digital humans, and robotic humans. However, challenges such as time-limited updates to knowledge, inadequate specialized capabilities, and risks of information privacy leakage persist in the management and control of complex systems. To tackle these issues, a retrieval-augmented generation-driven parallel human and parallel intelligence framework (RAG-PHI) is introduced. It proposes to establish an open data platform that facilitates the integration of real-time, industry-specific, and private knowledge into the parallel human system. It develops dynamic routing and retrieval for context capture and the reconfiguration of parallel human capabilities, along with introducing context-aware prompt learning to enhance cognitive and behavioral skills. Furthermore, towards the organization and management, training and evaluation, operation and production of parallel human, the structures of parallel human community, parallel human school, and parallel human factory are proposed by the RAG-PHI architecture. These are designed to foster a parallel human ecosystem powered by RAG and large foundation models, thereby enhancing productivity in the age of intelligent industries.

The combination of anti-angiogenesis, immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) and chemotherapy(target-immune-chemo) has achieved initial results in the comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer. Experimental studies have shown that among various determinants of tumor immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in affecting ICIs efficacy. The biological mechanism leading to immunosuppressive TME is multi-factorial and very complex, but one of clear and important mechanisms is the influence of abnormal neoangiogenesis in tumors. The use of low-dose targeted tumor angiogenesis drugs (such as anti-VEGF /VEGFR monoclonal antibody, etc.) is expected to make tumor vessels normalization and reverse immunosuppressive TME to immunesupportive TME, so as to play synergistic, complementary, anti-tumor effects with ICIs and chemotherapy drugs. Perioperative treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) has become an indispensable and important strategy in surgical comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer. In recent years, a therapeutic combination regimen of anti-angiogenesis, ICIs and chemotherapy (target-immune-chemo) has been clinically applied in the perioperative treatment of LAGC, and the preliminary efficacy [pathologic complete response(pCR), major pathological response(MPR), tumor regression grade(TRG) and treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs), etc.] has shown encouraging results. This article reviewed the relevant clinical research results and made a summary and analysis.

ObjectiveTo conduct comprehensive assessment of internal and external cadmium exposure and health risks for Shanghai residents.MethodsCadmium levels in food samples were calculated by employing two dietary exposure assessment methods， total diet study （TDS） and food frequency questionnaire （FFQ）， to estimate the daily dietary cadmium exposure of Shanghai residents. The provisional tolerable monthly intake （PTMI） of cadmium set by joint food and agriculture organization/WHO expert committee on food additives （JECFA） was applied to evaluate the health risk. Differences in dietary and urinary cadmium were compared by rank-sum test among different regions， age， gender， smoking status， and BMI groups， and the association between internal and external cadmium exposure was investigated by correlation analysis.ResultsThe mean value of urinary cadmium for 1 300 respondents was 0.542 μg·L-1. Urinary cadmium was higher in the population in central urban and urban-rural fringe areas than in the suburban area， higher in the older age group than in the younger age group， and higher in the smoking group than in the non-smoking group （all P

Accurate identification of the topology in a distribution network is crucial for its operation and control. Addressing the dynamic changes in the actual topology of distribution networks， an intelligent deep learning model capable of recognizing distribution network topologies was developed. Firstly， measurement data for distribution networks under different topologies were generated， followed by data preprocessing. Subsequently， an intelligent topology identification model was constructed， integrating convolutional neural network （CNN）， long short-term memory network （LSTM）， and Attention mechanism. The model was trained and tested using historical measurement data. Finally， in simulation scenarios using the IEEE 33-node and PG&E69-node distribution systems， the superiority of this CNN-LSTM-Attention-based topology identification method over traditional approaches in terms of identification accuracy was validated， and online application of the model was achieved.

The MCrAlY(M=Ni, Co or NiCo)has become a widely used bond-coat material of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) due to its advantages of high-temperature oxidation resistance and high thermal expansion coefficient, with the continuous increase in turbine inlet temperature of aero engines and gas turbines. However, the stress distribution at the interface between the bond and top coating in thermal barrier coatings becomes more complicated under a high-temperature service environment. The failure of the bond-coat leads to the spalling of the top coating, which limits the development of the thermal protection coating field. The development process of the bond-coat was briefly described.The failure behavior of the bond-coat interface due to high-temperature phase transition, increased thermal and growth stresses, and S-element diffusion was focused on, and the failure mechanism of the bond-coat interface was analyzed. The research on improving the bond-coat interface failure at home and abroad was summarized. The synergistic strengthening of MCrAlY by rare earth and nanoparticles is proposed, which provides a research direction for the future optimization design of thermal bond-coat systems.

