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ObjectiveTo summarize typical situations of illegal addition， the illegal drug addition to ordinary food sold online that claimed to reduce weight was investigated， and its typical external characteristics analyzed.MethodsHigh throughput screening method and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method that could detect multiple types of compounds simultaneously and quantification accurately were developed. The packaging information， typical ingredients， gifts， production enterprises， and other external typical characteristics of the product were sorted out， and the correlation between detection results and external typical characteristics was analyzed.Results22.09% （19/86） of the weight loss claiming samples purchased online added drugs， and the drug addition behavior showed characteristics such as escape addition， combination addition， and main and auxiliary addition. There were certain correlations between drug addition and external typical features. Typical ingredients， gifts， trial products， products involving OEM， and products labeled with liability insurance had a higher probability of drug addition.ConclusionTypical situations analysis and summarization that are prone to illegal addition ， and we expected to give consumers moderate consumption advices and provide precise guidance for the regulation of illegal added products.

BackgroundThe treatment of patients with depressive disorders is short of targeted outcome assessment. As a secondary outcome that is guided by patient values， quality of life is thus of relatively high evaluative value. In China， there exists a lack of large sample prospective cohort studies evaluating the effect of different treatment protocols on quality of life in patients with acute depressive disorder.ObjectiveTo explore the effects of monotherapy and combination therapy on the quality of life of patients with depressive disorder in acute phase， so as to provide references for optimizing the outcome of treatment for such patients.MethodsA prospective follow-up cohort study from August 24， 2020 to November 29， 2021 was conducted， including 1 330 patients from 22 hospitals across 18 cities in China. All these patients met the diagnostic criteria for depressive episodes， recurrent depressive disorder from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5）. Patients were divided into monotherapy group （n=969） and combination therapy group （n=361） according to the acute phase treatment protocol. At baseline， the end of the first half month as well as the 1st， 2nd， 3rd， 6th， 9th and 12th months of treatment， patients were assessed with Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-report （IDS-SR30）， Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form （Q-LES-Q-SF）， Concise Health Risk Tracking Scale （CHRT） and Siehan Disability Scale （SDS）. Frequency， Intensity， and Burden of Side Effects Rating （FIBSER） was adopted for assessment at each visit time point of treatment. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation of quality of life with suicide risk， adverse reactions and impaired social functioning among patients.ResultsAt the end of three months of treatment， the Q-LES-Q-SF score of monotherapy group was higher than that of combination therapy group， and the difference was statistically significant （Z=2.008， P

Based on the characteristics of the current new type of illegal addition in terms of substances， forms， carriers， and sales modes， the multiple ways of mining new unconventional illegal addition clues and hidden rules of the industry， the development status， integration， and application of corresponding reconnaissance technical means were discussed in this study. Targeted suggestions from the aspects of source control， inspection， and detection technology， information source channel， supervision mode， and network environment were put forward.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease encompassing enzyme deficiencies in the process of adrenal steroidogenesis, which leads to adrenal cortex dysfunction. Hypersecretion of corticotrophin-releasing hormone and insufficient cortisol production often lead to enlarged adrenal glands. Existing studies have reported that most of space-occupying adrenal masses in CAH are benign, only very few are malignant. It is difficult for clinicians to distinguish the nature of space-occupying adrenal masses, and physicians have insufficient experiences in treating the disease. We reported a phenotypically male case of CAH with huge space-occupying adrenal masses and reviewed relevant literature, aiming to provide evidence on the diagnosis and treatment of this disease for clinicians. The space-occupying adrenal masses in CAH often show tumor-like hyperplasia before diagnosis and treatment or effective hormone replacement therapy, but most of them will be significantly reduced or disappear after glucocorticoid replacement therapy. But a follow-up of several years showed that space-occupying adrenal masses in the CAH patient encountered by us had no significant changes and no significant impact on the patient's body, even without effective drug intervention.

p-Phenylenediamine antioxidants (PPDs) are rubber antioxidants that can suppress oxidation, heat, or light radiation to delay the aging of polymer components and extend the service life of rubber products. In recent years, PPDs have been found in the environment, and their ecological risks remain largely unknown, which cause widespread concern. In this work, a method of gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) with ultrasonic extraction was developed for the determination of PPDs in zebrafish embryos. In order to have good performance, extraction solvents and sorbents were optimized. Under optimal conditions, embryonic samples were combined with 5 mL of dichloromethane and ultrasonically extracted for 15 min. The extraction procedure was repeated twice, after that the resulting extracts were purified by 0.1 g primary secondary amine (PSA). Based on internal standard method, the analytes were detected using GC-MS/MS in selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with optimal parameters. The results showed that the chromatographic peaks of analyte were completely separated, and the baseline was smooth. The correlation coefficient (R2) of each analyte exceeded 0.99 in the concentration range of 0.1-200 μg/L. Method detection limits (MDLs) and method quantification limits (MQLs) were in the range of 0.38-0.68 ng/g and 1.28-2.28 ng/g, respectively. Except for the average recovery of N,N′-bis(methylphenyl)-1,4-benzenediamine (DTPD), which was higher than 120%, the average recoveries of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), N-phenyl-N′-cyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine (CPPD) and N-isopropyl-N′-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (IPPD) were 73.1%-109%, and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.97%-15.0% and 4.76%-18.8%, respectively. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, it was applied to detect PPDs in zebrafish embryos exposed to PPDs. The results indicated that PPD concentrations were 12.5-16.4 ng/g. After calculation, the measured bioconcentration factors of each analyte within 48 h were 1.70-33.6 L/kg. These values were much lower than the corresponding predicted bioconcentration factors, because PPD concentrations in vivo had not reached equilibrium during the exposure time of 48 h. This method is simple, sensitive, and suitable for the detection of PPDs in zebrafish embryos, which facilitates future bioaccumulation and toxicity mechanism studies for a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risks of PPDs.

