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High-entropy alloys（HEAs）have attracted considerable attention from the research community as a pioneering alloy design paradigm over the past two decades. They have fundamentally challenged traditional design paradigms and exhibited exceptional mechanical properties and functional characteristics，thereby positioning themselves as promising candidates for significant engineering applications in the future. Recent advancements have unveiled several alloy systems that demonstrate exceptional performance across diverse metrics，including low-temperature fracture toughness，high-temperature strength，impact resistance，radiation tolerance，and fatigue resistance. These qualities render HEAs highly attractive materials for research with substantial application potential in critical domains such as deep space exploration，deep-sea investigations，low-temperature superconductivity，and advanced nuclear energy technologies. This paper will briefly introduce the concept and classification of HEAs，and review the experimental progress of HEAs under various extreme conditions such as extremely low temperatures，high-speed impacts，and high nuclear radiation. We also summarize the strategies for enhancing the strength and toughness of HEAs，and extract the deformation mechanisms and physical and chemical properties of HEAs under different extreme loads. It is foreseeable that the main development direction of HEAs will be to form microscopic fluctuations in chemical composition and construct multi-scalestructural ordering efficiently through fine adjustment of the selection and proportion of alloying elements and optimization of heat treatment processes. For comprehensive studies on HEAs subjected to extreme loads，it is essential to explore their microscopic deformation mechanisms further while proposing innovative strategies designed to address inherent trade-offs between strength and toughness. The integration of state-of-the-art simulation techniques combined with advanced characterization methods will be crucial for improving research efficiency while providing insights into microstructural behavior. Additionally，tailored optimization approaches should be implemented for distinct advantageous systems and phase structures，particularly those capable of activating dislocation movements，twinning，phase transformations and incorporating novel processing methodologies such as additive manufacturing. Finally，conducting more realistic simulation experiments that closely replicate extreme environments along with generating relevant engineering data are vital steps toward accelerating the practical application of HEAs in challenging settings.

Mo−Ni alloys were prepared by spark plasma sintering. The effects of sintering temperature, pressure, holding time, and heating rate on the relative density of Mo−Ni alloys were studied. The relative density, microstructure, and phase composition of Mo−Ni alloys were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and electron back-scattered diffraction. The densification process of Mo−Ni alloys by spark plasma sintering was analyzed. The results show that, the sintering temperature and pressure are the main factors affecting the relative density of Mo−Ni alloys, the local high-speed diffusion of Mo and Ni is the main reason for promoting the densification of Mo−Ni alloys. The phases of sintered Mo−Ni alloys are mainly composed of Mo and Mo−Ni mesophases, and the Mo particles are evenly distributed in the network structure formed by Mo−Ni mesophases. The maximum relative density is 99.10%, the average grain size is less than 10 μm, and the average rockwell hardness value is HRA 72. The content of additive Ni does not change much before and after sintering.

Energy security is a critical component of national security and a prerequisite for the green and low-carbon transition of the energy system. The concept of energy security has broadened from a traditional focus on fossil fuel supply to include the stable supply and sustainable utilization of energy resources. This study constructs a new energy security assessment framework targeting green and low-carbon transition, analyzing the evolution of energy security in 18 countries worldwide. The findings are as follows: (1) within a diversified evaluation system aligned with green and low-carbon objectives, energy security has significantly improved in countries with limited oil and gas resources, such as the United Kingdom, Japan, and China. Conversely, the dominant position of countries like the United Arab Emirates and Russia in the international energy market has been reduced. Continued development in renewable energy will reinforce this trend. (2) A strong positive correlation exists between energy security and sustainable development levels in the context of a green and low-carbon transition. Countries with higher sustainability levels have greater advantages in the energy transition process. (3) Sensitivity analysis reveals that although fossil fuel supply remains a key factor in energy security, the importance of diversified supply and sustainable utilization has significantly increased. Therefore, it is recommended that China seize the transition opportunity by leveraging China’s resource advantages in renewable energy, enhancing the energy governance system, and focusing on sustainable development. These actions will improve energy security and support China in increasing its influence and proactivity in the international energy market.

Objective The existing target speed planning algorithm for the automatic driving of urban rail transit train cannot handle in real time the temporary change of the line speed limit in case of emergency due to the large computational load and long computation time. With regard to the problem, a real-time target speed planning algorithm based on global optimization is proposed to generate the speed planning curve in real time. Method Based on the conditions of train current position, current speed and speed limit of the forward line, the speed planning curve is firstly generated in the shortest time through point by point calculation. Then the traction and braking levels are being adjusted to keep the train running at uniform acceleration or deceleration, optimizing the comfort index of the train running. Next, the cruising speed in the maximum speed limit section is adjusted to reduce unnecessary traction and braking time, optimizing the energy consumption index of the train running. Finally, the train speed planning curve is output. Result & Conclusion The simulation results show that the real-time speed planning curve generated by the proposed algorithm satisfies the basic constraints of safety, punctuality and accurate parking. Compared with the traditional algorithm, it improves the comfort level and reduces the energy consumption during train operation. Meanwhile, the proposed algorithm can effectively handle the temporary change of the line speed limit in emergency and optimize several operation indicators.

[Objective] The study on the spatial-temporal change characteristics of land use/cover is of great significance for the protection and rational development of land resources in the Yellow River Basin, and can provide an important reference for the implementation of ecological protection and high-quality development strategy in the Yellow River Basin. [Methods] Based on the annual land use/cover data of the Yellow River Basin from 1980 to 2021, the characteristics of land use/cover change in the Yellow River Basin in recent 40 years were investigated by using Mann-Kendall and sliding t-test, geographic information TUPU standard deviation ellipse and gravity shift model. [Results] (1) From 1980 to 2021, forest land, shrub, water area, and construction land increased significantly, while the cultivated land, grassland, and wetland decreased significantly. (2) The periods of land use/cover change in the basin can be divided into 1980—1992, 1993—2001, 2002—2012, and 2013—2021, and the quantitative structure gradually presented by rapid changes, and the changes of construction land, wetland and water area were sensitive. The balance of land-use structure was gradually increased, and the stage changes showed a high correlation with the implementation of major strategic measures, and more consistent with the divided stage. (3) In the middle and upper reaches of the basin, the main changes were from 2012 to 2021 and intermittent changes, and the main changes were from 2001 to 2012 and from 2012 to 2021, and the main changes were from 2001 to 2012 and from 2012 to 2021, and the main changes were from arable land to construction land and grassland. The basin changed frequently in northern Ningxia, eastern inner Mongolia and some areas along the Yellow River system. (4) The centers of gravity of wetland, water and construction land moved westward, showing concentrated distribution to the southwest, east and northwest, respectively. [Conclusion] The overall trend of land use structure becomed better under the guidance of policies. In the future, we should pay more attention to wetlands and areas with frequent land use changes.

