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【Objective】Compared to Electronic Packet Switching (EPS), Optical Circuit Switching (OCS) demonstrates advantages in latency, power consumption, cost, and stability. This study aims to explore feasible applications of OCS in the networking of training tasks by analyzing parallel partitioning strategies, collective communication requirements, traffic patterns, and current network architectures in large model pretraining, in order to fully leverage the benefits of OCS.【Methods】We propose a mechanism for network device redundancy protection using multiple small-port OCS devices, enabling rapid switching without interrupting training tasks in the event of Top-of-Rack (ToR) switch failures. Additionally, we advocate for the exclusive service of OCS to data parallelism, requiring configuration only at the start of the task.【Results】We present several feasible opto-electronic networking architectures and specific configurations under different AllReduce algorithms, including joint optimization of collective communication algorithms and architectural design to achieve optimal bandwidth.【Conclusion】By adequately integrating the traffic models of training tasks, OCS can seamlessly blend into existing EPS network architectures and optimize the large model pretraining from multiple perspectives, including cost, low power consumption, reduced latency, and enhanced stability.

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45b (GADD45b) was initially discovered to be involved in processes such as cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis. It is an important signal regulatory molecule in cells, responsible for signal transduction under various physiological or environmental stimuli. The GADD45b gene belongs to the GADD45 gene family. This gene is commonly expressed in human and fetal tissues, but the expression is tissue-specific, with high expression in the liver and bone marrow. The GADD45b protein is a small, evolutionarily conserved acidic protein distributed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Research has shown that GADD45b is closely associated with signaling pathways such as p38/MAPK and TGFβ/Smad3, and it has functions including improving tissue fibrosis and inflammation progression, inhibiting cell autophagy, and enhancing neural function recovery. GADD45b plays a significant role in tumors, innate immunity, neurological diseases, and disorders of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing year by year in China and has become a serious public health issue in the country. Disorders in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism are major causes of NAFLD. Multiple studies have shown that GADD45b gene and protein exhibit abnormal expression in liver diseases with hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Previous research has found that GADD45b can increase the stability of the FoxO1 protein in hepatocytes, and enhance the expression of PGC1a, thereby promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis. Additionally, GADD45b can inhibit fatty acid transport in hepatocytes by binding to FABP1 and reduce hepatic steatosis by interacting with HSP72 protein. Therefore, the roles of GADD45b in promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis, inhibiting fatty acid transport, and reducing steatosis may form the basis for research into treatments for hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and liver diseases. This paper reviews the characteristics and functions of the GADD45b protein, as well as recent advances in the study of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism and liver diseases, aiming to provide reference for further GADD45b research.

BackgroundSchizophrenic patients have metabolic disorders， impaired language and information processing function. Inflammatory factors may play an important role in the occurrence and development of schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of the inflammatory factor levels with metabolic levels， language fluency and information processing function in patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide references for clinical understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms of schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 96 patients with schizophrenia were included in the study group， who were hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2021 to December 2022 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview （MINI） 6.0 .Meanwhile， population who underwent physical examination at the same hospital were included in the control group （n=42）. A high-sensitivity multi factor electrochemiluminescence analyzer was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors IL-4， IL-5， IL-7， IL-8， IL-10 and IL-13. A fully automated biochemical analyzer was used to detect the levels of metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose， triglycerides， high-density lipoprotein， apolipoprotein A， creatinine and urea nitrogen. Verbal fluency and information processing function of all participants were assessed by using Verbal Fluency Test （VFT） and Stroop Color Word Test （SCWT）.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the levels of IL-4， IL-5， IL-7， IL-8， IL-10， IL-13 and IL-15 between the study group and the control group （P

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of daphnetin (Dap) on gastric cancer cells and its mechanism. Methods Gastric cancer AGS cells were treated with Dap at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 μmol/L, and the effect on cell viability was evaluated after 48 h using the MTT assay. AGS cells were divided into groups A to E, and each group was treated with Dap at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 μmol/L, respectively, for 48 h. Each group was observed for changes in cell count and morphology using optical microscopy and crystal violet staining. DCF staining was used to evaluate the effect of Dap on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in AGS cells in groups A to D, while JC-1 staining was used to evaluate the effect of Dap on the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in AGS cells in groups A to D. Western blot was conducted to measure the expression levels of LC3 and P62 proteins in AGS cells in groups A to D, and changes in autophagic flux in AGS cells were measured by Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B staining. Results Dap significantly inhibited AGS cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (F=321.50,t=12.44-34.77,P

Objective As a key structure for carrying the vehicle, the abnormal vibration of bogies has a direct impact on the service performance of rail transit trains. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the fatigue of vehicle bogies. Method In response to the abnormal bogie vibration on a certain urban rail transit train, a main line passenger tracking test is conducted to analyze the dynamic stress in the key areas for the testing vehicle. Combined with the elastic mode of bogie frame, the frame vibration and main frequency of wheel-rail excitation under different track types are compared and studied. Result & Conclusion The equivalent stress (σaeq) of 17 measuring points on train bogie frame exceeds the limit of 70 MPa before wheel reprofiling, while only one measuring point exceeds the limit after wheel reprofiling. Therefore, wheel off roundness has a significant impact on the dynamic stress of the frame. The main frequency of the frame dynamic stress signal both before and after wheel reprofiling is 59 Hz in the low-frequency range, and the main frequency energy still exists after wheel reprofiling, indicating that its correlation with train running speed and wheel off roundness is relatively small. The main frequency of dynamic stress signal is above 700 Hz in the high-frequency range. Since the high-frequency σaeq is mainly within 25 MPa, its contribution to the damage of bogie frame is very small. This type of bogie frame has an elastic mode with a frequency of about 59 Hz, where motor and side beam nod in the opposite direction. The frequency of this elastic mode is consistent with the main frequency of the dynamic stress signal of vehicle dynamic stress measurement points on three track types: long sleeper integrated track bed+ZX-2 fastener, short sleeper integrated track bed+ZX-2 fastener, and floating plate track bed (high-end steel)+ZX-2 fastener. However, this main frequency does not exist on other track types, indicating that the elastic mode of the frame is excited on some track types, causing excessive fatigue damage values. The vertical vibration main frequencies of the vehicle axle box on this line are 60.5 Hz and 37.0 Hz respectively, of which 60.5 Hz is mainly generated by the coupling effect between the vehicle and the track, and 37.0 Hz has a certain correlation with the vibration damping fasteners. Therefore, the combination of track bed and fastener types has a significant impact on the wheel rail vibration.

