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In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of predictive modeling of the starch content of Huangshui, a byproduct of Baijiu production by solid-state fermentation, spectral information of Huangshui was collected using a Fourier transform near-infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and preprocessed by first derivative. Based on the preprocessed spectra, a predictive model for the starch content of Huangshui was developed using partial least squares regression (PLSR), and its performance was evaluated by determination coefficient (R2) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). As the original spectra contained a lot of redundant information, in order to effectively improve the detection accuracy and to optimize the modeling efficiency, the advantages of different feature extraction methods were combined. Finally, it was found that the PLSR model established by using the spectral features extracted by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) combined with the successive projections algorithm (SPA) was significantly better than the model built without feature extraction or using single feature extraction. The results showed that the R2 and RMSEP of the model established using CARS were 0.965 4 and 0.201 2%, while those obtained using CARS-SPA were 0.973 8 and 0.174 8%, respectively. The spectral dimension reduced from 2 203 to 126 after the combination of CARS with SPA, which improved both the prediction accuracy and the modeling efficiency. The method proposed in this study provides an effective means to optimize near-infrared spectral quantitative modeling of starch in Huangshui.

"Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA)/chloroprene rubber (CR) thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) was prepared by dynamic vulcanization and tear strength with different m(EMA)/m(CR) was investigated. The Mullins effect of TPV under tear mode and reversible behavior under heat treatment were studied. The results showed that tear strength of EMA/CR TPV was the highest when m(EMA)/m(CR)was 40/60. There was obvious Mullins effect in EMA/CR TPV under uniaxial cyclic tearing mode, and when the strain rate increased, the maximum tear strength, internal friction and damping factor of EMA/CR TPV all increased. When the tear strain increased, the maximum tear strength, instantaneous residual deformation, internal friction and damping factor of EMA/CR TPV all increased, but the stress softening factor decreased. The reversible recovery ability of Mullins effect of EMA/CR TPV was enhanced after heat treatment, and the reversible recovery effect was the best at 80 ℃. "

ObjectiveTo analyze the factors affecting the cost of hospitalization for patients and provide insights using the intrauterine lesion surgery group (DRG code NE19) as an example.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, with data from the first page of medical records of patients enrolled under NE19 at a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Beijing from March 15, 2022 to November 30, 2023. Influence factor selection and multifactorial linear regression analysis were conducted with hospitalization cost as the dependent variable, and patient's basic information, treatment information and key concern factors as independent variables. The profit and loss of medical records containing key factors and differences in indicators of hospitalization cost structure were analyzed in the context of clinical practice.ResultsA total of 2213 valid medical records (all female patients) were included, with patients predominantly young and middle-aged women under 45 years of age (72.12%), and with 931 day surgery medical records (42.07%). The diagnosis records included 334(15.09%) multiple uterine leiomyomas, and 246(11.12%) pelvic adhesions. A total of 150(6.78%) medical records involved ovary- and tubal-related surgeries or manipulations, with 160(7.23%) main operations being laparoscopic hysterectomy of diseased uterine lesions and 38(1.72%) mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissue using transhysteroscopy. Linear regression analysis showed that whether or not ovarian and tubal surgical operations were involved (βi=0.30), whether or not the main operation was laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine lesions (βi=0.30), and whether or not transhysteroscopic mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissue was used (βi=0.20) had a greater impact on hospitalization costs. In the analysis of the focal factors, the percentage of patients who experienced a deficit was higher for surgical operations involving the ovaries and fallopian tubes, whether the primary operation was laparoscopic hysterotomy for uterine lesions, multiple uterine leiomyosarcomas, and pelvic adhesions (all P < 0.05), and "whether or not transhysteroscopic mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissues was used" and "whether it was a day surgery" had a significant effect on several structural indicators of hospitalization costs (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe NE19 group of hospitals in the study had a high loss rate, and factors such as the severity of the patient's condition and the use of new technologies affected hospitalization costs, suggesting that there is room for further optimization of the existing grouping scheme. Tiered payment standards can be set up for different tiers of healthcare institutions, and a sound and optimized exclusion mechanism can be used to promote the development of new technologies. The internal management of hospitals should encourage the development of daytime surgery to improve the efficiency of medical services.