ObjectiveTo determine the antibody levels of varicella-zoster virus （VZV） in healthy individuals aged 1 to 30 years in Songjiang District of Shanghai， and to provide evidence for further development of varicella immunization strategies for healthy population.MethodsSix village committees were selected in Songjiang District through multi-stage stratified random sampling method from July to September 2022. Healthy individuals aged 1 to 30 years old in these villages were recruited and 3‒5 mL of venous blood was collected. Anti-VZV IgG antibody was tested by ELISA. Positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody and geometric mean concentration （GMC） were determined.ResultsA total of 315 healthy individuals aged （10.97±8.38） years were included in this study， of which 165 were males aged （11.00±8.52） years and 150 were females aged （10.96±8.25） years. Blood samples were collected and tested for anti-VZV IgG antibody， with the overall positive rate of 55.24% （174/315）. The GMC was calculated to be 99.73 mIU·mL-1， with the GMC in those tested positive for anti-VZV IgG antibody of 413.11 mIU·mL-1. The positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody and GMCs across age groups ranged between 13.33%‒86.67% and 16.36‒355.14 mIU·mL-1， respectively. The highest GMC was found in the group of 20‒30 years old （355.14 mIU·mL-1）， followed by 132.41 mIU·mL-1 in the group of 5‒ years old and 138.12 mIU·mL-1 in the group of 15‒ years old. Moreover， the positive rate was 38.47% in the group with 1-dose varicella vaccine and 63.49% in the group with 2 doses， while the GMC were 53.28 mIU·mL-1 and 130.79 mIU·mL-1 in these two groups， respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that occupation was a risk factor associated with anti-VZV IgG antibody （OR=2.540）. Stratified analysis by varicella immunization history showed that among 2-dose vaccination group， time interval since the last dose was a protective factor （OR=0.315）.ConclusionsThe overall positive rate of anti-VZV IgG antibody in healthy population in Songjiang District of Shanghai remains low. The 2-dose varicella vaccination should be strengthened to improve the coverage in susceptible population.

Porous carbonate reservoirs are characterized by strong heterogeneity and diverse pore types， with significant differences in waterflooding recovery and unclear main controlling factors. Based on the pore throat size distribution curves， the microscopic pore structure of the reservoir was qualitatively classified. Through digital core technology， a method for quantitative characterization of microscopic pore structure was established to clarify the pore throat characteristics of porous carbonate rocks in a region of the Middle Eastern， and indoor physical experiments on waterflooding were conducted to clarify the differences in the oil recovery of different types of cores and their main controlling factors. The results show that ① The microscopic pore structure of the reservoir in the study area can be classified into coarse unimodal type， fine unimodal type I， fine unimodal type II， coarse bimodal type， and multimodal type. There is no significant relationship between storage performance and core homogeneity； the single-phase flow capacity of non-unimodal type is better than that of unimodal type； unimodal type becomes worse with increasing core homogeneity. ②The average coordination number and pore-throat ratio of the non-unimodal type are higher than those of the unimodal type. The average coordination number and pore-throat ratio decreased with the increase of core homogeneity for the unimodal type. The upper limit of the pore-throat ratio tends to decrease with increasing throat radius for all types， and the upper limit of coordination number increases exponentially with increasing pore radius. ③Macroscopically， core homogeneity is the main controlling factor of oil displacement efficiency； microscopically， high connectivity at large pore-throat and large pore-throat ratio at small pore-throat are the fundamental reasons for non-unimodal type to have significantly lower oil displacement efficiency than unimodal type. Pore-throat size is the crucial factor of oil displacement efficiency of unimodal type.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Tongzhou District of Nantong from 2017 to 2022, and provide scientific basis for developing targeted prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported data of notifiable infectious diseases in Tongzhou District of Nantong from 2017 to 2022. Results From 2017 to 2022, a total of 25 379 cases of 26 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Tongzhou District of Nantong, with an average annual incidence of 33.80 per 10 000. There were 27 deaths, with an average annual mortality rate of 0.04 per 10 000. Among the reported cases, the ratio of male to female reported incidence was 1.34∶1. The highest incidence of infectious diseases was observed in the age group under 10 years, mainly due to cases of varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease. The main occupational groups affected were farmers, preschool children, students, scattered children, and homemakers / unemployed individuals. Digestive tract infectious diseases such as hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea were mainly reported in summer, while respiratory tract infectious diseases such as varicella were more common in winter. The areas with the highest incidence were Xianfeng Street, Jinsha Street, and Xingren Town. The main types of infectious diseases reported were respiratory and intestinal tract infections. The top three reported diseases in terms of incidence rate were varicella, hand-foot-mouth disease, and syphilis. Conclusion In 2017—2022, the reported incidence of notifiable infectious disease in Tongzhou District of Nantong has showed a trend of fluctuating decline. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease, pay attention to the publicity and intervention of sexually transmitted diseases (such as syphilis), and maintain the incidence and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases at a low level compared to the national average.

【Objective】The commonly used max-log-map algorithm reduces the complexity of soft information computation compared to the log-map algorithm. However, it still consumes significant resources for high-order Orthogonal Amplitude Modulation (QAM), such as 8QAM, 16QAM Probability Shaping (PS), and 64QAM PS.【Methods】8QAM adopts the method of constellation region division, and the soft information is represented by the distance information from the received symbol to the perpendicular between the nearest bit 0 and bit 1. The distance information is simplified and calculated using angle rotation and regional symmetry. For 16QAM PS and 64QAM PS with non Maxwell Boltzmann (MB) distribution, the central boundary between the edges of the bit 1 region and the central boundary between bit 0 on both sides of the bit 1 region no longer coincide. Region merging approximation is used to handle the region ownership between the two boundaries, and the max-log-map expression is factorized to simplify the distance difference to calculate the soft information. The soft information of 16QAM PS and 64QAM PS based on MB distribution can be obtained by simplifying the soft information expression of non-MB distribution.【Results】The simplification reduced the multiplication and addition/subtraction operations in 8QAM soft information calculation from 48 and 75 times to 12 and 16 times respectively. with a degradation of only about 0.05 dB. For MB-distributed 16QAM PS, operations reduce from 192 multiplications and 260 additions/subtractions to 2 and 4, respectively, also with a degradation of only about 0.05 dB. The reduction is even greater for 64QAM PS, decreasing from 1 152 multiplications and 1 542 additions/subtractions to 3 and 6, respectively.【Conclusion】This article proposes a soft information computation method suitable for 8QAM and MB-distributed 16QAM PS, MB-distributed 64QAM PS, non MB-distributed16QAM PS, and non MB-distributed 64QAM PS. When probabilities align with the MB distribution, the non MB methods can transform into the MB methods. When the shaping factor is 0, the expression based on the MB distribution can be converted into a uniformly distributed soft information calculation formula. The soft information calculation for non-MB distribution, MB distribution, and uniform distribution can be uniformly designed on the same circuit, improving circuit reuse rate and reducing the hardware resource consumption.