With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the number of electric vehicle users in industrial parks is increasing, and their charging and discharging behaviors pose great challenges to the planning and operation of park integrated energy system (PIES). A two-layer optimal scheduling of PIES considering the charging and discharging willingness of electric vehicles is proposed. Firstly, a charging and discharging willingness model is established based on factors such as dynamic real-time electricity price, battery charge capacity, battery loss compensation, and additional participation incentives. An improved electric vehicle charging and discharging model is obtained on this basis. A two-layer optimal scheduling model is established with the goal of minimizing the charging cost of the car, and the inner model is transformed into the constraints of the outer model through the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition, so as to quickly and stably solve the single-layer model. Finally, the simulation solution is performed, and three different scenarios are set up. The proposed model is compared with the general charging and discharging willingness model. The effectiveness and feasibility of the two-layer optimal scheduling of PIES proposed in this paper are verified.

Hepatitis E virus （HEV） is a universal foodborne pathogen that infects swine， deer， rabbits， camels， and other animals. Direct contact with infected pigs and other animals or consumption of contaminated food （uncooked or undercooked） poses a risk of HEV infection in humans. This article summarizes the etiology and epidemiology of HEV， its prevalence in various animal species， and the contamination of meat and meat products， the aquatic environment， seafood， vegetables， and other crops. Therefore， people can better understand the risk of foodborne HEV transmission and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling its prevalence.

BackgroundU3Si2 is regarded as one of the most promising accident-tolerant nuclear fuels for light water reactors and is expected to replace the UO2 nuclear fuel in the future. Currently, spark plasma sintering (SPS) is an advanced technique for preparing U3Si2 pellets; however, the influence of SPS parameters on the performance of the pellets is unclear.PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of different sintering parameters (temperature and pressure) on the mechanical and thermal properties of the U3Si2 pellets prepared using SPS technology.MethodsThe thermal diffusivity of U3Si2 pellets was measured using a laser flash apparatus, and the thermal conductivity of the pellets was calculated. The mechanical properties of the pellets, including hardness, Young's modulus, and fracture toughness, were measured using nanoindenter. Thereafter, the influence of different sintering temperatures in the range of 1 000~1 300 ℃ and pressures in the range of 30~90 MPa on the mechanical and thermal properties of U3Si2 pellets were carefully examined.ResultsThe measurement results show that the thermal conductivity of the as-synthesized pellets increases linearly with temperature in the range 27~700 ℃. Moreover, increasing the sintering temperature and pressure improves the thermal conductivity of the U3Si2 pellets. The hardness and Young's modulus of the pellets increase with an increase in sintering temperature. They also exhibit a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing with increasing pressure, and tend to fully stabilize at 60 MPa. Moreover, the fracture toughness of the pellets decreases with the increase of sintering temperature and increases with increasing pressure.ConclusionsBased on the above results, optimized SPS parameters for the U3Si2 pellets are proposed, and this study provides a reference for the preparation of high-performance U3Si2 pellets.

Cistanche deserticola is one of the precious traditional Chinese medicines that can be eaten fresh. Its highly active life and zoning restrictions cause it to brown, soften, and even mildew when being transported and stored. The processing technology and preservation and storage techniques were analyzed by thoroughly reading literatures in this field. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of different processing methods were analyzed, and the development direction of C. deserticola processing technology was prospected.

[Objective] Phosphorus absorption and utilization by plants mainly depend on phosphorus transporters, among which the low-affinity phosphorus transporters encoded by the PHT2 family are responsible for the absorption, transport and reuse of phosphate by plants under normal phosphorus conditions. We aim to explore the role and expression pattern of NtPHT2;1 gene in tobacco phosphate transport, and to cultivate new tobacco varieties with efficient phosphorus utilization through NtPHT2;1. [Methods] We cloned NtPHT2;1 using the cDNA of a common tobacco K326 as a template, and conducted bioinformatics analysis and subcellular localization analysis of the protein. The expression pattern of this gene under abiotic stress including low phosphorus were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative PCR. [Results] (1) The total length of NtPHT2;1 gene was 1 764 bp, encoding 587 amino acids. (2) NtPHT2;1 protein was localized to chloroplast. (3) The homology between NtPHT2;1 and CaPHT2;1 protein was 91%. (4) Nt- PHT2;1 promoter contains cis-acting elements involved in the regulation of plant aging and stress. (5) The expression of NtPHT2;1 was the highest in leaves, and expression in new leaves was higher than that in old leaves. There was no significant difference in the expression of this gene under low phosphorus compared with normal conditions. (6) The expression of this gene was decreased significantly under salt stress and drought stress. [Conclusion] NtPHT2;1 gene is involved in phosphate transport and utilization in growth and development of tobacco plants.

