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Diabetes mellitus (DM) stands as a chronic metabolic ailment predominantly characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, stemming from either a resistance to insulin or aberrations in insulin secretion. The ensuing persistent hyperglycemia, a direct consequence of pancreatic β-cell devastation, acts as a catalyst for a myriad of complications, inclusive of extensive neuropathies. The disease has substantial prevalence and mortality rates, underscoring the gravity of its impact on public health. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are readily obtainable, and they exhibit a profound capacity for self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, and vigorous proliferation. Remarkably, DPSCs can differentiate into pancreatic β-cells, subsequently participate in insulin secretion and play a pivotal role in immune modulation. This has achieved notable advancements in the therapeutic domain, particularly in the treatment of chronic diseases. Furthermore, DPSCs harbor the potential to mitigate symptoms in patients afflicted with type 1 diabetes. They navigate this therapeutic pathway through mechanisms that involve suppressing autoimmunity, modulating inflammatory responses, and counteracting oxidative stress. This article meticulously reviews the biological characteristics inherent to DPSCs and explores their multifaceted therapeutic potential in addressing DM and its associated complications. Through this endeavor, the article aims to contribute to the refinement and enhancement of DM management strategies.

With the increasing demands for healthy diet of people, various kinds of food evaluation assistant softwares emerge as times require, and the topic of food images recognition receives more and more attention. Food images recognition belongs to fine-grained recognition problem, which is more difficult than other image recognition. Moreover, popular food image datasets, such as ISIA Food- 500, ETH Food- 101 and Vireo Food- 172, contain a small number of images, which makes it difficult to train the image recognition system well and further increasing the recognition difficulty. In this paper, an image recognition method based on attention mechanism is proposed. The method introduces the concept of local-attention on the basis of self-attention to describe the fine-grained features of the image and improve the accuracy of image recognition. In addition, an image self- supervised pre- training algorithm is proposed as well, to alleviate the problem of insufficient training samples of food images. The experimental results show that Top-1 accuracy and Top-5 accuracy of the proposed method on ISIA Food-500 dataset are 65.58% and 90.03%, respectively, which is superior to the state-of-the-art algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: RNA helicase DEAD-box helicase 19A (DDX19A), a member of the DDX protein superfamily, is mainly involved in the RNA transport process. Many members of this family are involved in the genesis and progression of tumors, however, the role of DDX19A in gastric cancer has not been reported. Combined with bioinformatics analysis, the expression of DDX19A in gastric cancer tissues and its clinical significance were investigated. Methods: The UALCAN database was used to analyze the expression difference of DDX19A in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent gastric tissues at the transcriptional level, and the relationship between its expression in gastric cancer and clinical stage was further analyzed. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to analyze the correlation between DDX19A expression level and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of gastric cancer patients. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of DDX19A protein in 16 pairs of frozen fresh gastric cancer tissues and adjacent gastric mucosa. A total of 109 paraffin specimens of gastric cancer and 30 paracancerous gastric mucosa specimens were collected from Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from 2011 to 2015, and clinicopathological data of all patients were complete. Immunohistochemical S-P four-step method was used to detect the expression of DDX19A protein in 109 cases of gastric cancer and 30 cases of adjacent gastric mucosa. The relationship between the overexpression of DDX19A protein and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of gastric cancer was statistically analyzed. Results: UALCAN and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database search results showed that DDX19A mRNA expression was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent gastric tissues (P<0.01), and its high expression was positively correlated with clinical stage and poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients (P<0.05). Western blot results showed that DDX19A protein was significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical experiments showed that the positive expression rate of DDX19A in gastric cancer tissues was 68.8% (75/109), which was significantly higher than that in paracancerous