Dust accumulation is severe during coal mine excavation. Currently, research on the dust settlement law and optimization under mixed air flow control in fully mechanized excavation faces is not in-depth enough. Based on a hybrid air flow control system and relying on the fully mechanized excavation face of Shaanxi Coal Group Shenmu Ningtiaota Mining Co., Ltd., the influence of mixed air flow control parameters such as the distance from the pressure air outlet to the working face, the right angle of the pressure air outlet, the pressure air outlet diameter, the distance from the extraction air outlet to the working face, and the pressure extraction ratio on the dust settlement law is analyzed. As the distance between the pressure air outlet and the working face increases, the proportion of large particle dust in the cross-section of the personnel breathing zone on the return air sides and the driver's location first increases, then decreases, and then increases again. The proportion of small particle dust increases. As the right deviation angle of the air inlet increases, the proportion of large particle dust in the personnel breathing zone section on the return air sides and the driver's location changes significantly. As the diameter of the air inlet increases, the proportion of small particle dust in the driver's location section first increases, then decreases, and then increases again. The proportion of large particle dust in the personnel breathing zone section on the return air side first increases and then decreases. As the distance between the extraction air outlet and the working face increases, the proportion of large particle dust at the driver's location section first increases and then decreases. The proportion of small particle dust first increases and then decreases and then increases again. The particle size distribution of dust at the personnel breathing zone section on the return air side does not change much. As the pressure-pumping ratio increases, the proportion of small particle dust in the cross-section of the personnel breathing zone on return air sides and the driver's location decreases. Taking the above air flow control parameters as independent variables, the average concentration of total dust in the personnel breathing zone on the return air side and the average concentration of exhaled dust at the driver's location are the optimization objectives. A dust settlement optimization regression model is established, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. The optimal air flow control scheme is obtained. The distance between the pressure air outlet and the working face is 8.9 meters, the right angle of the compressed air outlet is 14.8°, the diameter of the compressed air outlet is 0.9 meters, the distance between the extraction air outlet and the working face is 4.3 meters, and the pressure-pumping ratio is 1.1. The experimental platform for dust settlement under wind flow control is built. The experimental results show that the error between the test values and the simulated values of the dust settlement optimization regression model is within 13%, which verifies the accuracy of the model. The optimized dust with particle sizes of 71-100 μm is significantly affected by the wind flow regulation parameters and settles in front of the roadheader. After optimization, the average dust concentration of total dust in the personnel breathing zone on the return air side and the average dust concentration at the driver's location decrease by 47.4% and 42.4%, respectively, indicating a significant dust reduction effect.

Objective To explore the practice and significance of the new course of “ Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) and Perioperative Management” for graduate students under multidisciplinary cooperation. Methods The Department of Anesthesiology collaborated with the Department of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Geriatrics and six related surgical departments to develop a course of 30 credit hours on “ ERAS and Perioperative Management” in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Researchers analyzed the teaching effectiveness of the course by collecting survey questionnaires and evaluating scheme report of ERAS case. Results Researchers found that ten graduates joined this course and they believed that learning improved their understanding of ERAS related knowledge, such as preoperative nutrition and functional state optimization, intraoperative volume and temperature management, prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and perioperative pain management. Students had high satisfaction with the course and believed that it would help improve their clinical literacy. Conclusions The new course of “ERAS and Perioperative Management” for graduates may support capacity building in terms of clinical logic and thinking about ERAS and promotion of skills for perioperative management. Our experience of graduates'training with “ Enhanced Recovery after Surgery and Perioperative Management” course can be shared by other trainers of health institution of China.

Due to the low oxidation potential and high electrochemiluminescence (ECL) quantum yield, Luminol has been widely applied in analytical and detection fields, especially in immunoassay, food safety and environmental monitoring. However, there is a lack of sufficient experimental evidence on the ECL mechanism of Luminol, which affects the further improvement of its ECL efficiency. Herein, an electrochemistry-micro tube-mass spectrometry (EC-MT-MS) device was constructed for on-line monitoring of Luminol ECL reaction. In this EC-MT-MS device, a high borosilicate glass tube with a nano tip was used as electrochemical cell and electrospray ionization source, a platinum working electrode and a platinum counter electrode were inserted into the tube and connected to a customized power station, which could simultaneously input a low voltage (volt level) for the ECL reaction and a high voltage (kilovolt level) for the formation of electrospray. Prior to the EC-MT-MS experiment, the composition of the reaction solution was optimized to obtain the highest MS signal response, and Luminol was dissolved in acetonitrile-water (4:1, V/V) solvent with ammonium acetate as the electrolyte. The concentrations of Luminol and ammonium acetate in the prepared solution were both 0.1 mmol/L, and the pH was adjusted to 11 using ammonium aqueous. The oxidation potential of Luminol was subsequently studied using a traditional three-electrode system by cyclic voltammetry in the same solution, and the determined oxidation potential for ECL reaction was 0.87 V. During the EC-MT-MS measurements, (2.5 kV+0.87 V) and 2.5 kV were input to the working and counter through the power station, respectively. A series of short-lived intermediates and products such as L1 (m/z 198) and the luminescent precursor AP- (m/z 180) in the Luminol ECL reaction process were successfully captured and analyzed by MS. The molecular structures of these products were characterized by tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) technique. There are mainly two fragments of m/z 163, 136 present in the MS2 spectrum of luminescent precursor AP-, attributed to the (NH2+H) and COO losses, respectively. In addition, the promotion mechanism of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for the ECL performance of Luminol was also investigated. A key reaction intermediate LO2H- was found in the MS spectrum at m/z 208. Meanwhile, the peak intensity of luminescent precursor AP- significantly increased from 1.3% to 15.7%, proving that the presence of H2O2 effectively promoted the generation of key luminescent intermediate. Finally, by adding 1,4-benzoquinone to the Luminol-H2O2 system, the central role of the superoxide anion radical (O2·-) derived from H2O2 in the Luminol ECL process was confirmed. The relevant results provide a direct data reference for the study of the Luminol ECL mechanism.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with complicated pathogenesis and prolonged condition. In recent years, with the development of targeted therapy, biological agents have been widely used in the treatment of CD, which has significantly improved the prognosis of CD patients. If the efficacy evaluation can be carried out at the early stage of targeted therapy, it may help to figure out the patients who can benefit from the treatment and optimize the treatment plan for the ineffective patients in time. In the evaluation of CD activity and efficacy, ultrasound has the advantages of high accuracy, no radiation and high patient acceptance, and therefore has potential clinical application value in the early efficacy evaluation of CD targeted therapy. This article reviews the research progress to provides a reference for optimizing the treatment plan for CD patients.

Arc discharge caused by short-circuit faults is one of the most serious faults in UHV transformers， with the potential for inducing deformation， rupture， burning， or even explosion of the oil tank. In order to analyze the stress-strain levels induced by arc discharge in transformers， a finite element model for a 1，000 kV single-phase UHV transformer was established. The simulation and analysis focused on the pressure distribution within the oil tank caused by arc discharge at different locations and energy levels. Stress-strain levels in both the oil tank and bolts were calculated， with a comprehensive safety check on their mechanical properties based on material parameters. Additionally， the discharge energy thresholds leading to tank wall rupture or bolt damage were determined. The findings reveal that the maximum stress during arc discharge near the high-voltage winding in the oil tank is located at the corner of the tank wall， and the maximum deformation is observed in the middle of the tank wall along the long axis. Furthermore， the maximum stress during arc discharge inside the lifting seat is concentrated at the support of the elevated seat， with the maximum deformation observed at the turning point of the elevated seat.

Fatigue performance of RV-20E reducers is investigated experimentally herein; load and life curves of RV-20E with different crankshaft heat treatment strengthening processes are obtained. The optimum surface microstructure and optimum surface hardness of the crankshaft for improving the fatigue life of the RV-20E reducer are analyzed, and the failure mode and failure mechanism of the crankshaft of the RV-20E reducer are discussed. Based on the S-N theory and the Miner theory, and combined with the force analysis of RV-20E, the life parameter of RV-20E reducers based on the crankshaft needle roller bearing assembly is derived, and the test data is compared and analyzed. The analysis and comparison show that the life parameter can effectively correlate the fatigue life of RV-20E reducers and can be used to predict the fatigue life of RV-20E reducers.