Objective·To explore the role of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) in osteochondral regeneration.Methods·Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and knee joint chondrocytes were obtained from New Zealand rabbits. A-PRF was obtained by low-speed centrifugation of the heart blood of rabbits. The histological structure of A-PRF was observed by an optical microscope. The release of growth factors in A-PRF was detected by ELISA, including platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, insulin-like growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor. A-PRF's cytotoxicity and capability for promoting the proliferation of rabbit BMSCs were detected by live/dead double staining and MTT methods. The effect of A-PRF on the gene expression of type Ⅱ collagen, aggrecan, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) in rabbit BMSCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Transwell chambers were used to determine the effect of A-PRF on the migration ability of rabbit BMSCs and the chondrocytes. Rabbit knee osteochondral defect models were established, and 18 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. The A-PRF group (n=6) was implanted with A-PRF in the defect, the A-PRF+BMSCs group (n=6) was implanted with rabbit BMSCs on A-PRF, and the control group (n=6) did not undergo implantation. The rabbits were sacrificed 12 weeks after surgery and the knee joint specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), toluidine blue and safranin O/fast green. Based on the surface morphology and histology of the knee joints, the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scoring system was used for macroscopic and histological scoring.Results·A-PRF had a loose network structure and can slowly release growth factors. No cytotoxicity to rabbit BMSCs was observed after adding A-PRF, and the the capability for promoting the proliferation of rabbit BMSCs was significantly increased at 24, 48 and 72 h after adding A-PRF (all P

CoCrFeNi-(Nb, Ta) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were prepared by a vacuum arc melting process, and the synergistic effect of Nb and Ta concentrations on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties was investigated in detail. Nb and Ta concentrations in the HEAs affect the microstructure compositions, eutectic phase lamella spacings, Laves phase size topographies, phase volume fractions and compositions. The alloy with an equal atomic ratio of Nb/Ta show an eutectic microstructure of the face centered cubic (FCC) crystal matrix and Laves phase, while those with non-equal atomic ratio of Nb/Ta exhibit the microstructure of the eutectic (FCC+Laves) phase and primary Laves phase. The volume fraction and grain size of the primary Laves phase monotonically increase with the increase of Nb/Ta atomic ratio. The compressive yield strength of HEAs is monotonously improved with the volume fraction of Laves phase, whereas the ultimate strength is hardly affected by the microstructure composition. Compression plasticity is negatively correlated with the volume fraction, type, and size distribution of Laves phase. The strengthening mechanism of CoCrFeNi-(Nb, Ta) HEAs was analyzed with theoretical calculation, and the relationship between the microstructure composition and the alloy strengths was established. The results indicate that the fine-grain strengthening and second phase strengthening of Laves phase are the main factors for the improvement of yield strength.

Objective To investigate the effect of the socket-shield technique (SST) concurrent with immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) in the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A case of maxillary anterior tooth stumps with a thin labial bone wall was treated with SST for preservation of labial soft and hard tissue fullness, combined with an immediate implant placement and immediate provisional crown for restoring the shape of the tooth and gingival molding. Results Immediate implant placement and provisionalization restored the morphology and function of the affected tooth in the shortest possible time. The patient's labial soft and hard tissue contours in the affected tooth area were well preserved in the 18-month follow-up after the application of the SST, which presented a better aesthetic result. The literature review indicates that the indications for SST are unrestorable maxillary anterior teeth, whose dental, periodontal and periapical tissues are healthy and intact. In the esthetic zone, root shielding is effective in maintaining the soft and hard tissue contour on the labial side of the implant. However, there is no consensus on the technical details of SST, such as the ideal coronal height and thickness of the shield, and the management of the gap between the shield and the implant. Thus, more clinical studies and histologic evidence are needed to provide a reference for clinical decision-making. In addition, digital technology can improve the accuracy of implant placement and shield preparation. Conclusion The correct application of SST combined with IIPP in the esthetic zone can ensure esthetic results. However, more high-quality evidence-based medical evidence is needed for its long-term efficacy, and indications should be strictly controlled during clinical application.

Provincial-level natural resources survey and monitoring play a crucial role in the national natural resources survey and monitoring system. Constructing a provincial-level system is essential for effectively implementing the national survey and monitoring work. However, the construction of such a system in Guangdong Province, a typical tropical and subtropical coastal region with diverse natural resources and distinctive geographical characteristics, presents significant challenges. This study focuses on addressing several problems encountered in Guangdong Province, including the lack of optical image data due to the region's cloudy and rainy climate, fragmented monitoring patches resulting from complex terrain and landforms, rapid changes in the surface caused by high-intensity human activities, and the difficulty in managing a wide range of monitoring objects. By clarifying the goals of natural resources survey and monitoring, this study systematically reviews the status and practical needs of a provincial-level survey and monitoring work and summarizes the key issues in the construction of the survey and monitoring system. This study proposes an overall construction plan for a provincial-level system that includes establishing a unified basic platform, which aids in implementing a fast and coordinated monitoring mode, developing flexible and efficient application services, and strengthening intensive and refined support environments. It also analyzes critical challenges, such as organizational model restructuring, accurate object recognition, and technological integration. Finally, this study presents a path to achieve the provincial-level natural resources survey and monitoring, focusing on object-based businesses, information implementation, technological intelligence, targeted evaluation, and service knowledge. Regarding investigation targets, this study emphasizes adopting a "business-oriented" approach, enhancing the alignment of investigation and monitoring with precise business strategies and facilitating bidirectional feedback. Regarding organizational implementation, this study emphasizes strengthening support through "information technology," establishing provincial-level coordination and a municipal and county-level division of labor model, commonly referred to as the "general-subordinate-general" organizational structure. Regarding monitoring technology, this study emphasizes adopting an "intelligence-led" approach; it is primarily centering on pivotal technological research related to collaborative perception, intelligent processing, integrated management, and intelligent services. Regarding analysis and evaluation, this study emphasizes a "target-oriented" approach, centered around supporting economic and social development and optimizing natural resource management through comprehensive analysis and evaluation. Regarding application services, this study emphasizes delivering "knowledge-based" services and exploring the development of a model that encompasses the knowledge ontology of natural resource investigation and monitoring. This study promotes the orderly construction of a survey and monitoring system in Guangdong Province, provides a scientific basis for provincial-level natural resource surveys and monitoring work and serves as a reference for the construction of survey and monitoring systems in other regions.