The oral microbial community undergoes significant changes during pregnancy due to constant changes in hormones, immune levels, dietary habits, and other external environmental factors. Recent evidence suggests a link between periodontal disease and pregnancy-related oral dysbiosis. Although this oral dysbiosis and pathogenic periodontal bacteria are thought to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it remains unclear how pregnancy-related oral dysbiosis regulates oral diseases and birth outcomes. Prenatal interventions can proactively reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes to protect child health, but further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms. Understanding the changes in oral microorganisms during pregnancy is critical for this endeavor.

China has abundant rice resources, and its processed product, rice bran oil (RBO), not only has a balanced fatty acid composition but is also rich in lipid-associated compounds such as γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and vitamin E, which are highly beneficial to human health. This study primarily conducted a literature review and analysis of the nutritional research progress on rice bran oil and its γ-oryzanol. It systematically outlined the nutritional effects and potential mechanisms of RBO and its γ-oryzanol in areas such as blood lipids, blood glucose, mood/sleep, muscle strength/physical performance, and immune regulation. Among them, the effect of RBO on blood lipids were mostly studied with clinical trials. RBO consumption may effectively improve lipid parameters, and reduce the risk of dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia, which could play a role in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in adults. This study has provided a reference for understanding the nutritional properties and potential applications of rice bran oil and γ-oryzanol. However, further research is needed to explore the health effects and mechanisms of RBO in different populations.

Background Hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often coexist, posing challenges in the management of blood pressure in these patients. A reliable and objective predictor is needed to anticipate the occurrence of hypertension and assess the status of blood pressure control in OSA patients, which would facilitate their blood pressure management. Objective To explore the correlation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and hypertension in patients with OSA. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Sleep Center of Peking University International Hospital, involving 510 patients who were diagnosed with OSA using polysomnography between January 2019 and September 2022. The derivation cohort comprised of 370 enrolled patients between January 2019 and December 2021, while the validation cohort included the remaining 140 patients enrolled between January and September 2022. Within the derivation cohort, patients were categorized into two groups based on their adherence to the definition of hypertension: hypertension group (n=211) and non-hypertension group (n=159). Subsequently, the hypertension group was further divided into two subgroups: blood pressure control subgroup (n=107) and blood pressure uncontrolled subgroup (n=104). The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results of patients in the hypertension group and non-hypertension group, as well as those in the blood pressure control subgroup and blood pressure uncontrolled subgroup, were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the predictors of hypertension in OSA patients and the status of blood pressure control in OSA patients with combined hypertension. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RDW in predicting the occurrence of hypertension among OSA patients, with its validity confirmed in the validation cohort. Results The multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that an increased BMI (OR=1.087, 95%CI=1.007-1.174, P=0.032), diabetes (OR=3.310, 95%CI=1.484-7.380, P=0.003), and a decreased RDW (OR=0.598, 95%CI=0.507-0.704, P

Because of their convenience, rapidness and non-invasive advantages, non-invasive skin physiological monitoring technique can be auxiliary examination of many common skin diseases and is of great significance in guiding the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Skin physiological monitor is a newly-developed non-invasive skin physiological monitoring technique, which can evaluate skin barrier by measuring transepidermal water loss rate (TEWL), skin surface pH, stratum corneum hydration (SCH), sebum content and so on. This manuscript reviews and discusses the applications and significance of non-invasive skin physiological monitors in dermatology. It will provide a basis for analyzing the correlation between skin barrier function and diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes.

