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Melatonin is an important hormone regulating sleep and wake cycle, which can alleviate and delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by reducing amyloid ⁃ β protein (Aβ) deposition, inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation, alleviating oxidative stress damage and inflammatory response, improving cholinergic system function, regulating neuronal autophagy, and other mechanisms. This article reviews the role of melatonin in the pathological injury mechanism of AD, so as to explore the clinical application prospect of melatonin in AD.

Effects of silica and hydroxyl silicone oil on the friction properties of silicone rubber composites were investigated, and the influencing factors and friction mechanism of silicone rubber composites on dry and wet smooth glass surfaces were studied. The results showed that the dry friction coefficient (fD) of silicone rubber composites on smooth glass surfaces was linearly positive with loss factor (tan δ)/Shore A hardness (H), tan δ/shear storage modulus (G′), fD decreased with increasing silica amount. When the amount of plasticizer was less than 7.5 phr and H was no less than 34, fD of the silicone rubber composite had a linear positive correlation with tan δ/H and tan δ/G′. When the amount of plasticizer was no less than 7.5 phr and H was less than 34, the tan δ at a maximum strain of 42% had a linear positive correlation with fD. On a water-lubricated smooth glass surface, the wet friction coefficient of silicone rubber composites was positively correlated with tan δ.

Objective To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori-400 that was isolated from high incidence area of gastric cancer on the proteome of gastric epithelial cell line GES1. Methods The gastric mucosa of patients with positive C-13 breath test was sampled with gastroscope, and H.pylori was isolated. GES1 was co-cultured with H.pylori-400 in the ratio of 1∶50, cellular RNA was extracted,and the mRNA expressions of IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α were detected by RT-qPCR. Cellular proteins were extracted and analyzed by HPLC-MS, lable-free was used for quantitative analysis. The differentially expressed proteins were selected for enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG, and the hub genes were screened out for further analysis. Results H.pylori-400 promoted mRNA expres- sion of IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α of gastric epithelial cells. HPLC-MS showed that 373 proteins molecules changed(|Fold change|≥2) after GES1 co-cultured with H.pylori-400, among them, 143 proteins molecules decreased and 230 protein molecules increased. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that H.pylori-400 regulated the secretion of inflammatory factors by regulating cell cycle, T cell immune activity and p53 pathway, which may lead to tumor genesis. Conclusions H.pylori-400 isolated from the high incidence area of gastric cancer can promote the expression of inflammatory factors and promote the tumor genesis by affecting the proteome of GES1 cells.