Acid-fracturing technologies have become conventional measures to increase production in the field of petroleum engineering， and they are widely used in carbonate rock， tight sandstone， and volcanic rock reservoirs. However， relevant research mainly focuses on specific blocks， and there is a lack of a systematic and comprehensive summary of relevant research progress. This paper comprehensively investigated the latest progress of acid-fracturing technologies in China and abroad， systematically concluded the research achievements including the hot acid-fracturing technologies， difficulties and measures of acid-fracturing simulation in different reservoirs， acid-fracturing mechanism， and factors affecting acid-fracturing， and pointed out the development trend and existing problems of acid-fracturing technologies. Differentiated multi-staged acid-fracturing technology， volume acid-fracturing technology， and fracture height control acid-fracturing technology are hot acid-fracturing technologies in recent years. There are certain differences in the difficulties of acid-fracturing simulation in different reservoirs. Therefore， it is necessary to formulate corresponding acid-fracturing technology policies according to reservoir characteristics. The acid-fracturing mechanism can be analyzed through theoretical calculation and experiments. Theoretical calculation is the basis of acid-fracturing technology research，and experiments can provide important guidance for the research on acid-fracturing mechanisms and the determination of process parameters. Acid-fracturing technologies are affected by both geological and engineering factors. Geological factors are the basis of acid-fracturing technology policies， and engineering factors are the key to improving acid-fracturing effects. At present， acid-fracturing technologies are developing in four directions： deep and ultra-deep acid-fracturing layers， accurate acid-fracturing objects， expanded acid-fracturing scope， and controllable acid-fracturing technologies. It is suggested to strengthen the research on acid-fracturing theories， continuously improve the process and equipment， and establish the implementation template of typical acid-fracturing technologies， so as to guide the implementation of acid-fracturing technologies.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to achieve rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of the respective contents of glutamine （Gln） enantiomers in functional foods by establishing a water-soluble lanthanide shift reagent-identified method based on the 1H-qNMR technique.MethodsThe internal standard disodium terephthalate was added to the samples dissolved in ultrapure water. After vertexing and centrifuging， an appropriate amount of supernatant was taken into the NMR tube with deuterium water as a field-locking solvent and the water-soluble lanthanide shift reagent samarium （Ⅲ）-propylenediaminetetraacetate as the chiral selector. The 1H-NMR spectrum was collected by a 600 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer for the direct determination of the contents of Gln enantiomers in functional foods.ResultsThe Gln enantiomers and DT quantitative peaks were well-separated. The mass concentration of D- and L-glutamine has a good linearity in the range of 100.0-2 000.0 µg/mL with R2>0.99. The limit of detection was 30.0 µg/mL， and the limit of quantification was 100.0 µg/mL. The average recovery rates obtained from standard addition methods were between 94.27% and 116.07% with the relative standard deviations （n=6） being 0.18%-1.84%.ConclusionThis method offers high recovery， good repeatability， and a simple pretreatment process， and the sample test can be completed within 15 min. The testing of different dosage forms of functional foods purchased from the supermarket platform revealed that the enantiomeric purity of Gln in the samples was ≥99%. No significant difference was observed between this method and high-performance liquid chromatography （P>0.05） in the determination of total Gln. The method can provide a practical technique for the rapid detection of the contents of glutamine enantiomers.

Under certain solid solution time conditions, the solid solution temperature determines the degree of supersaturation and recrystallisation of the matrix after quenching, and is an important factor in enhancing the performance of the material after aging treatment. Through the solid solution heat treatment of 2050 Al-Li alloy extruded bar at different temperatures for 2 h and artificial aging treatment at 170 ℃ for 40 h, combined with a variety of property testing methods and microstructure observation methods, the effect of solid solution temperature on the microstructure and properties of 2050 Al-Li alloy extruded bar was studied. The results show that the residual phase is continuously redissolved with the increase of the solid solution temperature, and the residual phase is mainly iron-containing phase when the solid solution temperature is 525 ℃.The slight overheating structure appears in the bar when the solid solution temperature is 550 ℃, and the serious overheating structure appears in the bar when the solid solution temperature reaches 570 ℃. Local recrystallization occurs when the bar is heated to 500 ℃, and complete recrystallization occurs when the solid solution temperature reaches 570 ℃. When the 2050 Al-Li alloy extruded bars are solution treated at different temperature (450-550 ℃) and aged at 170 ℃ for 40 h, the number of θ′ and T1 phases increases with the increase of solid solution temperature, and the strength increases rapidly and then slowly, when the solution treatment temperature is 550 ℃, the yield strength and tensile strength of extruded rods are the highest, which are 505 MPa and 567 MPa, respectively; the elongation decreases rapidly at first and then remains stable with the increase of solid solution temperature, decreasing from 13.4% at 450 ℃ to 10.7%-10.4% at 500-550 ℃.

Objective: The molecular biological test has the advantage of fast and sensitive, which can effectively make up for the defects of the traditional microbial test method. Methods: According to the conserved sequences of the V3~V4 region of the virulence gene pcrL and the universal gene 16S rRNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in GB 8538—2022, primers and probes were designed and synthesized, and a real-time fluorescent PCR kit was established in this study. Results: The results showed that the common standard reserve strain 16S rRNA was amplified, and the virulence gene pcrL was only effective for nucleic acid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa standard reserve strain, and obvious "S" type amplification curve could be observed, while no amplification curve was found for common food-borne pathogens in this study. Gene pcrL still has amplification curve, when the concentration of bacterial solution was less than 10 CFU/mL, the detection range was 10~107 CFU/mL, and the detection limit was 10 CFU/mL. The Ct mean value of virulence gene pcrL under different bacterial solution concentrations ranged from 18.0 to 38.6. The results showed that this method was highly sensitive to the detection of the virulence factor pcrL carried by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the past three years, the unqualified Pseudomonas aeruginosa samples in 14 counties and cities of Hunan Province were further detected, and the coincidence rate reached 100%. Conclusion: This method is highly sensitive to detect the virulence factor pcrL carried by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has the advantages of simple operation, strong specificity, high sensitivity and good practicability.

In recent years, with the rapid development of life sciences, the use of laboratory fish in toxicology, genetics, developmental biology and medicine has increased dramatically, and they have gradually become important new model organisms. At the same time, the welfare of laboratory fish has also received increasing attention. Although the research level of experimental fish welfare is still in a relatively early stage compared to terrestrial experimental animals, developed regions such as Europe and America have established corresponding legal frameworks to safeguard the welfare of laboratory fish in research. This article elucidates the current developmental status of laboratory fish welfare, discusses the rationale behind the imperative to prioritize and enhance their welfare, deeply investigates factors influencing their welfare from the feeding stage and experimental stage. Moreover, it explores strategies for augmenting welfare standards, with the overarching aim of propelling the continual improvement of laboratory fish welfare in our country.

Mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during respiration. Low levels of ROS are conducive to signal transduction, whereas excessive accumulation of ROS can lead to protein oxidative modification. Cytochrome c (cyt c) is a multifunctional metalloprotein located in mitochondria. The oxidative modification of cyt c, especially the Met80 has been found to result in conformational change, but the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the terminal methyl group of methionine on cytochrome c was selectively labeled with 13C, and the modification of the methionine in cytochrome c under oxidative environments was tracked by NMR. It was observed that under oxidative environments, the protein was first converted from reduced state to oxidized state, then oxidatively modified. The oxidative modification of Met80 occurred under relatively high content of ROS, but did not result in distinctive conformation transition. The result suggests that the protein has high activity to resist ROS damage, therefore, plays a regulatory role in inhibiting apoptosis.