Aiming at the low fidelity of virtual underwater acoustic target for submarine real equipment training, the underwater acoustic feature simulation information of target is provided to submarine sonar system by embedded training system. The acoustic characteristics calculation models of virtual underwater acoustic target are built. The calculation method of underwater acoustic transmission loss is researched. The calculation models of ocean background noise and submarine self-noise are built. The calculation models of virtual underwater acoustic target motion are built. The intelligent maneuver decision module of virtual underwater acoustic target is established in embedded training system. The verification of simulation experiment shows that the comprehensive application of above methods can efficiently improve the fidelity of virtual underwater acoustic target. The submarine real equipment training requirements are satisfied.

The optical network has become the most important way to carry power communications. To ensure its high reliability, operators need to detect the cables of the network periodically, which need to enter the substations. However, the large number and scattered location of substations bring challenges to the optical cable detection for the power communication optical network. This paper studies such multi-period optical cable detection problem of optical network in the context of power communication. With the objective of minimizing the total number of entered substations, we developed an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and a corresponding heuristic algorithm is also proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed heuristic algorithm can effectively reduce the total number of entered substations and perform close to the results of ILP model.

Objective: To screen lactic acid bacteria strains with strong ability to produce extracellular polysaccharide. Methods: Forty strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated and preserved in the laboratory were selected, and the commercial strain L. rhamnosus GG （LGG） was used as the positive control strain. The strains with high extracellular polysaccharide yield were screened by colony drawing method and phenol-sulfuric acid method, and their stress resistance, safety and antibiotic sensitivity were tested in vitro. The phenotypic characteristics and species identification of the finally obtained strains were analyzed. Results: After primary screening and secondary screening of 40 strains of lactic acid bacteria, 10 strains of lactic acid bacteria with high extracellular polysaccharide production were obtained. After comprehensive evaluation of polysaccharide production, stress resistance and preliminary safety of the 10 strains of lactic acid bacteria, 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria with high EPS production were finally isolated and identified, namely, 2 strains of lactobacillus paracasei （LZ9089, LZ9Y10）, 1 strains of Lactobacillus casei （LZ9183） and 1 strains of Lactobacillus brevis （LZ9285）. Conclusion: Four strains with high exopolysaccharide yield have good basic probiotic characteristics and have potential development and utilization value.

Aiming at the problems of low accuracy of absolute path fitting of milling robot and tool path error caused by spatial path fitting,a method for obtaining effective calibration without precision instrument is proposed.This paper focuses on improving the machining accuracy of milling.Firstly,the cutting error caused by path fitting is solved by recalculating and revising the control points of robot path trajectory,which provides further guarantee for the following cutting measurement accuracy.Secondly,the self-gravity and external load model are added into the robot calibration model because of the offset of tool end position caused by milling spindle.And the constraint equation and objective function containing angle data are introduced to increase the comprehensiveness of calibration data and improve the calibration efficiency.The proposed method is used to calibrate the para-meters of Kuka60 robot.Experiments show that the machining accuracy of calibrated robot improves significantly.The accuracy of milling block distance and angle decreases from 0.520 mm and 30 min to 0.240 mm and 16 min respectively,and the milling accuracy increase by 53.8% and 46.7%.