gastric mucosa (33.3%, 10/30) (P<0.01). The high expression of DDX19A was closely related to the differentiation degree, infiltration depth and TNM stage of gastric cancer (P<0.05), but not to gender, age, tumor size or lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). In 69 cases with complete follow-up data, the OS of patients with high DDX19A expression was significantly lower compared with those with low DDX19A expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: DDX19A is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and is associated with clinical staging, invasiveness and poor prognosis of patients. It is expected to be a potential biomarker and a new therapeutic target related to the prognosis of gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation of fear of progression (FoP) and self-efficacy in patients undergoing chemotherapy after radical resection of gastric cancer. Methods Totally 200 patients undergoing chemotherapy after radical resection of gastric cancer were investigated with the Fear of Prog-ression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) and Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES). Results The FoP-Q-SF score was (26. 43 ± 9. 13) and the prevalence of FoP was 15. 26%. The score of CSES was (24. 71 ± 6. 51). The total score of FoP-Q-SF was negatively correlated with the total score of CSES (r = -0.15, P < 0. 05). Conclusion The FoP of patients undergoing chemotherapy after radical resection of gastric cancer is negatively correlated with their self-efficacy. Nurses should make eeforts to improve patients-self-efficacy and reduce the fear of cancer progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Superpixel methods are image pre-processing technologies that have rapidly developed in recent years. These methods can segment an image into a certain amount of semantically meaningful sub-regions. Compared with the basic element pixels in the traditional image processing methods, superpixels have better abstraction of image local features and better representations of structural information. Furthermore, superpixels can dramatically reduce the complexity of the subsequent processing. Given these significant advantages, superpixels have been widely used in computer vision, particularly in image segmentation. Considering its theoretical value, this study comprehensively reviews the existing superpixel methods and their applications in image segmentation. Method The history of superpixel segmentation is reviewed, and the superpixel segmentation algorithms are compared in experiments using evaluation metrics to present their performance in superpixel segmentation. Then, the applications of superpixels in image segmentation are categorized and introduced. Finally, the existing limits of the superpixel segmentation algorithms are shown, and the implicit directions for future research on superpixels are concluded. Result The fundamental concepts, advantages, and disadvantages of the superpixel segmentation algorithms and the applications of superpixels in image segmentation are reviewed. The limits of superpixel segmentation algorithms are presented on the basis of several experiments. Conclusion As effective pre-processing technologies, superpixel methods have relatively high research value. However, the limitations of superpixels require further research. These limitations include contradictions between the amount of superpixels and the segmentation quality, the superpixel segmentations of some particular objects, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carboniferous Permian coal in Shandong Province is one of the typical areas which are seriously affected by magmatic rock intrusion. Through collecting the G mine actual production and exploration data, investigate the degree of coal metamorphism of magmatic rock intrusion area. The results show that, influenced by magmatic rock intrusion and hydrotherm, each coal seam superimposes the contact metamorphism on the basis of plutonic metamorphism. The coal rank of each seam all rise to a certain extent. Low rank coal can become medium-high rank coal, such as gas-fat coal, fat coal, coking coal, lean coal, meager coal and anthracite, even natural coke with pore and crystal structure which is hard, brittle, lustreless or pale. Due to the magmatic rock intrusion, the physical, chemical and process properties of coal have changed in different degrees. Most of Shanxi Formation is low-sulfur coal, Taiyuan Formation is high-sulfur coal, both are high calorific value coal and have better caking property. The natural coke is ultra-low sulfur coal, which is medium-high calorific value and don't have caking property. Sum up the degree of coal metamorphism of magmatic rock intrusion area and the analysis provides theoretical reference for resources utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of helium-oxygen mechanical ventilation on inflammation of the diseased lung segment and diaphragm function in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by pneumonia who suffered difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation., Methods: A prospective controlled study was conducted. A total of 40 patients with ARDS caused by pneumonia and requiring tracheal intubation with difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation, admitted to the department of critical care medicine in Pingtan Branch of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled. Patients were divided into nitrogen oxygen ventilation group and helium-oxygen ventilation group according to random number table, with 20 cases in each group. The nitrogen oxygen ventilation group was given 60% nitrogen and 40% oxygen ventilation treatment, and the helium-oxygen ventilation group was given 60% helium and 40% oxygen ventilation treatment. Peak airway pressure (Ppeak), plateau airway pressure (Pplat), tidal volume (V T ), minute ventilation volume (MV) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3 hours after ventilation treatment. At the same time, the concentrations of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in epithelial lining fluid in patients with diseased lung segments were measured before and after ventilation treatment for 3 hours, and the diaphragmatic excursion and the diaphragmatic thickening fraction were measured before and after ventilation treatment for 3 hours., Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, oxygenation index, serum CRP, serum procalcitonin (PCT), body temperature, serum creatinine (SCr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), fasting blood glucose (FPG), hemoglobin (Hb), and basic heart and lung diseases between the two groups. Under the condition that V T and SpO 2 are relatively unchanged, the airway pressure in helium-oxygen ventilation group decreased significantly after 1 hour of ventilation [Ppeak (cmH 2 O, 1 cmH 2 O≈0.098 kPa): 22.80±4.47 vs. 28.00±5.07, Pplat (cmH 2 O): 19.15±3.90 vs. 23.20±3.81, both P < 0.05], and the airway pressure in the nitrogen oxygen ventilation group increased significantly after 1 hour [Ppeak (cmH 2 O): 22.35±2.13 vs. 19.75±1.94, Pplat (cmH 2 O): 18.50±1.70 vs. 16.50±1.88, both P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in CRP and IL-6 levels in epithelial lining fluid in the diseased lung segment before and after ventilation in the nitrogen oxygen ventilation group, while the levels of these indexes in the helium-oxygen ventilation group after ventilation were significantly lower than those before ventilation, and significantly lower than those in the nitrogen oxygen ventilation group [CRP (mg/L): 10.15 (6.39, 15.84) vs. 16.10 (11.63, 18.66), IL-6 (μg/L): 1.15 (0.78, 1.86) vs. 2.67 (1.67, 4.85), both P < 0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in the diaphragmatic excursion and the diaphragmatic thickening fraction before and after ventilation in the nitrogen oxygen ventilation group, while the above indexes in the helium-oxygen ventilation group were significantly higher than those before ventilation, and were significantly higher than those in the nitrogen oxygen ventilation group [diaphragmatic excursion (cm): 1.93 (1.69, 2.20) vs. 1.34 (1.22, 1.83), diaphragmatic thickening fraction: (48.22±8.61)% vs. (33.29±11.04)%, both P < 0.05]., Conclusions: Helium-oxygen ventilation can reduce the airway pressure of patients with mechanical ventilation, alleviate the inflammatory response of lung segment, improve the function of respiratory muscle, and is expected to be an important treatment for severe lung rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate antigen optimization of Shisa like protein 1 (SHISAL1) for preparing mouse anti-human SHISAL1 polyclonal antibody and to identify the specificity of the prepared antibody. Methods Bioinformatics was employed to predict the antigenic epitope region of SHISAL1 protein, and then a polypeptide composed of amino acid residues from the site of 28 to 97 of SHISAL1, termed SHISAL1-N, was selected as the antigen. The coding region of SHISAL1-N was cloned by molecular cloning technique, and then it was inserted into pET-28a to generate pET28a-SHISAL1-N recombinant plasmid. The two recombinant plasmids pET28a-SHISAL1-N and pET28a-SHISAL1 were transformed into BL21 (DE3) bacteria and induced to express by IPTG. The two proteins were purified and immunized to female Kunming mice, respectively. The specificities and sensitivities of the acquired antibodies were detected by Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent cytochemical staining. Results pET28a-SHISAL1-N recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed, and the two fused proteins, SHISAL1 and SHISAL1-N, were induced to express. Moreover, two types of SHISAL1 mouse polyclonal antibodies, derived from SHISAL1-N and SHISAL1 antigens, were obtained. Western blot results showed that the antibody prepared from SHISAL1 antigen was less specific and sensitive compared with the antibody prepared from SHISAL1-N antigen which could specifically identify different endogenous SHISAL1 protein. Immunoprecipitation results showed that SHISAL1-N antibody could specifically pull down SHIISAL1 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that SHISAL1-N antibody could specifically bind to SHISAL1 protein in the cytoplasm. Conclusion We have optimized the SHISAL1 antigen and prepared the mouse anti-human SHISAL1 polyclonal antibodies successfully, which can be used for Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence cytochemical staining.