BackgroundThe use of controlled X-ray sources instead of 137Cs radioactive sources in density logging has become a new trend. The intensity of the X-ray source is substantially influenced by the high voltage on the target substrate, and the density measurement uncertainty can be maintained at 0.01 g·cm-3 when the high voltage is 350 kV.PurposeThis study aims to analyze the parameters of the shielding material and thickness suitable for the 350 kV high-voltage X-ray density logging instrument.MethodsThe Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the energy spectrum and counting rate of X-rays passing through different materials and thicknesses. By comparing the correlation between the 0~0.15 MeV and 0.15~0.35 MeV energy windows, the reasons for the difference between the X-ray attenuation and detector count rate in different energy windows were determined. In addition, combined with the actual instrument model construction of the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument, the influence of the three parts of particles on the detector was primarily considered. The placement mode and optimal thickness of each part of the shield for detectors were analyzed and designed using Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) simulation.ResultsThe simulation results show that the attenuation of X-rays in high- and low-energy windows increases with increase of atomic number and thickness of shielding materials. When tungsten nickel iron alloy is selected as the shielding material for the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument model, the suitable thickness of the shield between the base and the near-source detector is 1.75 cm. Meanwhile, to maintain the high voltage of X-ray generator at 350 kV, a shield layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm is placed between each detector, and a shield layer with a thickness of 0.35 cm is added to the back of the detector.ConclusionsThis study provides the design theory and key parameters for shielding materials and structures in the development of X-ray density logging tool.

In the process of applying deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to realize autonomous behavioral decision-making of robotic arms, the high-dimensional continuous state-action space is prone to low data sampling efficiency and low quality of empirical samples, which ultimately leads to slow convergence of the reward function and long learning time. To address this problem, a DRL model that introduces prior knowledge was proposed. The model was combined with the inverse kinematics of the robotic arm, and prior knowledge was introduced to guide the agent during the sampling phase of DRL, addressing the issues of low data sampling efficiency and poor quality of experience samples during the learning process. Furthermore, the introduced prior knowledge DRL model's strong generalization capabilities were verified when facing new tasks through network parameter transfer. Lastly, joint simulation experiments were conducted using Python and the CoppeliaSim platform. The results show that the DRL model with the introduction of prior knowledge improves the learning efficiency by 13.89% and 12.82%, and the success rate of completing the task increases by 16.92% and 13.25% than the original model; in the new task, the learning rate improves by 23.08% and 23.33%, and the success rate improves by 10.7% and 11.57%.

Objective: To investigate the effect of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or mastectomy (M) in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) on disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: A total of 844 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ TNBC who were admitted to Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2009 to December 2018 were collected and divided into BCS and M groups according to the surgical method. COX regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of clinical characteristics and surgical methods on DFS and OS of the patients. The propensity score was further used to balance the differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups of patients, and to evaluate the differences in the prognosis of two groups of patients. Results: There were 533 patients (63.15%) underwent M and 311 patients (36.85%) underwent BCS. Patients with younger age, smaller tumor size, negative lymph node, and loss of HER2 expression (HER2-0) were more tend to BCS group compared to M group. Median follow-up time was 72 months. Multivariate COX analysis showed that the OS of M group was lower than that of BCS group (HR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.04-3.91, P=0.038), but there was no significant difference in DFS between the two groups (HR=1.42, 95% CI: 0.94-2.15, P=0.100). After propensity score matching for factors such as T stage, N stage and age, the results showed that there was no significant difference in OS (P=0.114) and DFS (P=0.124) between BCS and M groups. Conclusions: Among patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ TNBC, patients with younger age, smaller tumor, negative lymph node, and HER2-0 were more likely to choose BCS. After propensity score matching for relevant clinicopathological parameters, the results indicated that there was no significant difference in OS and DFS of the TNBC patients undergoing BCS or M surgery.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the varicella vaccine immunization strategy in Shanghai， and to provide evidence for enhancing prevention and control measures by analyzing the incidence and trends of varicella in Songjiang District， Shanghai from 2013 to 2021.MethodsA descriptive analysis was conducted on 12 417 varicella cases reported in Songjiang District between 2013 and 2021. The epidemiological distribution of varicella cases was described， and the incidence rates were compared among different demographic variables， including registered residence， gender， age， and occupation.ResultsA total of 12 417 varicella cases were reported in Songjiang District from 2013 to 2021，with an average annual incidence of 77.03/105. The incidence of varicella showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2017 （χ2trend=19.39， P

China is currently facing a critical period of economic transformation and social development, with land use being under tremendous pressure, facing multiple challenges. The imbalance in land use structure is becoming increasingly prominent and conflicts over various land uses are becoming more intense, thereby attracting an increasing focus. Land use conflict refers to the inconsistent and disharmonious land use methods and quantities among stakeholders in the process of land resource utilization, as well as the conflicting states between various land use methods and environmental aspects. The study of land use conflicts can provide important references for stabilizing land use structures, alleviating land use conflicts, and optimizing the allocation of national spatial resources. Identifying the spatial range and intensity of land use conflicts is a prerequisite for alleviating regional land use pressure. However, existing research has thus far provided insufficient characterization of the negative ecological and environmental effects of land use. The concept of ecosystem service trade-offs is advantageous regarding expressing the negative effects of land use conflicts and their inherent causes. Therefore, based on the perspective of ecosystem services, this study identifies the intensity and spatial distribution characteristics of land use conflicts in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in different types of space using ecosystem service trade-off analysis. Results show that from 2010 to 2020, land use change in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was relatively drastic, with a decrease of 1,440.90 km2 (8.20%) in arable land area and an increase of 1,649.92 km2 (28.01%) in urban land area. During the study period, carbon fixation, soil retention, and water production services exhibited increasing trends, whereas food supply and habitat quality services exhibited decreasing trends. High-gain areas of food supply and carbon fixation, as well as high-loss areas of water production and soil retention, were mainly distributed in the southwest and northwest of the study area. The land use conflict index of the study area was 1.05, indicative of strong land use conflict. This was mainly because the study area had a large number of service types to balance, with the balance relationships being strong. Among them, the balance relationships between water production and food supply, habitat quality, and carbon fixation were the dominant factors in land use conflicts in the study area. The intensity of land use conflicts in each subregion ranged from strong to weak in the following order: natural or semi-natural area (1.10) > semi-natural semi-artificial area (0.97) > artificial area (0.77) > semi-natural area (0.45). Natural or semi-natural area was the main area of land use conflicts, mainly because this area had many service types to balance, with the balance relationships being strong. In terms of spatial distribution characteristics, the spatial distribution range of land use conflicts in the study area was mainly characterized by weak and moderate conflict areas; however, land use conflicts were more severe in some local areas. The spatial distribution structure of land use conflicts in the study area showed a medium-weak-medium pattern from the periphery to the central part. Strong and extremely strong conflict areas were concentrated in natural or semi-natural areas.