BackgroundAs a multi-ethnic and economically underdeveloped region, Xinjiang faces severe challenges coming with an aging population. To promote active aging under the circumstances of unsatisfied comprehensive strength and imperfect home care system, it is important for Xinjiang to give priority to groups with disabilities, improve family resilience via enhancing family functions, and gradually develop a family-centered home care system with community support.ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of mediating action of family function between disability severity and family resilience in home-living older adults with disability in Xinjiang's minority areas, offering new ideas for relevant departments to improve family resilience of this population.MethodsFrom July to August 2020, a household survey was conducted with older adults with disability, and their primary caregivers and core family members of 431 Uygur or Kazak households selected from Xinjiang's Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture by use of stratified multistage sampling. Questionnaires including demographic questionnaire developed by our research team, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (Katz ADL) , Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) , Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) , and the Family Concern Index Questionnaire (APGAR) were used in the survey to collect information regarding degree of disability, family resilience, and family functions of the older adults with disability. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship of family resistance with disability severity, family function and its five functional components (adaptability, partnership, growth, affection, and resolve) . Multiple linear regression analysis and Bootstrap test were used to verify and examine the medicating effect of family function and its five components between disability severity and family resilience.ResultsFrom the 431 households, older adults with disability, primary family caregivers, and core family members were selected at a ratio of 1∶1∶1 (each group contained 431 cases) . Among the older adults with disability, the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe disability was 46.9% (202/431) , 40.1% (173/431) , and 13.0% (56/431) , respectively. The prevalence of intact family function, moderate and severe family dysfunction in the households was 46.4% (200/431) , 43.6% (188/431) , and 10.0% (43/431) , respectively. The prevalence of low and high family resilience in the households was 51.7% (223/431) , and 48.3% (208/431) , respectively. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that disability severity of the older adults reduced with the increase of family function and its five components as well as family resilience (P

In view of the effect of random uncertain factors such as the material properties of the turning shaft and different load conditions on its performance, and reduce its weight to improve fuel economy.Through the finite element modeling of the dump truck, the load analysis of the turning shaft is carried out according to the limit force under the actual working conditions, the first-order second moment method is used for reliability analysis, and the reliability index is used to reflect the influence of uncertain factors. The stiffness and dynamic characteristic values under static multi-conditions are set as objective functions, and the volume fraction and reliability index are used as constraints. A comprehensive objective function is established based on the normalized sub-objectives of the compromise programming method, the weight coefficients of the sub-objectives are determined by the analytic hierarchy process, and the multi-objective topology optimization design based on reliability constraints is carried out on the flip-axis structure. The results show that, compared with the deterministic topology optimization, the stiffness of the turning axis and the natural frequencies of each order obtained by the reliability topology optimization are more significantly improved, and the mass is reduced by 28.96% under the condition of satisfying the reliability. The experimental test and theoretical analysis results are basically consistent, verifying the feasibility of multi-objective reliability topology optimization design.

Objective To explore the role of calcium release activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9). Methods BMSCs were isolated by adherent method, and the third generation BMSCs were treated with 10－5mol/L of BMP9, and the mRNA expression of Orai1 was measured at different time points. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to value the transfection efficiency after Orai1 knockdown. The osteogenic markers of Runx2, OPN and OCN were detected by RT-qPCR. Hydroxyapatite/PLA/chitosan, a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, was implanted into the subcutaneous of nude mice. After 4 weeks, the osteogenic effect was examined by microscopy. Results The mRNA expression of Orai1 increased gradually at the 5th day after BMP9 induction (P＜0.05). The gene and protein expression of Orai1 decreased significantly after Orai1 knockdown (P＜0.05). Besides, the osteogenic effect of Orai1 knockdown decreased significantly, and the expression of Runx2, OPN and OCN gene decreased significantly (P＜0.05). Moreover, BMP9 could significantly improve the ectopic osteogenic ability of BMSCs, and Orai1 knockdown significantly inhibited this effect (P＜0.05). Conclusions BMP9 plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs potentially by regulating Orai1.

Objective To investigate the effects of integrin β1 within lipid raft on PMVECs. Methods PMVECs were divided into four groups: control group; HPS group: HPS; group and MβCD group: the cells were pretreated with 0.01 mol/L MβCD for 1 hour, and then cultured with HPS rat serum; si-integrin β1 group: construction of integrin β1 low expression cells using siRNA technology, and then cultured with HPS rat serum. The expression of integrin β1,FAK and pY397FAK in lipid rafts of PMVECs in each group was detected by Western blot; cell pro- liferation, migration were observed by CCK-8 and wound healing assay; the secretion of angiogenic factors (VEGF) was detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the expression of integrin β1 and the level of activated FAK in the lipid rafts of HPS group were higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05), PMVECs proliferation, migration and the level of secreted VEGF were significantly increased(P＜0.05). Compared with the HPS group, the expression of integrin β1 and the level of activated FAK in the lipid rafts were significantly reduced in the MβCD group or in siRNA integrin β1 group(P＜0.05), PMVECs proliferation, migration and secretion of VEGF were also significantly reduced(P＜0.05). Conclusions The up-regulation of integrin β1 within lipid raft activates integrin β1/FAK pathway thereby promotes cell proliferation, migration and secretion of VEGF, which may mediate pulmonary vascular remodeling of HPS.