Objective: To analyze the effect of apples of different fruit diameters on differential pressure precooling under the same box. Methods: Based on the spherical analogy model and heat transfer theory, the CFD unsteady SST k-ω turbulence model was used to numerically simulate the differential pressure precooling of apples with different air supply air speed, temperature, box opening size and fruit diameter, and three different working conditions were selected for accuracy. The simulation scheme of mixed orthogonal test was used to discuss the effects of different factors and different fruit diameters on the cooling rate and pre-cooling uniformity. Results: The lower of the air supply temperature was, the faster the wind speed was, the smaller of the apple diameter was, and the faster of the cooling rate it was. The higher of the supply air temperature was, the faster the wind speed was, the larger of the opening was, and the better of the uniformity of precooling it was. Based on the comparison of orthogonal test results, the effect of fruit diameter on differential pressure precooling was significant. Conclusion: Apple fruit size has the greatest influence on the cooling rate and uniformity of pre-cooling, and reasonable packaging and stacking methods need to be adopted for apples with different fruit diameters.

Acoustic liner is an important component to reduce engine noise. In this work, the modal sound source characteristics of the pipeline under different flow fields were calculated and used as the input boundary for the background flow field calculation and sound propagation calculation of the Actran software, thereby establishing the sound propagation model. The influences of four structural parameters on the sound absorption effect of the muffler plate hole diameter, hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler plate thickness in the single-DOF acoustic liner and the double-DOF acoustic liner were studied respectively. The simulation results show that both degrees of freedom acoustic liners exhibit the phenomenon that the smaller the perforation diameter, the better the sound absorption performance within a certain range of hole diameter. The effects of hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler thickness on the sound absorption performance are varied with frequency, the double-DOF acoustic liner above 2500 Hz has large dissipation power and good sound absorption effect. Through the contrast verification in the flow tube test, the transmission loss of the acoustic liner of different structures under different excitation sources is compared, and a reasonable and credible simulation method is obtained.

Objective·To explore the significance and mechanism of asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) in hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods·The expression of ASGR1 in patients with liver cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed by R language and the related survival curves were drawn. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was used to obtain the immunohistochemistry (IHC) data of normal human liver tissue and liver cancer tissue to analyze the protein expression of ASGR1. By using the hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HTVI) delivery method, Asgr1 was knocked out in the liver of fully immune mice to explore its tumorigenic function in vivo. Gene knockout efficiency was verified by Western blotting (WB). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and correlation analysis were performed by using R language. The GSEA hallmark correlation pathway analysis was performed by using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) software. The expression level of key genes of glycolysis in mouse liver cancer tissue was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).Results·ASGR1 was significantly low-expressed in liver cancer tissue, and the low expression of ASGR1 in liver cancer patients was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), disease-free interval (DFI), progression-free interval (PFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS). The higher the degree of tumor grade, the lower the expression level of ASGR1 in patients with liver cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed that the protein expression of ASGR1 in normal human liver tissue was significantly higher than that in liver cancer tissue. In an immunocompetent mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma, knockout of endogenous Asgr1 in mice increased the size and number of tumor nodules in liver tissue. In the TCGA database, patients with liver cancer in the ASGR1 low-expression group were enriched in multiple cancer and metabolic pathways. The expression of ASGR1 was negatively correlated with some key genes of glycolysis. The level of glycolysis in liver cancer tissues of mice in the Asgr1 knockout group was higher than that in the control group. It was suggested that the low expression of ASGR1 be likely to promote the growth and development of liver cancer and strengthen metabolic reprogramming to promote the anabolic development of tumors.Conclusion·The expression of ASGR1 is significantly reduced in patients with liver cancer, which is positively correlated with the prognosis of patients. Knocking out Asgr1 in mice can promote the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. ASGR1 can be used as a potential biomarker for poor prognosis of liver cancer and a new target for potential treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of laryngeal mask anesthesia and tracheal intubation anesthesia for pediatric laparoscopic hernia surgery anesthesia. MethodsThe research subjects were 100 children with inguinal hernia admitted to Childrens Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022. The patients were randomly divided into the observation group （laryngeal mask anesthesia） and the control group （tracheal intubation anesthesia）, 50 cases in each group. The treatment effect and complication of two groups were compared. ResultsThe treatment effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant （96.0%vs80.0%, χ2=6.061, P＜0.05）. After anesthesia, systolic pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure in observation group were significantly better than those in control group （P＜0.05）. The complication rate in observation group was lower than that in control group, with a statistically significant difference （4.0%vs20.0%, χ2=6.061, P＜0.05）. ConclusionCompared with tracheal intubation anesthesia, laryngeal mask anesthesia has achieved good results in the treatment of hernia in children, significantly improved the overall treatment efficiency and anesthesia hemodynamic index, reduced the complication rate of children.

