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Objective To investigate the independent risk factors among preoperative systemic inflammatory indicators associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to construct and validate a related risk prediction model. Methods Clinical data of 241 patients with CRC who received surgery at Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospective analyzed. Variable selection was performed using univariate analysis combined with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and 10-fold cross-validation. After constructing the best logistic regression model, multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the independent risk factors for preoperative LNM in CRC, and a nomogram was developed. The model was internally validated using the Bootstrap method and its predictive performance and clinical utility were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Univariate analysis and LASSO regression with cross-validation identified smoking history, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), and fecal occult blood (FOB) as variables with non-zero coefficients. Multivariate analysis using these factors showed that smoking history (OR=2.669, 95%CI: 1.158-6.150, P=0.021), high NLR(OR=1.895, 95%CI: 1.379-2.605, P＜0.001), low LMR (OR=0.907, 95%CI: 0.823-0.999, P=0.048), high FAR (OR=1.145, 95%CI: 1.062-1.235, P＜0.001), and positive FOB (OR=2.289, 95%CI: 1.132-4.630, P=0.021) were independent risk factors for LNM in CRC (P＜0.05). The ROC curve, calibration curve, and DCA curve indicated that the nomogram constructed in this study provided benefits to patients. Conclusion The risk predictive model constructed in this study demonstrated good predictive performance and clinical utility for preoperatively identifying LNM in CRC patients.

A self-designed device for testing the waterproof performance of double-sealing gaskets is applied in a superlarge diameter shield tunnel to conduct water pressure resistance experiments on the inner and outer double-sealing gaskets considering bolt holes. Through these experiments, the waterproof performance of bolt-hole on double-sealing gasket systems is investigated. The results demonstrate the following: (1) The bolt holes control the overall waterproof performance of the double-sealing gaskets fixed on the inner and outer sides of the segmental joint. When they leak under insufficient waterproof capacity, the improvement in waterproof performance of double-sealing gaskets is less, compared to that when a single-sealing gasket is used. (2) The waterproof performance of double-sealing gaskets is considerably enhanced with sufficient waterproof performance of the bolt holes. (3) The waterproof performance of bolt holes should meet the collaborative waterproof requirements of double-sealing gaskets when applying them in superlarge diameter shield tunnels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose/Significance] At present, the academic evaluation system has begun to take shape, but the existing evaluation methods still have their own disadvantages, which bring some disputes to the scientific nature of academic evaluation. Scholars at home and abroad analyzed the current academic evaluation activities. Many theoretical assumptions were put forward to promote the development of academic evaluation. At the same time, in order to make academic evaluation more scientific, scholars put forward improvement plans from the technical aspect. However, only a specific solution to a problem in academic evaluation is proposed, and the research on academic evaluation system based on blockchain is still blank. Therefore, the paper asks this question: Is it feasible to apply blockchain technology to academic evaluation? How to build an academic evaluation system based on blockchain technology? [Method/Process] Regarding the traceability characteristics and timestamp technology of blockchain data, the peer-to-peer transmission and distributed consensus algorithm of this technology were used to circulate academic coins in the academic evaluation system, and the academic currency equivalent to academic value platform was established. Using the imtamable characteristics of blockchain data and the timestamp technology, the electronic tag of academic research is established, so as to achieve comprehensive monitoring of all steps of academic research and ensure the objectivity of academic research at the data source. Combined with block chain technology, based on block chain academic currency circulation system, and with academic currency equivalent value platform set up, block chain was applied to the academic evaluation, which puts literature related information in the block in the chain store, and at the same time encourages users to do literature review, and implement comments thumb up for academic currency of incentive mechanism, to improve the impartiality of the academic evaluation. [Results/Conclusions] The system is capable of effectively improving the problems of scattered downloads and usage and incomplete statistics in the evaluation of influence, and enhancing the fairness of peer review after publication; At the same time, it can effectively realize copyright protection and scientific research reproduction. The academic coin circulation system based on block chain can be applied to scientific evaluation, copyright protection, user credit and other scenarios, which can provide beneficial inspiration for the future application of block chain in academic evaluation. For example, the circulation rules and incentive mechanism of the academic currency system proposed in this paper are not comprehensive enough. It is necessary to further improve the circulation rules and research ideas of the academic currency system.

Based on the shear load case, the bearing capacity and failure mode of composite laminates with circular and diamond holes were studied by test and numerical simulation. The results show: under the premise of the same laminate weight, the same hole accessibility and the same stacking angle information, the load-carrying capacity of the laminate with diamond hole is greater than that of the laminate with circular hole; based on the nonlinear continuum damage mechanics（CDM）, the fiber damage is predicted by using the maximum strain failure criterion, and the matrix damage is predicted by using the three-dimensional nonlinear puck failure criterion A three-dimensional finite element model of laminate is established and numerical simulation is carried out. The comparison with the experimental results shows that the model can effectively predict the bearing capacity and failure mode of laminate with hole.

Hemodialysis therapy is the primary treatment for end-stage renal disease with the ultimate goal of improving quality of life and survival time. In the context of limited medical resources and the global prevalence of COVID-19, incremental hemodialysis, as a means of individualizing the dialysis regimen according to the patient's residual renal function, can not only better protect the residual renal function by individualizing the assessment of the patient's dialysis adequacy in multiple dimensions without affecting the hospitalization and survival rate, but also can reduce the medical burden and the risk of COVID-19 infection in hemodialysis patients. This review explains the concept, conditions of implementation, background, advantages and limitations of incremental hemodialysis, and aims to show that incremental hemodialysis will be an important strategy to achieve a balance among medical safety, survival, quality of life, and medical costs in the current medical and social environment in line with the requirements of precision medicine, and deserves further attention.

Objective To investigate the effect of the modified method of preoperative skin cleaning on prevention of surgical site infection(SSI). Methods A total of 1450 patients undergoing spinal surgery were divided into the study group (n=747)and the control group(n=713)According to the preference of surgeons on method of preoperative skin cleaning. The routine preoperative skin preparation was conducted in the control group, and a modified method of preoperative skin cleaning (Jifro hand sanitizer and disinfectant gel)was performed after routine skin preparation in the study group. Besides, 50 patients in the study group were randomly selected for measuring Colony Forming Units (CFU) in the surgical area before and after cleaning the surgical site, and effect of using Jifro hand sanitizer and disinfectant gel CFU in the surgical site was analyzed. Results The incidence of SSI in the control group was 1. 96% and the study group was 0. 67%, which was statistically significant difference (P < 0. 05). After cleaning the surgical site of 50 randomly selected patients, the CFU after cleaning was fewer than that before cleaning(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The preoperative combination of Jifro hand sanitizer and disinfectant gel can effectively reduce the SSI rate and CFU, which is worth promoting in clinical practice. (目的 探讨改良术野皮肤清洁方法预防手术部位感染(SSI)的效果。方法 选取脊柱外科手术患者1450例, 根据手术消毒前皮肤清洁方式不同分为研究组(n=747)和对照组(n=713), 对照组常规清洁手术部位, 观察组在对照组基础上采用 “洁肤柔”洗手液和消毒凝胶清洁手术部位。另外, 随机抽取研究组50例手术患者, 根据清洁前和清洁后的手术区域皮肤进行细菌学菌落数的检测, 分析采用“洁肤柔”洗手液和消毒凝胶对清洁手术部位菌落数的影响。结果 对照组SSI发生率为1. 96%, 研究组SSI发生率为0. 67%, 2组差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。随机抽取研究组50例手术患者手术部位清洁前、后细菌学检测情况, 清洁后菌落数小于清洁前, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 术前联合使用“洁肤柔”抗菌洗手液和手消毒凝胶对手术部位进行皮肤清洁, 能有效降低SSI发生率和菌落数。)

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) in the patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) who were treated with CHOP (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone)-like chemotherapy. Methods Clinical data of 102 NHL patients undergoing CHOP-like chemotherapy in our department from January 2015 to March 2019 were collected in this study. After the patients with a known history of DM and impaired fasting glucose were excluded, diagnosis of DM was made according to the American Diabetes Association's criteria. The incidence and clinical characteristics of GIDM were observed. The risk factors of secondary GIDM were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Forty-four out of 102 patients (43.1%) developed GIDM, and the chemotherapy efficacy in the GIDM patients was worse than that of non-GIDM patients (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated that age ≥60 years, female, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level ≥6.1%, hypertension at admission or history of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level ≥5.0 mmol/L were high risk factors for GIDM (P < 0.05). Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥60 years, FPG level ≥5.0 mmol/L, HbA1c level ≥6.1%, hypertriglyceridemia and history of hypertension were independent risk factors of GIDM. Conclusion NHL patients with older age, higher blood glucose, and accompanied with abnormal blood lipid and blood pressure are more likely to develop GIDM during CHOP-like chemotherapy.

The construction vehicles runs and works on the off-road for a long time， and it is easy to produce violent vibration in many directions. To solve this problem， a 3-RPS parallel seat mechanism is proposed based on the comparative analysis of multiple parallel mechanisms. The single-open-chain theory and UG simulation are used to verify its "one flat and two turns" motion state. And the D-H matrix is used to analyze the positive pose model of seat mechanism motion. The seat mechanism model is established in Adams software， and the vibration damping performance of the seat model is simulated and analyzed for four different installation positions because of considering the different installation positions of the branch chain will produce different vibration damping effects. The research shows that the seat mechanism has good vibration damping performance. Branch chain is installed on the axis， the direction of vibration reduction effect is superior to the other position， and 120° three branches chain installed uniform damping effect is better than other ways. The results of this study can provide reference for the installation of parallel seats in construction vehicles under different working environments. At the same time， it is of great significance to improve the comfort and safety of construction vehicles.

To resolve the issues of thickness variation and thickness deviation at head and tail for ultra-high strength steels in continuous cold tandem rolling, a thickness deviation prediction model and a roll gap adjustment estimation model were established based on the metal mass flow equation firstly. In addition, a thickness control system was exploited, and optimal roll gap adjustment model was established. Finally, an optimization model for rolling speed and tension in the head and tail rolling processes of the strip steels was built. The first stand of continues cold tandem rolling unit was taken as the technical application objects to test the two typical ultra-high strength steels. The results demonstrate that the length of thickness deviation for the ultra-high strength steel AR4146E1 and DU6220A1 decreased from 70.3 m and 36.89 m to 16.85 m and 16.33 m respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the hybrid input five-bar mechanism in the process of actual movement,constant velocity motor will generate speed fluctuation,as a result terminal actuator will come out path error.An actual path synthesis method in consideration of hybrid input mechanism dynamics is proposed in order to generate much more accurate path.By means of five times spline functions interpolation method making the ideal path of servo motor second-order continuous,the dynamics model of hybrid input mechanism which in consideration of motor dynamics is given,the calculation of the dynamics model is described,with the input of the servo motor as design variables to reduce the path error of end executor.Example simulation certifies that the path of the proposed method can generate more accurate path.