Objective Establishing and verifying a method for labeling neural progenitor cells (NPCs) with carboxyl fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) fluorescent probe. Methods CFSE was injected into the lateral ventricle of embryonic mice to label ventricular zone (VZ) cells. The tissue was collected at 1 and 3 hours after injection to detect its specificity by immunofluorescence. Dorsal neocortex was separated at 1 hour after injection, the strong positive cells were sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and the cell identity was verified by stem cell markers and neuronal markers. Results CFSE instantaneously labelled (pulse labeling) cells in the ventricular zone, and the labeling window was between 3 and 6 hours. Signal of CFSE when performing long-term labeling would be attenuated. Seventy percent of the cells sorted by CFSE were neural precursor cells, and a small portion of which were neurons. Conclusions CFSE can be used for pulse and long-term labeling in vivo. Also, CFSE can be applied for sorting NPCs, while the current sorting strategy needs to be adjusted to improve specificity.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the in vitro microenvironment in which tumors live. Cancer-induced bone pain(CIBP) is one of the most common symptoms of tumor bone metastasis. The mechanisms of bone cancer pain(BCP) are complex, and the tumor acidic microenvironment, the related ion channels and inflammatory mediators released by cancer, play a role in BCP.

The basic isolated and screened a novel strain HAUT-1 from activated sludge using pure culture technology, identified it by 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and applied it in MFCs for power generation testing and single-factor condition optimization. The results showed that the 16S rRNA sequence of strain HAUT-1 had the highest homology of 98% with Corynebacterium vitarumen (X84680), and thus the strain was named Corynebacterium vitarumen HAUT-1. The results of the single-factor test showed that the optimal power output conditions for this strain in MFCs were sodium acetate as the carbon source, glycine as the nitrogen source, incubation pH of 7, and incubation temperature of 25 °C, under which the maximum output voltage of strain HAUT-1 in MFCs could reach 635 mV; further analysis of polarization curves and power density curves showed that the open-circuit voltage of the MFCs system was 608 mV, and the output power density reached the maximum of 53.88 mW/cm² when the current density was 24 mA/cm². The results showed that the screened strain HAUT-1 in this study has a stable and highly efficient power output capacity, which is of great significance for the development of electrogenic strain resources to further enhance the efficiency of MFCs and realize the dual effects of environmental remediation and power output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important non-volatile component in fruit juice, pectin can not only affect the stability of fruit juice but also bind aroma compounds, thereby affecting the release and retention of fruit juice flavor. Improving food flavor by using the interaction between biological macromolecules such as pectin and aroma compounds has become one of the most dynamic new directions for controlling food flavor. Based on this point, the composition and structure of pectin, the research methods and the mechanism and impact factors of the interaction between pectin and aroma compounds were reviewed. In addition, by analyzing the limitations of the current pectin-aroma interaction research, future trends according to the interaction between pectin and aroma substances were expected to provide references for regulating flavor in juice processing and the interaction research between other matrix components of food and aroma substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed electric field (PEF), with its unique non-thermal characteristics and short-time, high-efficiency, energy-saving processing features, has become a new trend in fruit and vegetable juice sterilization and preservation technology, which can ensure the microbial safety of fruit and vegetable juice, while maintaining its "fresh flavor" and nutritional properties. To provide new ideas and references for the further research of PEF technology in the field of fruit and vegetable processing, this review discussed the applications of the pulsed electric field in fruit and vegetable juice processing, such as improving juice yield, enhancing flavor, sterilization, and blunting enzymes, etc. The application prospects of PEF technology in synergistic processing with other technologies were also presented. This review also analyzed the main obstacles of PEF technology in fruit and vegetable juice processing and summarized the current problems to be overcome by PEF technology, such as the specificity between equipment selection, process parameters and food matrix, and the safety issues due to sublethal microorganisms. For the better quality of fruit and vegetable juices, more discussions on the development of equipment, optimization of corresponding parameters and safety studies of PEF were expected to follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnancy-induced hypertension, especially preeclampsia (PE), is one of the leading causes of increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. And the circulating cell free fetal nucleic acid (cff-DNA) analysis of pregnant women can be used as an early prediction of the occurrence and development of PE. By summarizing and analyzing the correlation between cff-DNA and PE and its possible mechanism, this paper further explained that the occurrence of PE may be related to DNA methylation, and discussed its limitations as a biomarker, so as to provide reference for the effective prediction of preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND The Songlinkou pluton is located in the eastern margin of the Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt, which is adjacent to the pegmatite-type lithium deposit of Jiajika. OBJECTIVES To explore the similarities and differences between Songlinkou pluton and Jiajika mineralized intrusive rocks, and to study geological conditions of mineralization and magma sources of the pluton. METHODS Major and trace elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopes were analyzed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), respectively. RESULTS The Songlinkou pluton contained diorite enclaves, and has SiO2 contents of 56.56%-68.99%, total alkali of 3.78%-6.82%, K2O/Na2O of 1.02-1.93, and Rittmann indices of 1.01-1.93. The rock has relative high Mg# values (Mg#=46.73-61.27). The rock belongs to the high-potassium calcium-alkaline type I granite series showed light rare earth enrichment with LREE/HREE ratios of 2.67-8.31, LaN/YbN of 2.11-9.74. All samples have strongly negative Eu anomaly. It was rich in LILE, and depleted in Ta, Nb, P and Ti. The zircon U-Pb results of the granodiorite and monzogranite were 212.6±1.0Ma (MSWD=0.55) and 222.4±1.1Ma (MSWD=0.39), respectively. The εHf(t) of zircon in monzogranite ranged from -9.09 to -6.86, and TDMC ranged from 1524.874Ma to 1666.002Ma. CONCLUSIONS The Songliankou pluton is produced by the partial melting of the middle Proterozoic Yangtze craton basement mixed with the enriched upper mantle. The Jiajika S-type granite is formed by partial melting of the upper crust, and is different from Songliankou pluton in terms of magma sources, evolution and mineralization tectonic conditions; this may be the main reason why the Songlinkou pluton does not have lithium rare metal mineralization.