ObjectiveTo isolate and identify a bacteriophage of Enterococcus faecalis and to analyze its biological characteristics.MethodsThe host bacteria was isolated from the process of yak slaughtering and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The bacteriophage was isolated from the environmental sewage and was purified. The titer of bacteriophages was determined using the double-layer plate method. The morphology of bacteriophage was observed by transmission electron microscopy； the bacteriophage lysis profiles， optimal infection complex， and one-step growth curve were determined； the effects of pH， UV irradiation， temperature， and organic solvents on bacteriophages have been studied. Furthermore， the lytic activity of the bacteriophage against the host bacteria was determined.ResultsThe host bacteria were identified as E. faecalis by 16S rRNA sequencing. A bacteriophage named P45 was isolated from sewage to lyse E. faecalis. Electron microscopy showed that the bacteriophage was a tadpole-shaped long-tailed bacteriophage， which has a hexahedral head and its length is （200±5） nm. The bacteriophage had obvious lysis effect on four strains of E. faecalis. Bacteriophage’s optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.1. The results of one-step growth curve showed that the incubation period was 50 min， the lysis period was 190 min， and the burst size was 1 PFU/cell. This bacteriophage survived at pH=2 to 3，which titers were 1.05×102 PFU/mL and 1.85×103 PFU/mL. At 75 ℃， this bacteriophage was completely inactivated. Bacteriophage’s titer was decreased by UV irradiation， and it was not sensitive to organic solvents.ConclusionThis bacteriophage has a good lysis effect and has potential application on the prevention or control of E. faecalis contamination.

Purposes In actual processing of factories, the varying health status of each machine can cause machine failures and subsequently affect the processing and construction time. This article focuses on the problem of flexible job shops with machine disturbances. In order to reduce the impact of machine failures on production planning, a rescheduling model for machine disturbances and breakpoint finding is proposed. A mathematical model is constructed with the optimization objectives of the minimum processing time and the minimum total delay time. Methods The improved grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO-GA) is proposed as a global optimization search algorithm for solution. In order to improve the convergence rate of its gray wolf algorithm, the work piece coding iteration is introduced with an adaptive operator be added, and the POX crossover of genetic algorithm is used to iterate the machine coding. Findings The validation is conducted on the solid wood workshop data of piano manufacturing enterprises, and the results show that compared with genetic algorithm, NSGA, and PSO-GA, the improved grey wolf algorithm has advantages of high efficiency, good accuracy, and good practical value in solving this scheduling problem.

In order to study the chemical constituents from Chloranthus henryi and their antitumor activities in vitro. The chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction, extracted with 95% ethanol from C. henryi were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparation liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified by the physicochemical properties, spectral data combined with relevant literatures. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were evaluated by MTT method. The results were as follows: (1) Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as pipercyclobutanamide C (1), chololactone A (2), sarcanolide B (3), oxacol A (4), chloramultiol D (5), chlorasessilifol B (6), chlorajaponol (7), tianmushanol (8), spicachlorantins B (9), spicachlorantins A (10), serrachlorin A (11), chloramultiols A (12). Among them, Compound 1 was identified as a new compound, and except for Compound 8, all the other compounds were isolated from the C. henryi for the first time. (2) The cytotoxic activity test results showed that only compounds 2 and 7 had good inhibitory effects on HeLa cells in vitro, while the other compounds showed no inhibition effects. The IC50 of the two compounds were (4.50±0.27) μmol·L-1 and (4.25±0.08) μmol·L-1 respectively. In conclusion, the study enriches the chemical constituents of C. henryi, and provides a reference for the further exploration and utilization of this Chloranthus herb plants.

Objective To analyze the medication usage and compatibility patterns of Chinese herbal medicine compound formulas in patents for intervening in colorectal cancer (CRC) over the past 20 years based on data mining, in order to provide a foundation for the development of new clinical medications. Methods Patented Chinese herbal medicine compound formulas for treating CRC were retrieved in the Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from their inception until January 17, 2024. Data analysis was performed using Excel 2019 software to assess drug frequency, properties, flavors, and meridian associations. SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 27 software suites were used for deriving drug association rules and performing cluster analysis. A complex network of core drug co-occurrences was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software to demonstrate associations of potential new formulations and new drugs. Results In total, 158 Chinese herbal medicine compound patents were included for CRC treatment, encompassing 448 Chinese herbal medicines. High-frequency medicines included Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi), Hedyotis diffusa (Baihua Sheshecao), Poria cocos (Fuling), Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu), etc. The predominant type of medicine was deficiency-tonifying drugs, with the nature of the drugs being primarily cold and warm, and the flavors mostly bitter, sweet, and pungent. The meridians were chiefly associated with the liver, spleen, lung, and stomach. Herbs commonly used for pairs included Scutellariae barbatae Herba (Banzhilian), Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu), Poria cocos (Fuling), etc., while commonly used triangular medicines included Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) and Hedyotis diffusa (Baihua Sheshecao). There were four clusters of drugs, including Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Banzhilian)- Hedyotis diffusa (Baihua Sheshecao), and five groups of potential drugs, including “Phyllanthus emblica (Yuganzi)-Radix hedysari (Hongqi)-Semen punicae granati (Shiliuzi)-Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Chuanjiao)-Entada phaseoloides (Hetengzi)”. The core new formula for treating CRC was selected through topological attribute analysis. Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine patent formulas for treating CRC primarily use tonifying herbs, employing methods such as tonifying Qi and supporting the body, clearing heat and dampness, and resolving blood stasis and detoxification. The clustering of drugs focuses on Hedyotis diffusa (Baihua Sheshecao) and Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Banzhilian), which may offer new formulation ideas and provide reference for clinical treatment and new drug development for CRC.

Sewage treatment filler can improve the effect of sewage treatment, but its clogging problem will reduce the treatment capacity and deteriorate the operating conditions, which needs to be solved urgently. In order to improve the anti-clogging ability of sewage treatment filler, this paper reviewed the relevant research on the clogging of sewage treatment filler. The formation mechanism of clogging for sewage treatment filler was summarized from the aspects of filler characteristics, application scenarios, material classification, clogging characteristics, development mechanisms and influencing factors. Seven common control measures for clogging of sewage treatment filler were discussed from three aspects:pre-event,in-event and post-event. According to current studies, the research suggestions on clogging formation mechanism, clogging control measures and filler design optimization were proposed to provide support for the subsequent research and technology development of sewage treatment fillers, and improve the application of sewage treatment fillers.

The impact of high-voltage direct current （HVDC） transmission systems on inter-provincial power flow models is addressed by proposing a coordinated trading method for the inter-provincial electricity spot market （hereinafter referred to as the inter-provincial market）. The process of inter-provincial market expansion is divided into a provincial agent bidding curve model and a coordinated inter-provincial market trading model. The method employs an AC-DC decoupling approach for power flow calculations within and between provinces. The provincial agent bidding curve model， with the provincial generation and load demand as decision variables， derives the agent bidding curves for provincial units/loads participating in the inter-provincial market through a regional equivalent model. The coordinated inter-provincial market trading model， using the inter-provincial market trading values as decision variables， achieves market clearing through ADMM （alternating direction method of multipliers）， ensuring a distributed transformation of coordinated trading to prevent leakage of information regarding provincial units and network topology during the trading process. Case studies demonstrate that this method maximizes the overall revenue of the inter-provincial market while safeguarding information privacy and security.