To further enhance the mechanical properties and service temperature of silicone resin coatings， the effects of the silane coupling agent KH-560 and low melting point glass powder on the thermal protection performance of silicone resin coatings were investigated.The elastic modulus， bonding strength， thermal expansion coefficient， ablation， thermal insulation and thermal shock properties of the coating were tested using a high-temperature solid material dynamic elastic property tester， a universal electronic tensile machine， an expansion meter and a gas thermal shock experimental system； The composition， surface micromorphology and elemental content of the coating were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy， emission scanning electron microscopy， and its attached energy spectrum analysis.Results showed that with increasing KH-560 content (0～3%)， the elastic modulus and adhesion strength of the silicone resin coatings were initially increased and then decreased.When 2.0%KH-560 was added，the maximum values for the elastic modulus and adhesion strength of the coatings were achieved at room temperature， reaching 24.10 GPa and 4.40 MPa， respectively.This was mainly attributed to the enhancement of bonding between the silicone resin and the metal substrate， as well as between the filler and the silicone resin facilitated by KH-560.The addition of 110%glass powder was found to effectively improve the thermal stability and thermal shock resistance of the silicone resin coatings at 800 ℃， due to the melting of glass powder，which filled the voids generated by the decomposition of silicone resin， thereby preventing further oxidation decomposition of the silicone resin.Additionally， silicone resin coatings with a glass powder content of 110%were observed to exhibit good thermal insulation and ablative properties.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior has become a major public health concern and can have significant implications for the physical and mental health of adolescents. Peer victimization is a risk factor for adolesents to have NSSI behavior， so exploring the relationship and underlying mechanism between peer victimization and NSSI functions will provide a promising strategy for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI functions in adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression， so as to provide references for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescent patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.MethodsUsing multi-stage stratified sampling， 940 adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for bipolar depressive episodes or depressive disorders were selected from 14 psychiatric hospitals in China. All participations were assessed using Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation （C-FASM）， Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale （MPVS）， UCLA Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS） and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation coefficient was to assess the correlation among above scales， and the model fit and path coefficients for mediation were analyzed with model 4 in Process 4.0 for SPSS.ResultsA total of 698 （74.26%） adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression completed the questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 374 patients （53.58%）. Among adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression and NSSI behavior， MPVS total score was positively correlated with the scores of NSSI emotion regulation function， attention-seeking function and social avoidance function in C-FASM （r=0.104， 0.130， 0.266， P

Objective To investigate the adverse reactions, short-term and long-term effects of DP(docetaxel+cisplatin) regimen and PF(cisplatin+5-fluorouracil) regimen combined with intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)in patients with distant metastatic esophageal squamous carcinoma. Methods From January 2021 to June 2022, 96 patients with non-metastatic esophageal squamous carcinoma were randomly divided into 48 cases in Taihe County People′s Hospital of Fuyang City, Anhui province and 48 cases in control group. Which was treated with DP plus IMRT. The observation group was treated with PF plus IMRT. The occurrence of adverse reactions and the effect of both groups were compared. Results Compared with control group, the difference in the incidence of adverse reaction was not significant. The total effective rate was higher in the observation group than in that in control group (83.3% vs 62.5%, P＜0.05). Overall survival, 1-year survival, 3-year survival in observation and in control group were 70.83% vs 50.00%, 79.36% vs 60.23% and 65.10% vs 35.52%. Long-term outcomes were observed and compared. The median survival time was 34.40 months in the observation group and 18.3 months in control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions DP regimen combined with IMRT is more effective than PF regimen combined with IMRT in the treatment of patients with distant metastatic esophageal squamous carcinoma.

"Objective To explore the value of whole brain CT perfusion (CTP) imaging parameters and serum MMP-9 level in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after endovascular therapy of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients with ACI who underwent endovascular stent mechanical thrombectomy in Wuhan No.1 Hospital from June 2021 to September 2022. Routine CT plain scan, CTP, and serum MMP-9 examination were performed before endovascular treatment, and the symmetrical site ratio between the affected side and the unaffected side of CTP was calculated to obtain the relative parameter values: relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative mean transit time (rMTT), relative time to peak (rTTP) and relative permeability surface (rPS). According to whether the CT images re-examined within 7 days of treatment had HT, the patients were divided into HT group and non-HT group. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of HT with CTP parameters and serum MMP-9 level, and to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the two indexes on HT after endovascular treatment of ACI. Results Of the 46 patients, HT occurred in 12 patients and non-HT in 34 patients. Compared with non-HT group, rCBV and rCBF decreased,while rPS, PS, rTTP and MMP-9 increased in HT group (P＜0.05). However, there was no statistically significance of rMTT between the two groups (P＞0.05). rPS, PS, rTTP and MMP-9 were positively correlated with HT (P＜0.01), and rCBV and rCBF were negatively correlated with HT (P＜0.01), respectively.Among them, MMP-9 was most strongly correlated with HT (r=0.752,P＜0.01), followed by rPS (r=0.664,P＜0.01). The area under curve (AUC) of rCBV, rCBF, rTTP, PS, rPS and MMP-9 in predicting HT was 0.794, 0.755, 0.750, 0.848, 0.936 and 0.863, respectively, with rPS being the highest. Conclusion The changes in CTP parameters and the increase of serum MMP-9 level are of great significance in predicting the HT after endovascular treatment of ACI, which can provide a guidance for endovascular treatment of patients."