Objective To investigate the utilization of outpatient and inpatient services in patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors. Methods By using the convenient sampling method, 199 pneumoconiosis patients were selected from the West China Fourth Hospital, and their population characteristics, medical treatment-seeking behavior, and influencing factors were investigated by using the questionnaire on pneumoconiosis patients and its influencing factors compiled by CDC of China. Multivariate logistic regression model and multivariate poisons regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient service utilization. Results The two-week outpatient rate of pneumoconiosis patients surveyed was 27.6%, the median number of outpatients used in one year was twice, and the annual hospitalization rate was 61.8%. For hospitalized patients, the median number of hospitalizations per year was 1, and the median cumulative hospitalization days was 30 days. The average visual health scale (VAS) score of patients was 48.3±17.4. Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate poisons regression analysis showed that pneumoconiosis patients with basic health insurance (OR = 0.067, 95% CI: 0.006-0.716), higher frequency of medication (OR=0.100, 95% CI: 0.037-0.269), and lower VAS score (OR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.988-0.997) had less use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with recent exacerbation of cough (OR=5.530, 95% CI: 2.446-12.501), work injury insurance (OR=1.183, 95% CI:1.015-1.379), and lower income (OR=0.980, 95% CI: 0.965-0.997) had more use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients who were married (OR=0.063, 95% CI: 0.005-0.771) and had lower VAS scores (OR=8.463, 95% CI: 3.090-23.248) had less use of inpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with higher frequency of medication (OR=8.463, 95% CI: 3.090-23.248), complicated with core pulmonale (OR = 1.855, 95% CI: 1.307-2.634), pneumoconiosis compensation (OR=3.358, 95% CI: 1.183-9.529), social relief (OR=1.402, 95% CI: 1.047-1.877) and more active communication with patients (OR=2.158, 95% CI: 1.061-4.390) were likely to have more use of inpatient services. Conclusion The utilization rates of outpatients and inpatients with pneumoconiosis are higher than the national average. The health status, economic level, and social support level of patients with pneumoconiosis are important factors affecting their medical treatment behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To construct a deep learning model based on multi -task learning to assist clinicians in differential diagnosis and staging of pneumoconiosis. Methods The digital chest radiographs of 3 600 patients from an occupational disease hospital in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2022 were collected, and the full convolution neural network (UNet) was used to segment the lung field. Based on multi-task learning, the multi-task model was constructed using the correlation between tasks. The multi -task model was pre -trained on the ChestX -ray14 dataset, whose backbone network was DenseNetl21, and two classifiers were added behind the backbone network. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences in accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and Fl scores between single-task model and multi-task model. Results The test set results showed that the differential diagnosis and diagnostic staging performance of the single-task model was about 90% and 77%, respectively. The differential diagnosis and diagnosis staging performance of the multi-task model was about 94% and 86%, which was higher than that of the single-task model about 4% and 9%, respectively. The difference between the evaluation indexes was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The multi-task model has more advantages than the single-task model and can effectively realize the differential diagnosis and accurate staging of pneumoconiosis and pulmonary tuberculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to efficiently prepare zinc caprylate using caprylic acid and zinc sulfate as raw materials and explore its antibacterial effects and mechanisms. The experiment employed a saponification and complex decomposition method to chelate caprylic acid with zinc sulfate to generate zinc caprylate, followed by structural characterization. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were chosen as models, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by a two-fold dilution method to investigate the antibacterial activity of zinc caprylate. The study also examined the impact of zinc caprylate on the cell membrane permeability, biofilm formation, DNA, and protein synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to elucidate its antibacterial mechanism. The results showed that zinc caprylate had a well-defined crystal structure with uniform particle size. It exhibited strong antibacterial effects against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with the MIC values of 250 and 350 mg/L, respectively, and a stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Zinc caprylate disrupted the cell membrane permeability of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in a time-dependent manner, inhibited the formation of bacterial biofilms, thus exerting antibacterial effects. However, the impact on DNA and protein synthesis in both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was not significant. The study suggests that zinc caprylate demonstrates strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting biofilm formation and disrupting cell membrane permeability. It holds potential as a substitute for antibiotics in livestock and poultry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution of land use change and habitat quality is of great significance to the ecological protection and high-quality development of the three northeastern provinces. This paper selects the land use and cover data of the three northeastern provinces in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018, and uses ArcGIS and InVEST models to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal changes of land use and habitat quality in the three northeastern provinces from 2010 to 2018 according to the classification of"ecological-production-living"land use function. The results show that there are significant differences in the spatial distribution pattern of the three northeastern provinces from 