An improved D* algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency and complex inflection points in three-dimensional path autonomous planning of unmanned aerial vehicle using traditional D* algorithm. Firstly, variable step size was used to expand nodes, which speeded up the algorithm's traversal of nodes in the planning stage. At the same time, the fusion formula of Chebyshev distance and Manhattan distance was used as surrogate value, the cost function was improved, the calculation amount of the algorithm was reduced, and the low efficiency of the algorithm was solved. Finally, the three-dimensional map and the obtained path were projected onto the two-dimensional plane, key nodes were selected, redundant nodes were discarded, and the generated path was optimized. The number of inflection points and complexity of the obtained path were reduced. The simulation results show that the improved D* algorithm can be effectively used in the path planning of unmanned aerial vehicle in the three-dimensional environment, and the expected effect is achieved in terms of accelerating the efficiency of the algorithm and improving the quality of the path.

Flocculent settling widely exists in various processes of tailings disposal.It bears significance for the accurate calculation of the flocculent settling velocity in engineering, such as tailings backfilling and surface disposal.This paper studied the structural characteristics of tailings flocs from the perspective of the fractal theory, and established the mathematical relationship between tailings particle size, geometry size of floc and fractal dimension.It analyzed the influence of buoyancy effect, reflux effect and viscosity effect on floc settling, and deduced a calculation formula of tailings flocculent settling velocity.This study carried out a tailings flocculent settling test observed the changes in geometric morphology of flocs by focused beam reflectance measurement technology(FBRM), and carried out validation analysis between testing data and model calculation value.The results showed that the settling velocity increased with the equivalent grain size of flocs, which could be divided into three stages, namely accelerated settling, uniform settling and compaction settling.The equivalent grain size of flocs of test tailings were 140~350 μm, and the settling velocity calculated by the formula were 1.3~2.0 mm/s when the fractal dimension was 2.25, which demonstrates significant correlation with the testing value, and had certain practical application value.

Crohn's disease(CD)is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. Mesenteric creeping fat, a special sign of CD closely related to its intestinal inflammation and stenosis, has become a research hotspot in recent years. The formation mechanism of mesenteric creeping fat may be related to the migration of adipocytes and the translocation of intestinal microbiota. MRI, CT and US are commonly used imaging evaluation methods for CD, which can show the sign of creeping fat and evaluate the inflammation of intestinal wall and intestinal stenosis. However, the relationship between mesenteric creeping fat and inflammatory activity, stenosis and prognosis of CD needs to be further studied. The purpose of this review is to introduce the pathogenesis and clinical significance of mesenteric creeping fat, as well as the evaluation indicators of different imaging methods, and to further explore the relationship between mesenteric creeping fat and CD inflammatory activity and stenosis.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of intraoperative hypoxemia in non- cardiothoracic surgery under general anesthesia in high-altitude areas of Tibet, and briefly analyze the impact of intraoperative hypoxemia on the prognosis. Methods The clinical data of patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anesthesia in Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from June 1, 2021 to August 31, 2022 were collected prospectively, including basic preoperative data, surgery information and anesthesia management. The main outcome was intraoperative hypoxemia. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of intraoperative hypoxemia. The perioperative prognosis of patients with or without intraoperative hypoxemia was compared. Results A total of 161 patients having non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anesthesia who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Among them, 9 patients (5.6%) suffered intraoperative hypoxemia and 152 cases (94.4%) experienced non-intraoperative hypoxemia. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative oxygen saturation ≤ 85%(OR=4.604, 95% CI: 1.064-19.916, P=0.041), preoperative hemoglobin ≥ 170 g/L (OR=5.396, 95% CI: 1.163-25.035, P=0.031), and preoperative pulmonary artery pressure ≥ 40 mm Hg (OR=11.744, 95% CI: 1.599-86.243, P=0.015) were independent risk factors for hypoxemia during non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anesthesia in people at high altitude in Tibet. The incidence of perioperative adverse cardiac events in patients with intraoperative hypoxemia was significantly higher than that in patients without intraoperative hypoxemia (55.6% vs. 15.1%, P=0.002). Conclusion Preoperative low oxygen saturation, hyperhemoglobin and pulmonary hypertension are the risk factors of intraoperative hypoxemia in non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anesthesia in people at high altitude in Tibet, and intraoperative hypoxemia may have a negative impact on the prognosis of patients.

As a key component of traction converter, DC-link capacitor plays a key role in stabilizing DC side voltage. However, when a DC-link capacitor is exposed to high temperature and high pressure for a long time, its equivalent series resistance(ESR) will gradually increase, and the capacitor will gradually fail to meet the functional requirements, thus affecting the reliability of the converter. Adopting different maintenance strategies according to the health state of capacitors can improve the safety and maintainability of a traction system. This paper proposes a parameter identification method based on the pre-charging process for traction converter. An identification model of the DC-link capacitor is established based on the equivalent circuit of DC-link capacitor, and voltage and current signals in the pre-charging process are used to estimate parameter. In order to improve the reliability of the estimation, different from the traditional parameter identification algorithm based on gradient descent, the genetic algorithm is used to search for the optimal value in the range of health parameter and estimate the real parameter. Simulation under different noise conditions and physical experiments by performing the pre-charging process of the traction converter were carried out, and both the identification errors were less than 3%. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation and physical experiments.

Objective: This study aimed to develop an auric-lowering peptide of skipjack byproducts (SPBp) with Xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibition activity and improve the utilization rate of byproducts of skipjack. Methods: Based on the response surface methodology, several parameters affecting this process were investigated, including protease types and enzymatic dosages, pH, temperature, time and their interactions on the content of amino-nitrogen, solid content and XOD inhibition activity. Results: The results showed that trypsin was the best protease. The optimal process parameters were as follows: the dosage of the enzyme was 4%, pH 8.0, temperature 55 ℃, time 5 h, solid-liquid ratio 1∶3 （g/mL）. Under the control of the optimal conditions, the solid content was 4.12%; XOD inhibition activity was 43.941%, which were all in good agreement with the predicted values. SPBp-XOIP showed strong radical scavenging activity against hydroxyl and DPPH radicals with ED50 values of 6.0 mg/mL and 10.0 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The meat of Skipjack has the potential to prepare XOD inhibitory peptides, which can be used as dietary function factors in antioxidant stress and prevention of hyperuricemia.

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiological characteristics and distributions of measles in Baoshan District， Shanghai.MethodsThis study used the measles surveillance information and reporting system to collect reported cases of measles in Baoshan District in 2005‒2021 and then conducted descriptive epidemiological methods to determine the temporality using the concentration method.ResultsIn 2005‒2021， a total of 525 measles cases were reported in Baoshan District with an average annual reported incidence rate of 1.75/105， showing an overall fluctuating downward trend and obvious seasonality. The cases concentrated in 30‒39 years of age （31.24%）， 20‒29 years （28.57%）， and under 5 years （16.57%）. Majority of them were workers （18.10%）， preschool children （16.19%）， and unemployed persons （12.76%）. The incidence was significantly higher in the central region than in the other two regions for workers， preschool children， and unemployed persons （χ2=54.515， P

The existing classical object detection algorithm cannot satisfactorily detect abnormal behavior of operators at smart construction sites for its low accuracy. To this end， a two-stage detection algorithm based on the FCOS （full convolutional single-stage target detection） is proposed to detect abnormal behavior at smart construction sites. The algorithm， mainly consisting of two cascaded networks， first identifies and locates operators and abnormal behavior markers by the FCOS， and then uses the MLP （multilayer perceptron） to detect and classify abnormal behavior. Finally， the 12，977 sample images collected from the relevant project sites are used as the data set to experimentally validate the detection algorithm. The results show that the algorithm performs well in the detection of all kinds of abnormal behavior， and it has a clear advantage in the deployment and application of practical projects due to its excellent real-time detection， less complex computation， and fewer model parameters.

In order to use the existing hardware sources to improve the line selection performance of single-phase grounding fault of small resistance grounding systems， a method for line selection of single-phase grounding fault based on the global steady-state monitoring information of the substation automation system is investigated. The zero-sequence voltage of the busbar and the zero-sequence current of each line in the case of single-phase grounding faults are deduced. The ratio of zero-sequence current of lines with single-phase grounding faults to that of non-fault lines under extreme conditions is analyzed. Moreover， the line selection method of single-phase grounding fault is proposed. The zero-sequence current is used as the starting criterion for line selection of single-phase grounding fault， and the setting principle of zero-sequence principle is introduced to calculate the maximum transition resistance that can be started under the setting value of zero-sequence current. An example is given to illustrate the proposed method， and the results show that the steady-state monitoring information of the substation automation system can remarkably improved the detection performance of single-phase grounding fault of small resistance grounding systems.

Cytochrome c (cyt c) is an important multifunctional protein. In mitochondria, it acts as a carrier for electron transporting. In cytoplasm, it may act as an apoptotic initiator to initiate the apoptotic process. Whether and how a complex cytoplasmic environment affects its conformation has not been confirmed yet. In this study, the conformational changes of wild type saccharomyces cerevisiae iso-1 cyt c in yeast cell homogenate were tracked by methyl-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. At least four different oxidative conformations and one reduced conformation of cyt c were identified in cell homogenate. And over time, the transitions among different conformations of cyt c were observed. The results indicate that the conformation of cyt c changes with environment, which may be closely related to resistance to oxidative stress.

Based on literature analysis, this paper reviews the evolution path of Japan's food education policy and analyzes the content and purpose of the basic law of food education. Based on the perspectives of multiple objectives and multi-subject role division, the author summarizes the experience of Japan's food education policy promotion. Their experiences mainly include: clear division of labor between the central and local governments, central unification and respect for local autonomy. Food breeding roots from a young age; Diversified feeding action plans; Planning food education courses with characteristics.

In order to improve the control precision and anti-disturbance performance of the flexible manipulator, a combined control method based on improved active disturbance rejection control and sliding mode control was proposed. Firstly, the dynamic model was constructed by the Lagrange method and assumed mode method, and then the flexible arm was decoupled by singular perturbation theory to obtain the slow-varying and fast-varying subsystems. For the slow-varying subsystem, the improved active disturbance rejection control was used to achieve trajectory tracking, and a new fal function was constructed to solve the problems that the inflection point of the fal function was not smooth, which easily caused the system chattering and the system gain was large when the error was large. At the same time, sliding mode control was used to replace the nonlinear state error feedback control, a new reaching law was adopted in order to improve the control quality of sliding mode control. For fast-varying subsystem, sliding mode control was used for vibration suppression. The Matlab simulation results show that the combined control method has better trajectory tracking performance, anti-disturbance performance and vibration suppression performance than the traditional active disturbance rejection control.

[Objective] In order to solve the problem of extensive land use and low-efficiency idle land, the differential collection policy of land use tax has been explored in China since 2014. Through the adjustment of land taxation, this policy aimed primarily to guide land users in improving the efficiency of stock land use. There has been an increasing number of cities that have begun to explore the implementation of differentiated urban land use tax policy. This policy represents an innovative macro-control tool to enhance the efficiency of urban land use, but its practical effects have yet to be determined. This study investigated the impact of differential tax policy of urban land use on the efficiency of industrial land use and explained how this policy was implemented. [Methods] In this study, the differential tax policy of urban land use is viewed as a “quasi-natural experiment”. Based on the panel data of 277 prefecture-level and above cities across the country from 2009 to 2019, the impact of this policy on the efficiency of industrial land use was explored with the help of a multi-period difference-in-differences (multi-period DID) model. This study also used heterogeneity analysis to examine the impact of different collection methods on the efficiency of industrial land use. The mediation effect model was used to further verify the impact mechanism of the policy on the efficiency of industrial land use. [Results] The differential tax policy of urban land use can significantly enhance the efficiency of industrial land use. Robustness tests confirm that the results of the study are valid. Heterogeneity analysis indicated that the positive effects of the policy on the efficiency of industrial land use were more pronounced under the tax relief mode than under the post-expropriation return mode. Furthermore, the analysis of the impact mechanism indicated that the policy primarily improved the efficiency of industrial land use by promoting technological innovation and adjusting the industrial structure. [Conclusion] The multi-period DID model can be useful for objectively analyzing the effects of differential urban land use tax policies on industrial land use efficiency. The innovative approach to urban land use taxation has great significance for optimizing the allocation of industrial land in urban stock and promoting land use that is economically and intensively productive.

The analysis of the aerodynamic interference of the downwash on wings under different intensities on both sides of the rotor of the composite high-speed helicopter, can provide a certain reference for the design and optimization of the aerodynamic shape of the similar configuration helicopter.The unsteady momentum source method is used to perform the numerical simulation of the flow field of a composite high-speed helicopter in hovering and forward flight states, and the aerodynamic effects of different downwash on both sides of the rotor on wings are analyzed.The effect of aerodynamic characteristics on changing the height of the rotor disc and the aspect ratio of wing is studied.The results show that, when the composite high-speed helicopter flies forward, the peak lift difference between the two sides of the wing is decreased with the increase of the rotor disc height, and the peak value falls at a lower speed.With the increase of the wing aspect ratio, the peak lift difference between the two sides is decreased.Under the condition of same speed after the peak value, the slender the wing is, the smaller the lift difference between the two sides is.

Due to long-term alternating load, engineering thin-walled structures will produce fatigue cracks, and most of them are penetrative cracks, which will lead to difficult repair and irreplaceable problems in engineering. Therefore, a coating technology is proposed to repair and crack arrest thin-walled structures. Thin plate test pieces related to practical engineering were made, and cracks were preset. The test piece was going to be subjected to the first-order bending resonance state and the excitation test with the foundation excitation of 10g on the vibration test bench until cracks appear. Two kinds of coatings, NiCrAl coating and NiCrAl transition layer + ZrO2 functional layer composite coating, were applied to the test piece by double-sided spraying method to repair the crack, and the excitation test was repeated. Comparing the crack propagation time and propagation rate of the test piece before and after coating, the influence of NiCrAl coating and ZrO2 coating on the crack propagation of the thin-walled plate test piece was analyzed. The crack arrest effect of the coating on the thin-walled plate is verified.

In order to achieve the dual carbon development goals and support the development of new power system, it is necessary to gradually realize the digital transformation of decision-making business. For this purpose, the typical characteristics, development blueprint and digital transformation requirements of the new power system were analyzed, the “three stages” digital transformation system of development business was constructed, and the digital transformation idea of “from far to near, and then from near to far” was proposed. The transformation path deduction scheme based on “informatization-digitization-intellectualization” was formulated. Finally, taking the planning business as an example, the digital transformation path and implementation strategy of the planning business was deduced, the effectiveness of the method was verified. It has reference significance for the promotion of the development of the whole business digital transformation.