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intravenous combined with aerosol inhalation of polymyxin B for the treatment of pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (G - ) bacteria., Methods: A observational study was conducted. The clinical data of 45 patients with pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant G - bacteria admitted to intensive care unit of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January to October in 2020 were analyzed. According to the different use methods of polymyxin B, 25 patients who received single intravenous drip (the first dose was 2.0 mg/kg, then 1.25 mg/kg, once every 12 hours) from January to April in 2020 were enrolled in the routine group, and 20 patients who received intravenous drip combined with aerosol inhalation (25 mg once every 12 hours, sputum in the airway was sucked and then sprayed aerosol) from May to October in 2020 were enrolled in the combination group. After the treatment course of polymyxin B, the total bacterial clearance rate, total clinical efficiency rate, recovery time of body temperature, time of bacterial clearance and the change of serum procalcitonin (PCT) level before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Moreover, the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment in the two groups was observed., Results: The results of sputum culture in the routine group were Acinetobacter baumannii in 13 patients, Klebsiella pneumoniae in 5 patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 6 patients, Enterobacter cloacae in 1 patient; the sputum culture results of the combination group showed that there were 5 patients of Acinetobacter baumannii, 9 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was no significant difference in the results of sputum culture between the two groups (P > 0.05). The total bacterial clearance rate and the total clinical efficiency rate of the combination group were significantly higher than those in the routine group (total bacterial clearance rate: 70.0% vs. 40.0%, total clinical efficiency rate: 75.0% vs. 40.0%, both P < 0.05). The recovery time of body temperature and the time of bacterial clearance of the combination group were significantly shorter than those in the routine group [recovery time of body temperature (days): 6.0±3.9 vs. 10.2±7.3, time of bacterial clearance (days): 6.1±5.2 vs. 11.5±6.8, both P < 0.05]. No significant difference was found in serum PCT level before treatment between the two group. There was no significant difference in serum PCT level before and after treatment in the routine group [μg/L: 0.85 (0.44, 2.87) vs. 1.43 (0.76, 5.30), P > 0.05]. The serum PCT level after treatment in the combination group was significantly lower than that before treatment [μg/L: 0.27 (0.10, 0.70) vs. 0.91 (0.32, 3.53), P < 0.05], and it was significantly lower than that in the routine group [μg/L: 0.27 (0.10, 0.70) vs. 0.85 (0.44, 2.87), P < 0.01]. The incidence of renal toxicity of polymyxin B between the combination group and the routine group was not significantly different (5.0% vs. 4.0%, P > 0.05)., Conclusions: The efficacy of intravenous combined with aerosol inhalation of polymyxin B for the treatment of pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant G - bacteria is better than that of intravenous drip of polymyxin B only. The aerosolized polymyxin B will not increase the risk of renal injury.

Objective To prepare polyclonal antibodies against Shisa like 1 protein (SSL1) and study the localization of SSL1 in hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells. Methods Human SSL1 gene was cloned from HepG2 cells by reverse transcription PCR, and then inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a to generate the SSL1 expression vector. The recombinant plasmid pET28a-SSL1 was then transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) and induced to express by IPTG. Polyclonal antibody against SSL1 was generated by immunizing Kunming mouse with the purified protein by the routine method. The specificity of polyclonal antibody was verified by Western blot analysis. The expression of SSL1 in SMMC-7721 cells was detected by immunofluorescent cytochemistry. Golgi complexes were signed by Golgi-Tracker Red to analyze the subcellular localization of SSL1 protein in SMMC-7721 cells. Results The SSL1 gene was cloned and the recombinant vector pET28a-SSL1 was successfully constructed. Pure SSL1 protein expression in E. coli BL21 was confirmed and polyclonal antibodies against protein SSL1 was obtained in immunized Kunming mice. Immunofluorescent cytochemistry showed that SSL1 was expressed in the cytoplasm, and was co-localized with Golgi-Tracker Red in SMMC-7721 cells. Conclusion We have obtained SSL1 polyclonal antibodies with high specificity, which was proved situated in Golgi bodies of SMMC-7721 cells.