The purpose of this study was to explore the significance and value of high frequency ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules. The general data of 122 patients with breast micronodules treated were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were diagnosed by high frequency ultrasound. The blood flow status, blood flow parameters and two-dimensional sonographic features of benign and malignant nodules were analyzed. The diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound was analyzed. The results showed that the proportion of grade I and grade II of malignant nodules was lower than that of benign nodules (P<0.05), and the blood flow resistance index of malignant nodules was higher than that of benign nodules (P<0.05). The negative predictive value, sensitivity, positive predictive value, specificity and accuracy of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant tiny breast nodules were 95.0%, 85.0%, 89.5%, 96.6% and 93.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference compared with pathological diagnosis (P>0.05). This study shows that high-frequency ultrasound can accurately diagnose benign and malignant breast small nodules by blood flow state and parameters, and has high accuracy and specificity. After using "BI-RADS" classification, the accuracy of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast lesions has been significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effect of straw fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete, this paper researched the mechanical properties of concrete with different lengths of rape straw and fiber volume content of rapeseed under the condition that the water-cement ratio was 0.50 and the strength grade was C35. The influence of rape straw fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete was analyzed by measuring the compressive, splitting, tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete, and the results were verified by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that with the increase of the length and the volume content of the rape straw fiber, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength first increased and then decreased. When the fiber length was 30 ~ 40 mm and the volume content was 0.1%, the compressive strength was 47.43 MPa, which was 16.45% higher than that of the control group. When the fiber length was 20 ~ 30 mm and the volume content was 0.2%, the splitting tensile and flexural strength of the concrete was 9.1 MPa and 3.71 MPa that were higher than those of the control group. Concrete internal structure with 0.2% and 0.4% fiber volume content was observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was confirmed that there was no large-area porosity at the fiber-concrete interface of 0.2% concrete, and the cement slurry on the fiber. The body was evenly distributed, and a good adsorption and adhesion force and mechanical meshing force were formed with the concrete. The internal fibers of the concrete were filled with harmful pores, no fiber agglomeration, which reduced the stress concentration and enhances the mechanical properties of the concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study effect liquid characteristic on nozzle atomization process, this article applied Particle Droplets Image Analysis, high speed camera, and Malvern particle sizer to carry out experiment which focused on how Don-q, Score and the concentration of Breakthru S240 affected spraying sheet and droplet spectrum with conventional fan nozzle ST110-03 and anti-drift nozzle IDK120-03. The concentration of Don-q, Score solution was 0.275 % and 0.1 % respectively and the concentration of Breakthru S240 added into Don-q and Score was 0, 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.1%. Whole images and Detail image of ST110-03 and IDK120-03 nozzles' spraying sheet were taken at 0.3 MPa to observe its structure and to analyze the influence of type of formulation and adjuvant concentration using high speed camera and PDIA respectively. And VMD was obtained from Malvern particle sizer. The results showed that: when spraying 0.275% Don-q solution without adjuvant, spraying sheets and VMD of ST110-03 had no significant change compared with water; For IDK120-03, the spraying sheet had slight increase and the VMD almost did not change. When spraying 0.1% Score solution without adjuvant, the spraying sheet decreased by 35.2%, 40.5% individually and the VMD increased by 13.5%, 28.9% separately for ST110-03, IDK120-03 nozzle. Meanwhile, the structure of atomization was significantly affected by formulation. For ST110-03 nozzle, the film region was significantly reduced; fragmentation in film region become seriously with increasing holes in spraying film, and the wave formation was disappeared with thinner rim. For IDK120-03 nozzle, the film region was also significantly reduced; fragmentation in film region also become seriously with increasing holes in spraying film, but the hole was smaller than that of water and 0.275% Don-q. Combined with the analysis of surface tension and viscosity, it was found that the surface tension was an important factor affecting length of spraying sheet, structure of film, the droplet size; with the reduce of surface tension, the length decreased and the VMD increased. For the increase of Breakthru S240 concentration, the length of spraying sheet firstly decreased and then increased. It had the minimum when the concentration of adjuvant was 0.01% and the spraying liquid was 0.1% Score; it had another minimum when the concentration of adjuvant was 0.03% for 0.275% Don-q. Meanwhile, the structure of atomization was affected by adjuvant concentration at different levels. For ST110-03, the perforation disintegration was gradually serious, the hole become bigger when spraying score with adjuvant, and there was still no wave formation even if the concentration of adjuvant was 0.1%; the fragmentation in film region