Objective The delayed lateral displacement of elastic wheels occurs in a certain type of tram during servive, significantly affecting the safe operation and maintenance of the vehicle. Method Experimental research is conducted using methods such as quality inspection of elastic wheels, train mainline testing, and simulation calculations to analyze the causes of delayed lateral displacement of wheels in depth. Result & Conclusion The analysis results indicate that the inherent product performance of elastic wheels meets the standards and service requirements, with high stability and reliability. The vibration level of trains in small curve sections is higher than that in straight sections, with a root mean square value of vertical vibration reaching 2.77g. Moreover, there is a vibration dominant frequency of 300 to 450 Hz in curve sections, matching the natural modal frequency of the elastic wheels at 340.37 Hz, resulting in coupling resonance between the wheels and the rai in this section. Therefore, it is recommended that in the operation and maintenance of the wheel-rail railway lubrication operations should be strengthened on one hand and the inspection frequency of rail corrugation in small curve sections be increased on the other hand to reduce the wheel-rail friction coefficient and improve the operating environment for wheel maintenance.

Objective Wheel wear directly affects the vibration environment of metro vehicles. Severe abnormal wear can lead to structural fatigue exceeding the limit, reducing the safety of train operation. Therefore, it is necessary to study the wear and reprofiling strategy of metro vehicle wheels to improve the maintenance level. Method Taking a certain type of metro vehicle in China as the research object, the wear law of metro vehicle wheels is analyzed. Based on the wear model of metro vehicle wheels and the prediction of wheel remaining service life, the variation characteristics of wheel key parameters in different operating stages are analyzed. Based on the comprehensive results of simulation models and field-measured data, an optimization plan for the operation and maintenance strategy is proposed. Result & Conclusion The results indicate that in the early stage of operation, the proportion of wheel loss from reprofiling is relatively high, and with the improvement of wheel-rail matching, wheel-rail wear replaces reprofiling loss as the main wear mode. Properly reducing the wheel-rail friction coefficient and the operating speed is beneficial for reducing the wheel-rail wear power. The use of small-scale reprofiling methods and flexible feed amount effectively reduces wheel radial wear and prolongs their service life. The research results can provide corresponding measures for reducing wheel-rail wear on metro lines and optimizing wheel reprofiling technology.

Background With the deepening of aging in China, there is an increasing demand for home care services for disabled elderly individuals. The evaluation of service quality provides an assurance for the implementation of high-quality services. Objective To develop a quality indicator system for the delivery of home care services to the disabled elderly population in Beijing based on the Delphi method, so as to offer objective criteria for evaluating the quality of home care services provided by community health service institutions. Methods Based on literature research and qualitative study, a preliminary pool of indicator system entries for the indicator system was formed, and an expert correspondence form was designed from March to May 2021. A total of 21 community nursing, general practice, and management research personnel experts with rich experience in the field of home medical services and elderly comprehensive assessment in Beijing were selected, and an expert correspondence form was sent to them by email from June to October 2021 to conduct three rounds of Delphi expert correspondence. The experts' personal information and authority were recorded and analyzed, to the establish a quality indicator system for home care services for disabled elderly individuals in Beijing. Results All three rounds of expert correspondence form were returned and valid, with a 100.00% positive coefficient of experts from the 21 selected experts who had a mean expert authority score of 0.927 (ranging from 0.700 to 1.000), indicating an acceptable level of expertise. The first, second, and third rounds of expert correspondence yielded importance and feasibility coordination coefficients of 0.170 and 0.140 (P

Currently, research on rapid excavation technology mainly focuses on the influencing factors and equipment optimization of rapid excavation. There is relatively little research on the joint optimization of roadway empty roof distance, support parameters, and construction technology. In order to solve the above problem, the study focuses on the return air roadway of the 1309 working face in the No.2 of Tianshuibao Coal Mine in Huanxian County, Gansu Province. The study investigates the optimization methods of coal roadway support parameters and equipment technology. The study analyzes the time features of each process of roadway excavation. It is found that excavation, permanent support, and temporary support take the most time, accounting for 25.3%, 49.9%, and 6.2% respectively. Focusing on the three most time-consuming processes as the optimization direction, a mechanical model of the roof in the goaf area of the excavation face is constructed. The theoretical maximum empty roof distance of the excavation face is obtained to be 2.32 meters. Considering the influence of equipment, geology, technology and other factors on site, the empty roof distance is determined to be 2.0 meters. Based on the distribution features of stress, deformation, and plastic zone in the surrounding rock of the roadway under different support schemes, combined with the efficient excavation requirements of the roadway, the optimal spacing between anchor rods is determined to be 800 mm × 1000 mm. Based on the actual geological conditions of the roadway, the excavation equipment, temporary support technology, and construction technology are optimized and matched. The on-site test results show that after optimization, the maximum daily footage has been increased from 8 meters to 10 meters, and the roadway excavation speed has been increased by 25%. The deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway is basically in a stable state, with a maximum deformation of 226 mm. The optimization plan not only ensures the safety and stability of the roadway, but also significantly improves the excavation speed of the roadway.

【Objective】 Vertically rotary sub-soiling tillage is a new cultivation method to improve soil water storage. In this study, the effect of its combination with saline water irrigation on water and salt movement in soil were studied. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a laboratory. It consisted of three salinity treatments with salt concentration of the irrigation water being 0 g/L (S1), 3 g/L (S2), and 5 g/L (S3) respectively, and two tillage treatments: conventional tillage (FG) and vertically rotary sub-soiling tillage (FL). For each treatment, we measured the movement of water and salt in the soil. 【Result】 With the increase in irrigation water salinity, regardless of tillage, irrigation water infiltration rate and advancing rate of the wetting front in the vertical direction both increased first followed by a decline, while the advancing rate in the horizontal wetting front increased steadily. Compared to FG, FL reduced the infiltration time by 8.70, 15.27 and 14.89%, and the advancing time of the horizontal wetting front by 10.00, 17.39 and 20.95%, respectively, for salinity treatment S1, S2 and S3. The Kostiakov model accurately described the relationship between the cumulative infiltration and infiltration time for the two tillage treatments with R2>0.99. After 20 days since irrigation, the soil moisture content in FL was lower than that in FG when irrigation water salinity was the same, while under the same tillage, the soil moisture content increased with irrigation water salinity, despite at insignificant levels. After 20 days since irrigation, soil desalination rate in FL was 42.95%-55.98%, compared to 32.34%-43.29% in FL. It was also found that for salinity treatment S1, S2 and S3, the average soil salinity in FL decreased by 22.38%, 18.54% and 15.68%, respectively, compared to those in FG. 【Conclusion】 Saline water irrigation combined with vertically rotary sub-soiling tillage improves irrigation water infiltration, advancing of wetting fronts, as well as soil desalination. For all treatments we compared, vertically rotary sub-soiling tillage combined with an irrigation water salinity of 3 g/L is optimal.