Objective To explore the effect of FBXW7 on ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Head and neck squamous cell lines HN4 and HN6 were cultured in vitro. FBXW7 and SOX2 overexpression plasmids were constructed, and the plasmids were stably transfected into cell lines. The overexpression transfection efficiency was verified at the transcription level and protein level by qRT-PCR and Western blot experiments, respectively. The lipid peroxidation levels of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells with overexpressing FBXW7 were verified by measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), and reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels. After treating cells with ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, the changes in cell viability were further detected to verify the effect of FBXW7 on ferroptosis. The effect of transfection of the overexpressed plasmid on cellular pathways was detected by Western blot. Results HN4 and HN6 cell lines showed increased levels of lipid peroxidation after overexpression of FBXW7, and the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 was able to effectively reverse the ferroptosis induced by overexpression of FBXW7. Western blot assay results showed that overexpression of FBXW7 reduced the expression of c-Myc, SOX2 and SLC7A11. Conclusion FBXW7 regulates the expression of SOX2-SLC7A11 by degrading c-Myc, thereby effectively regulating ferroptosis in HNSCC.

With the widespread application of ceramic matrix composites in hot end components of advanced aeroengines，it becomes particularly important to conduct efficient and accurate nondestructive characterization of defects/ damages formed during the whole life cycle. Due to the complex preparation and forming process of ceramic matrix composites and the high heterogeneity and anisotropy caused by multiphase composite，the traditional nondestructive testing technology based on the assumption of global homogenization faces many challenges. Based on the application of ceramic matrix composites in aeroengine field，the typical defect/damage types and characteristics in the whole life cycle of ceramic matrix composites are analyzed. The research progress and application of nondestructive characterization techniques of ceramic matrix composites in recent years are reviewed，the main challenges faced by existing nondestructive characterization techniques are summarized，and the future development trend is prospected.

The efficient removal of low concentration, recalcitrant, and highly toxic organic heavy metal complexes in industrial wastewater is a hot issue in the field of heavy metal pollution control. Adsorption method has received considerable attention in the treatment of organic heavy metal complexes pollution due to its advantages of low cost, high efficiency and easy operation. This paper elaborated on the development situation and research progress of mainstream adsorbents in recent years in the field of removing typical EDTA-complexed heavy metals in water, commented on the advantages and disadvantages of different types of adsorbents and corresponding performance optimization methods, and summarized the reaction mechanisms of relevant adsorbents. The advantages and limitations of traditional organic heavy metal complexes pollution treatment technology and current new adsorption technology were compared, which provided a beneficial reference for reasonable selection of the best type of adsorbent in complex environments. The application performance and development potential of new adsorbents in the field of actual wastewater treatment contaminated with organic heavy metal complexes were listed. The priorities of future research and development directions of new adsorbents were envisioned to provide reference for the treatment of wastewater containing organic heavy metal complexes by adsorption.