become seriously with increasing holes in spraying film, wave formation gradually decreased when spraying don-q with adjuvant. For IDK120-03, the perforation disintegration was gradually serious, the hole become bigger when spraying score with adjuvant; the fragmentation in film region become seriously with increasing holes in spraying film when spraying don-q with adjuvant. Whereas the VMD firstly increased and then decreased, and the VMD had the maximum when adjuvant concentration is 0.03%. Therefore, it was concluded that the trend of droplet change and the difference of spraying sheet length had certain correlation, and the apparent rule was with the increase of spraying sheet, the VMD decreased; with the decrease of spraying sheet, the VMD increased. Coupled with the analysis of surface tension and viscosity, surface tension was gradually decreased, but the spraying fan did not decreased or increased gradually. Maybe other characteristic of liquid combined with surface tension together depended on spraying fan length and change of atomization region in complicated mixture. So it was deduced that surface tension was one of important factors effecting atomization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Viscoelastic suspension is a newly applicable suspension for a large power and heavy crawler vehicle. The viscoelastic suspension can support a heavy load efficiently when walking and working on the off road, raise the adhesion property of a vehicle, and decrease the impact vibration level of the vehicle. The suspension consists of a metal part and viscoelastic material which are spaced and arranged to notably control vibration by transforming vibration energy into thermal energy to dissipate it into the air due to the hysteretic characteristic of viscoelastic materials. To predict and accurately study the dynamic behavior of viscoelastic suspension and evaluate its vibration damping capability, fractional calculus was introduced because of the facts that the fractional calculus exhibits global correlation and data-fitting well when describing rheological phenomenon. In this context, a fractional order Kelvin-Voigt model considering the geometric factors i.e. A radius-thickness ratio incorporated into a dynamic model of viscoelastic suspension for crawler vehicle was established. In this model, the viscoelastic part was represented by a parallel-combination of a spring whose stress is in direct proportion to the strain and a spring pot whose stress is in direct proportion to the fractional derivative of the strain differentiating from the conventional damping pot with stress being proportional to the first derivative of the strain. A numerical solution was obtained by adoption of a Grumwald-Letnikov fractional derivative definition and a matrix function theory and its calculating codes were programming in Matlab. A history correlation coefficient was achieved to embody the afore-history influence of the viscoelastic suspension on its dynamic behavior. Parameters of a fractional model was acquired by fitting data using a least-square method based on a viscoelastic material tensile test carried out on a Testometric M350-10kN according to GB/T 528-1998 and GB/T 9865.1. For a pragmatic study case, a heavy crawler tractor installed with 8 viscoelastic suspensions was considered to analyze its vibration control effect by establishing its fractional model. Also the parameter influence on the vibration control effect, including exciting frequency, fractional order, and ratio of radius to thickness, was examined. The results showed that, compared with rigid suspension, the viscoelastic suspension exhibited remarkable vibration control capability, especially at the resonant frequency of about 4.5 Hz by reducing the response magnitude of the vehicle body by 64.10% in max value and 66.40% in RMS, thus satisfying the supporting and stable demands of the crawler tractor walking and working on the off road. Radius-thickness has a negative influence on the response magnitude of viscoelastic suspension, that is to say there is an effective way to reduce the vibration by introducing a geometry-modified viscoelastic suspension with higher thickness and lower action aero. Fractional order, however, exhibits a positive correlation to the behavior of the response magnitude, which inspires another valid method of altering the viscoelastic material parameter to perfect the vibration of the crawler tractor. The history-dependent factor gives evidence of the long range correlation of the fractional model, i.e., the system response at current time relates to the whole history whose influence increases with time closer to the current time. This research provides an essential theoretical basis for multi-objective optimization and dynamic design of a viscoelastic suspension for a higher power and heavy load crawler vehicle. Experiment study is an essential procedure as a further study. So our future work will stress the indoor test of a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of viscoelasitc materials, deriving a fractional constitutive model considering the temperature-frequency effect of viscoelastic material, and carrying out an in-situ test of a real crawler vehicle establishing a different-parameter viscoelastic suspension to investigate stable/dynamic stiffness, fatigue features, and vibration control capability under working conditions of cutting, pulling, digging, and crossing over an obstacle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postmodern curriculum studies have experienced three stages of development. The first stage focused on the reflection of modern curriculum paradigm and practice. The second stage focused on constructive efforts of establishing curriculum theories based on postmodern ideas. The third stage is characterized by the flourish of different approaches to curriculum which evoked an understanding paradigm of curriculum studies. These postmodern studies had profound