The researches on the diffusion of key nuclide Se in Beishan granite, which is the pre-selected surrounding rock of China’s high-level radioactive waste geological repository, were summarized, including research methods, relevant data obtained and work to be carried out. Moreover, the influence of temperature on the diffusion of 75Se(Ⅳ) in Beishan granite and the possible influence mechanism were analyzed emphatically, in order to provide useful references for domestic peers.

Objective To explore the gait characteristics prior to the step initiation in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 20 patients diagnosed with early PD admitted to Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021, and 22 normal controls with normal cognitive and motor function matched by gender, age, body mass index (BMI) and education were included. The gait characters in the initial step stage [anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) duration, fowward APAs peak, lateral APAs peak] and the first step period (first step duration, first step swing angle), as well as the gait characters in the walking stage (step speed and stride length) during the 7 m Stand and Walk Test (7MSAW) were recorded by gait analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the value of gait characteristics in diagnosis of early PD. Results The APAs duration in early PD group was longer than that in control group (Z = ⁃ 4.853, P = 0.000), and the forward APAs peak was lower than that in control group (Z = ⁃ 5.253, P = 0.000). The cut⁃off value of APAs duration was 0.440 s, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.947 (95%CI: 0.885-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 95%, the specificity was 77.30%, and the Youden index was 0.723. The cut⁃off value of forward APAs peak was 0.445 m/s2, the AUC was 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 85%, the specificity was 95.50%, and the Youden index was 0.805. The cut⁃off value of the combination was 0.540, the AUC was 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 90%, the specificity was 90.10%, and the Youden index was 0.801. Conclusions The APAs in the initial step stage is abnormal in patients with early PD, the related parameters have high sensitivity and specificity, which can assist clinicians in early screening of diseases.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of CalliSpheres® drug-eluting beads trans-bronchial artery chemoembolization (DEB-BACE) . Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 45 patients with advanced primary lung cancer complicated with massive hemoptysis treated in Linyi Cancer Hospital from December 2019 to December 2021. All patients received bronchial artery embolization (BAE) and were divided into observation group (n=24) and control group (n=21) according to different embolization materials. DEB-BACE using CalliSpheres® drug-eluting beads loading 40-60 mg of epirubicin was performed in observation group, and BACE with 8Spheres® blank microspheres was given in control group. The control of hemoptysis, tumor response, the survival time and the related adverse reactions were observed and compared between two groups. Results There was no significant difference in hemostatic success rate between observation group and control group (87.5% vs 85.7%, P＞0.05) . The median duration of nonmassive hemoptysis in observation group was statistically longer than that in control group (96 days vs 50 days, P＜0.01) . At two months after embolization therapy, the objective response rate (83.3% vs 38.1%) in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05) . The fever, chest tightness and chest pain related to the embolization treatment disappeared after symptomatic treatment in two groups, and there was no statistical difference in adverse reactions between two groups (P＞0.05) . No serious complications such as spinal cord injury and cerebral embolism occurred in two groups. By the end of September 30, 2022, the median overall survival in observation group (10 months) was statistically higher than that in control group (6 months) (P＜0.01) at a follow-up of 2-25 (9.97±5.41) month. Conclusion In the treatment of advanced lung cancer with massive hemoptysis, DEB-BACE can achieve higher tumor response rate, longer survival time without hemoptysis and total survival time compared with conventional BAE.