Objective: To analyze three cases with partial 21q trisomy, and correlate their genotypes with phenotypes., Methods: G-banding chromosomal analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP array) were performed for the three cases and their parents., Results: SNP array has detected partial 21q trisomy in three cases and one mother, with variable size and location of the duplications. Case 1 harbored a 12.35 Mb duplication at 21q22.11q22.3, which spanned the Down syndrome critical region. Case 2 harbored a 35.32 Mb duplication at 9p24.3p13.3 and a 14.42 Mb duplication at 21q11.2q21.3, with the former spanning the partial 9p trisomy syndrome critical region excluding the Down syndrome critical region, and was inherited from his mother. Case 3 harbored a 4.17 Mb tetraploidy at 21q11.2q21.1 in the form of mosaicism, which spared the Down syndrome critical region. His mother carried a 4.17 Mb triploidy at 21q11.2q21.1, which was also a mosaicism., Conclusion: Partial 21q trisomy may occur in various forms and its clinical phenotypes are heterogeneous. Combined use of genetic techniques, particularly SNP array, is crucial for diagnosing partial 21q trisomy and delineating its genotype-phenotype correlation.

Objective: To explore the genetic etiology of fetal abnormalities detected by prenatal ultrasound through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP array) analysis., Methods: Two hundred and eight fetuses were tested with SNP array and conventional karyotyping. Complex copy number variations (CNVs) were verified with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR)., Results: For the 208 cases, the diagnostic yields of conventional karyotping and SNP assay were 8.2%(17/208) and 13.9%(29/208), respectively. For fetuses with malformations of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system or multiple systems, pathogenic CNVs was detected in 4.6% (8/174), 2.3%(4/174), and 1.1% (2/174) of all fetuses, respectively. No pathogenic CNVs was detected among those with abnormalities of the renal system, digestive system, skeletal system, facial dysmorphism or respiratory system., Conclusion: CNVs are significantly related with birth defects. Compared with conventional karyotyping, SNP array is a better platform for CNVs detection and can provide more clues for genetic counseling, recurrence risk assessment and prenatal diagnosis.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and prognostic factors of induction therapy combined with autogenetic peripheral blood stem cells transplantation (APBSCT)in patients with multiple myeloma (MM)., Methods: From January 1998 to May 2015, 201 patients with MM were enrolled. All patients received APBSCT after induction therapy. With the follow up to 20 June 2015, the overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS)and prognostic factor were analyzed., Results: ① With a media follow up of 36.67 months, the median PFS and OS were 22.87 (17.48- 28.26)and 69.63 (63.57- 75.69)months, 5-year PFS and OS were 17% and 49%, respectively. ②After APBSCT, when the subgroup (n= 112) achieved complete response (CR)compared with the subgroup (n=89) not achieved CR, the median PFS were 32.93 (21.03-44.83) and 18.13 (14.46-21.80) months (P<0.001), respectively; And the media OS were 96.77 (71.79- 121.75)and 54.70 (49.53- 59.87) months (P=0.004), respectively. The risks for disease progression and death declined in CR subgroup. ③ Two subgroups included or not included bortezomib/thalidomide at induction therapy (123 patientsvs 21 patients), the media PFS were 31.67 (24.36- 38.98)and 15.20 (10.11- 20.29) months (P=0.013), respectively; And the media OS were 76.30 (55.44- 97.15)and 52.03 (33.76- 70.30) months (P=0.014), respectively. ④According to the ISS stage, the media OS of stageⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ were 99.47 (59.58-139.36), 66.77 (52.17-81.37), 53.97 (28.71-79.23) (P< 0.001), respectively. The risk for death of stage Ⅱ, Ⅲ were 2.16 and 3.04 times higher than stage Ⅰ, with no difference in terms of PFS. ⑤ The media PFS in IgD (n=22) and IgG (n=101) type MM were 11.17 (10.27- 13.13)and 35.43 (22.69- 48.17)months (P=0.007) , respectively; The media OS were 30.83 (0.24-61.42)and 70.70 (53.52-87.88) months (P=0.039), respectively. The risk for disease progression of IgD type was 2.47 times higher than IgG type. ⑥ Patients received 1 line induction therapy (n=132) compared with more than 1 line (n=69), the media PFS were 25.43 (16.09- 34.77)and 20.27 (15.04- 25.50) months (P=0.042). ⑦Cox analysis showed that CR after APBSCT and ISS stage were independent prognostic factors for OS. IgD type MM and CR after APBSCT were independent prognosis factor for PFS., Conclusion: CR after APBSCT and ISS stage were independent prognostic factors for OS in MM. CR after APBSCT was independent prognostic factor for PFS in MM. However, disease progression more likely occurred in IgD type MM, which was independent negative prognostic factor for PFS in MM.