With the continuous improvement of the operating temperature of aero transmission under the high-speed and high load, gear scuffing failure has become a key factor restricting the performance of aircrafts. To efficiently predict the operating temperature of aero gears, a sequential coupling numerical analysis method of the gear temperature is proposed for an aero engine gear, which simulates the bulk temperature and flash temperature under different working conditions, considering factors such as solid-liquid-gas multi-state flow heat exchange and heat dissipation coefficients of different tooth surfaces. The simulated gear contact temperature is compared with calculation results of ISO/TS 6336-20 and shows consistency, the largest deviation between which under different working conditions is controlled within 10%. When the input speed is 22 400 r/min and the torque is 119.4 N∙m, the split large gear contact temperature reaches 242.6 ℃, the scuffing safety factor is 1.22, and there is a risk of scuffing failure. The proposed simulation analysis method can effectively predict the operating temperature of aero high-speed gears, and provide an efficient and reliable method for assessing the risk of aero gear scuffing failure.

1,3-Diacylglycerol (DAG) has been well recognized as a safe food component. The metabolic pathway of DAG in the body is different from that of triacylglycerol, and DAG has been demonstrated to contribute to improving metabolism and preventing obesity and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mass fraction of natural DAG in edible oils and fats is less than 10%, so the preparation of high-purity DAG has received widespread attention in recent years. Enzymatic synthesis is the method of choice for the industrial preparation of DAG due to the advantages of eco-friendliness, safety and desirable selectivity over chemical synthesis. Edible livestock and poultry fats, as by-products of slaughter and processing, have a special flavor and nutritional value. However, their undesirable physicochemical properties, especially high melting points and high levels of saturated fatty acids and cholesterols, highly limit their applications in the food industry. In light of this, the synthesis of DAG from edible livestock and poultry fats is a promising approach for their high-value utilization. The current status of the enzymatic synthesis and the potential application of DAG from livestock and poultry fats are reviewed in this article. It is anticipated that this review will provide new ideas for researchers interested in the enzymatic preparation and high-value utilization of DAG from livestock and poultry fats.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have attracted much attention recently due to the adverse effects on cardiovascular system. CMD is a potential factor leading to myocardial ischemia, which is closely related to the occurrence, progression and poor prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. MetS is a group of metabolic diseases caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is an association between CMD and MetS, understanding the complex interactions between the two diseases is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. This article aims to review the development of MetS and CMD, and the relationship of the components of MetS with CMD, as well as the diagnosis, treatment and future research directions of these diseases.

AlCrNiFeTi high-entropy alloy (HEA) with a diameter of 7 mm was prepared as electrode by vacuum arc melting method, and AlCrNiFeTi high-entropy alloy coating was successfully prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel by using electric spark deposition technology. The microstructure and friction and wear properties of the coatings were studied by XRD, OM, EDS, SEM, microhardness tester and friction and wear tester. The results show that both the AlCrNiFeTi electrode and the coating are dominated by BCC1 and BCC2 simple solid solutions, and the microstructure of the electrode is typical of dendrites. The coating is formed by stacking and spreading of deposition points, and the surface is uniform and dense as orange peel, convex and concave, unfolding for sputtering pattern, and there is no macroscopic defects in the coating cross-section structure, and the thickness is about 59.67 μm.The maximal microhardness of AlCrNiFeTi coating is 587.3HV0.2, which is about 2.45 times higher than that of the base material. As the load increases, the wear mechanism of the coating changes from oxidized wear and slight abrasive wear to abrasive and adhesive wear. When the friction load is 5 N, the wear rate is 1.213×10-3 mm3/(N·m), and the friction coefficient is only 0.446. The wear rate of the coating decreases by about 28.3% compared with that of the substrate.

High quality marine natural resource management cannot be achieved without the support of data and information. Given the unique nature of marine data, the processing of marine environmental data often involves long time series or large-scale processing work. For data processing work mainly focused on intensive computing, universal cloud platforms have prominent issues of low efficiency. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the native resource scheduling algorithms on the Hadoop platform and the characteristics of intensive computing in ocean data processing, this paper innovatively proposes a genetic algorithm task scheduling strategy based on a competitive model. The use of chaotic algorithm mechanism as the basis for genetic algorithm population initialization ensures that the solution space obtained during each initialization can be uniformly distributed, effectively solving the problem of genetic algorithm solving speed being greatly affected by the initialization population and population evolution measurement. In addition, in order to speed up rate of convergence, competition mechanism is introduced and an adaptive evolution model based on population competition is proposed. Through the actual verification and comparison of the built models, it is proved that the improved algorithm is superior to the traditional genetic algorithm in rate of convergence and stability of the convergence results, and has greatly improved the ability and efficiency of improving the resource scheduling of the ocean cloud platform.

Objective To analyze the concentration of galactomannan (GM) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and its value in the diagnosis of COVID-19 related invasive pulmonary fungal infection(IPFI). Methods From 2022 to 2023, 41 patients with COVID-19 related IPFI confirmed, clinically diagnosed or to be diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were taken as the experimental group, and 42 patients with simple pneumonia were taken as the control group. Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage was performed in both groups, and the contents of GM in both BALF and serum were detected at the same time. The concentration difference and clinical diagnostic value of GM between the two groups of different specimens were analyzed, and ROC was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher BALF GM concentrations [（2.27±1.78） ng/L vs (0.51±0.28) ng/L, t =6.329, P＜0.01) and serum GM concentrations [(1.57±0.56) ng/L vs (0.32±0.11) ng/L, t =14.190, P＜0.01＝. The optimal cut-off value for diagnosing IPFI with BALF was 1.82 ng/L, with sensitivity and specificity of 77.9% and 89.2%, respectively, and AUC of 0.92 (95%CI: 0.871-0.955). The optimal cut-off value for serum was 0.67 ng/L, with sensitivity and specificity of 64.9% and 92.2%, respectively, and AUC of 0.89 (95%CI: 0.854-0.925). However, the false positive rate of BALF was slightly higher than that of serum (10.8% vs 7.8%). Conclusion GM can be serve of as a good indicator for evaluating IPFI related to COVID-19. The GM detection in BALF has more clinical value in the diagnosis of IPFI than serum.

Random wind speed causes frequent load fluctuations in the wind turbine gearbox transmission system, resulting in complex structural deformations and gear deflections, which aggravate the risk of gear contact failure. A novel method to improve the fatigue performance of wind turbine gearbox transmission systems considering the stochastic uncertainty of environmental parameters is proposed. The mapping relationship among wind turbulence intensity-gear modification parameter-gear long-term contact fatigue damage is reconstructed by the surrogate model method based on the dynamic model of the wind turbine transmission system considering global loads. And then, a multi-stage gear modification parameter optimization function considering the probability distribution of wind speed is established and the optimizing fatigue performance is compared. The results show that the long-term gear contact fatigue damage value of the low-speed stage sun gear is more than 0.7, which is one of the weak parts of the high-reliability design of the wind turbine gearbox transmission system. The long-term gear contact fatigue damage values of optimizing gears have been reduced significantly, in which the low-speed stage sun gear has been reduced by 11.37%, so the fatigue performance has been improved significantly.