2000 to 2018. The land use types have changed significantly, among which the increase of agricultural production land is the most obvious, reaching 10 604.28 km2, and the most obvious reduction of land use area is forestry ecological land, with a total reduction of 19 400.4 km2. From 2000 to 2018, the habitat quality level of the three northeastern provinces showed a downward trend on the whole, and the area of low-level habitat quality continued to expand, with an increase of 19 369 km2. The area with medi um habitat quality is also expanding, and its area has increased by 20 807 km2. The areas with good habitat quality and excellent habitat quality decreased by 19 991 km2 and 10 185 km2 respectively. The spatial distribution of habitat quality is closely related to the distribution of land use types. Areas with high habitat quality are mostly distributed in areas where woodland ecological space and grassland ecological space are widely distributed, while areas with low habitat quality tend to have a higher proportion of living space and production space than ecological space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ozone oxidation, activated carbon adsorption, and adsorption-ozone oxidation were used to treat diethyldithiocarbamate simulated wastewater. The results showed that for the removal of diethyldithiocarbamate and the corresponding COD, the ozone dosing ( below 3.00 g/h) was positively correlated with it, while the particle size of activated carbon was the opposite (the removal rate could reach 70.1% and 70.8% when ≥ 60 mesh, which were 40.2% and 41.5% higher than those corresponding to ≤ 20 mesh), while the pH value showed an insignificant effect. The initial concentration of diethyldithiocarbamate was 400 mg/L, the initial pH was 7.8, the ozone and activated carbon dosages were 3.00 g/h and 1.50 g/L, respectively, and the removal rate of diethyldithiocarbamate and COD by the adsorption-ozone oxidation method were 99.8% and 80.7%, respectively, when the reaction was carried out for 50 min, 29.7% and 9.9% higher than that of activated carbon treatment alone, of which COD removal rate was 31.2% higher than that of ozone treatment alone; overall, the removal effect of diethyldithiocarbamate showed adsorption-ozone oxidation > ozone oxidation > activated carbon adsorption, while the removal effect of COD showed adsorption-ozone oxidation > activated carbon adsorption > ozone oxidation. It can be seen that the adsorption-ozone oxidation method can achieve the effective simultaneous removal of diethyldithiocarbamate and COD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assigning development assurance levels for items/functions and conducting corresponding development assurance activities can minimize the possibility of errors in the development process. The development assurance levels of the items/functions consisting of the system are taken as decision variables, the assignment principle of development assurance levels and the probability requirement of the top failure conditions are taken as constraints, and the minimization of the development cost is taken as the optimizing objective, the model of the development assurance level assignment is established. Taking the vector composed of the development assurance levels of all items/functions as the individual chromosome, a method of solving the model is proposed based on the a genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (GA-PSO) hybrid algorithm. Finally, an application instance is given based on a hypothetical air-borne system and a certain fly-by-wire flight control system. The results show that the proposed method can reduce the dependence on designers' experiences or skills effectively, and has higher accuracy and efficiency compared with other algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve phosphorus (P) uptake efficiency and high yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus) on 2 soil types (yellow-brown earth and acid purplish sandy soil) with low soil P availability, P fertilizer application scheme were studied based on characteristics of soil, fertilizer and rapeseed varieties. Cultivars Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11) and Shengguang 168 (SG168) were investigated on effects of single superphosphate (SSP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and calcium-magnesium phosphate (CMP) on seedling growth, yield, yield-related traits, P uptake and physiological P use efficiency by pot experiments. Results showed that application of P fertilizer significantly promoted plant growth, increased the number of primary branches and siliques per plant, and finally increased seed yield as compared with control of without P. The plant growth of both cultivars on acid purplish sandy soil were significantly better than those on yellow-brown earth in the control. Under the same fertilizer treatment, plant growth of both cultivars on yellow-brown earth were better than those on acid purplish sandy soil, and seed yield of SG168 was significantly higher than that of ZS11 on yellow-brown earth. The seed yield of both cultivars grown on yellow-brown earth treated with DAP and grown on acid purplish sandy soil treated with CMP were the highest among all the treatments with the same soil. In addition, P uptake efficiency of SG168 was higher than that of ZS11 treated with the same fertilizer in the same soil. DAP and DAP or SSP were recommended to apply to cultivar ZS11 and cultivar SG168 grown on yellow-brown earth, respectively. CMP was recommended to apply to both cultivars on acid purplish sandy soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology and equipment of automatic spraying robot for internal surface of car body were introduced, and the independent programming process was studied. Based on the application of Dürr's robots, some issues needing attention during the measurement of car body, offline profiling, debugging of door and hood opening, online trajectory debugging, and optimization of parameters were described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control the basic activities of cells including proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, metabolism and so on. Accordingly, abnormal activation caused by mutations of RTKs plays an important part in the formation and development of tumor. For the past few years, the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rTKI) developed for RTKs have progressed rapidly and achieved good results in clinical treatment in various