The rationality of the spatial distribution of parks plays an important role in measuring cities' livability levels, promoting residents' physical and mental health, and promoting social interaction. However, with the continuous progress of urbanization and the rapid growth of the population, the contradiction between the supply of parks and the demand of people has become increasingly prominent. Moreover, the balance of the park layout did not receive enough attention when the urban population and residential spaces underwent dynamic transformations. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of park accessibility in downtown Guangzhou in 2010 and 2020 using the Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) and hot-spot analysis methods. The results show that:1) From 2010 to 2020, the average accessibility of parks in downtown Guangzhou increased. The communities with reduced park accessibility are areas with significant population increases, such as central Tianhe, eastern Haizhu, parts of Baiyun, and southern Liwan. The communities with improved park accessibility are mainly key urban development areas, such as Huangpu and Baiyun. Park accessibility has also improved in the depopulated old town within the Ring Highway. With the expansion of the travel range, the blind area of park supply is significantly reduced, and "seeing the park in 15 minutes" is realized under the bus travel mode. 2) Between 2010 and 2020, there was a spatial clustering phenomenon in the accessibility of parks under three travel modes. The impact of travel modes on the spatial clustering degree of park accessibility is obvious, and the change of spatial autocorrelation caused by time evolution is weak. With the improvement of travel range, the hot-spot and the cold-spot areas gradually expand, and the spatial agglomeration characteristics become more obvious. The hot-spot areas are mainly located in the old urban areas along the Pearl River and the Ring Highway, while the cold-spot areas are mainly located in Liwan and the outer urban areas outside the Ring Highway. 3) Under the guidance of the urban planning policy and the government, the orderly construction of parks and population flow comprehensively form the fair and unfair areas of the park's spatial distribution. The park's spatial distribution unfair area is the key area of the park's future planning, construction, and quality optimization. From the spatial and temporal dimensions, the research results complement the impact of the travel mode and urbanization process on the accessibility of parks. It makes up for the deficiency of the previous studies, which are mostly horizontal to some extent. It also helps to provide guidance and suggestions for the planning and layout of parks and policymaking in cities with the same type of high-density population.

For studying the deposition behaviour of dual-carbides cermet particles on coating microstructure and properties，the surface morphology and cross-sectional microstructure of the original powder and the flat particle on the low-carbide steel substrate were analyzed，and the microstructure，phase constitution and properties of HVOF sprayed micro-nano WC-Cr3C2-CoNi coating were investigated systemically.Results showed that the particles deposited on the substrate showed a caky shape with smooth and convex surface，radial sputtering streaks appeared around the particles，and the thickness of flat particles was much smaller than their radial dimensions.In addition，the section microstructure of the coating presented certain lamellar characteristics，and the interfaces between flat particles，hard phase and bond phase，flat particle and substrate and different hard phases bonded well.The coating had the main phase of WC，some decarburized phases，and the amorphous phase of Cr2O5.Moreover，the microhardness，elastic modulus，fracture toughness，adhesive strength and wear weight loss of the coating were (13.19±0.52) GPa，(145.17±3.89) GPa，(2.59±0.64) MPa·m1/2，(38.41±0.51) MPa and (6.08±0.68) mg respectively.Compared to WC-Co12 coating，the decomposition of WC and the decarburized phases decreased significantly in the HVOF sprayed micro-nano WC-Cr3C2-CoNi coating and the coating’s mechanical properties were obviously improved.

Aiming at improving the strength-plasticity match in the as-cast state of the most widely used Ti-6Al-4V the present work designs Ti-Al-V-Zr alloys on the basis of the dual-cluster formula of Ti-6Al-4V, α-{[Al-Ti12]（AlTi2）}12 +β-{[Al-Ti14]（V2Ti）}5： first, the alloys are more biased towards α-Ti by decreasing the number of β unit to 2, then, the stability of β-Ti is improved by increasing the number of V atoms in β unit to 3, and finally, Zr （x=1-5） replaces Ti in the β unit. Finally α-{[Al-Ti12]（AlTi2）}15-β-{[AlTi14-xZrx]V3）}2 is obtained, Ti-（6.64-6.82）Al-（2.42-2.35）V-（1.44-7.02）Zr （mass fraction,%） alloy is designed. The alloy ingots are prepared by melting in a non-consuming vacuum are furnace, and the alloy bars are suction-cast in copper mould. The results show that the alloys are all in α' martensite structure, showing morphologies changing from acicular Widmannstatten structure at lower Zr contents to net-basket structure at higher Zr contents. Among the designed alloys, Ti-6.64Al-2.35V-7.02Zr （x=5） with a net-basket structure, has the best mechanical properties： yield strength of 806 MPa, tensile strength of 963 MPa, and elongation of 5.9%, which are respectively 23%, 19% and 51% higher than those of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under the same preparation condition. In particular, the specific strength and specific hardness are 217kN•m/kg and 0.71 GPa•cm3/g, which are 18% and 10% higher than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

With the development of high temperature fields, such as automotive, petroleum, nuclear power and aerospace, piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range, as the core component of nondestructive testing and sustainable self-powered equipment used in these extreme environments, have become the hotspot of research in recent years. However, even the piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range owning excellent piezoelectricity and high temperature stability, the devices made of them could not have both flexibility and high-temperature resistance due to the embrittlement and hardness, resulting in the limitation in the application of high temperature precision operation and wearable health testing. Therefore, the flexible design of piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range, which can realize the preparation of high-temperature resistant, soft piezoelectric device and ultimately broaden the high temperature potential of device, become an important development direction for piezoelectric field. The research progress of piezoelectric materials with wide temperature range was introduced first in this paper, which includes materials (PZT, BT, KNN) used in the environment below 300 ℃ and Ⅲ-N material used in 500-1000 ℃. Then the flexible design technology was collected based on these materials, including direct-growth, growth-transfer and nano-composite. In the meantime, the influence of types of substrates or composite matrix on the high-temperature stability of final device was also analyzed.

