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To solve the problems of whale optimization algorithm, such as low precision, slow convergence speed and ease of falling into local optimal, a multi-strategy collaborative improved whale optimization algorithm (MSWOA) is proposed. Firstly, the population information guidance mechanism is used to improve the mining efficiency of the global optimal position, so as to avoid that the algorithm falls into the local optimal position in the late iteration. Secondly, the improved golden sine algorithm is combined with the process of whale encircling prey to enlarge the search range of the population in the solution space. Finally, the inertial weight and nonlinear parameter adjustment strategy are used to improve the global exploration and local development ability of the algorithm. Through the effectiveness analysis of different improved strategies, comparison analysis with other intelligent algorithms, optimization performance analysis in high-dimensional cases, and Wilcoxon rank sum test, it is proved that MSWOA algorithm has better optimization accuracy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the effect of ischemic postconditioning on the expression of Bcl-2 and GAP-43 in ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods 20 healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into ischemia reperfusion for 2h group (n = 25) and IP for 4.5h group (n = 25). Intraluminal filament was used to establish the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Postoperative 24h, all rats were given the Ludmila 12 points test, Zea Longa 5 points test and over hanging experiments. TTC staining was used to determine the infarct volume. Immunohistochemical method and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of Bcl-2 and GAP-43. Results Compared with ischemia reperfusion 2h group, The neurological function score and infarct volume of ischemic postconditioning for 4.5h group had no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 and GAP-43 of ischemic postconditioning for 4.5h group had statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can improve neurologic damage, reduce infarction volume, increase GAP-43 and Bcl-2 expression and has cerebral protective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive level estimation is an important basis in the distance learning system to implement knowledge navigation and recommend. Resolving some defects in the existed method, calculation single and logical reason simple, this paper proposed a method to express cognitive levels by fuzzy sets, using the amount of memory as the judgment standard, question difficulty and time-answer as influence factors, by fuzzy reasoning to generate different influence parameters on cognitive level, and used the influence parameters and improved Sherlock II method to modify cognitive level grade membership. Through the comparison with other methods, the method proposed in this paper is logical and fast calculation to reasonably reflect the learners' cognitive process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems is an important element in the study of global and regional climate change and the impact of human activities. The Three Gorges Reservoir Area, as an important ecological environmental protection and restoration area in the Yangtze river basin, plays an extremely important role in global and regional carbon cycle under climate change. Therefore, based on the data of solar radiation, temperature, CO2 concentration and normalized vegetation index from 2000 to 2021, parameters were adjusted based on the C-FIX model, and a terrestrial ecosystem net primary productivity (NPP) estimation model were established in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing section). Quantitative analysis of the e spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation NPP from 2000 to 2021 was conducted using the barycenter model and trend analysis methods. The relative roles of climate change and human activities in influencing NPP were quantitatively distinguished using correlation analysis methods combined with the Miami model. The results showed that: (1) NPP in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2021, and the regional mean annual NPP increased from 666.02gC·m-2·y-1 to 809.04gC·m-2·y-1 from 2000 to 2021, with an increase of 17.68%. (2) The spatial distribution of NPP in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area gradually decreased from northeast to southwest, with an average annual NPP value of 762.3gC·m-2·y-1, among which the area with NPP >800gC·m-2·y-1 accounted for 46% of the total area of the study area, and was mainly distributed in the area of 400-900m altitude. (3) The NPP center of gravity in the study area showed a trend of moving from southwest to northeast, indicating that the NPP increment and growth rate of vegetation in the northeast part of the study area were higher than that in the central and western part of the study area during this period. (4) The changes of vegetation NPP in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were more sensitive to the effect of temperature, and the partial correlation coefficients between vegetation NPP and annual temperature range from -0.68 to 0.94, with the proportion of positively correlated areas being as high as 95.6%, and the partial correlation coefficients between vegetation NPP and annual precipitation range from -0.83 to 0.82, with the proportion of positively correlated areas being 75.7%, which were located in the majority of the areas along the north side of the Yangtze River, and the majority of the areas in Wulong and Fuling. (5) There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the relative roles of climate change and human activities on the changes of vegetation NPP