Kant's fundamental understanding of education plays a basic role and provides significant inspiration for the development of educational disciplines. The basic characteristics of his educational philosophy manifest as a duality of human beings and education, with nature and freedom as key concepts for understanding this duality. Based on the investigation of the image of humanity in Kant's philosophical anthropology, it can be observed that, in his view, the duality of human beings signifies the transition of individuals from natural beings to free beings rather than their coexistence. Based on the examination of the composition and design of educational methods and content in Kant's On Education, it can be discovered that the duality of education is founded on the aforementioned transformation and manifests in a dichotomy in form and continuity in content. The composition and development of the embryo and endowment serve as the fundamental basis for dual education, implying that the educational goals are also dualistic. Specifically, the goal of natural education is to foster the unrestricted development of individuals, whereas practical education aims to attain freedom for humanity. Kant integrated various aspects of human development by tracing the transformation from natural beings to free beings. However, he was unable to surpass their static dual existence, which represents the inherent contradiction in his educational philosophy of duality.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) in samples was captured and concentrated by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) and detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The anti-OTA monoclonal antibodies used in IAC and ELISA came from different clone strains, belonging to different idiotypes, and there were differences between their selectivity for binding to OTA targets. The combined use of IAC and ELISA could effectively filter out the interference from OTA analogues, thus improving the specificity and sensitivity of immunological analysis. The limit of detection (LOD) for OTA in spiked samples was 0.2 ng/g, the quantification limit was 0.4 ng/g, and the average recovery was 75.9%. Although the recovery of the IAC-ELISA method was slightly lower than that of ELISA, the sensitivity was increased by 60 times. For 49 real samples, the proportion of samples that tested positive by this combined method was 100% consistent with the result of the national standard method, with a missed detection rate of 0%. Therefore, the developed method exhibited significant advantages in accuracy. As a comprehensive immunoassay, this method does not require any large-scale instruments or equipment, and has no strict requirement on the operating environment, thereby making it easy for grassroot laboratories to analyze OTA in samples.

The combination method of numerical simulation and experimental verification was used to optimize the current evaluation method of tear strength of rubber unnicked angle test piece. Firstly, the tear energy at angle position of rubber test piece with different clamp distances was simulated by the simulation software, and then advanced video extensometer-digital image correlation analysis software was used to obtain the strain distribution cloud nephograms and the multi-location strain curves of the test piece with time. A new method was proposed to evaluate comprehensively the unnicked angle tear property by combining strain distribution cloud nephogram and corrected tear strength, and the method applicability was verified by the tear strength test of pure natural rubber and natural rubber/synthetic rubber blends. The results showed that the tensile degree of the non-effective test region and the tear energy at angle position were all different with the different clamp distances, when the other para-meters of the test piece were the same, which increased the volatility of the test results. Compared with the standard currently in effect, the variation coefficient of parallel test results could be reduced by using the corrected tear strength, and the test results was positively correlated with the carbon black dispersion in the vulcanizates.

Objective·To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors based on the Shanghai community elderly cohort.Methods·The study subjects were selected from the Shanghai community elderly cohort established from February to August 2019, with a total of 17 948 people. The study subjects were divided into 4 groups according to self-reported presence or absence of tumors and/or cardiovascular diseases during the baseline survey: tumor-free and non-cardiovascular disease group, single cardiovascular disease group, single tumor group and tumor cardiovascular disease co-occurrence group. The differences among the four groups of subjects were collected and compared in terms of demographic characteristics and physiological indicators, daily living habits (smoking, drinking tea, drinking coffee, drinking carbonated drink, drinking alcohol, sedentary time, physical activity level and sleep quality), past medical history, psychological status (depression and anxiety) and dietary compliance.Results·Among the study subjects, 60.1% of tumor patients were complicated with cardiovascular diseases. The differences among the four groups of subjects in age, gender, educational level, pre-retirement occupation, waist circumference, hip circumference and body mass index were statistically significant (all P