Deflected flow, as one of undesirable flow patterns, may scour river beds and banks seriously. Experiments are conducted at a symmetric multi-gate sluice model with different large expansion ratios and Froude numbers. The LSPIV (Large-Scale Particle Image Velo- cimetry) technique is adopted to collect the velocity data of free surface downstream. This study aims at the flow deflection features on the condition of symmetric inflow and outflow. The results show that the velocity distribution at the cross sections display an S shape. The flow dynamic axis is deflected obviously. It is classified into three reaches according to the differences of the dominant factors on the whole deflected flow zone. In general, as Froude number increases, the reach dominated by the total outflow width tends to shrink, while the reach influenced by the enlarged boundary width downstream tends to expand. The deflected ratio of flow is a function of Froude number and expansion ratio by the method of regression analysis, and the deflected ratio increases with Froude number and expansion ratio within limits. The maximum of deflected angle is less than20°. These achievements are instructive to putting forward the improvement measures of undesirable flow patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the application value of high - resolution magnetic resonance imaging vascular wall imaging (HR-VWl) in the interventional opening treatment of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion (CICAO). Methods A total of 11 patients with symptomatic CICAO were treated by recanalization from March 2018 to September 2019. The start - stop parts position of occlusions, and occlusion segments with or without residual lumen, intracavitary thrombosis and arterial dissection was shown according to preoperative HR - VWI. Type I occlusion (ophthalmic segment occlusion), type II occlusion [occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) bulb to the clinoid process and its proximal intracranial segment] and type III occlusion (occlusion of the ICA bulb to the ophthalmic segment and beyond), and type A occlusion (with residual lumen but without thrombosis or arterial dissection), type B occlusion (residual lumen, thrombus and arterial dissection in residual lumen), type C occlusion (no residual lumen and no thrombus and arterial dissection) and type D occlusion (no residual lumen but with intracavitary thrombosis and arterial dissection) were recorded. Compared with preoperative and intraoperative DSA, vascular recanalization rate, perioperative complications and prognosis were recorded. Results Before the operative HR-VWI classification: type I occlusion in 2 cases, type II occlusion in 7 cases and type III occlusion in 2 cases, and type A occlusion in 4 cases, type B occlusion in 2 cases, type C occlusion in 1 cases and type D occlusion in 2 cases. Compared with intraoperative DSA, the positive detection rate of HR -VWI for residual lumen, intracavitary thrombosis and arterial dissection was 10/11 cases. One case (1/11) preoperative HR-VWI classification is type III occlusion patients, confirmed by intraoperative DSA real type classification is II occlusion. A total of 10 patients (10/11) for recanalization, one failure cases for HR-VWI classification type III - C. Perioperative complications occurred in 2 patients (2/11). Six and 7 patients improved in the first and third month after surgery, and 5 and 4 patients were stable, one patient developed in-stent restenosis the sixth months after the operation. Conclusions Preoperative HR-VWI showed that residual lumen in occlusion segment indicated higher success rate of recanalization and higher surgical safety, thrombosis in the residual lumen increased the risk of perioperative complications, but did not reduce the success rate and prognosis of recanalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometriosis, a chronic and estrogen-dependent benign disease which is defined as the endometrium tissue with glands and stroma located abnormally in any other tissue out of uterus, affects women in the reproductive age. Its clinical features include dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, infertility and menstrual disorder, which have finally negative effects on the quality of life. However, the exact pathogenic mechanisms have not been entirely clarified. Conventional medical therapies often have only modest success and numerous side effects; the recurrence rate of surgical therapy is relatively high. With the research progress in the last decades,it is pointed out that endometriosis is a complicated multifactorial syndrome. New concepts of endometriosis treatment include antiproliferative and antiangiogenic agents, anti inflammatory drugs, selective estrogen receptor agonists, and the potential application of stem cells. As for those endometriosis -associated infertilities, the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is currently the most effective treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the problem of detecting abandoned objects in complex environments, we propose an efficient method. Firstly, the candidate areas of the objects are obtained by comparing the foregrounds derived from a Gaussian mixture model based on partial updating and from an improved threeframe- difference method. And the blobs of temporarily static objects are segmented by applying shadow elimination and the connected component analysis. Then the blob whose static duration reaches the threshold is labeled as the abandoned object after ruling out the possibility of a static human by applying Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) pedestrian detection. Finally, to overcome pedestrian occlusion and illumination changes, the Features from Accelerated Segment Test (FAST) local feature matching is applied to the detected abandoned objects. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high accuracy and fast processing speed, and a good anti-interference performance is achieved in complex environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic behavior and optimal control problem for a class of inshore-offshore fishery model with impulsive diffusion and periodic coefficients are investigated. By applying the basic theory and some analytic techniques, the condition which ensures the existence and stability of positive periodic solution is obtained. The species is harvested for economic profit, the purpose is to control the harvesting effort so as to maximize the profit which is the difference between economic revenue and cost. The exact expression of the optimal control policy is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To further evaluate the stability of different batches of culture medium by analyzing the IVF outcomes. Methods: Clinical data were collected from August 2011 to September 2012 in our IVF centre. Patients' characteristics were summarized as younger than 35 years, normal ovarian reserve, using long protocol for ovulation, and more than 5 oocytes per cycles. There were 18 batches of the culture medium according to the cleavage stage (18 groups). Six batches (6 groups) were randomly selected. General clinical features and IVF outcomes were compared. Results: There were no significant differences in the average age, the number of previous IVF, basal FSH level, body mass index (BMI), and endometrial thickness of hCG day, among the six groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the average number of oocyte, oocyte maturation rate, fertilization rate, cleavage rate (P>0.05) among the groups. The high-quality embryo rate was different among the groups (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the average number of embryos transferred, pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: IVF outcomes from different batches of the embryonic culture medium are stable, suggesting the stability of the overall quality control system in our IVF laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzed the semi-worsted yarns, such as the spinning advantages, development trendency, the problems and how to enhance the quality, by comparing the development of semi-worsted spinning technology for more than 10 years. It pointed out that if the company wanted to improve the competitiveness in the market, it should pay attention to the raw material of dyeing, good blending of raw material pretreatment. Before processing, in order to reduce fiber damage, it should improve the quality of semi-worsted yarns. In the spinning process, siro spinning and compact spinning can improve the strength of yarn, reduce hairiness and improve the evenness, reduce the breakage and inprove efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past several thousand years, the ancient Chinese written language has developed into a distinct linguistic style, and constituted an indispensible means to pass down the fruit of Chinese civilization, thus making an indelible contribution to the development of Chinese culture. According to the Chinese traditional concepts in linguistics, the ancient Chinese written language followed the lexico-grammatical conventions of the Qin and Han dynasties; the various modal particles of written Chinese such as : zhi (...), hu (...), zhe (...) and ye (...), are thought to be the written transcriptions of corresponding spoken modal particles. However, through examining the relevant discussions dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period, we argue that the modal particles of written Chinese are not the transcriptions of their spoken counterparts; on the contrary, they are originally created to play the function of punctuation and mood-marking. Not until the spoken modal particles showed up in the Tang and Song dynasties, did these written markers begin to be used as the modal particle words in the modern sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The properties of filoplume, tensile, stretch recovery and shrinkage of boiling water of PTT/wool blended yarns are investigated by comparing with the PET/wool blended yarns of the same specification. The results shows that, the PTT/wool blended yarn has the less filoplume, lower tensile modulus and higher breakage elongation. The stretch recovery can reach 96% at the condition of the elongation rate of 5% and 87% at the elongation rate of 15% respectively, and delayed stretch recovery of PTT/wool blended yarns is better than that of PET/wool blended yarns. There is little difference of shrinkage of boiling water and both PTT/wool and PET/wool blended yarns have the good stability in the boiling water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the value of applying random urine potassium-to-creatinine ratio (rUK/Ucr) in diagnosing renal potassium loss., Methods: patients diagnosed with hypokalemia, including 373 cases of renal potassium loss, 83 cases of non-renal potassium loss , and 358 cases of normal serum potassium, between 2017 and 2021 were enrolled. The clinical data of the patients were collected and the correlation between rUK/Ucr and 24-hour urine potassium (24 hUK) in the three groups was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of applying rUK/Ucr in diagnosing renal potassium loss., Results: Serum potassium decreased in the normal serum potassium group, the renal potassium loss group, and the non-renal renal potassium loss group ( P <0.01). The 24 hUK and the rUK/Ucr of the renal potassium loss group were higher than those of the non-renal potassium loss group and normal serum potassium group ( P <0.01). rUK/Ucr showed low to moderate correlation with 24 hUK. The AUC of 24 hUK and rUK/Ucr for determining renal potassium loss were 0.73 and 0.71, respectively. When the optimal cutoff point of rUK/Ucr for determining renal potassium loss was 3.4, the sensitivity was 67.6% and the specificity was 67.5%., Conclusion: rUK/Ucr shows a moderate correlation with 24 hUK and its accuracy in determining renal potassium loss is comparable to that of 24 hUK. When 24-hour urine samples cannot be obtained, it is recommended that rUK/Ucr be used instead of 24 hUK to determine whether renal potassium loss exists, with the optimal cutoff point for diagnosis being 3.4., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