in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and the areas in the state of vegetation recovery accounted for 93.63% of the total area, of which 45.24% were affected by climate change, and 46.72% of the areas in the state of vegetation recovery were affected by climate change and human activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) pretreatment on liver regeneration and energy metabolism after 70% hepatectomy combined wíth ischemia reperfuison injury in rats. Methods Totally 120 healthy clean grade male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 230~280 g were selected and aligned into three groups randomly: imple partial hepatectomy (PH) group, partial hepatectomy combined with ischemia reperfuison (PHIR) group and ulinastatin (UTI) group, with forty rats in each. Rats in each group had the left and middle liver lobes resected, but the remnant lobes (right and caudate lobes) were treated differently as follows: the blood flow to the reserved lobes was not occluded in PH group, but occluded for 30 minutes in PHIR group, and then reperfused. UTI group had the same liver resection and blood flow occlussion as PHIR group except for administration of ulinastatin 50 000 U/kg by i.v. injection via caudal vein. Inferior vena cava blood and the reserved liver tissue were collected to measure serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), apoptois index (AI), regenerated liver weight, PCNA staining as well as ATP, ADP and AMP contents. Results Serum ALT and AST activites and AI level were lower, and the regenerated liver weight and poitive PCNA staining as well as ATP content and energy charge were significantly higher inUTI group than in PHIR group (P<0.05). Conclusion ulinastatin can promote liver regeneration after major hepatectomy combined with ischemia reperfuison injury, which is possibly related to maintaining energy metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the feasibility of application of absorbable clips in hepatectomy for reducing intraoperative bleeding, op-eration time, and postoperative complications. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 315 patients who un-derwent hepatectomy in the department of hepatobiliary surgery from January 2010 to July 2012. These patients were divided into observation group ( n = 149 ), among whom absorbable clips were used in hepatectomy, and control group ( n = 166), among whom the conventional sur-gical approach was used. Intraoperative bleeding, operation time, bile leakage, surgical site infection, liver failure, material and hospitali-zation expenses, and reoperation due to active bleeding at surgical wound were evaluated. Continuous data were analyzed by t test, and cate-gorical data were analyzed by chi - square analysis and Fisher's exact test. Results The intraoperative bleeding was significantly less in the observation group than in the control group ( 344. 59 ± 116. 78 vs 582. 90 ± 216. 17 ml, t = 11. 95, P<0.05). The operation time was sig-nificantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group (205. 56 ±45. 72 vs 270. 84 ±33. 87 min, t = 14. 47, P < 0. 05 ) . The material expenses were significantly more in the observation group than in the control group (2849. 36 ±84. 75 vs 567. 27 ±56. 38 yuan, t = 16. 21, P < 0. 05 ), but there was no significant difference in hospitalization expenses between the observation group and control group ( 39 344. 52 ± 521. 21 vs 38 872. 43 ± 426. 05 yuan, t=0, P>0.05). After operation, bile leakage was found in one case in the observa-tion group and 9 cases in the control group ((X² = 5.765, P < 0. 05 ) ; surgical site infection was found in 2 cases in the observation group and in 15 cases in the control group (X² =9.104, P <0.05) ; liver failure was found in 2 cases in the observation group and in 11 cases in the control group (X² =5.541, P <0. 05) . No one underwent reoperation in the observation group, versus 6 cases in the control group (X² = 7.91, P <0.05) Conclusion The application of absorbable clips in hepatectomy can reduce intraoperative bleeding, operation time, and postoperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the high residues yield and short of solvent oil in direct coal liquefaction, a solution to solve the problem was found by researching and developing the integrated process of direct coal liquefaction and its residues pyrolysis. The reaction rules of Shenhua direct coal liquefaction residues pyrolysis were studied with bench-scale-units. The products distribution and their properties under typical process conditions were obtained. And the relationship between aromatic-carbon-ratio of hydrotreated tar and hydrotreating process conditions were studied. The hydrotreated tar, aromatic-carbon-ratio in the range of 0.40-0.45, can be produced at appropriate hydrotreating process conditions. The result shows that the hydrogenated tar can be used as hydrogen donor solvent oil for direct coal liquefaction process. So the integrated process of direct coal liquefaction and its residues pyrolysis is feasible based on technics. Comparing to direct coal liquefaction process, integrated process yields 5.8% (based on coal) more liquid product and produces 4% ( based on coal) extra solvent oil for direct coal liquefaction process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capable of being configured and ported according to specific contexts, the reconfigurable security protocols can greatly enhance system security, and therefore are of great significance to the flexibility and adaptability of security system. However, up tiil now, a l reconfigurable protocols have been based on software components, thus fail to meet the special requirements of security protocols on security and computability. In consideration of the characteristics of security and high-density, this paper put forward a new