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The study was to investigate in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effect andantibacterial mechanism of selenide Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (SeGUP) and Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GUP) combined with antibiotics against Proteus mirabilis (PM). In vitro and in vivo bacteriostatic effect of SeGUP and GUP were analyzed by drug susceptibility test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), growth curve, in vitro synergy, and effect of SeGUP and GUP on mortality of PM-infected mice. Bacteriostasis mechanism was analyzed by studying changes of PM cell wall, cell membrane, biofilm and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results showed that compared with GUP, SeGUP at same concentration had a larger inhibitory circle and a smaller MIC, which inhibited the growth of PM more strongly. SeGUP combined with CI showed a synergistic effect, while GUP combined with CI showed a additive effect. SeGUP extremely reduced mortality of PMinfected mice (P<0.01). Compared with control group, SeGUP, GUP, CI could extremely increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), β -galactosidase (β -gal) and protein content in culture medium (P<0.01), extremely reduced intracellular DNA concentration, inhibited biofilm formation, reduced activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.01). The study indicates that in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effect of SeGUP and its antibacterial mechanism are better than that of GUP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corn-soybean meal diet is one of the common types of livestock and poultry diets in China. In recent years, the stock of corn has declined year by year, leading to the high price of corn and the rising breeding cost. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt non corn-soybean meal diets for the development of Chinese feed industry. Sorghum has relatively high energy value and protein content, which can replace part of corn and soybean meal in livestock and poultry diets, reduce the use of corn and soybean meal, and alleviate the pressure of insufficient supply of feed materials. The paper analyzes the nutritional value and anti-nutritional factors of sorghum, and expounds the application progress of sorghum in pig production at home and abroad in recent years, to provide reference for the application of sorghum in pig feed production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuous increase of Chinese real estate industry has great influence upon social and economic development. With a decade of rapid accumulation in quantity, some long-term focal problems come out and the phenomenon characterizes Chinese background. Although social demands are increasingly growing diversified, the commercialized real estate industry still follows traditional inertia. Lacking diversity in supply becomes the core of unbalance. At first, this thesis analyzes situation and adaptability of Chinese real estate, then commentates validity of current policies. Finally, revisory strategies are given from four aspects: resource distribution, mechanism forms, development patterns and product types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q exactive orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QEOrbitrap-MS/MS) was used to explore the inhibitory effect and mechanism of ginkgo flavone aglycone(GA) combined with doxorubicin(DOX) on H22 cells. The effects of different concentrations of GA and DOX on the viability of H22 cells were investigated, and combination index(CI) was used to evaluate the effects. In the experiments, control(CON) group, DOX group, GA group, and combined GA and DOX(GDOX) group were constructed. Then the metabolomics strategy was employed to explore the metabolic markers that were significantly changed after combination therapy on the basis of single medication treatment, and by analyzing their biological significance, the effect and mechanism of the anti-tumor effect of GA combined with DOX were explained. The results revealed that when 30 μg·mL~(-1) GA and 0.5 μmol·L~(-1) DOX was determined as the co-administration concentration, the CI value was 0.808, indicating that the combination of GA and DOX had a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Metabolomics analysis identified 23 metabolic markers, including L-arginine, L-tyrosine and L-valine, mostly amino acids. Compared with the CON group, 22 and 17 metabolic markers were significantly down-regulated after DOX treatment and GA treatment, respectively. Compared with the DOX and GA groups, the treatment of GA combined with DOX further down-regulated the levels of these metabolic markers in liver cancer, which might contribute to the synergistic effect of the two. Five key metabolic pathways were found in pathway enrichment analysis, including glutathione metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. These findings demonstrated that the combination of GA and DOX remarkably inhibited the viability of H22 cells and exerted a synergistic anti-tumor effect. The mechanism might be related to the influence of the energy supply of tumor cells by interfering with the metabolism of various amino acids.