High-entropy alloy coatings show great potential for improving the wear resistance of the stainless steel substrate. To investigate the effects of Cu/Si doping on the microstructure and high temperature tribological properties of FeCoCrNi high-entropy alloy coating, FeCoCrNiCux and FeCoCrNiSix series of high-entropy alloy coatings were prepared on the 304 stainless steel by laser cladding.The microstructure and phase distribution of the coatings were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, and the high temperature tribological properties of the coatings were tested by a high temperature friction and wear tester. The results show that both FeCoCrNiCux and FeCoCrNiSix high entropy alloy coatings form a single FCC-type solid solution with good metallurgical bonding to the substrate under suitable laser cladding parameters.The addition of Cu reduces the surface hardness of FeCoCrNi coatings, but improves the metallurgical bonding due to the increase of thermal conductivity of the coating; the addition of Si promotes grain refinement and improves the surface hardness of the coating. At 600 ℃, the addition of Cu/Si elements significantly improves the tribological properties of the coating, with the coefficients of friction of 0.24 and 0.19 for FeCoCrNiCu and FeCoCrNiSi coatings, respectively, and the wear rates are 1.58×10-4 mm3·N-1·m-1 and 6.77×10-5 mm3·N-1·m-1, respectively, which are 56.1% and 81.9% lower than FeCoCrNi coating.The main wear mechanisms of FeCoCrNiCu coating are oxidation wear, fatigue wear and slightly abrasive wear, while FeCoCrNiSi coating is oxidation wear.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of exposure to atmospheric particulate matters on the outpatient visits of respiratory disorders in Jiaxing City，Zhejiang Province.MethodsDaily air pollutant monitoring data，meteorological data and outpatient visits of respiratory disorders in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2021 were collected．A generalized additive model was applied to evaluate the effect and laggeel effect of the concentrations of atmospheric particulates for outpatient visits of respiratory disorders after adjusting for secular trend， day-of-the-week effect， holiday effect， and meteorological variables.ResultsThe daily average concentrations of PM2.5， PM10， O3 and NO2 exceeded the standard， and the proportion of days exceeding the standard was 3.4%， 1.3%， 11.0% and 0.8%， respectively. Every 10 μg·m-3 increase in PM2.5 concentration showed the strongest effects on the daily outpatient visits of respiratory disorders， adult and childhood respiratory disorders all on lag07 with ER（95%CI） being 2.29%（1.35%‒3.24%）， 2.31% （1.39%‒3.23%） and 2.65 % （1.36%‒3.96%）， respectively. The maximum ER of outpatient visits for respiratory disorders in children was higher than that in adults. Every 10 μg·m-3 increase in PM10 concentration showed the strongest effects on the daily outpatient visits of respiratory disorders on lag07， adult respiratory disorders on lag06 and childhood respiratory disorders on lag07 with ER（95%CI） being 1.42% （0.87%‒1.96%）， 1.49%（0.99%‒1.99%） and 1.61% （0.87%‒2.36%）， respectively. The results of double-pollutant model showed that the effect of atmospheric particulate reduced after O3 was introduced into the model.ConclusionThere are a short-term effect and a laggeel effect of atmospheric particulate on the outpatient visits of respiratory disorders. It is necessary to strengthen the health protection of the respiratory system of the population， especially the children.

Rural leisure tourism plays a key role in promoting the development, revitalization, and industrial restructuring of rural areas. However, there exist only a few studies on the distribution patterns and influencing factors based on point-like leisure tourism villages. Therefore, this study analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of 650 rural leisure tourism sites, announced by the Department of Culture and Tourism of Guangdong Province, based on the methods of the nearest neighbor index, kernel density analysis, and Ripley's K-function in geographic information system technology. The influencing factors of spatial distribution characteristics were also explored by combining buffer zone, raster, and correlation analyses. The conclusions drawn were five-fold. First, the rural leisure tourism sites in Guangdong Province showed the spatial distribution of significant clustering with the overall pattern of "two axes and multiple growth poles". Second, based on the overall distribution along the border and coast, the distribution was evaluated according to the high and low nuclear density values and formed a relatively independent agglomeration of single-core or double-core. The spatial pattern analysis exhibited the significant spatial autocorrelation between rural leisure tourism sites and the pronounced differences between hot and cold regions. Third, the overall spatial distance of rural leisure tourism sites was 118.36 km, with the agglomeration degree showing a trend of "first increasing and then decreasing" as the spatial distance increased. The spatial distances of the characteristics of each type of rural leisure tourism site showed significant differentiation. The spatial distance of historical relics was the largest and showed a strong agglomeration in a large spatial range. The spatial distance of folk culture and village architecture was ranked second, being close to one another. Due to the limitation of their resource endowment and other factors, the spatial distance of the natural landscape and industrial integration was the smallest, showing pronounced scale dependency. Fourth, among the influencing factors, resource endowment, traffic accessibility, and attractive scenic area as the supply-side factors provided the basis for developing the layout of rural leisure tourism in Guangdong Province. Social economy and tourism market as the demand-side factors were the key influencers of the layout. Public policy support and development planning were the management factors that secured the layout development. Innovation factors promoted the renewal and development of supply, demand, and management levels as a way to encourage the transformation and upgrading of rural leisure tourism. The joint regulation of multiple factors in the four dimensions of supply, demand, management, and innovation contributed to the formation of the spatial distribution pattern of the rural leisure tourism sites in Guangdong Province. Finally, the study posed relevant suggestions derived from the present case study to provide the basis for the optimal resource allocation and layout for the rural leisure tourism sites in Guangdong Province.