Objective To report and analyze the clinical features of the first documented case in China of anti-neurofilament heavy chain (NfH) antibody-associated encephalitis. Methods and Results A 63-year-old female presented with cognitive impairment, recurrent epileptic episodes, and aphasia. Head MRI showed multiple abnormal signals in bilateral frontal and parietal lobes, and slight swelling in some gyri, dilatation of the supratentorial ventricular system and brain atrophy, especially in bilateral temporal lobes and hippocampus. 18F-DPA714 PET/MRI showed abnormal uptake in multiple brain regions in the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, suggesting neuroinflammation in the brain. EEG showed frequent epileptiform discharges. Cerebrospinal fluid white cell count and glucose were elevated. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibodies related to autoimmune encephalitis were negative. Serum tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence assay showed cerebellar neurofilament-like fluorescence surrounding Purkinje cells, further detection of neurofilament protein-related antibodies, it suggested high titer of serum NfH-IgG (1∶1000). The patient was diagnosed with anti-NfH antibody-associated encephalitis. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone, the prognosis was improved. Conclusions Anti-NfH antibody - associated encephalitis is a rare and clinically complex condition. The myriad of symptoms complicates early diagnosis and differential identification. Early initiation of immunomodulatory therapy may offer prognostic advantages.

To address the challenge of solving the zero-pole of transcendental equation for distributed power station with simultaneous consideration of two factors， i.e.， dq-axis coupling and line distribution parameter， an impedance model for distributed power station considering the two factors is established. This paper proposes a matrix-determinant zero-pole solution method for transcendental equation using Padé approximation and provides detailed steps for calculating the zero-pole distribution of the transfer function. Furthermore，it analyzes the impact of the two factors on harmonic instability analysis in the system under different scenarios. The research demonstrates that the proposed method can accurately analyze harmonic instability issues when these two factors are considered simultaneously. And ignoring one of the two factors may result in the misjudgment of stability， and considering the line distribution parameter is a necessary prerequisite for solving the amplification point of high-frequency harmonics. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation.

Objective By investigating the retention and fatigue performance of polyetheretherketone(PEEK) clasps with increased proportions of clasp arm engaging the undercut, an innovative method to improve PEEK clasps’ performance was proposed and verified. Methods Three groups of PEEK clasps(n=10/group) with the terminal 1/3, 2/3 and whole of their retentive arms engaging the 0.75 mm undercut were designed and fabricated respectively along with a group of cobalt-chrome clasps(n=10) with their terminal 1/3 of retentive arms engaging the 0.25 mm undercut. Retentive forces were recorded initially and every 1 500 cycles for a total of 15 000 insertion and removal fatigue cycles. Optical scanning and software analysis were applied to evaluate the deformation of the clasps by root mean square (RMS) after fatigue test. The inner surface morphology of clasps’ arms was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results PEEK clasps with the whole of their retentive arms engaging the undercut exhibited highest mean retentive force (9.24±1.78) Namong other PEKK clasps, which was slightly lower than that of cobalt-chrome clasps (11.88±2.05) N. The retentive force of each group turned out to be reduced after fatigue cycles and cobalt-chrome clasps showed the greatest reduction (38.38%). The RMS of the PEEK clasps groups were of no statistical difference (P=0.111) and were lower than that of cobalt-chrome clasps (105.47±10.82) μm. Evidence of surface abrasion was observed on all groups of clasps especially on the section that engaged the undercut. Conclusion Increasing the proportion of PEEK clasp arm engaging the undercut effectively improved the retentive force and satisfied clinical requirements after fatigue cycles. PEEK clasps exhibited greater retention stability than cobalt-chrome clasps. It is feasible to improve the performance of PEEK clasps by increasing the proportion of clasp arm engaging the undercut.

Flavor compounds are important indicators of edible quality and nutritional value of corn. The quality deterioration of corn during storage is closely related to its flavor compounds. Corn samples harvested in four years from 2019 to 2022 were detected by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS/MS), and multivariate statistical analysis of flavor compounds relative content was carried out by principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The results showed that 129 volatile flavor compounds were detected in corn, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, benzenes, heterocycles, acids, ethers, hydrocarbons and phenols. The multivariate statistical analysis showed that volatile flavor compounds and storage years of corn were correlated. According to the importance of variable projection, 47 compounds had significant diversity between corn samples with various storage years. Among them, the relative contents of 1-octen-3-ol, neryl butyrate and 2-pentylfuran increased with the extension of corn storage years, while the relative content of pantolactone, methyl octanoate and 2-acetylfuran decreased with the extension of corn storage years. These 6 compounds were identified as characteristic differential compounds. The partial least squares discriminant analysis classification model was constructed, and had good discrimination for corn storage years (R2=0.99, Q2=0.97, prediction accuracy was 1). The model will provide technical means for dynamic monitoring of corn storage quality, which is of great significance for ensurance national food security and reduce grain loss.

