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Objective To address the difficulties faced in the industrial design of rail transit passenger vehicles, it is necessary to integrate innovative industrial design thinking and concepts to establish a comprehensive method for modular and pedigree applications in rail transit passenger vehicle design. Method First, a modularization analysis of passenger vehicle design components is conducted, dividing the compartment into fixed, optional, and custom modules, and categorizing the exterior into color and shape modules. Then, a pedigree analysis of passenger vehicle design contents is performed, establishing an industrial design pedigree from three dimensions: design requirements, evolutionary context, and product characteristics. Finally, based on passenger vehicle design characteristics, a passenger vehicle industrial design method for modularization and pedigree comprehensive applications is constructed, comprising three steps: sorting out modules based on design requirements, adjusting modules oriented by evolutionary context, and organizing modules based on product characteristics. Result & Conclusion The industrial design method is applied to a passenger vehicle design by a subsidiary manufacturer of CRRC (China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation). The design example verifies the feasibility of the constructed method. The modularization design allows for quick and flexible adjustments of design contents according to user needs, while pedigree design enhances design coherence and systematicity. Combining these approaches enables the completion of both exterior and interior passenger vehicle designs within a shorter design cycle, thereby improving design quality and reflecting brand features.

The present study aimed to investigate hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide from Dolichos lablab L. (named WHBP) involved in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in a type II diabetic rat model. In this work, Type II diabetic rat model was established by high fat and high sugar diet combined with the tail vein injection of STZ (30 mg/kg BW), and then these rats were received 1.5 mL of WHBP referring to high (100 mg/kg bw), medium (50 mg/kg bw) and low (25 mg/kg bw) dose of WHBP, respectively. Administration for 4 weeks, the main parameters were examined including body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), the serum contents of insulin (INS), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT). Additionally, the levels of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1）mRNA was also determined in this work. The results showed that WHBP significantly reduced the levels of FBG and serum INS in type II diabetic rats(P0.05). Furthermore, high-dose WHBP significantly reduced serum CRH, ACTH and CORT contents in type II diabetic rats(P

Objective To explore the ictal electrical-clinical features of focal seizures in childhood with epilepsy. Methods The video electroencephalography (VEEG) results of 409 focal seizures of 257 patients with epilepsy during January 2017 to June 2018 in EEG Monitoring Center of Department of Neurology of Hu'nan Children's Hospital, along with their neuroimage results were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main symptoms during the attack period were binocular gaze (202 times), deflection (142 times), asymmetrical tonic (138 times), distortion of mouth (45 times), single or one side limb tonic clonic (42 times), focal abnormal sensation (32 times), autonomic neurological symptoms (92 times), hyperkinetic automatisms (93 times), and hand and/or mouth automatism (92 times), vocalization (68 times) and focal atonia (6 times), focal myoclonus (4 times), and focal tonic (2 times). The above symptoms appeared in a single or combined way. VEEG monitoring showed that the types of seizures were focal seizures (249 times), focal to bilateral tonic clonic seizures (121 times), focal status epilepticus (29 times), and focal seizures with spasm (10 times). Initial pattern of EEG during seizure: regional (188 times), focal (55 times), unilateral (53 times), non-unilateral (71 times) or uncertain (42 times). Inter-episodic EEG activity showed focal discharge (92 cases), multifocal discharge (49 cases), extensive discharge (27 cases) or no discharge (89 cases). In 257 cases, 178 cases (69.26%) were classified as epilepsy syndrome. Benign familial or non-familial infantile seizures was more common (54.26%, 51/94) in the group of age-dependent epilepsy syndrome, frontal lobe epilepsy was more common (62.50%, 50/80) in location related epilepsy. Conclusions The seizure symptoms of focal seizures in children have focal features, and the ictal EEG patterns during the seizure are diverse, which can be associated with multiple epilepsy syndromes. VEEG monitoring is an irreplaceable method for definite diagnosis at present. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.10.015