D flip-flop is the basis of timing logic circuit, and SEMU phenomenon tends to be serious with the integrated circuit process size shrinking to nanometer scale. The anti-SEU ability based on DICE structure for D flip-flop cannot meet the requirements of aerospace engineering. Based on the SEU reinforcement technology of D flip-flop under nano-technology and the SEU mechanism of DICE structure, a layout-level anti-SEU flip-flop design method based on DICE circuit structure is proposed considering the circuit performance, area, power consumption and other resource costs. And then a D flip-flop with SEU resistance is designed by commercial 65 nm process, and the designed flip-flop area is 1.8 times that of commercial structure flip-flop. The function and and radiation simulation results indicate that the establishment time and transmission delay of the flip-flop are equivalent to those of the commercial one, and no SEU occurs under the Ge ion bombardment with the LET threshold of approximately 37 MeV·cm2/mg. The performance of the flip-flop circuit and the ability to resist single particle soft error are excellent. In the anti-radiation ASIC design, the area, wiring resources and timing overhead caused by the reinforcement of the D flip-flop circuit are greatly saved.

Green development of the agricultural whole industry chain (AWIC) is vital for enhancing agricultural products’competitiveness and increasing added value of the industry; it is also inevitable for improving resource utilization efficiency and ensuring sustainable economic growth. In this study, we define the concept of AWIC green development and analyze its characteristics based on existing theories of AWIC and agriculture green development. We analyze the AWIC development status, major challenges, and feasible pathways in China. Our study shows that critical dilemmas regarding the AWIC green transformation include insufficient systematic design, short industrial chain, difficulty in participation of small- and medium-sized entities, low resource utilization efficiency, lack of value-added effect, and lack of ecological synergy. The AWIC green transformation and policy support are essential in elevating values for the whole industry chain. The major pathways for AWIC green development include internal circulation integration, horizontal expansion, vertical element integration, and cross-industrial integration. We suggest that China should strengthen top-level design, boost innovation, expand ecological advantages, improve supervision services of the whole industry, and explore benefit coupling mechanisms. These measures can complete the industrial layout, optimize the product value transformation system, and promote the AWIC green development.

In order to fully understand the current research situation in field of deep coal mining, took the relevant literature of web of science database from 2003 to 2021 as a sample, this paper made an in-depth analysis on the number of papers issued, research institutions, countries, authors, literature citations, keywords and disciplines.The results showed that China's research level is at the forefront of the world in terms of the number of papers issued, research institutions and national levels; Chinese scholars pay high attention to this field in terms of the author; highly cited documents are mostly engineering and technical studies in terms of literature citation; from the perspective of keyword development and evolution, the keywords in this field mainly focus on model, rock, numerical simulation, mechanism and stress, model and numerical simulation will be the important research methods in this field in the future.From the perspective of discipline development and evolution, disciplines in this field mainly focus on engineering, geology, multidisciplinary geoscience, energy and fuel, environmental science and ecology, sustainable development will become the hot research directions in the future.

ObjectiveTo determine the reporting rate of adverse reaction of Haemophilus influenzae type b （Hib） containing vaccine in Songjiang District from 2016 to 2020， so as to provide evidence for the inclusion of Hib vaccine in children's immunization planning and safety monitoring.MethodsThe adverse reaction data of Hib vaccination were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and presented by descriptive methods.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2020， the reporting rate of adverse reaction of various Hib-containing vaccines in Songjiang District was determined to be 747.76/105 doses， among which the rates of general reaction and abnormal reaction were 734.31/105 doses and 13.45/105 doses， respectively. The reporting rate of general reaction was significantly higher than that of abnormal reaction （χ2=1 400.18，P

Objective To investigate the difference of electroreactivity and electrocoagulation of commonly used interventional materials. Methods The resistance of different types of micro⁃guide wire and spring coil are measured with a multimeter to obtain the physical parameters reflecting the conductivity. The in vitro electrolytic gas production experiment was carried out with physiological saline and isolated arterial blood of New Zealand white rabbits as the medium, the gas production data were obtained, and the thrombus adhesion on the surface of the materials was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results The resistance measurement results showed ASAHI, SilverSpeed, Traxcess micro⁃guide wire and Axium spring coil have good conductivity, the electrolytic gas production could occur after power⁃up, and the voltage was positively correlated with gas production speed (P＜0.05, for all). The results of in vitro arterial blood electrocoagulation showed that better thrombosis quality could be obtained by increasing the voltage. Conclusions The micro⁃guide wire and spring coil used for intra⁃arterial electrocoagulation can preliminarily selected by resistance measurement, and the voltage is the key factor to determine the electrical reaction intensity and thrombosis quality.

Objective To explore the protective mechanism of geraninn on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Methods Forty-eight BALB/c mice (female, 4 weeks old, 18~22 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=8): the blank group(control group), the LPS group, the dexamethasone group (Dex group, 2mg/kg), the geraninn low dose group (LD group, 10 mg/kg), the geraninn medium dose group (MD gruop, 20 mg/kg) and the geraninn high dose group (HD group, 40 mg/kg). The mice in blank group and LPS group were fed with normal saline, the mice in the Dex group were fed with dexamethasone and the mice in geraniin groups were given corresponding dose of drugs. Normal saline and all tested drugs were given once a day for 3 d. In 1 h later after the last administration, the acute lung injury model was established by using intranasal drip of LPS (4 mg/kg) in all groups except the blank group. In 6 h after modeling, the wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio of the lung tissues of mice in each group was collected. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining, and the number of inflammatory cells in broncho alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood was measured; The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in plasma and BALF were detected by ELISA. The amount of p-NF-κBp65 was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with the blank group, the alveolar structure in LPS group was destroyed, inflammatory cell infiltrated, and the contents of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and BALF in the LPS group increased; The W/D weight ratio of the lung tissues, the number of macrophages and neutrophils in BALF and serum, the relative expression of p-NF-κBp65 in lung tissue also increased(P < 0.01). Compared with the LPS group, pathological state of the lung tissues improved obviously among the groups (except the blank group); The contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α in the serum and BALF, the W/D ratio of the lung tissues, the numbers of macrophages and neutrophils in BALF and the relative expression of p-NF-κBp65 of the lung tissue decreased evidently(P < 0.05). Conclusion Geraninn has a protective effect on acute lung injury in mice, and its mechanism may be related to the effect that geraninn leads to repression of p-NF-κB p65 and reduces the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α).

An improved RDN image super-resolution reconstruction network incorporating multi-scale residual dense network (MSRDN) was proposed to address the problem of inadequate use of image features in common single-image super-resolution (SISR) reconstruction networks. Firstly, the shallow features were extracted from the input low-resolution image. Then, the feature extraction module was jointly constructed using convolutional layers and local residual learning structures, and the multiplexed structure of the module at different scales was used to fully extract the multi-scale detail features of the image. Next, a top-down and bottom-up feature fusion module was constructed to fully fuse and correlate the collected multi-scale features to construct image features with richer detail information. Finally, the extracted features were sent to the image reconstruction module for the final super-resolution image reconstruction. The experimental results show that the proposed MSRDN network exhibits better visual results compared to networks such as SMSR on the three super-resolution benchmark sets of Set5, Set14 and BSD100, with the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) the obtained peak singal improved by 0.8 dB on average, and structural similarity (SSIM) by an average of 0.02.