solution to find quickly the reconfigurable protocol units according to the existing resources, which could offer the QoS-based algorithm of the suitable reconfigurable protocols and allowed the system to choose the desirable reconfigurable components in accordance to its needs. Through the iilustration of the executive process of this new method, the result shows that this algorithm can effectively improve the reconfiguration efficiency and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A suspected case of anthracnose was found in the planting area of Macleaya cordata in Mingxi County of Sanming City in Fujian. In order to clarify the pathogenic bacteria of leaf anthracnose of M. cordata in Sanming area of Fujian Province, the pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the collected typical diseased samples, and then the pathogens were identified by using the morphology, molecular biology and pathogenicity test. The results showed that: A total of 20 bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased leaves of Macleaya cordata, and the colony morphology of all the strains was consistent. The colony was round with white color, and the backside was light white grey to cinnamon. The conidia were orange-red, and the conidial spores were long oval and single spore. The phylogenetic tree of ITS and TUB2 genes showed that the tested bacterial strains and Colletotrichum fructicola were clustered together, and the confidence levels were 82% and 99%, respectively. The results of pathogenicity test showed that the symptoms of the diseased leaves were consistent with those in the field and conformed to Koch's rules. Through the analysis of the disease symptoms, colony morphology and gene sequences (ITS and TUB2) of the diseased samples, the pathogenic bacteria of leaf anthracnose of M. cordata in Mingxi County of Sanming City was C. fructicola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To clone the manganese peroxidase gene Ps-mnp1 from Pleurotus sapidus PS1 contributing a lot to the lignin biodegradation activity is important for the analysis of protein structure and functions of MnP and the understanding of manganese peroxidase gene function and transcriptional regulation of Pleurotus sapidus. Based on the analysis of ribosomal rDNA Intenal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences, the classification status of the strain PS1 was defined. Ps-mnp1 was cloned by using the methods of Genome Walking-PCR and Reverse transcription-PCR with primers designed from some white-rot fungi which contains the conserved sequences of the known manganese peroxidase genes (GenBank No. KP189358.1). We used a variety of modern bioinformatics technology softwares to clone the manganese peroxidase gene and analyze the protein structure of Ps-mnp1. For example, after the cloning full length DNA sequence of genome walking method, prediction of the full cDNA sequence of manganese peroxidase gene by using contigexpress splicing software; comparison the DNA and cDNA nucleotide sequences alignment analysis by using BioEdit software; prediction the RNA splice site through Augustus website, following the comparison and correction of Ps-mnp1 sequences by using the NCBI database; understanding the compositions of the intron and exon by using online software Gene Structure Display Server contrast of white rot fungus manganese peroxidase gene. The results obtained in the sequence analysis of Ps-mnp1 from Pleurotus sapidus indicated that the full length of the DNA was 1 854 bp containing 14 exons and 13 introns. Meanwhile, exons and introns composition analysis of the genes Ps-mnp1 from Pleurotus sapidus, compared to other white-rot fungi manganese peroxidase genes, suggested that P. ostreatus and P. sapidus belonged to the same genus Pleurotus, but the manganese peroxidase gene structures between them were entirely different. The Ps-mnp1 gene included a signal peptide of 20 amino acids and held Open Reading Frame of 1 095 bp, with start codon ATG and stop codon TAA, encoding 364 amino acids. The results of protein phylogenetic analysis by MEGA 5.1 software revealed that Ps-mnp1 and 6 strains of white rot fungus protein clustered on short branches MnPs, and differentiated 5 long branches of MnPs group formed by disulphide bond. In addition, the 3D structures of Ps-mnp1 were built using homology modelling technique, and the results showed that the binding sites of the protein ligand included 1 Fe heme, 2 Ca ions and 1 Mn (II), and the those sites were non-conservation. The results also suggested that the modelling similarity was 72.51% compared with P. eryngii VPs. This paper could establish the basis of the study in the structure and function of the Ps-nmp1. It is further helpful to offer reference on the variation of protein engineering of the Ps-mnp1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of postoperative delirium among elderly patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods·The convenience sampling method was used to select cardiothoracic surgical ICU patients after operation in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May to September 2020. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU (CAM-ICU) and the assessment was performed until ICU discharge or for a maximum of 7 d, whichever occurred first. Patients' demographics and clinical data were collected. The influencing factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression. Results·A total of 343 patients were included for this study and 103 developed postoperative delirium, with an incidence of 30.03%. All the delirium occurred within 7.5-130.0 h after operation, with a mean of (47.4±29.7) h and a median of 35.5(23.0, 61.0) h. On the whole, delirium uniformly distributed throughout the day. Only the delirium that occurred within 24 h after surgery showed a central tendency with the high-incidence time at 11:53 am while the others did not. Delirium duration lasted 6.5-131.0 h, with a mean of (32.4±28.1) h and a median of 20.5(14.0, 45.0) h. Comparison of the characteristics of patients in the delirium group and non-delirium group showed that there were statistical differences in gender, history of diabetes, heart function classification, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass, intraoperative hypotension, postoperative mechanical ventilation and postoperative oxygenation index. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ASA classification, intraoperative hypotension and cardiopulmonary bypass had significant influence on postoperative delirium (all P<0.05). Conclusion. The incidence of postoperative delirium is high among elderly patients who are admitted in ICU after operation. Higher ASA classification, intraoperative hypotension and cardiopulmonary bypass are influencing factors of delirium. To reduce delirium occurrence and shorten its duration, medical staff should understand the characteristics and influencing factors of postoperative delirium, evaluate delirium and implement preventive interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on spare parts resource allocation in wartime has an important significance to win a war. An optimization model of wartime spare parts allocation is built up,in which weapon damage,fault equipment repair capacity and mission time are taken into comprehensive consideration. The solution of the model is put forward,and the optimal allocation of spare parts resources is achieved. It is found that the influence factors of wartime spare parts resource allocation are mainly reliability of weapons and equipment,suffered damage,combat task timeliness and repair capacity of fault equipment. The experimental results show that the method proposed here can effectively reduce the supply of spare part resources,and can ensure the operational task to be completed in a given time window under the certain conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the value of contrast - enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS ) in the hepatectomy for primary liver cancer. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients who underwent CEUS - guided hepatectomy for primary liver cancer in the department of hepato-biliary surgery of our hospital from January 2010 to December 2011 were collected. The number of lesions, lesion sizes, and relationship between lesions and intrahepatic bile ducts as determined by CEUS during hepatectomy were compared with those determined by preoperative ultrasound and computed tomography (CT). Results In addition to the positive lesions found by preoperative ultrasound and CT, the intraoperative CEUS could more accurately determine the number and nature of intrahepatic lesions and relationship between lesions and intrahepatic bile ducts and more clearly show the satellite nodules of primary lesion (in 8 cases). Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) was newly found in 6 cases; of these cases, 2 had PVTT in the main trunk of the portal vein, 1 had PVTT in the left branch of the portal vein, and 3 had PVTT in the right branch of the portal vein. Common bile duct tumor thrombus was found in 2 cases, and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus in 1 case. Small lesions (around 0. 5 cm) distant from the primary lesion were found in 3 cases. Conclusion In the hepatectomy for primary liver cancer, CEUS can find residual lesions and avoid important anatomical structures, which is of great application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the relationship between tubal pregnancy and ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), chlamydozoa trachomatis (CT) and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Methods 62 patients with tubal pregnancy (study group) and 48 patients with non-tubal pregnancy (control group) were recruited in this study.Cervical secretion and fallopian tube samples were collected to detect CT-DNA, UU-DNA and HCMV-DNA using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results (1) In the tubal pregnancy group, the single positive rates of CT-DNA, UU-DNA, HCMV-DNA and the joint positive rates of CT+UU-DNA, UU+HCMV-DNA in the fallopian tube samples were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). 2. In the tubal pregnancy group, the single positive rates of CT-DNA, UU-DNA, HCMV-DNA and the joint positive rates of CT+UU-DNA, CT+UU+HCMV-DNA in the cervical secretion samples were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). 3. In the patients who had more than twice tubal pregnancy, the single positive rates of CT-DNA-, UU-DNA-, HCMV-DNA in the fallopian tube samples and cervical secretion samples were significantly higher than those in the patients who had only once tubal pregnancy (P < 0.05). Conclusion Tubal pregnancy is related to the infection of CT, UU and HCMV, which may be used as a predictive marker of tubal pregnancy. PCR is simple, rapid and accurate in detection of CT, UU and HCMV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sensitivity to illumination changes is one of the most important issues for the evaluation of face recognition systems. This paper proposed a new approach to recognize face images under variation of lighting conditions when only one sample image per person was available. This approach represented a face image as an array of sub-pattern PCA ( spPCA) extracted from a partitioned face image containing information of local regions. In order to adjust the contribution of each local region of a face in terms of the richness of identity information, it utilized LBP based information entropy weighting technique to assign proper weights to SpPCA features. The experimental results use Yale B