Background Subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) is a common subtype of adrenal incidentaloma. There are few reports on the correlation between hyperglycemia and hypercortisone secretion and its postoperative change in SCS patients. Objective To assess the pre- and post-surgical prevalence of hyperglycemia in patients with SCS secondary to adrenal incidentaloma. Methods The data of 202 patients who consulted in respiratory department of endocrinology, renhe hospital affiliated to shanghai university (shanghai baoshan district renhe hospital). Participants included 36 SCS patients, 41 patients with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal tumor (CSA), 47 with nonfunctional adrenal tumor (NAT), and 53 controls. OGTT was performed in all of them, and based on the results, HOMA-IR, the area under the curve of blood glucose (AUCGlu) and insulin (AUCIns) were calculated, and plasma cortisol and urinary free cortisol and plasma ACTH were measured, then the values of the parameters were compared between controls and patients. Surgical treatment was given to SCS and CSA patients. The association of hormone and glucose metabolism parameters was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The prevalence of hyperglycemia in SCS, CSA and NAT patients before surgery and in controls was 41.7%, 51.2%, 25.5%, and 24.5%, respectively. The HbA1c, 2-hour post-load insulin (2 hPIN), AUCGlu and AUCIns in SCS patients were higher than those of controls (P

With the progression of big data and cloud computing technologies, there has been an escalating trend in cross-institutional data sharing and interaction within the financial sector. However, the frequent occurrence of privacy breaches poses significant challenges to ensuring data security protection. This necessitates the elevation of requirements for identity authentication across data centers and other technologies related to data security management. The traditional centralized identity authentication schemes are inherently flawed in security and scalability, which hampers their ability to meet the demands of high-frequency cross-center data sharing applications. The blockchain technology has emerged as a potential solution, offering exceptional characteristics such as a distributed nature, tamper-proof properties, traceability, and the ability to achieve multi-party consensus. In practical application scenarios, it is essential to not only protect the privacy of user identities but also to effectively regulate anonymous identities. An anonymous and supervisable cross-data center identity authentication scheme based on blockchain was proposed. This scheme did not necessitate alterations to the original architecture of each data center. Instead, a distributed multi-center consortium blockchain was formed by leveraging more than one server from each data center to establish a data center union. Blockchain technology was utilized to ensure the transparency and reliability of the identity authentication process. Additionally, attribute signatures were employed to safeguard user identity privacy while simultaneously creating an identity mapping table that facilitated the tracking of real user identities. Consequently, the scheme was designed to protect user privacy during cross-data center identity authentication and to enable effective supervision over anonymous identities. A thorough security analysis and the results of experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme possesses the following attributes: it does not require users to re-register, it exhibits characteristics of unforgeability and traceability, and it is capable of withstanding various network attacks, including replay attacks, denial of service attacks, tampering attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks.

In order to improve the tribological performance of transmission oil base oil and explore the influence of graphene layers on it, the graphene nanosheets with different layers and nano graphite(NG) were selected as lubrication additives for transmission oil base oil, and the lubrication characteristics of different layers of graphene and nano graphite transmission oil base oils were tested by UMT-3 reciprocating friction tester. Results showed that the dispersion stability of graphene with different layers in transmission oil base oil was different. Among them, single-layer graphene had the best dispersion stability due to its large surface area and weak interlayer forces, and oil molecules could fully fill the graphene interlayer and cause steric hindrance effects, which endowed it with the best dispersion stability. Moreover, all graphene with different layers and NG as lubricating additives for transmission oil could improve the lubrication characteristics of the transmission oil base oil. Therein, single-layer graphene(SGN) transmission oil exhibited the best tribological performance, with a 98% reduction in wear amount compared to base oil. In addition, the significant graphene peaks were detected in Raman tests on the worn surfaces lubricated with graphene and NG transmission oil, indicating that the adsorption of graphene and NG in the friction area formed a dense friction film, thereby reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate. Collecting and observing the friction products of SGN transmission oil effectively revealed its lubrication mechanism. Besides, the excellent tribological performance of SGN was mainly attributed to its excellent dispersion stability and the structural ordering transformation that occurred under shear action.