Pot experiment with winter wheat was conducted to investigate the effects of blended nitrogen (N) fertilizer (slow-release fertilizer-N:urea-N=1:1) combined with N fertilizer inhibitor NAM on soil ammonium (NH 4 + -N), nitrate (NO 3 - -N), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and fixed-ammonium (FN) contents. We analyzed dynamic characteristics of soil mineral N, MBN, FN pools under different treatments. There were six treatments, including no N fertilizer (CK), conventional urea (U), blended N fertilizer (MU), MU plus 2.5‰ NAM (MUN 1 ), MU plus 5‰ NAM (MUN 2 ), and MU plus 7.5‰ NAM (MUN 3 ). Our results showed that, compared to that of MU treatment, MUN 2 and MUN 3 delayed the appearance time of NH 4 + -N peak. Averaged across the whole wheat growing period, soil mineral N content for NAM treatments decreased by 5.3%-11.7%. From tillering to maturity stage, MBN mineralization and mineralization rates were 38.96 mg·kg -1 and 91.5%, which was higher than that of U treatment; MBN mineralization and mineralization rates for MUN 1 , MUN 2 and MUN 3 treatments were 58.73 mg·kg -1 , 83.3%, 94.20 mg·kg -1 , 94.6%, 104.46 mg·kg -1 and 96.3%, respectively. The FA mineralization release for NAM treatments were higher by 2.83-9.19 mg·kg -1 than that of MU treatment. The results of path analysis showed that NAM addition weakened the direct effect of soil NH 4 + -N pool on NO 3 - -N pool but enhanced the indirect effects of FN pool on NO 3 - -N pool through affecting NH 4 + -N pool. The wheat grain yields of the MUN 1 , MUN 2 and MUN 3 treatments were significantly higher by 31.6%, 21.5% and 22.9% than that of MU treatment. Nitrogen use efficiencies were increased by 8.1%, 13.5% and 3.1%, respectively. In summary, through double regulation for N release and transformation in soil, NAM delayed the appearance time of soil NH 4 + -N peak and retarded its transformation into NO 3 - -N, and increased the roles of MBN and FN in supplying N, thereby increased crop yield and N-fertilizer use efficiency.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of ultrasonography detecting the poster urethrovesical angle (PUVA) in diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI)., Methods: From Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2008, the PUVA in resting phase (PUVA-r) and stress phase (PUVA-s) between 84 patients with SUI and 100 healthy women were measured by color Doppler ultrasound, including 57 cases in SUI degree I, 22 cases in SUI degree II, 5 cases in SUI degree III., Results: (1) The PUVA-r and PUVA-s were (130+/-29) degrees and (158+/-36) degrees in SUI patients, which were significantly higher (113+/-19) degrees and (115+/-23) degrees in control group (P<0.01). (2) Correlation analysis showed that PUVA-s was positively correlated with the severity of SUI (P<0.01). (3) The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) of PUVA-s was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.89) between SUI patients and healthy women. When PUVA-s>or=140 degrees was chosed as the cut-off value, the specificity, accuracy rate and positive predictive value in diagnosis of SUI were 84%, 79%, 81%, which were significantly higher than those when cut-off value of PUVA-s>or=120 degrees (54%, 68%, 62%; P<0.05)., Conclusion: The PUVA-s in SUI patients are significantly increased and is positively correlated with the severity of SUI, which are indicated that PUVA-s>or=140 degrees should be used as cut-off value in diagnosis of SUI by ultrasonography.

Objective: To study the effect of retrobulbar injection with anisodamine on ocular blood velocity in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION)., Methods: 15 minutes before injection, 15 minutes and 1 hour after injection, the blood flow velocity in 39 cases (39 eyes) diagnosed as AION was measured and analyzed by CDI, timed average maximum velocity, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, resistance index and pulsatility index of OA, CRA and PCA were recorded., Results: Compared with the normal eyes, each parameter of SPCA was statistically significant. 15 minutes and 1 hour after post ocular injection of anisodamine, every parameter examined in the experiment was increased except resistance index compared with pre-injection (P < 0.01)., Conclusions: retrobulbar injection with anisodamine can effectively improve flow velocity of nasal and tempo short posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery.