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For problem that shearer on fully mechanized coal face has lower positioning accuracy, a shearer positioning method using strapdown inertial navigation system based on Rodrigues parametric method was proposed. The tri-axial accelerometer and suspended gyroscope in the SINS were used to output information of acceleration and angular velocity of the shearer, and Rodrigues parametric method with no-redundancy was applied to calculate the position and attitude data. The simulation result shows that in the process of beveling feed, the maximum positioning error is 0.291 4 m and the maximum error of attitude angle is 0.602 2 °, it meets the requirements of positioning accuracy of shearer.