influences on curriculum studies and practice in China. However, most references Chinese educationists used were produced before W. F. Pinar published his Understanding Curriculum in 1995. This paper explores new ideas on curriculum studies after Understanding Curriculum as a milestone of understanding paradigm of curriculum studies. By selecting Gough's perspective on curriculum under the context of globalization, Reynolds' approach to curriculum studies, Livingstone's concern about curriculum for the future human being, Hwu's Nomadic approach to curriculum studies, and Fleener's theory of curriculum dynamics, this paper outlines a big development of postmodern curriculum studies, and points out the major focus and possibilities of curriculum studies towards curriculum transformation for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To improve the stability of vitamin C(Vc) in cosmetics, Vc was coated with silica dioxide (Vc@SiO2), modified by silane (Vc@s-SiO2) and dispersed in decanoyl/octanoyl-glycerides (GTCC) oil phase system. The experimental results show that the encapsulation rate and drug loading rate are 68.2% and 13.6%, respectively, when Vc is encapsulated into silica dioxide. After modification, the surface of Vc@s-SiO2 is hydrophobic and the contact angle increases from 33.6° to 130.7°. When Vc is maintained at 50 or exposed to ultraviolet light, Vc@s-SiO2 exhibits an increase in antioxidant activity by 11.4 times and 27.7 times, respectively, compared to free Vc. This study reveals that silica dioxide coated Vc and dispersed in GTCC can isolate the adverse factors such as water oxygen, reduce the activity loss and improve the stability of Vc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] Soil chemical stoichiometry is an important trait affecting microbial activity and the associated carbon and nitrogen cycling. It is dynamic and modulating by both abiotic and biotic factors. In this paper, we study the effect of long-term fertilization on chemical stoichiometry of the topsoil in solar greenhouses. [Method] Soil samples were taken from solar greenhouses that have been in operation from 5 to 30 years. The control was soil samples taken from an adjacent field. The chemical properties of each soil sample were analyzed in laboratory. [Result] Soil organic matter increased in the first 15 years after the establishment of the greenhouse and then decreased asymptotically to a content as the greenhouses continued operation in the subsequent years. The variations in total soil nitrogen and total soil phosphorus were similar to that in soil organic matter. Depending on the operating duration of the greenhouses, the total soil nitrogen and total soil phosphorus were 1.4-2.6 times and 1.7-4.5 times that in the adjacent field, respectively. The total soil nitrogen and total soil phosphorus peaked 15 years and 20 years after the greenhouses were established, respectively. The C:N and N:P decreased with the increase in longevity of the greenhouses, with their values varying in the ranges of 8.7 to 10.3 and 1.2 to 1.6, respectively. In contrast, the C:P ratio increased significantly at first and then decreased slowly in the range of 7.7 to 15.6, with the increase in longevity of the greenhouses. The increasing rates of C, N and P with operating duration of the greenhouse were ranked in the order of P>N>C, resulting in C:P>N:P>C:N. [Conclusion] Continued high fertilizer input in greenhouse production resulted in an accumulation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, but the C:N, C:P and N:P ratios remained relatively stable. Increased phosphorus and decreased organic carbon is a problem in greenhouse production, and measures such as reducing phosphorus application, adjusting nitrogen fertilization and increasing organic fertilization can be used to mitigate this problem and improve soil health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Uranium Geology is the property of Uranium Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oil Drilling & Production Technology / Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi is the property of Shiyou Zuancai Gongyi Bianjibu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To eliminate the interference of calcium phosphate on the determination of calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco and to develop an accurate method for determining the mass percentage of calcium carbonate, CO2 was applied to react with calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco samples to form water-soluble calcium bicarbonate. Following the treatment, the variation of calcium ion concentration after CO2 treatment was determined by ion chromatography to analyze the mass percentage of calcium carbonate. The feasibility of the method was verified based on the repeatability, recovery, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) . The results showed that: 1) Calcium carbonate could be separated from calcium phosphate by CO2 treatment, and the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in the reconstituted tobacco samples could be accurately determined using three different pretreatment methods. 2) This method showed better repeatability and recovery with a relative standard deviation(RSD, n=5) of 2.69% and recoveries in the range of 95%-102%. The LOD and LOQ were 0.12% and 0.39%, respectively. 3) The variation of the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in different reconstituted tobacco samples was large and varied from 2% to 4% in five reconstituted tobacco samples. In conclusion, this method was convenient, rapid, and suitable for accurate determination of the mass percentage of calcium carbonate in reconstituted tobacco and other complex calcium salt reconstituted tobacco systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arid Land Geography is the property of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics / Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)