Objective: To compare the features of caloric tests in vestibular migraine (VM) and Menière's disease (MD) patients, and provide objective evidence for differentiating the 2 groups of patients., Method: This case-control study included 11 MD patients with left ear involved and mild to moderate impaired hearing, and 18 matched cases with VM. All participants received caloric tests. Maximum slow phase velocities (SPVmax) were used to describe horizontal and vertical nystagmus respectively and were compared between the 2 groups. Horizontal and vertical canal parasis(CP) were calculated according to respective SPVmax. Unilateral (UW-VR) or bilateral (BW-VR) weakness of vestibular response, and positive unilateral (UVR) or bilateral (BVR) vertical response or negative bilateral vertical response (NBVR) were judged by the boundary point of SPVmax of 5°/s respectively. Total left (LV) or right (RV) Vertical reactions were calculated accoeding to vertical SPVmax,and inter ears difference of vertical responses (IED-VR) calculated from LV minus RV., Result: There were no significant differences in age and gender between the 2 groups. Horizontal SPVmax of all of caloric tests of VM group,except the left cold (LC), were statistically larger than that of MD group (P < 0.05) and the maximum responses of right warm (RW) caloric test in VM group (34.50 ± 17.77) were significantly greater than that in MD group (12.82 ± 6.69) (P < 0.01). Only the vertical SPVmax of RW of all caloric tests has statistically difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.01), and the maximum responses of RW caloric test in VM group (6.00 ± 4.45) were significantly stronger than that of LC in MD group (1.27 ± 2.00) (P < 0.01). Horizontal CP ≥ 25% of the 2 groups(VM: 72.22%, MD: 54.55%) were not statistically different, while the proportions of UW-VR and BW-VR in VM group (5.56%, 0) were significantly lower than that in MD group (27.27%, 18.18%) (P < 0.05). Vertical CP ≥ 25% of the 2 groups (VM: 94.44%, MD: 27.27%) were significantly different (P < 0.01), and the proportions of positive UVR (left: 5.56%, right: 77.78%) and BVR (0) and NBVR (16.67%) in VM group were significantly different from that in MD group (UVR (left: 9.09%, right: 0), BVR (0), NBVR (90.91%)) (P < 0.01). There was statistically difference between LV and RV in VM group (P < 0.01, LV < RV), while no difference were showed in MD group. IED-VR in VM group (left intenser: 16.67%, right intenser: 83.33%) was statistically different from that in MD group (left intenser: 36.36%, right intenser: 9.09%, both no difference: 54.55%) (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Vestibular responses of caloric test are more sensitive, and vertical reactions are more easily induced in VM patients than in MD. Caloric test can be used to differentiate the 2 groups of diseases.

Objective: To evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of immunoglobulin heavy/light chain (HLC) and serum free light chain (FLC) level in minimal residual disease monitoring of IgG type multiple myeloma (MM) patients during complete remission (CR)., Methods: Immunoglobulin HLC was assessed in 20 IgG myeloma patients by immune turbidimetry using SPAplus Analyzer. The serum level of HLC and FLC was detected at same time. Combine with those obtained by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immune fixation electrophoresis (IFE), the specificity and sensitivity of HLC in detection of serum immunoglobulin were analyzed. Combined with the clinical efficacy, kappa/lambda ratios of HLC (rHLC) and FLC (rFLC) were compared between the patients and normal controls., Results: Among 20 patients, there were 10 male and 10 female, the median age was 56 years (35-70). There were 6 patients with abnormal rHLC but normal rFLC; 3 patients with abnormal rFLC but normal HLC; and 11 patients with both normal rHLC and rFLC. During the mean follow-up time of 18 months, 4 of the6 patients with abnormal rHLC accepted intervention therapies, 1 case relapsed in 9 months,the other 2 untreated patients relapsed in 3 months. Among the 3 cases with abnormal rFLC, 2 patients are still in remission after intervention therapies,the other untreated patient relapsed in 1.5 months. Among the 11 untreated patients with both normal rHLC and rFLC, 3 relapsed with the disease free survival time of 3.5 months, 5.0 months and 5.5 months respectively., Conclusion: The combined detection of HLC and FLC is helpful to assess the curative efficacy and the accuracy of minimal residual disease monitoring, and more effectively evaluate the prognosis of MM patients. Abnormal rHLC and rFLC are correlated with poor prognosis, while early intervention therapies can help to improve disease free survival.