Recently, a large number of laboratory studies have focused on the aqueous-phase photochemistry of single organic compound in atmospheric condensed phases, yet few studies have been conducted on the aqueous-phase photochemical oxidation of real-world complex dissolved organic matter (DOM). Therefore, in this work, we report experimental results for the photochemical oxidation of DOM extracts from ambient fine aerosol samples upon direct photolysis or against OH oxidation, under both simulated sunlight and ultraviolet irradiation conditions. The products at different stages of photolysis were analyzed via UV-vis and spectroscopy and soot-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SP-AMS) to investigate their optical and chemical characteristics. The results demonstrate the effective degradation of DOM under UV irradiation, and the f 44 values of the corresponding products aremuch lower than under sunlight irradiation. A variety of carboxylic acids were generated during liquid-phase photolysis, and oxalic acid was found to be the most abundant. The light absorbance and concentration of HULIS did not change significantly under sunlight illumination; however, under UV and UV+·OH conditions, the concentration of HULIS increased continuously with reaction time. The HULIS concentration at 23 h was approximately four times the initial value, indicating the formation of brown carbon species with carboxyl, hydroxyl, and aromatic and other functional groups. Our results show that the increase in light absorptivity and formation rate of brown carbon from DOM are limited when aqueous-phase oxidation occurs under sunlight illumination. In comparison, DOM can constantly decompose into HULIS or small molecules under ultraviolet light illumination, and the light absorptivity of the remaining organic matter may be relatively high, resulting in final products with a high unit mass absorption efficiency (MAE). We have investigated the aqueous-phase oxidation of actual filter extracts for the first time, and our results provide valuable insights to the formation of air pollution complexes.

Objective: The present study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of acidic RNA protein complex (FA-2-b-β) extracted from the wild edible Qinba mushroom in inducing of apoptosis and immunoregulation of tumor cell., Methods: Cell proliferation inducing rate of FA-2-b-β to K562 cell was measured using CCK-8. Apoptosis rate was detected by using flow cytometry. Chronic myeloid leukemia model was developed by tail vein injection/subcutaneous inoculation of K562 cells in NCG mice. The tumor burden of mice was observed. The general condition of the mice was monitored twice daily. The peripherivcal full blood counts of mice was tested daily. RT-qPCR and Western blot was FA-2-b-β performed to determine involvement of apoptotic-related gene and protenin, Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry was used to detected the expression of CD3, CD4 and CD8., Results: The proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cell could be inhibitied and induced by FA-2-b-β, there was 100% successful in the tumor formation in vivo, after treated by drug for 21 days there were significantly increased peripheral leucocytes, but decreased hemoglobin of mice treated by FA-2-b-β as compared with those in control group. The CD3, CD4 and CD8 showed positive in mice, and the propotation was imbalance, but it showed reserved after treated by FA-2-b-β., Conclusion: FA-2-b-β is strong anti-leukemia effect in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the traditional Chinese medicine maybe contribute to the anti-cancer and immunoregulation research.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus on the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and analyze the regulatory mechanism of LncRNA FBXL19-AS1/miR-342-3 p pathway. MTT assay and plate cloning assay were used to detect the effect of flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus at different concentrations(1, 5, 10 mg·mL~(-1)) on the proliferation of liver cancer Huh7 cells. The effect of flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus on the migration and invasion of Huh7 cells was examined by Transwell chamber assay. qRT-PCR was used to detect the effect of flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus on the expression levels of FBXL19-AS1 and miR-342-3 p in Huh7 cells. The dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect whether FBXL19-AS1 targeted at miR-342-3 p. The effect on the inhibition of FBXL19-AS1 expression or FBXL19-AS1 overexpression and then the proliferation, migration and invasion of Huh7 cells were examined by the above methods. Gelatin zymography was used to detect the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The expression levels of cyclinD1, p21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected by Western blot. Flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of Huh7 cells(P&lt;0.05), promoted the expression of p21 protein(P&lt;0.05), and inhibited the expressions of cyclinD1, MMP-2 and MMP-9(P&lt;0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, and could reduce the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9(P&lt;0.05). The expression level of FBXL19-AS1 was significantly decreased in Huh7 cells treated with flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus(P&lt;0.05), whereas the expression level of miR-342-3 p was significantly increased(P&lt;0.05). The dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that FBXL19-AS1 targeted at the inhibition of miR-342-3 p expression. After inhibiting the expression of FBXL19-AS1, the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was significantly increased(P&lt;0.05), the number of cell clone formation was significantly reduced(P&lt;0.05), the number of migrated cells and the number of invasive cells were significantly decreased(P&lt;0.05), and the expression levels of cyclinD1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly decreased(P&lt;0.05), the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly reduced(P&lt;0.05), while the expression level of p21 protein was significantly increased(P&lt;0.05). The overexpression of FBXL19-AS1 reversed the inhibitory effect of flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus on the proliferation, migration and invasion of Huh7 cells. Flavonoids of Sophorae Fructus could inhibite the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatoma cells by regulating LncRNA FBXL19-AS1/miR-342-3 p pathway.