Polyborosiloxane（PBS） is a supramolecular material， the material itself has a physical cross-linked network structure, and has the characteristics of high and low temperature resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation and self-healing. However, the mechanical properties of polyborosiloxane material prepared by existing methods are poor, which limits its application in some fields. In order to improve the mechanical properties of polyborosiloxane and broaden the application field of the material, in this paper, a vinyl-containing polyborosiloxane was prepared by reacting high-molecular-weight polymethylvinylsiloxane（VMQ）with boric acid（BA）at high temperature. The polyborosiloxane composite material with surface self-adhesiveness was obtained by introducing vinyl structure and fumed white carbon black and undergoing thermal vulcanization treatment. The structure, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, mechanical properties and self-adhesive properties of polyborosiloxane composite were measured, and the formation of B—O—Si structure was confirmed by infrared reflection spectroscopy. The results show that the B∶O dynamic bond is formed inside the polyborosiloxane composite material, and the surface of the material has certain self-adhesive properties. The peel strength formed by self-adhesion can reach 4 N/cm, the tensile strength is 4.154 MPa, and 5 % thermal mass loss temperature is 394.8 °C, which means that the sample has good mechanical properties and thermal stability.

The traditional planning method can no longer adapt itself to the increasingly complex distribution networks， and the idea of more refined grid-based planning emerges as the times demand. The grid division is performed according to its basic principle， and the target grid structure is established. Firstly， an attribute quantization model is established based on the power consumption land plots， and the mode conversion from surface elements to point elements is conducted to generate a topological graph. Then， the minimum spanning tree， the longest path theory and relevant traversal algorithm in graph theory are used to divide the power supply zone and ensure the consistent characteristics of the plots within each unit. Moreover， a grid structure construction scheme with relatively high average load rate of power supply units is proposed. Finally， an example analysis of a regional distribution network is conducted to verify the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed strategy.

Panel-type radiator plays an important role in the heat dissipation of oil-immersed transformers. To study the influence of structural parameters of panel-type radiator on its heat dissipation performance, the multi-variable design matrix is designed by using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) method. These three key parameters (the height of the panel-type radiator, the number of weld passes, and the difference of the weld pass height) are used as independent variables, and the heat dissipation and flow resistance are the response values. STAR-CCM+ is used for numerical simulation of the model and corresponding response results are obtained. Based on the variance analysis of heat dissipation and flow resistance of the model, a quadratic regression model is obtained to analyze the interaction effects of the height of the radiator and the number of passes on heat dissipation and flow resistance. Finally, the desirability approach is used to optimize the parameters of the dispersion and determine the optimal structural parameters. The results show that the predicted values and simulation results are distributed around the regression line. The error between the predicted and simulation results is within 10%, which meets the requirements of engineering design. The increase in the height of panel-type radiator and the number of weld passes leads to an increase in heat dissipation and flow resistance, but the sensitivity of heat dissipation and flow resistance to panel-type radiator height is higher than the number of weld passes. The panel-type radiator has the best heat dissipation performance when the values of the panel-type height, the number of weld passes, and the difference of weld passes height are 2 483 mm, 6, and 60 mm respectively.

Seabed fluid migration is a critical process that involves the transport and movement of liquids, gases, and seawater within and outside the seabed, which has significant impacts on the genesis, development, and evolution of seabed geological disasters. Notably, typical disasters such as submarine landslides in the sea area of China demonstrate a strong relevance with seabed fluid migration phenomena. In this paper, we analyze the distribution characteristics of typical fluid migration system types and geological disaster causes taking the northern South China Sea as an example, and we summarize the observation and investigation methods of seabed fluid migration. Furthermore, we propose the primary issues and content that must be addressed in the study of disasters induced by seabed fluid migration and their prevention and control. Specifically, we suggest that research should focus on the three phases, namely disaster genesis induced by deep high-pressure fluid migration, disaster development caused by gas hydrate decomposition and fluid migration, and disaster triggering resulting from ocean water movement. Based on breakthroughs in technological bottlenecks such as multi-system integration, multi-scale cooperation, and multi-dimensional information processing in deep-sea exploration, we must conduct in-depth research on the evolution mechanisms of seabed disaster genesis, development, and triggering under the influence of seabed fluid migration. Additionally, we must develop theoretical methods for seabed disaster risk prevention and control under the coupled effects of seabed fluid migration, geological environment, and human activities.

Marine carbon geological sequestration is crucial for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutralization in China. However, there exist risks of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage that leads to seabed geological disasters, severely threatening the safety of marine engineering. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to monitor the environmental geology of sequestration areas. This study briefly introduces several demonstration cases of marine carbon geological sequestration and explores the disaster mechanism associated with CO2 leakage in seabed sequestration areas. It also sorts out the marine environment monitoring technologies in typical CO2 controlled release tests via examples and analyzes the environmental geology monitoring technologies related to CO2 leakage, including seismic investigation and monitoring, resistivity monitoring, gravity monitoring, seabed deformation monitoring, and sediment pore pressure monitoring. Moreover, the prospects of China’s marine carbon geological sequestration and its environmental geology monitoring are presented. We suggest that long-time, low-cost, and real-time monitoring technologies should be developed, a systematic and intelligent multi-dimensional disaster identification model should be established in combination with the baseline investigation of the sequestration areas, and a multi-faceted, multi-level, and multi-disaster monitoring and forecasting system should be built.

This paper summarized the nursing management for COVID-19 patients in the mobile cabin hospital. Targeted nursing plan was established based on comprehensive analysis of clinical symptoms. Enhanced health education was carried out to regulate patients’ mental status and improve the treatment complication (本文总结方舱医院内新型冠状病毒感染患者的护理体会。从新型冠状病毒感染患者症状入手, 采取相应的护理措施, 同时加强健康教育, 调整患者心理状态, 提高治疗依从性。)

With the development of energy Internet and electric vehicles， energy storage batteries have become a research hotspot in the scientific and industrial communities. During the whole lifespan of a battery， it is an urgent request to explore safer， faster， and more effective charging methods. Based on MATLAB/Simulink simulation software， an electrochemical model of the battery considering the non-linear effect is established to study its voltage response and capacity response under different charging current rates， pulse frequencies， and pulse duty cycles. Besides， its parameter variation characteristics under pulse charging mode are investigated. The simulation results show that the pulsed operation mode can increase the available capacity of the battery by 5% or more at a large charging current rate. The results provide a reference for the subsequent research on the pulsed charging operation.