Objective To produce a mind mapping for parents' education in the pediatric digestive disease clinic, and investigate its application value. Methods A total of 37 pediatric patients and their parents who attended to hospital between January and March 2021 were selected as the control group, another 45 pediatric patients and their parents who attended to hospital between April and June 2021 were recruited as the observation group. The control group received routine care and health education, and a mind mapping method was adopted for parents' education in the observation group. Parent’s awareness of disease knowledge and satisfaction with nursing service were measures. Results The score of assessment on awareness of disease knowledge in the observation was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The score of nursing satisfaction scale in the observation was higher than that in the control group(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Application of mind mapping in health education is potentially effective to improve parents' knowledge level. (目的 制作小儿消化专病门诊家长健康教育的思维导图并应用, 探讨应用效果。方法 选取2021年1月—3月在小儿消化专病门诊就诊的37例患儿及其家长为对照组, 采用常规健康教育; 选取2021年4月—6月就诊的45例患儿及家长为观察组, 实施思维导图式的健康教育。评估家长对疾病相关知识掌握程度及护理满意度。结果 观察组患儿家长对疾病相关知识掌握程度评分高于对照组(P＜0. 01), 护理满意度评分高于对照组(P＜0. 01)。结论 将思维导图应用于小儿消化专病门诊健康教育中, 能有效提高患儿家长对疾病相关知识掌握程度。)

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Internationally, a whole-course specialist-general practitioner management mode of PD has been established, which can effectively improve the quality of life of patients and reduce PD burden on families and society. China has a health management system with its unique features, and lacks an applicable PD community management scheme. Objective To develop a standardized community-based management scheme for PD applicable to general practitioners (GPs) in China. Methods The full texts of guidelines, standards and consensuses related to PD diagnosis and management published from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020 were searched, and alternative items that could be included in the standardized community-based management scheme were screened and extracted, then relevant items were extracted to be used to develop a draft of standardized community-based management scheme for PD according to the experts interview and clinical evidence. After that, the draft was further revised under two rounds of email-based expert consultation using the Delphi technique. Results A total of 16 experts were invited to consult by e-mail for this study. The response rate was 100.0% for both two rounds. The authority coefficient and Kendall's W were 0.84 and 0.248 (P

Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare and serious autosomal genetic metabolic disease. Patients without intervention often die younger than 30 years old from early atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)incurred by extremely high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We present a case of HoFH, a child with compound heterozygous mutation in this study. The effect of conventional lipid-lowering therapy through diet control and lipid-lowering drugs was unsatisfactory. The blood-lipid purification proves effective but has poor compliance and difficult to maintain for a longer time. The patient received orthotopic liver transplantation and had been followed for 2 years, with the patient shows normal LDL-C, well growth and development. We hope the case will provide the clinician with better understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of the rare disease of HoFH.

Gastric cancer is one of the leading malignancies in China and in the world. Surgery is still the most important modality to cure gastric cancer. A series of clinical researches changed the traditional concept of surgery and avoided blindly expanding the scope of surgery. Laparoscopic surgery for both early and locally advanced gastric cancer achieved the same radical effect as open surgery. The key to further improve the efficacy of minimally invasive surgery is controlling indications, establishing a training system for surgical techniques and optimizing the relation between costs and benefits. The relationship between resection of organs and preservation of organ function should be balanced in the extended surgery for gastric cancer. Perioperative treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer would be advocated actively. Conversion therapy preoperatively for far-advanced gastric cancer is advocated. Palliative resection should be strictly controlled for the patients of far-advanced gastric cancer with extensive metastasis, and comprehensive treatment should be carried to prolong the life of patients.

Diabetes is a complex disease caused by the combined effects of genetic and environmental factors， which seriously affects people’s health level and living quality. As a special research tool， the twin method can be used to estimate the relative effects of genes and environment on diabetes-related traits. Moreover， compared with regular study subjects， twins have natural controls. The extended methods combined with genetic statistics and molecular biology techniques also help to analyze risk factors of diabetes and clarify the true relationship between exposure and outcome. This paper reviewed the progress of the application of the twin method to diabetes factorial studies in the past ten years at home and abroad， and summarized the advantages and limitations of the classical twin model， co-twin control studies， and genome-wide and epigenetic epidemiological studies.