Objective: To study the effect of seedling quality on growth, yield and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa at harvest and build a basis for its GAP., Method: The seedling quality of R. glutinosa in main producing regions was surveyed to understand the current status of seedling quality. Field experiments with different varieties and seedling quality were conducted to measure dry matter accumulation with different growth of R. glutinosa and oligosaccharide content, and economic yield at harvest., Result: The seedling was randomly selected by farmers in R. glutinosa producing regions. Seedling quality could significantly improve on seedling emergence rate, and promote seedling growth, especially with early stage R. glutinosa, finally increase yield at harvest. At harvest, 63% and 50% of yield with A and B seedling could be improved for variety of 85-5, and 50% and 47% of yield could be increased for variety of Beijing No. 1, compared to the C seeding., Conclusion: In cultivation, the seedlings with the diameter > 1.5 cm should be transplanted firstly.

A method was established to analyse the overlapped chromatographic peaks based on the chromatographic-spectra data detected by the diode-array ultraviolet detector. In the method, the three-dimensional data were de-noised and normalized firstly; secondly the differences and clustering analysis of the spectra at different time points were calculated; then the purity of the whole chromatographic peak were analysed and the region were sought out in which the spectra of different time points were stable. The feature spectra were extracted from the spectrum-stable region as the basic foundation. The nonnegative least-square method was chosen to separate the overlapped peaks and get the flow curve which was based on the feature spectrum. The three-dimensional divided chromatographic-spectrum peak could be gained by the matrix operations of the feature spectra with the flow curve. The results displayed that this method could separate the overlapped peaks.

Objective: To study the seed quality of Achyranthes bidentata from different sources and establish a standard of seed quality grading., Method: Seed weight and moisture content determination, germination test, purity analysis were carried out by 100 grains method, high-temperature drying, double deck filter paper and GB/T354. 3-Seed Testing for Crops methods respectively. Eight collections were planted in several field plots., Result: The 1 000 grains weight of 33 collections is 0.69 to 3.54 g with a variance coefficient 24.83%, the germination rate between 19.02% to 99% with a variance coefficient 38.24%. Seed moisture content and purity showed no significantly difference. K-means cluster analysis showed that 33 collections were divided into 3 grades: the first grade including 23 collections, the second and third grade including 5 collections respectively. Eight collections showed different field growth and yield characters., Conclusion: There are significant differences in seed quality of A. bidentata, so the classification management is needed in medicinal materials market. Germination test is an effective method before cultivating.

A method for the determination of organic phosphorus pesticide residues is described. It covers 25 residues in scallion including dichlorvos, ethoprophos, phorate, diazinon, disulfoton, dimethoate, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, malathion, fenitrothion, parathion, chlorfenvinphos, ethion, EPN, dyfonate, chlorpyrifos-methyl, parathion-methyl, fenthion, quinalphos, gardona, methidathion, carbophenothion, phosmet, phosalone, and coumaphos. After the scallion samples were heated for 30 s in microwave oven, the residues were extracted with acetonitrile, and then the organic phase was salted out from the matrix. As a result, most of the interfering impurities were abolished in the heating process. In this study, these pesticides were categorized into two groups for analysis. The gas chromatographic analysis was performed on a capillary column (DB-1701, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 microm) and determined with a flame photometric detector. Linear correlation coefficients of the 25 organic phosphorus pesticides were not lower than 0.991 0 and the linear ranges for most of the compounds were between 0.1 to 5.0 mg/L. The detection limits were between 0.025 and 0.200 mg/L. In recovery study, average recoveries ranged from 85.2% to 119.6% at the fortification levels of 0.05, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/kg and the relative standard deviations were in the range of 2.1% and 14.8%. The method is a simple, rapid and highly efficient one to determine organic phosphorus pesticide residues in scallion.