To investigate the chemical composition and pollution characteristics of spring fine particles (PM 2.5 ) in Changzhou, a total of 84 PM 2.5 samples were collected from March 1st to May 30th, 2017. We measured and analyzed conventional components, such as water-soluble ions (WSIIs) and carbonaceous components (OC and EC). The water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA) was also analyzed by an aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS). During the sampling period, the average daily PM 2.5 concentration was 101.97 μg·m -3 , with more than 73.8% sampling days exceeding the Target-2 standard of the national ambient air quality standard of China. The air quality during the sampling period was dominated by light, moderate, and heavy pollution, accounting for 39.3%, 21.4%, and 13.1% of the total days, respectively. The total WSIIs accounted for 39.86% of PM 2.5 mass, of which secondary ions (SO 4 2- , NH 4 + , and NO 3 - ) accounted for 81.85% of the total WSIIs. The slope of the linear fitted line of the anion and cation charge balance (AE/CE) was greater than 1 (1.09), which indicated that PM 2.5 was weakly acidic. The average OC/EC ratio was 2.53, indicating that PM 2.5 was influenced by the secondary conversion. WSOA included C x H y + (32.1%), C x H y O + (30.4%), C x H y O 2 + (25.4%), and H y O + (4.7%) identified by SP-AMS. The average oxygen-to-carbon (O/C), hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C), nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C), and organic matter-to-organic carbon (OM/OC) ratios of the WSOA were 0.72, 1.53, 0.04, and 2.15, respectively. Higher O/C indicated higher contributions from secondary photochemical reaction conversion in spring. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis for AMS mass spectra of WSOA identified three sources, namely hydrocarbon-like (HOA), semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA)-biomass burning OA (BBOA), and low-volatility oxygenated OA (LVOOA), which on average accounted for 18.4%, 34.1%, and 47.4% of the total WSOA, respectively.

Aqueous-phase chemical processing, as an essential formation pathway of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), has attracted widespread attention from within atmospheric chemistry fields. Due to the complicated reaction nature, reaction mechanisms, and product characteristics of aqueous-phase chemical processing, its contribution to the SOA budget is still not fully understood. In this work, we investigate how the initial concentration (0.03-3 mmol·L -1 ) of 4-ethylguaiacol affects SOA formation of aqueous·OH photochemical oxidation. We use soot-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SP-AMS) to monitor SOA mass yield and oxidation character, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ion chromatography (IC) to measure products and organic acids. Additionally, we use ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and high-performance liquid spectrometry (HPLS) to track the formation of light-absorbing products such as humic-like substances (HULIS). Our research indicated that the range of the O/C ratio of EG-aqSOA measured by the SP-AMS exhibited increasing trends with increased reaction time 0.42-0.61 (0.03 mmol·L -1 ), 0.49-0.84 (0.3 mmol·L -1 ), and 0.49-0.63 (3 mmol·L -1 ). Dimers (C 16 H 18 O 2 + , m/z 302) via SP-AMS were obviously higher under a higher initial concentration, thereby demonstrating that the oligomerization reaction proceeded more easily. The absorption at 250 nm recorded by UV-vis was distinctly enhanced, which might be attributed to new light-absorbing products with absorbance at 250 nm. Furthermore, the HULIS concentration increased with reaction time, in accordance with enhancement of absorbance in the 300-400 nm region, thus suggesting that aqueous-phase processing formed brown carbon. Small organic acids, including formic acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid, were detected by IC in all reaction solutions, with the highest concentration being for formic acid. GC/MS detected ketone, an OH monomer, and dimers in the aqSOA, which further indicates that functionalization and oligomerization took place.

Objective: To investigate the apoptosis of CD34 + CD38 - -KG1a leukemia stem cells induced by Qinba selenium-mushroom extract(FA-2-b-β), and its related mechanism., Methods: CD34 + CD38 - --KG1a cells were isolated from KG1a cell line by magnetic activated cell sorting. The proliferation ability of KG1a stem cells treatd by various concentration of FA-2-b-β(1.2-2.4 mg/ml) in vitro for 24 and 48 hours were tested by cell counting Kit-8(CCK8). Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of KG1a stem cells in each group after treated by FA-2-b-β in vitro. Expression of BAX,BCL-2,Casepase-3 and Cyclin D1 protein were detected by Western blot., Results: The proportion of CD34 + CD38 - --KG1a stem cells was (95.35±2.63）% after immunomagnetic isolation. The proliferation of KG1a stem cells was inhibited significantly by FA-2-b-β, which shows a time- and dose-dependent manner (24 h,r=0.943; 48 h,r=0.976). Flow cytometry shows that with the increasing of drug concentration, the apoptosis was also increased, when KG1a stem cells was treated by FA-2-b-β for 24 h. Western blot indicated that the expression of apoptosis-related protein BAX and Casepase-3 were up-regulated, the expression of BCL-2 and Cyclin D1 were down-regulated., Conclusion: FA-2-b-β can regulate proliferation and apoptosis KG1a stem cells, the involved mechanism may be related with the activation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway.

Objective: To analyze the expression level of the serum soluble E cadherin (SE-CAD) and Matriptase and its clinical significance for evaluation of the disease condtions and prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)., Methods: One hundred and ten patients diagnosed as AML in our hospital were divided into 3 groups: newly diagnosed group (38 cases), remission group (40 cases) and recurrence group (32 cases). The expression levels of serum matriptase were detected by Western blot, and the expression levels of serum SE-CAD were detected by ELISA. The serum levels of serum SE-CAD and matriptase among 3 groups were compared. Followin-up for one year, according to the outcome of patients, all the patients were divided into 2 groups: the survival group and death group. The serum levels of SE-CAD and Matriptase were compared between 2 groups. The correlation of serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase with the survival of AML patients was analyzed by multivariate Logistic analysis. The evaluation value of the serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase for the prognosis of the patients with AML were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC)., Results: The serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase were siginificantly different among 3 groups (P＜0.05). The serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase in remission group were lowest (P＜0.05), and the serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase were not different between newly diagnoses and recurrence groups (P＞0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase were independent risk factors for the prognosis of AML patients (OR=3.157, P＜0.05, OR=2.426, P＜0.05). By follow-up for 1 year, the serum expression levels of SE-CAD and Matriptase in survival group were lower than that in death group. ROC curve showed that when the cut-off value of matriptase level was 0.73 and SE-CAD level was 3.42 ng/ml, the AUC of predictions for the poor prognosis in AML patients was 0.849 (P＜0.05), the sensitivity was 85.6% (95%CI: 0.810~0.924) and specificity was 89.6% (95%CI: 0.849~0.941)., Conclusion: The serum levels of SE-CAD and matriptase can perfectly evaluate the condition and short-term prognosis of the patients with AML.

Objective: To synthesize and select an estrogen receptors aptamer that can be used in immunostaining of breast cancer tissues., Methods: ER protein was purified. ER aptamer that showed a high affinity and specificity for ER was synthesized and selected and by SELEX. Ligand -receptor interactions assay was adopted to measure the affinity of the aptamer-ER complex. Both the biotinylated aptamer and the anti-ER monoclonal antibody were tested for immunohistochemical staining of ER status on 105 breast cancer samples. Agreement on the detection of ER expression was determined by Kappa statistics., Results: The dissociation contant (Kd) of the biotinylated aptamer-ER complex, as calculated by a linear regression analysis, was determined to be (0.34±0.05) nmol/L ( n =3, r =0.989). The binding capacity (B max ) was 769.23 fmol/(mg prot·nmol -1 ·L -1 ). The ER aptamer and the anti-ER antibody both exhibited identical specificity to ER-expressing breast cancer cells. There was a high agreement between the two methods ( n =105, Kappa value=0.943, 95% confident interval=0.879-1.006, P <0.05 for the ER positive and negtive samples; n =75, Kappa value=0.805, 95% confident interval=0.642-0.967, P <0.05 for the ER weak and moderate/strong expression samples). Both the anti-ER antibody and the ER aptamer can also recognized breast cancer cells at the same sites. There was no expression in the negative controls. There were also positive expressions in the 2 endometrial cancer tissues by using biotinylated aptamer., Conclusions: Our results indicated that the synthesized ER aptamer has a high affinity to bind ER. ER aptamer and the anti-ER antibody can both be used for immunohistochemical staining of ER status in breast cancer tissue., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

To investigate the characteristics of diurnal variation of humic-like substances (HULIS) in atmospheric aerosols during winter in Changzhou, a total of 64 fine particle (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected from January 1 to February 28, 2017. In this study, the concentration as well as light absorption parameters of humic-like substances of carbon (HULIS-C) were examined. The results showed that the average day PM 2.5 and HULIS-C concentrations were 122.60 μg·m -3 and 4.18 μg·m -3 , respectively, slightly higher than those (111.72 μg·m -3 and 3.74 μg·m -3 ) at night. Via UV-vis analysis, we found that the ratios of absorbance at 250 nm ( A 250 ) of HULIS and WSOA (day:~77%, night:~75%) were significantly higher than the concentration ratios of HULIS-C and WSOC (day:~51%, night:~50%), indicating that more UV-absorbing substances and poly-conjugated aromatic structures exist in HULIS. The daytime E 250 / E 365 and SUVA 280 in HULIS were close to the nighttime ones, indicating that there was no obvious difference between day and night in HULIS with reference to aromaticity and molecular weight. There were no significant differences in MAE 365 and AAE 300-400 of HULIS between day and night. In addition, to obtain the main influencing factors of HULIS in winter in Changzhou, the correlation analysis of HULIS-C and other chemical components were conducted. The results show that biomass burning, fossil fuel combustion, factory emissions, and especially secondary formation, were the main influencing factors. Moreover, daytime HULIS were mainly influenced by secondary reaction of anthropogenic precursor contaminants, while nighttime HULIS were affected not only by secondary formation by but by also primary combustion emissions.

To understand the characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and organic nitrogen (WSON) in atmospheric aerosols during spring in Changzhou, 84 fine particle (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected from March 1 to May 30, 2017, in Changzhou. The water-soluble components, including water-soluble organic carbon, water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN), water-soluble ions, and carbonaceous components (OC and EC), were analyzed. The levels of WSOC and WSON and their source characteristics were discussed. The results show that the average concentrations of PM 2.5 , WSOC, and WSON are 101.97, 7.63, and 1.50 μg·m -3 , respectively, during the sampling period. The WSON accounts for 12.9% of the WSTN and the water-soluble inorganic nitrogen mainly exists in two forms, that is, NH 4 + and NO 3 - , accounting for 86.15% of the WSTN. The WSOC is weakly correlated with WSON ( r =0.58), indicating that WSOC and WSON do not have the same sources. The WSOC is related to SOC, K + , and secondary ions (SO 4 2- , NH 4 + , and NO 3 - ), indicating that it is mainly derived from biomass burning and secondary conversion; WSON is strongly correlated to secondary ions, indicating that it is mainly derived from secondary conversion. The wind speed is the main factor affecting the WSOC and WSON concentration levels. Furthermore, the WSON is positively correlated with the air pressure and negatively correlated with the temperature. The results of the principal component analysis show that PM 2.5 mainly originates from four sources:secondary formation, dust, coal combustion, biomass burning, and the ocean. The backward trajectory analysis indicates that the total concentrations of PM 2.5 , WSOC, and WSON in air masses from long-distance transformation are higher than that from short-distance transmission, whereas there is no significant difference in the WSON/WSTN ratio from different transmission paths.

Liquid water (cloud/fog droplets and aerosols) is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and can provide an important reaction media for aqueous-phase chemical reactions. Gaseous precursors (mainly VOCs) or their gas-phase initial or first-generation oxidation products (including intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds; I/SVOCs) can undergo chemical reactions in the atmospheric condensed phase (aqueous phase) to form low-volatility, highly oxidized organic matter[e.g., some key tracer species such as organosulfates (OSs) and organonitrogens (ONs)]. These products largely remain in the particle phase upon water evaporation and are referred to as aqueous secondary organic aerosols (aqSOAs). aqSOAs have been emerging as a research hot topic in atmospheric chemistry, as they can contribute significantly to OAs and thus have important impacts on the environment, climate, and human health. Despite considerable progress, so far, aqSOAs remain poorly understood owing to their complex formation mechanisms. In this review, we focus mainly on the relevant research results on the SOAs formed in aerosol water-aqueous aerosol SOAs (aaSOAs)-including gas-phase precursors, formation mechanisms, laboratory simulations, and field observations, as well as SOA yield and contribution to OAs. Meanwhile, we propose future directions regarding studies of sources and formation mechanisms of aaSOAs, including identification of unknown aaSOA precursors and tracer products, photosensitizer-triggered radical chemistry, formation pathways of OS and ON compounds, field observations and model simulations of aaSOAs.

Objective: To detect the serum levels of platelet microparticle (PMP), fibronectin (FN), and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) in acute leukemia (AL) patients with thrombocytopenic and to analyze the relationship of the serum levels of PMP, FN and vWF with bleeding degree., Methods: One hundred and one newly diagnosed AL patients from May 2014 to May 2017 were enrolled the AL group. According to the WHO standard of bleeding stratification, 101 AL patients were divided into 5 sub groups: 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 score groups; 52 normal persons subjected to physical examination were enrolled in control group. The PMP level was detected by flow cytometry; the FN and vWF levels were detected by ELISA. The levels of PMP, FN and vWF were compared between the AL group and the control group. The serum levels of PMP, FN and vWF were compared according to bleeding degree group. The relationship of bleeding degree with the serum levels of PMP, FN and vWF was analyzed., Results: The patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia aged 18 to 60, and accounted for 61.39%. The degree of bleeding was mainly 1 score, which accounted for 38.61%. The serum levels of PMP, vWF and FN AL groups were significantly higher than those in control group (6.06%±4.38% vs 0.89%±0.50%, 205.82±24.89 vs 58.04±13.35 µg/L, 398.29±46.93 vs 311.37±26.02 µg/L)(P<0.001). The serum levels of PMP, FN and vWF were different among 5 subgroup (P<0.01); the level of PMP and FN were the highest in 0 score group and the lowest in 4 score group; the vWF level was the highest in 4 score groups and the lowest in 0 score group. The bleeding degree in the patients with acute leukemia negatively correlated with PMP level, and positively with NF and vWF levels (r=-0.753, r=0.648, r=0.805)., Conclusion: According to the relationship of the bleeding degree with serum levels of PMP, FN, vWF in patients, the detection of PMP, vWF and FN levels can help to evaluale the bleeding degree in the patients.

To investigate the day-night variation characteristics of inorganic components in atmospheric aerosol, PM 2.5 samples were continuously collected for one month in Changzhou during summer and winter. Eleven water-soluble ions (WSⅡs) and 13 metal elements were compared in terms of their day-night character and sources. The results indicated that the day time average PM 2.5 mass concentration was higher than the night time, while the percentage of the total WSⅡs in PM 2.5 during the night was higher. The total WSⅡs fractions in PM 2.5 were higher in winter (44%-45%) compared to summer (31%-36%), with an opposite seasonal character for metal elements (winter day 3.03%, winter night 2.29%, summer day 4.40%, summer night 4.51%). SO 4 2- , NO 3 - , and NH 4 + , were the three main secondary ions, comprising 77%-85% of the total WSⅡs, suggesting that air pollution in Changzhou exhibits complex pollution characteristics dominated by secondary processes. The day time SO 4 2- /WSⅡs ratio (49.0%) was slightly higher than that of the night (41.1%) due to the photochemical reaction under stronger solar radiation, while the lower NO 3 - (1.98 μg·m -3 ) in the day compared to the night (5.10 μg·m -3 ) was attributed to the decomposition of NH 4 NO 3 during summer days. A good linear correlation among NH 4 + , SO 4 2- and NO 3 - , accompanied by a ratio of predicted NH 4 + to measured NH 4 + near 1, illustrated that NH 4 + ions mainly existed in the form of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 , and NH 4 Cl. It was concluded from the ion balance that PM 2.5 was weakly alkaline in summer but neutral in winter. Fe, Al, and Zn were the largest contributors to the total metal elements, with higher concentrations of Fe and Al and lower levels of Zn in the day time. A correlation coefficient analysis and principle component analysis revealed that inorganic components come from sources that include secondary aerosol formation, suspended dust, and vehicle emissions, but there is some seasonal variation and day-night differences.

Objective: To investigate the clinical application and outcomes of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome (KS)., Methods: A total of 143 nonmosaic KS patients underwent micro-TESE in the Center of Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital between July 2012 and August 2016. We analyzed their clinical and follow-up data and evaluated the outcomes., Results: Spermatozoa were successfully retrieved from the testicular tissue in 44.76% (64/143) of the patients, 84.4% (54/64) by unilateral and 15.6% (10/64) by bilateral micro-TESE. Seventy-five of the KS patients were followed up in the years of 2014 and 2015. Of the 34 patients with successful sperm retrieval, 73.52% (25/34) achieved clinical pregnancy and 8 boys and 8 girls were already born in 14 of the 25 cases., Conclusions: The micro-TESE is a useful method for sperm retrieval in nonmosaic KS patients, with high rates of sperm retrieval, clinical pregnancy, and birth of biological offspring.

To better understand the characterization and sources of carbonaceous components, a total of 60 fine particle (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected in Changzhou during summer (July to August) and fall (October to November) of 2016. The average mass concentrations of PM 2.5 , organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) during this study period were observed to be 73.0, 14.3 and 3.3 μg·m -3 in summer and 84.2, 13.2, and 3.5 μg·m -3 in fall, respectively. The average mass fraction of carbonaceous aerosols (OC+EC) in the PM 2.5 measurement was estimated to be 24.3% in summer and 20.7% in fall. Eight carbonaceous fractions, resolved by following the IMPROVE-A thermal/optical reflectance protocol, showed strong correlation ( r >0.92) between OC2, OC3, OC4 and EC1 and close correlations between EC2 and EC3 ( r >0.65), indicating probable similar contributors. OC and EC were moderately correlated, suggesting complex contributions to carbonaceous aerosol. The water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) to OC ratio (WSOC/OC) in the fall (60.9%) was slightly higher than that in the summer (57.4%), while secondary organic carbon (SOC) to OC ratio (SOC/OC) was lower in the fall (49.0%) compared with the summer (52.5%). The SOC/OC ratio was lower than the WSOC/OC for both seasons, suggesting that part of WSOC component originates from primary emissions. The significant correlation of WSOC and SOC confirms that most SOC is water soluble. Relationships between each carbonaceous species and the principal component analysis indicate that vehicle emissions and coal combustion are the two main emission sources of carbonaceous aerosols from the observation period. Back trajectory analysis was used to indicate that carbonaceous components at sampling site are mainly affected by local emission sources and short distance transport, whereas the contribution of long-distance transmission is small.