[Objective] The effect of sodium alginate on quality of refrigerated jujube was studied in order to provide reference for fresh-keeping storage of jujube. [Method] Using "Bianhesuan" jujube variety as materials, the jujube fruits were filmed with different concentration of sodium alginate, contrasting with jujube fruits soaked in distilled water, then which were hoarded at constant temperature of 5 °C. The effects of sodium alginate on quality indexes viz., fruit firness, soluble solids content, malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content, relative membrane permeability, titratable acid content and vitamin C (Vc) content were studied. [Result] The results showed that, compared with CK, there were obvious effects of sodium alginate to be found on quality changes during cold storage, as follows: the decline of fruit firmness,titratable acid content and Vc content slowed down; the soluble solids content, MDA content and relative membrane permeability were inhibited from increasing. The quality of jujube fruits treated with 2.0% sodium alginate changed minimally. [Conclusion] The chilling storage at 5 °C combined with sodium alginate film can keep quality of jujube fruits, especially, 2.0% sodium alginate with the best preservation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the risk factors of bacterial meningitis complicated with subdural effusion. Methods The clinical data of children with bacterial meningitis in our hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for subdural effusion. Results A total of 128 cases were divided into control group (N = 64) and subdural effusion group (N = 64). There was no significant difference on serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) between 2 groups (P > 0.05, for all). Compared with control group, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) WBC (Z = 3.126, P = 0.003), CSF protein (Z = 4.928, P = 0.000) and serum procalcitonin (PCT; Z = 2.823, P = 0.007) in subdural effusion group were significantly higher, while CSF glucose (t = 2.166, P = 0.033) was significantly lower. After treatment, CSF WBC (Z = 2.467, P = 0.012) in subdural effusion group was still significantly higher than that of control group, and CSF glucose (t = 4.938, P = 0.000) was still significantly lower. Logistic regression analysis showed that WBC in CSF (P = 0.027), CSF protein (P = 0.002) and serum PCT (P = 0.014) were independent risk factors for bacterial meningitis complicated with subdural effusion. Conclusions CSF examination of children with bacterial meningitis reveals significant increase of CSF WBC, CSF protein and serum PCT, suggesting concurrent subdural effusion is easily occurred. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.08.012

Objective To study the characteristics of trait coping style and mental health status in parents of children with epilepsy, so as to provide a theoretical basis for psychological and behavioral interventions. Methods A total of 225 parents of children with epilepsy were assessed with Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and their characteristics of trait coping style were analyzed. Results Compared between different genders, different working pressures and between previously diagnosed and newly diagnosed, the scores of negative coping (NC) and positive coping (PC) in the parents of children with epilepsy had statistically significant difference (P < 0.05, for all). Male parents and previously diagnosed parents were more positive, while parents with great working pressure and newly diagnosed parents were more negative. The scores of PC had significant difference in different types of seizures (P < 0.05). Parents of children with partial seizures were more positive. Conclusions Trait coping style in parents of children with epilepsy has its own characteristics, and there are many mental health problems in those parents. The psychological and behavioral interventions should be targeted to improve the psychological status of parents of children with epilepsy.doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.02.009

Ectomycorrhizal fungus has the ability to enhance the growth of higher plants in the contaminated area, especially ruined by heavy metals. And much attention was focused on how the fungus could enhance the resistance of higher plants. We focused on the resistance of ectomycorrhizal fungus in vitro to heavy metals. In the first experiment, the mycelium biomasses of two ectomycorhizal funguses growing in the Kottke media treated with different concentrations of Cu and Cd were measured after growth as well as the pH value of the medium. The results indicated that heavy metals could reduce the biomasses of the two funguses. Gomplhidius viscidus has higher tolerance to Cu but less Cd than that of Boletus edulis. With development of fungal mycila, the pH value of medium dropped significantly, and this effect might play an important role in enhancing its tolerance. In addition, the higher pH value change per biomass indicated that the fungus treated with heavy metals had the ability to adjust environment of pH more significantly. In the second experiment, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the cell walls of the fungus treated with heavy metals was measured according to Marschner's. The results indicated that with the increasing of the concentrations of Cu or Cd, the CEC of Gomphidius viscidus increased, but the CEC of Boletus edulis dropped.