tumor types, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and so on. As for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), approval and clinical application of inhibitors against Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) significantly improve prognosis in patients with FLT3 mutations, which is vital for the treatment of AML. The clinical application of rTKI to AML is summarized in this review, providing a reference for the treatment of AML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To summarize the treatment methods and effects of pediatric germ cell tumors in pineal region. Methods and Results Clinical data of 28 children with primary intracranial pineal region germ cell tumors from March 2012 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical manifestations include high intracranial pressure symptoms, parinaud symptoms and precocious puberty. Seven patients were diagnosed as germinoma indirectly by diagnostic radiotherapy/chemotherapy, the rest patients were confirmed by pathological examination: 15 mixed germ cell tumors, 3 mature teratomas, 2 malignant teratomas and 1 choriocarcinoma. Managements: 7 cases were continued to complete chemotherapy after being confirmed effective by diagnostic chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Three cases were underwent chemotherapy before operation, ineffectively, and were underwent operation after the tumor progressed, and 18 cases were directly resected. The operative approach was via longitudinal fissure-corpus callosum-fornix in 15 cases and infratentorial supracerebellar approach in 6 cases. Total resection was performed in 16 cases, subtotal resection in 3 cases and partial resection in 2 cases. The serum tumor markers of all children decreased significantly after surgery, with an average of 69.55% . The average hospital stay was 19.35 d for all. At the time of discharge from hospital, one patient abandoned treatment due to coma, the remaining 27 patients with headache, nausea and vomiting, and other symptoms of high intracranial pressure significantly relieved. There were 10 cases of secondary hydrocephalus, and symptoms of high intracranial pressure recurred. The symptoms disappeared after the shunt. The cases in this group were followed up for an average of 2.53 years, and 7 cases of germinoma had no recurrence. Fifteen cases with mixed germ cell tumors had a complete remission of 8/15; one patient gave up treatment after surgery; 5/15 of relapses, of which 2 recurred in situ, 2 recurred in ventricular dissemination, one recurred in spinal cord disseminated; and one case (1/15) died of tumor progression 23 months after surgery. There were no recurrences in 5 cases with teratoma. One case with choriocarcinoma died of tumor progression 4 months after surgery. Conclusions There are various types of germ cell tumors in the pineal gland in children. Mixed germ cell tumors are more common. Serological tumor markers are of great significance in diagnosis and treatment. Surgery combined with standardized chemoradiotherapy is an important treatment method. The use of multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode and individualized precise treatment can significantly extend the survival of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to study the effects of different biochar materials on soil respiration and soil organic carbon (SOC), we selected different biochar materials,which were produced by charing the grass,broad leaf and bamboo leaf under the temperature of 350°C Biochar was mixed with two soils (garden soil and orchard soil) separately,and incubated for 28 d at 25°C The results indicated that the soil CO2 emission rate in different treatments was quicker at the early stage of incubation,and became slower in the later phase Under the same temperature condition, the accumulation a- mounts of soil CO2-C were increased by biochar application The accumulation amounts of soil CO2-C were increased to 482.57 mg . kg-1 and 424.72 mg . kg-1 in orchard soil and garden soil SOC and pH were also increased due to biochar application However,a significant diference was only found with broad leaf biochar application These findings would be helpful to understand the role of biochar in soil carbon cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The study was aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of chronic disease among rural residents in Lushui, under the background of essential public health service implemented generally. Methods In August 2012, the questionnaire method was employed to investigate the morbidity in 2131 rural residents sampled by multistage stratified random sampling from Lushui population. The multilevel logistic regression model was fitted by group-level explanatory variable mountainous area, individual-level random slopes variable aged and other individual background variables. Results The prevalence of chronic disease among 2131 rural residents in Lushui was 79.3%o (95% CI 67.8%e - 90.8%e) . It was lower than that of the rural region IV in China (I19.6%e, P < 0.05), and no significant difference with that of 1163 local rural residents in 2007 (86.0%e, P > 0.05) . Its age trend was same as that of the rural region IV in China. The top five chronic diseases were hypertension, chronic bronchitis, chronic enterogastritis, cholecyst disease and coronary heart disease. The results of multilevel logistic regression model indicated that there were across-level interactions between mountainous area and aged (P < 0.05), the gender had a positive effect to chronic disease (OR=1.6755, 95% CI 1.0630 - 2.6406), and contrasting to unmarried, married (OR=7.3891, 95% CI 3.1623 - 17.2550) and divorce or widowed (OR=14.0680, 95% CI 4.9769 - 40.3665) also had a positive effect on the chronic disease. Conclusion For further improving the health level of population, the strategies, such as enhancing health management and service for the aged, changing bad behavior of people, improving living environment and sanitary conditions in the mountain areas, would be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quorum sensing is a microbial phenomenon that microorganisms use signal molecules to perceive environmental conditions and regulate specific gene expressions. As the communication function of quorum sensing is increasingly highlighted in the microbial field, researches on quorum sensing in the formation process of biological aggregates (biofilm and granules) attract wide attentions. The paper reviewed