Stress cardiomyopathy (SC) is an acute cardiomyopathy caused by intense mental stimulation or physical stress. Currently, few interventions are effective in reducing mortality, improving prognosis, or preventing recurrence in acute or chronic stages of SC. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a reliable and effective SC animal model to study the pathogenesis and prevention of SC. In this paper, the preparation methods and evaluation indexes of SC models at home and abroad were reviewed, including the operation details of catecholamine hormone injection method, binding method, binding combined with electroshock method, binding combined with dehydration method, vagus nerve electrical stimulation and other modeling methods, as well as evaluation indexes such as open field test, cardiac ultrasound, electrocardiogram and ELISA, striving to provide useful reference for model selection and establishment of SC research.

Although gastric cancer rates have been reported to have declined in recent years, it remains the fifth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Patients with advanced gastric cancer often face extremely limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Chronic atrophic gastritis and intraepithelial neoplasia are typical precancerous manifestations in the development of gastric cancer. Therefore, correct understanding of the characteristics and evolution of gastric precancerous lesions and precancerous conditions, so as to accurately deal with precancerous lesions and precancerous lesions. This will greatly reduce the incidence of gastric cancer, improve the prognosis of patients, and improve the quality of life of patients.

In order to investigate the effect of different copper surface state on the protection performance of triazole click-assembly film on Cu in circulating cooling water of power plants，the triazole inhibition films (CuMA-PR，Cu2OMA-PR，CuOMA-PR) were prepared via an in-situ click assembling reaction using p-toluenesulfonyl azide (MA) and propionic acid (PR) as assembly units on different copper surface state.Corrosion inhibition performance of the triazole inhibition films on copper substrate was evaluated by electrochemical method，corrosion coupon testing，SEM characterization and antibacterial property analysis.At the same time，the protective effect of Cu2OMA-PR on copper substrate in the circulating cooling water system of power plant was investigated.Results showed that Cu2O surface state was the best for the formation of triazole inhibition film(Cu2OMA-PR).The Cu2OMA-PR exhibited an excellent corrosion inhibition and antibacterial property on copper substrate within 21 d.The average inhibition efficiency of Cu2OMA-PR for copper in 3 weeks was 85.4%.Besides，Cu2OMA-PR could also effectively inhibit the proliferation of various microbial communities.

As the most common dynamic disaster of coal rock in deep coal mining, rock burst seriously affects the safe and efficient mining of coal resources. Accurate and timely to predict the rock burst is the best way to control and prevent it. In order to study the precursory information characteristics of coal rock impact to establish an efficient and accurate dynamic prediction model. The triaxial compression test of coal bursting liability performed to get the acoustic emission characteristic parameters of coal failure process, meanwhile the monitoring values of microseismic parameters of typical impact mine face were selected and compared with the AE parameters obtained in the laboratory, then based on the similarity of them, the relationship between laboratory-scale and engineering-scale impact acoustic information representation had been built. It shows the “stepwise” increase of accumulated AE energy during coal sample compression and the “lack of earthquake” phenomenon before the occurrence of large energy seismic events have a good correlation, both of them could be used to revealed the energy breeding process of coal and rock mass. The same energy index has the same evolutionary trend for the occurrence of large energy events at different scales, and it can be used as an early warning index of rock burst risk after quantification. In addition, the static factors and stress dynamic factors affecting the occurrence of rock burst in working face are selected, and the dynamic weights are given respectively by combining the microseismic parameters obtained, which modified by using the Bayesian probability, then a static cooperative comprehensive evaluation and early warning model of rock burst is constructed. Furthermore, the model is used to evaluate and warn the danger of a mining face in Henan Province, and the results are better than those of the traditional evaluation model, which shows the engineering applicability and accuracy of the model.

【Objective】 Macropores formed by physical and biological processes provide fast pathways for rainfall and irrigation water to bypass soil matrix. It has important implications not only for hydrological processes but also for biogeochemical processes. In this paper, we investigated the effect of cracking patterns and antecedent soil moisture content on preferential flow of irrigated water. 【Method】 Our study was based on numerical simulation and experiment. We first validated a dual-permeability model against a dye tracing experiment, and then applied it to elucidate how crack patterns, antecedent soil moisture content and irrigation intensity combined to modulate the formation and development of preferential flow of irrigated water in soil. 【Result】 Comparison with experimental results showed that the model is accurate for predicting preferential flow, with R2=0.951 and P

Aiming at the problem that the conventional oil-immersed lubrication condition cannot truly reflect the operating environment of gear oil-injection lubrication, referring to the FZG A/8.3/90 gear scuffing load capacity test method and using oil injection lubrication gear fatigue test bench, the scuffing load capacity test of 18CrNiMo7-6 carburized gears is carried out based on oil injection lubrication condition with 4106 aviation lubricant. Based on the two-parameter Weibull distribution theory, the gear scuffing performance is evaluated under different reliabilities. Furthermore, based on Python language and database SQLite, a gear scuffing test data management system is developed to realize the effective management and efficient utilization of scuffing test data. The results show that under the same working and process condition, the gear scuffing failure FZG load level has 2-3 degree dispersity. Based on GB/Z 6413.1—2003 flash temperature method, it is found that under the condition of 4106 aviation lubricant injection lubrication, for 50%, 90% and 99% reliability, the gear scuffing temperature of shot peening process is 212.55 ℃, 183.22 ℃ and 152.24 ℃ respectively, improving by 1.51%, 7.31%, 14.99% respectively compared with the grinding process state. The developed data management system realizes scuffing test data flow management. Through the fitting function of two-parameter Weibull distribution, the gear scuffing temperature under different reliability can be obtained, which provides an efficient tool for the evaluation of gear scuffing load capacity.

The lubrication state of wire rope has an important influence on the working characteristics and fatigue life of wire rope. 6X19 steel wire rope is taken as the research object, and three kinds of steel wire rope without grease lubrication, partially lubrication and fully lubrication are selected. The bending fatigue tests are carried out on the bending fatigue test machine under different tension states, and the fatigue damage states of each specimen in different stages are statistically analyzed and microscopic studied. Under good lubrication condition, between wire rope and pulley rope groove of the oil film to improve the contact state, reduce the friction coefficient between steel wire rope, steel wire surface is not easy to wear and tear scratches, delay the formation and extension of cracks and improve the steel wire rope section stress distribution and reduce the stress concentration phenomenon, make more effective load effect on the number of steel wire. The steel wire in the rope is fully drawn, and the proportion of necked broken wire in the total broken wire is higher than that of the wire rope with poor lubrication condition. For the wire rope with poor lubrication condition, the proportion of flush fracture is high, and the steel wire in the rope is not fully drawn, resulting in wire breakage due to local damage. Under the same lubrication condition, the increase of tension force destroys the lubricating oil film between the wire rope and pulley groove on the one hand, on the other hand, under the action of compressive stress, the lubricating oil in the rope core is not easy to infiltrate into the side of the wire rope and pulley groove, which deteriorates the lubrication state.