and extended Yale B databases to demonstrate that robustly recognizing face images under different lighting conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The only ML-kNN algorithm based on probability and statistics for each individual tag analysis, ignoring the correlation between the tags in the real world, this paper proposed a ML-kNN algorithm with the label correlation(S-ML-kNN), the method extended the training set and follow the label between the second combination to construct a new label, the integration of the correlation between labels. Experimental results show that, S-ML-kNN algorithm outperforms ML-kNN algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geochemical, zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic characteristics of two-feldspar gneiss from Taihua Group in Xiaoqinling area were analyzed. Geochemical results indicate that the protolith is high K calc-alkaline granitic rock with high REE content (229 × 10-6), obvious fractionation (w(La)N/w(Yb)N =45. 39) of LREE and HREE and obvious negative Eu anomaly (0. 43). The primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram shows that it is enriched in LILE (e. g. Rb, Ba, Th and U) and relatively depleted in HFSE (e. g. Nb, Ta, Sr, P and Ti). The results of zircon U-Pb dating indicate that the forming age of protolith is early Paleoproterozoic (2. 47 Ga). The results of zircon Hf isotope indicate that the range of initial N(176Hf)/N(177Hf) is small (0.281 284-0.281 328), ϵHf(t) values are positive (0.93-5.18); the two-stage Hf model ages are 2. 70-2. 89 Ga, and new continental crust (modern island arc volcano) Hf model ages are 2. 54-2. 73 Ga, which are close to the crystal age of zircon (2. 47 Ga), so that new crustal growth is obvious in this period in the southern North China Craton. There are three important tectono-thermal events in early Neoarchean (2. 7-2. 9 Ga), late Neoarcheanearly Paleoproterozoic (2. 2-2. 5 Ga) and middle Palaeoproterozoic (1. 8-2. 1 Ga) in the southern North China Craton. New crustal growth is obvious in early and late Neoarchean (ϵHf(t)>0), and new crustal growth is obvious for magmation in late Neoarchean-early Paleoproterozoic and middle Palaeoproterozoic, accompanying with recirculation and transformation of ancient crustal material (ϵHf(t)>0 or ϵHf(t)<0). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the impact of Parecoxib combined with Tramadol on perioperative pain and inflammatory cytokines in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted lung lobectomy. Methods Totally 48 patients of elective lung lobectomy via video-assisted thoracic surgery under genera l anesthesia were randomly divided into observation group (P group) and control group (C group). The drugs for induction and maintenance of anesthesia were used identically in the two groups. In P group, Parecoxib (40 mg) was given intravenously 30 min before surgery: Parecoxib (20 mg) and Tramadol (2 mg/kg) were given intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery. In C group, normal saline (4ml) was given intravenously 30 min before surgery: normal saline (2 ml) and Tramadol (2mg/kg) were given intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery. Anesthesia time, operation time, recovery time and dosage of analgesic during operation were recorded; heart rate (HR ) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during recovery were noted; serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured in each group perioperatively; postoperative pain was assessed using visual analog scales ( VAS ). Meanwhile, adverse events were observed. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding anesthesia time, operation time or recovery time (P>0.05). Remifental used during operation was significantly less in P group than in C group (P<0.05). HR and MAP were significantly higher immediately at extubation, 5 min and 10 min after extubation in C.group than in P group (P<0.05) Serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were increased 6 h,12 h and 24 h after surgery in C group, having significant difference from those in P group (P <0.05). VAS was significantly lower 15 min, 1h, 2h, 4h,8h and 12h after surgery in P group than in C group (P<0.05). The two groups did not differ significantly in adverse events (P>0.05). Conclusion Parecoxib used in video-assisted thoracic surgery for lung lobectomy can decrease analgesic dosage during operation, provide satisfactory pain control and suppress inflammatory cytokines after surgery, without increasing adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Method of train traction calculation is applied into calculate station-end turn-back capacity of urban rail transit, and the calculation effects are analyzed. First of all, this paper described and analyzed categories and operation progress of station-end turn-back, and obtained the minimal departure interval calculation formula of single track turn-back and double track turn-back, and suggested the reasonable turn-back track number when the throat area cannot operate parallel. Then, the kinetic equation, which solved the calculation method of station-end turn-back by using train traction calculation, was proposed. Finally, this paper used Beijing subway station Beijingxi under construction and DKZ4 trains as an example, and obtained the minimal departure intervals of station-end turn-back while DKZ4 train was operated under energy-saving mode and time-saving mode: the turn-back time using double tracks is much longer than that using single track. Based on these, this paper compared and analyzed the calculation results with that using average acceleration and deceleration, and shows that using train traction calculation is valuable in the capacity calculation of turn-back station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]