autoinducers (AI) classification and the corresponding regulation methods in quorum sensing, and provided an up-to-date account on research progress of AIs regulating biological aggregates formation and structural stability. New territories and future of quorum sensing were also outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the impact on house value of distance to stations of west extension line of metro line 2 in Chengdu within 800 meters radius area, this paper surveyed residential real estate data along the urban rail transit stations within 800 meters radius area, selected appropriate characteristics variables, and constructed semi-logarithmic equations and logarithmic equations based on hedonic price model, and then built overall equation and distance interval equation by a single distance variable and distance interval variables, and verified the impact on house value of distance to stations of west extension line of metro line 2 in Chengdu. Result shows that, within 800 meters to the metro stations, house values experience an overall downward trend with the increase of distance to the metro stations, the significance of the impact is high. But based on the different distance intervals, house values have seen a trend of "low in the two ends, high in the middle, declining in the overall". And the degree of impact on house value of distance variables, compare to other major variables (distance to the CBD, developer brand, etc.), is relatively low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), as a major component of microbial assemblages, e. g. , activated sludge, biofilm and particulate sludge, etc. , plays a crucial role in the formation and structural maintenance of microbial assemblages. Extracellular protein is a main constituent of EPS, and its functioning in microbial flocculation and aggregation has being paid more and more attention. The development and application of protein analytical techniques provide a good platform for the further study of extracellular protein. The paper reviewed the kind and distribution of extracellular protein in microbial assemblages and the roles of the extracellular protein in flocculation, sedimentation, adsorption, mass transferring, and dewatering. The prospects of the future study and applications of extracellular protein were also put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic viscoelasticity parameters of Poly vinyl Butyral (PVB) film, the interlayer material of automotive windshield) are measured based on dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) method, and the effects of frequency, temperature, production process and thickness of PVB film on its viscoelasticity are systematically investigated. The results show that as frequency increases and temperature falls, the PVB film will gradually change from high-elastic state to glassy state, and with the rise in frequency the glass transition temperature of PVB film will increase basically linearly. The production process and thickness of PVB film also have certain influence on its viscoelasticity. Finally the constants of Williams-Landel-Ferry equation for PVB film are obtained by curve-fitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the soft profile and hard tissue changes after maxillary protraction with skeletal anchorage implant in treatment of Class 111 malocclusion during growth period. Methods 18 patients with skeletal Class IH malocclusion were treated with maxillary protraction for about 9 months, (3.5±0.1) N, with skeletal anchorage im-plant and face mask. Cephalometric records were analyzed to assess the changes of maxillo-facial structure of the hard and soft tissue before and after treatment. Results All patients' Class III profiles were corrected. Maxillary growth increased, chin clockwise rotated, facial convexity angle increased, lower lip protrusion decreased. Facial vertical height ratio, nasolabial angle, upper lip protrusion and mentolabial sulcus changed unconspicuously. Upper incisors kept in sites, lower incisor upright, maxilla moved forwards. SNA, ANB significantly increased. SNB decreased and the mandible clockwise rotated. Conclusion The maxilla is effectively protracted without significant rotation by using skeletal an-chorage implant. The undesired effects of conventional protraction therapies, such as labial tilt of upper anterior teeth and extrusion of the maxillary molars, are reduced or eliminated with skeletal anchorage implant. These effects can con-spicuously correct profiles of the patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, make the profile more harmonious and aesthetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effective frequency of nonlinear vibration isolation is generally greater than the jump-down frequency, i. e. the jumping frequency range due to the multiple solutions of the nonlinear dynamic equations is excluded. However, when the oscillation amplitude is on the non-resonance branch of the response curve, the nonlinear isolator is capable of reducing the transmitted force efficiently. How to make the response amplitude be on the non-resonance branch by control strategy is the key for isolator design in the jumping frequency range. In this paper, an optimal time-delay feedback control method is proposed to shift the amplitude from resonance branch to non-resonance branch, when the amplitude is on the resonance branch due to certain initial conditions or variation of excitation frequency. Although the control makes system chaotic, the oscillation amplitude is reduced significantly. Furthermore, the control is removed, when the transient response of chaotic vibration dies away and the system states (displacement, velocity) are in the basin approaching to the steady focus, corresponding to the non-resonance branch, in the Von der Pol Plane. After the halt of the control, the system will recover harmonic vibration and the amplitude will be on the non-resonance branch. Consequently, the nonlinear isolator will be active in the jumping frequency range under any conditions by means of optimal time-delay feedback control. The efficiency of this method is verified by numerical simulations. Comparisons between the nonlinear isolator and the corresponding linear one and discussions on the effects of damping factor are carried out, which shows that the nonlinear isolator, including quasi-zero stiffness springs and optimal time-delay feedback control, is favorable for low frequency isolation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]