For the problems of system model inaccuracy, internal and external disturbances in active vibration control of an all-clamped plate structure, an active vibration control method based on an active disturbance rejection controller（ADRC） was introduced to suppress the structural vibration by using inertial actuators, and the effect of the bandwidth of the controller observer, the parameters of PD controller, the gain of controller on control performance were also studied. First, a state space model was established to model the all-clamped plate structure with the inertial actuator. Then, the three-order linear extended state observer was used to estimate the uncertainties and state variables for the whole vibration control system. Additionally, the influence of each parameter of ADRC on the vibration control was also theoretically analyzed to achieve the excellent vibration suppression performance. Finally, based on NI-PCIe 6343 acquisition card, a hardware-in-the-loop experiment platform was set up in the desktop real-time of Matlab/Simulink to verify the vibration performances of ADRC and the accuracy of the theoretical analysis. The results show that the ADRC algorithm is feasible for vibration control. When other parameters of the controller remain unchanged, in a certain range, increasing the bandwidth of the controller observer or decreasing the gain of controller can improve the control performance, but adjusting the parameters of PD controller have little effect on the control performance.

An accuracy synthesis approach for a 2UPS & UPR & UP parallel robot is proposed. Based on the nominal kinematic equations, an error mapping model of the robot is established using the perturbation method, and the compensable and uncompensable geometric error sources are sorted out. The standard deviation relationship between the uncompensable error sources and the terminal attitude errors is established to reveal the standard deviation distribution of the terminal attitude error in the workspace. A sensitivity analysis of the uncompensable error sources is carried out to determine the influence of each uncompensable geometric error source on the terminal accuracy. According to the 3σ principle, the sensitivity index is taken as the allocation coefficient, and the values of the uncompensable error sources under the given terminal accuracy are obtained through the accuracy synthesis. The proposed approach can provide a theoretical basis for the manufacturing of the robot, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation.

In order to study the permeability evolution law of coal measure strata during multi-seam mining of weakly consolidated strata in western China, based on the double coal seam mining of Yixin Coal Industry in Ili Mining Area, Xinjiang, a numerical calculation model of weakly cemented strata is established, and the permeability evolution law of weakly cemented coal measure strata, the stress distribution characteristics of overburden and the development characteristics of plastic failure under the condition of repeated mining are analyzed. The results show that: the stress concentration coefficient of the peak value of abutment pressure reaches 1.81 during the process of mining near upper coal seam, and the maximum tensile stress of overburden in goaf reaches 0.9 MPa; the upward and downward cracks in the goaf conduct when the advance distance of the working face reaches 300 m; after coal mining, the pore pressure of overburden decreases significantly, and the mining-induced overburden seepage field presents a distribution law of large seepage velocity around the goaf and small seepage velocity in the middle, and the seepage velocity of coal wall side of working face is greater than the seepage vector of cut hole side, the simulation shows that the seepage velocity increases greatly when the ascending and descending fractures are conduction; when the failure zone between coal seams is first penetrated through, the fan-shaped seepage field is formed between the upper and lower coal seams with high seepage velocity in the middle and low seepage velocity on both sides, and with the continuous advance of the working face, the maximum seepage velocity lies in the front of the working face.

The high-end transmission equipment such as the new generation of aero-engines faces the challenge of extreme service environments such as high speed, high temperature and heavy load. Scuffing failure is one of the main failure modes of gears, which seriously affects life and reliability. The common Chinese gear scuffing design standards include GB/Z 6413—2003 and HB/Z 84.4—1984. However, the calculation results of these standards for the scuffing loading capacity of gears are different, and difference exists in the application scope of these formulae. Thus, a comparative study of the cylindrical involute gear scuffing capacity standards based on GB/Z 6413 and HB/Z 84.4 is carried out from three aspects: theoretical analysis, parameter comparison and case studies. For FZG A type gears, dozens of case groups have been calculated. The results show that the calculated average friction coefficient of HB/Z 84.4 is higher than that of GB/Z 6413.2, and the calculated results of HB/Z 84.4 are conservative. It is found that calculation results of the surface temperature of GB/Z 6413.1 and GB/Z 6413.2 are consistent in a large range of torque, oil temperature, and speed. However, the difference in the tooth surface temperature of the two methods becomes larger as the tooth module decreases. The temperature results are generally consistent with each other as the tooth module lies within the range of 4-7 mm.

The induced current pulse width of the boroncoating proportional counter is able to cause pulse piling up and degrade the counting accuracy. Meanwhile, the pulse broadening of the induced current pulse decreases the magnitude of the induced current pulse, reducing the ability of discrimination and counting for pulse. After an ion passes proportional counter, there will be a series of electron ion pairs with a spatial position distribution following the track of the projectile ion. For finding the factors affecting the width of induced current pulse, in pure neutron field the current signals induced by electron ion pairs in different spatial positions under different bias voltages were simulated through Garfield++, to study the influence of bias voltage and spatial position distribution of electron ion pairs on the induced current pulse width. The induced current pulse and its pulse width under bias voltages are obtained by changing the bias voltages in simulation. Because the spatial position distribution of original ion pairs forms the radial distance difference of electrons, the induced current pulse and its pulse width with the condition of radial distance difference of electrons can be obtained through changing the spatial position distribution of original ion pairs. After simulating the results show that in pure neutron field the induced current signal is mainly contributed by electron drifting under low bias voltage, and is mainly contributed by ion drifting under high bias voltage above 1 100 V. The traveling time of projectile particles is about several ns in sensitive area, so it has no effect on the induced current pulse width. The maximum difference value among the drifting duration of electrons with different radial distances in original ion pairs is highly consistent with the pulse broadening, indicating that the drifting duration difference among electrons in original ion pairs is the source of the increasing of induced current pulse width. The study result shows that the induced current pulse width of proportional counter to neutron mainly consists of the duration of ion drifting process, that is, intrinsic pulse width, and the maximum difference among drifting duration of electrons with different spatial positions in original ion pairs. The designing and manufacturing proportional counter should be optimized specially to degrade the influence of the spatial position distribution of original ion pairs on the induced current pulse width. When applying proportional counter, the influence that the spatial position distribution of original ion pairs generated by the projectile ions with different tracks is on the induced current pulse width and magnitude should be considered into the output of proportional counter.

In order to reduce the switching frequency involved in the traditional three-level model predictive control utilized for permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs), a model predictive torque control scheme associated with the switching frequency optimization is proposed. Firstly, the reason for higher switching frequency in the three-level drive system is analyzed in depth. Then, the vector screening strategy considering switching state restriction is introduced and the switching frequency constraint is constructed in the cost function, which can effectively reduce the switching frequency as well as decrease the number of candidate vectors. Furthermore, the neutral potential is balanced in terms of the opposite effect of positive and negative redundant small vectors on neutral potential. Finally, the validity of the control strategy is verified by the simulation and experiment. The simulated and experimental results prove that the switching frequency of the proposed control strategy is reduced by nearly half of that in traditional strategy;meanwhile, the fluctuation of neutral potential is eliminated.