A total of 55 ambient fine particle (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected in Changzhou City from January to August 2016. The concentrations of 17 PM 2.5 -bound PAHs in the samples were analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that seasonal average mass concentrations of PAHs in winter, spring, and summer were 140.24, 41.42, and 2.96 ng·m -3 , respectively, which indicating that the pollution of PAHs in winter appeared more serious than in the other two seasons, and 4-6-ring high molecular weight PAHs were predominant in all three seasons. The average daily level of BaP was 3.64 ng·m -3 and the days it exceeded the permitted standard accounted for 41% of total days. PAH concentration had significant negative correlations with temperature (correlation coefficient: -0.643) and visibility (correlation coefficient: -0.466), whereas it had good positive correlations with atmospheric pressure (correlation coefficient: 0.544) and poor correlations with wind speed and relative humidity. PAH concentrations were higher at nighttime than at daytime, because of the influences of temperature difference, atmospheric stratification, as well as pollution sources. The results from the air backward trajectory model indicated that PM 2.5 -bound PAHs in Changzhou were mainly affected by local emission sources and short-distance transportation, whereas the contribution of long-distance transmission was small (only 11%). Based on analysis of characteristic ratios, PAHs were mainly sourced from coal burning, vehicle emissions, and biomass burning. An incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model was used to evaluate the health impact of PAHs via breathing exposure pathways. Results revealed that the ILCR of adults was higher than that of children. The ILCRs of the group for winter and spring were slightly higher than the risk threshold, but a difference was not obvious for summer.

Zirconium modified diatomite was obtained by modifying raw diatomite with zirconium and the mass fraction of zirconia was 12.39% in the obtained material, which was proved to be amorphous via XRD. SEM images showed that porous floccules covered the surface of diatomite after modification and the specific surface area of the zirconium modified diatomite was 75.22 m 2 ·g -1 , larger than that of raw diatomite (14.00 m 2 ·g -1 ). XPS spectra indicated that zirconia and diatomite were bonded together through chemical linkage, rather than physical deposition. The adsorption isotherm of phosphate by zirconium modified diatomite was fitted better to the Langmuir model with a calculated maximum adsorption capacity reaching 10.56 mg·g -1 . The adsorption amount of zirconium oxide component in the material was estimated to be 81.67 mg·g -1 ZrO 2 , which was higher than that of pure zirconium oxides reported in previous studies. The adsorption amount of phosphate by zirconium modified diatomite decreased with the increase of pH. The adsorption was proved to be a ligand exchange process, supported by the XPS spectra of Zr3 d region before and after adsorption. Chloride ion, sulfate ion and nitrate ion did not inhibit the adsorption of phosphate on the material, whereas coexistence of bicarbonate ions competed with phosphate ions to a certain extent. When treating eutrophic lake water with a phosphate concentration of 2 mg·L -1 , the phosphate concentration level could meet the Ⅲ rank of Surface Water Environment Quality Standard of China by adopting the dosage of zirconium modified diatomite ≥1.25 g·L -1 .

Objective: To analyze the association between serum levels of S100A8/S100A9 and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer patients.
, Methods: A total of 82 patients with CRC and 14 healthy controls were enrolled for this study. The levels of S100A8 and S100A9 in serum were detected by ELISA assay. The association between S100A8/S100A9 and clinicopathological features was analyzed by student-t test and one-way ANOVA. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was used to analyze diagnostic efficiency of serum S100A8 and S100A9 for colon rectal cancer. Logistic regression model was also established to analyze the possible risk factors for elevation of S100A8/S100A9.
, Results: The levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were (1 403.3±593.7) and (2 890.3±994.9) pg/mL in patients with colon cancer, and (712.8±265.3) and (1 492.7±564.6) pg/mL in controls, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). The similar results were found in rectal cancer patients, with a level of S100A8 and S100A9 at (1 417.7±666.5) and (3 026.7±887.6) pg/mL, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of S100A8 and S100A9 are better than traditional biomarkers. The levels of S100A9 in serum of CRC patients were correlated with clinical stages and distant metastasis. Serum levels of S100A9 in patients of stage III [(3 111.9±178.5) pg/mL] and stage IV [(3 831.4±278.5) pg/mL] were significantly (P<0.01) higher than that in stage I [(2 276.1±167.4) pg/mL], whereas there was significant change in S100A8 levels. Logistic regression showed the possible risk factors for the elevation of S100A9, including depth of invasion, lymphatic metastasis and degree of differentiation (P<0.05).
, Conclusion: Serum level of S100A8 and S100A9 in CRC patients were significantly increased and serum level of S100A9 was positively correlated with the malignant features of CRC.

Objective: To study the impact of the chloride channel dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) on the cytoskeleton of Sertoli cells in the mouse., Methods: TM4 Sertoli cells were cultured and treated with CFTR(inh)-172 at the concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 μmol/L for 48 hours. Then the cytotoxicity of CFT(inh)-172 was assessed by CCK-8 assay, the expressions of F-actin and Ac-tub in the TM4 Sertoli cells detected by immunofluorescence assay, and those of N-cadherin, vimentin and vinculin determined by qPCR., Results: CFTR(inh)-172 produced cytotoxicity to the TM4 Sertoli cells at the concentration of 20 μmol/L. The expressions of F-actin and Ac-tub were decreased gradually in the TM4 Sertoli cells with the prolonging of treatment time and increasing concentration of CFTR(inh)-172 (P < 0.05). The results of qPCR showed that different concentrations of CFTR(inh)-172 worked no significant influence on the mRNA expressions of N-cadherin, vimentin and vinculin in the Sertoli cells., Conclusion: The CFTR chloride channel plays an important role in maintaining the normal cytoskeleton of Sertoli cells. The reduced function and expression of the CFTR chloride channel may affect the function of Sertoli cells and consequently spermatogenesis of the testis.

During the process of growth, harvesting, transportation, processing and storage, Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) can be easily contaminated by fungi and their metabolites like mycotoxins, which not only express negative effects on the quality and safety of CHMs and their processed products, but also pose great threats to human health. Now, some chemical synthetic fungicides have been frequently used to control the growth of fungi and accumulation of mycotoxins in the preservation of CHMs. However, the concentration and type of chemical fungicides allowed for postharvest application are restricted due to the disadvantages of their high residual toxicity, long degradation period and pollution to the environment and so on. Therefore, it is critical to research and develop some highly effective, safe and non-toxic, natural, environment-friendly fungistatic agents from plants to prevent CHMs from being contaminated by fungi and mycotoxins. The paper reviews mycotoxins and their harmfulness, the effective compounds of fungistatic plants as well as the antifungal mechanism to provide scientific evidences for developing novel and effective fungistatic agents plants. Then, the application prospect of fungistatic agents from plants in the preservation of CHMs was discussed.

Objective: To investigate the effect of risperidone on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors, tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkB) and P75 neurotrophin receptor (P75NTR) in rat brain., Methods: Sixteen SD rats were divided into two groups (n = 8 for each group). The rats in experimental group were treated with risperidone [0.25 mg/(kg · d)] for 14 d, while the control group was given placebo. Total RNA sample in prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex and hippocampus was extracted, and the expression of BDNF, TrkB and P75NTR mRNA were determined by quantitative real-time PCR., Results: The treatment of risperidone significantly up-regulated the expressions of BDNF and TrkB in prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex and hippocampus, while the expression of P75NTR was not significantly changed., Conclusion: Risperidone upregulated BDNF-TrkB signaling, but not BDNF-P75NTR signaling, which may be helpful for the further pharmacological study of risperidone.

Four kinds of excilamps with different wavelengths (XeCl*, KrCl*, XeBr* and KrBr*) were used for removing ethyl acetate in gas phase. The removal efficiencies of ethyl acetate by three loaded catalysts (TiO2 loaded on organic film, graphene loaded on organic film, and TiO2 loaded on mesh) were compared, and the effects of lamp sources, irradiation power and initial concentration on the removal efficiency were also investigated. Moreover, irradiation spectra and power of light sources were determined, and photonic efficiencies under different reaction conditions were calculated. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of ethyl acetate decreased in the order of KrBr* > KrCl* > XeCl* > XeBr*, while the photonic efficiency seemed to be relatively high with both XeCl* and KrBr* excilamps. In the presence of the catalyst of TiO2 loaded on organic film, both the removal efficiency and the photonic efficiency were higher than those without catalyst, but the increment was not significant. The photonic efficiency increased with increasing initial concentration and gas flow rate. With KrBr* excilamp, a photonic efficiency of 5.63% was obtained when the experimental conditions were set as: irradiation power of 0.76 W, initial concentration of 946 mg x m(-3), and gas flow rate of 600 mL x min(-1).

To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on immune activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer and healthy persons were separated by the density gradient centrifugation method for subsequent experiments, with those from healthy persons as the positive control. The effect of Tanreqing injection on stimulating the proliferation of lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was determined by MTT method. The effect of Tanreqing injection on the lymphocyte secretions of IFN-γ and TNF-α and the subset ratio of lymphocytes cultured separately or with Tanreqing injection of different concentrations were examined by ELISA and flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. In addition, the LDH release assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK). According to the findings, all of immunological indexes of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer were weaker than that of healthy persons, but with the obvious increases in proliferation activity and IFN-γ and TNF-α secretions of lymphocytes co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection (P < 0.05). Among lymphocyte subsets co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD3- CD16 + 56+ cell ratios notably increased, whereas CD4+ CD25+ Treg cell ratio obviously decreased (P < 0.05). In the meantime, Tanreqing injection can markedly promote the cytotoxicities of CTL and NK (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Tanreqing injection shows a significant effect in promoting the immune activity of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer and their anti-tumor immunity.

Objective: To objectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yimusake Tablet in the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE) through a multi-centered large-sample trial., Methods: We conducted a multi-centered, open, fixed-dose, and self-compared clinical trial among 300 patients with diagnosed PE. The trial lasted 12 weeks, including 4 weeks without any medication and 8 weeks of treatment with Yimusake Tablet, 2 pills (1 g) per night. We observed the intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) before and after treatment, evaluated the safety of medication, and performed a questionnaire investigation on the patients' satisfaction., Results: Of the 300 PE patients, 288 accomplished the clinical trial. The patients ranged in age from 22 to 60 years, averaging at 31.6 years. The mean IELT of the patient was 62.5 seconds at baseline, 168.9 seconds after 4 weeks of treatment with Yimusake Tablet, and 222.2 seconds after 8 weeks of medication. Among the 157 patients with normal erectile function (IIEF >21), the mean IELT was 71.4 seconds before treatment, 147.4 seconds after 4 weeks of medication, and 172.5 seconds after 8 weeks of medication. The patients' satisfaction was significantly increased after treatment. Those complicated by mild to moderate erectile dysfunction achieved different degrees of improvement in the IIEF-5 score, with a mean increase of 3.8. Only a few patients experienced mild adverse events, including constipation, dry mouth, nose bleeding, abdominal pain, and lumbosacral pain, which were all relieved without drug withdrawal., Conclusion: Yimusake Tablet is a safe and effective medicine for the treatment of PE.