Planetary roller screw mechanism (PRSM) is a new type of heavy duty transmission devices. Rated static load is a key indicator to reflect its carrying capacity. Aiming at the problems of inconsistent calculation methods of PRSM rated static load and large difference between calculation results at present, four calculation methods of PRSM rated static load based on ball screw, rolling bearings, yield limit and elastic-plastic linear strengthening are expounded and corresponding calculation models are established; the PRSM elastic-plastic finite element contact analysis model is established, and the accuracy of the four calculation methods is compared and verified; an improved PRSM rated static load calculation method based on rolling bearing standards is proposed. The results show that the calculated results of the rated static load based on rolling bearings agree well with the finite element results. The improved calculation method reduces the average error from 17.03% to 8.90%, which can accurately calculate the rated static load of PRSM. It provides theoretical support for the design and selection of planetary roller screw mechanism.

The meshing mechanical characteristics of crown gear pairs have an important impact on the bearing capacity and transmission performance of crown gear coupling. Based on the conventional crown gear pair structure, a late-model of crown gear pairs with transition gear sleeves is proposed, the meshing mechanical characteristics of crown gear pair are analyzed, and the influence of different inclination angles on the meshing mechanical characteristics of crown gear pairs is discussed. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress and strain of the conventional crown gear pair occurs on the internal gear shaft sleeve, and the maximum equivalent stress and strain of the new crown gear pair occurs on the transition gear sleeve; compared with the conventional gear pair system, the maximum equivalent stress in the new gear pair system is reduced by 32.12%, and the maximum equivalent strain is reduced by 21.4%. The stress concentration of the external gear shaft sleeve of the conventional gear pair occurs at the tooth root, and the stress concentration of the external gear shaft sleeve of the new gear pair occurs at the middle bulge position； compared with the conventional gear pair, the maximum equivalent stress of the external gear sleeve in the new gear pair is reduced by 15.75%. With the increase of the inclination angle between shafts, the maximum equivalent stress and strain in the conventional gear pair increase, while the equivalent stress and strain of the external gear sleeve in the new gear pair is partially transferred to the transition gear sleeve. Therefore, the external gear shaft sleeve in the new structure can still maintain a lower equivalent stress under a larger inclination angle, which can effectively protect the expensive external gear shaft sleeve.

A medical image retrieval method combining attention mechanism is proposed for a series of problems such as poor retrieval performance,low accuracy and lack of interpretability in current medical image retrieval.Based on deep convolutional neural networks and taking Bayesian models as the framework,the proposed algorithm introduces an attention mechanism module guided by semantic features.Local feature descriptors containing semantic information are generated under the guidance of the classification network.Both global features and local features rich in semantic information are used as inputs to the hash network,which enhances the feature representation capability of hash coding by guiding the hash network to pay attention to important feature regions from both global and local perspectives.And the weighted likelihood estimation function is introduced to solve the problem of the unbalanced number of positive and negative sample pairs.MAP and NDCG are used as evaluation metrics,and the ChestX-ray14 dataset is selected for experiments.The proposed algorithm is compared with the current commonly used deep ha-shing methods.Experiment results show that the MAP and NDCG values are much better than the existing deep hashing methods at different code levels of hash coding,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

In the context of new power system construction and the increasingly severe risks of urban security， urban power supply security has now become a top priority of urban security. Firstly， the risks faced by urban power grid in the context of new power system are analyzed. Then， major urban power supply accidents at home and abroad in recent years are sorted out， and the causes of each accident are analyzed. Then， the concept of risk transmission chain is put forward. Based on the evolution and conduction theory of the proposed risk chain， major urban power supply accidents at home and abroad in recent years are deduced， a detailed risk blocking scheme is formulated， and the grid risk assessment process and risk blocking deduction framework are put forward. Finally， the main measures and suggestions for improving the safety level of urban power supply are put forward. The proposed risk transmission chain and risk blocking measures have practical significance for consolidating urban power supply security in building a new power system.

DC-link for the capacitor is one of the most vulnerable components of the grid connected converter, whose capacitance identification will help to improve the system reliability by finding and replacing the aging capacitor in time. An identification method for the DC-link capacitor capacitance of the grid connected inverter based on pre-charging circuit is proposed. By analyzing the relationship between the capacitance and the charging current, charging voltage during pre-charging process, and combining the historical operating data, the set of capacitance state feature vector is built. The support vector regression (SVR) model is trained and the regression prediction relationship between the state value and the capacitance is set. The model is optimized by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which can be used for capacitance identification of the DC-link capacitor. Simulation and experiments results show that the proposed method can implement the accurate capacitance identification of the DC-link capacitor of the grid connected inverter, with an identification error of less than 0.95%. This method does not need to add hardware circuit and change the control algorithm, and has a certain practical value.

Aircraft icing will affect flight safety and even lead to serious flight accidents. Studying the adhesion strength between icing and substrate can provide specific index requirements for the design of aircraft anti-icing and de-icing system. An experimental platform for measuring shear adhesion force is designed,which is used to measure the freezing adhesion force of the substrate at different initial temperatures of freezing water. The temperature changes of water/ice during freezing are collected,and the experimental phenomena are analyzed by nucleation theory,focusing on the effect of the initial temperature of frozen water on the adhesion strength. The results show that the increase of initial freezing water temperature will promote ice crystal nucleation and improve the adhesion strength.

【Objective】 Irrigation is an environment-friendly way to treat liquid wastes of biogas digesters, but how to reduce its detrimental impact on soils and improve the use of its nutrients is critical to its sustainable application in agricultural production. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of irrigation with diluted biogas slurry on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. Biogas slurry was diluted by freshwater at volumetric ratio of 1/4; it was then used to irrigate the crop at one of the following growth stages: seedling stage (P1), blooming and fruiting stage (P2), fruit expansion stage (P3) and fruit ripening stage (P4). Irrigation with freshwater was taken as the control (CK). For each treatment, we measured the growth physiology, nutritional quality of the fruits, as well as sugar accumulation. 【Result】 Irrigation with the diluted biogas slurry promoted growth, dry matter accumulation, yield and fruit quality of the tomato. Compared to P0, P2 and P3 increased the leaf area index by 48.32% and 36.89%, respectively, P3 accumulated more than 47.18% of the dry fruit-biomass. In addition, P3 also increased soluble sugar, titratable acid, sugar-to-acid ratio in the fruit, as well as fruit hardness most; and P2 improved vitamin C and soluble solids most significantly, compared to P0. Comprehensive benefit evaluation shows that fruit expansion was the key period for yield formation and fruit quality, keeping soil water and nutrients sufficient in which is hence essential. During the fruit ripening stage, the crop did not respond to irrigation and fertilization as noticeably as it did in other growing stages. 【Conclusion】 The optimal irrigation for greenhouse tomato is to dilute the biogas slurry with freshwater at 1∶4 volumetric ratio, and irrigate the crop at the fruit ripening stage.