Food safety incidents caused by foodborne pathogens have attracted widespread attention. In order to ensure food safety, it is essential to adopt effective detection means. The emerging clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) system, consisting of CRISPR and Cas, is an acquired immune system widely found in bacteria and archaea, which efficiently and specifically recognizes and cleave exogenous nucleic acids and is more efficient than conventional techniques for detecting pathogenic bacteria. Based on a review of recent progress in research on CRISPR/Cas biosensing system coupled with isothermal amplification technology, this paper summarizes the classification and principle of CRISPR/Cas and recent progress in the application of CRISPR/Cas coupled with isothermal amplification in foodborne pathogen detection, and discusses the prospects and challenges for CRISPR/Cas coupled with isothermal amplification in the real-time detection of foodborne pathogens. We expect that this review will provide a reference for the further development of CRISPR/Cas biosensing system.

Selenium-rich foods serve the dual-function of providing nutrients and organic selenium. In the situation of selenium deficiency in the entire population, it is crucial to understand the sources of selenium and its circulation in the natural environment and biological systems. Current research on selenium-rich foods focuses mostly on chemical synthesis and bio-organic conversion, which is highly specialized and not suitable for horizontal comparison of different selenium-rich foods. There are few studies on the circulation of selenium and the selenium contents and health benefits of different selenium-rich foods. This article summarizes the sources, circulation and metabolism of selenium, the sources and forms of natural selenium in selenium-rich foods, and the selenium absorption and metabolism pathways in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Next, it reviews the current status of research on selenium-rich foods from various sources, and gives an outlook on the future of selenium-rich foods. This review may serve as a foundation for in-depth comparison of selenium-rich foods from various sources, and provide scientific guidance for the research and development of novel healthy selenium-rich foods.

In order to explore the effects of enzyme activities from plant root exudates on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and nutrients in karst areas, the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acidic phosphatase (ACP) of fine root exudates and rhizosphere soils in four vegetation restoration stages, which are shrub-grassland, shrubland, shrub-arbor forest and arbor forest, were measured. And, their relationships with soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The four enzyme activities of rhizosphere soils and root exudates were significantly higher in the late stage of vegetation restoration than that in the early stage of vegetation restoration. The enzyme activities C∶P to N∶P ratios of root exudates in arbor forest were significantly higher than those of other three stages, while the two parameters of rhizosphere soils were opposite. (2) Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activities of root exudates were positively correlated with the corresponding soil enzyme activity. Compared with the enzyme activities of root exudates, the correlation between soil enzyme activity and related nutrients became significantly stronger. In addition, the enzyme activities of βG, NAG and LAP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in rhizosphere soil, while the enzyme activities of ACP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with available phosphorus (AP) in rhizosphere soil. The above results indicate that vegetation restoration has positive effects on increasing enzyme activities of root exudates and soils. The enzymes of root exudates are the indispensable supplements for soils, and play an important role in promoting carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient cycling. To sum up, it will be that the regulation of root exudates and its enzyme activities may provide a new perspective for vegetation restoration in karst ecosystem.

The ecological stoichiometry of fine root carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) is considered to reflect the strategies whereby plants adapt to the soil environment. In order to gain an understanding of the seasonal variation in fine root C∶N∶P ratios in different forest types of karst ecosystem, we measured the C, N, and P contents and ratios of living and dead fine roots in shrubland and arbor forest, as well as the influence of abiotic and biotic factors. The results were as follows: (1) C, N, and P contents in the fine roots of arbor forest were higher than those of shrubland, thereby indicating that the fine roots of arbors may by characterized by a stronger absorption and storage of nutrients than those of shrubs. In addition, the contents of C in living fine roots were significantly higher than those in dead fine roots (P

Background The elderly are at high risk for acute pulmonary embolism (APE) , and the difficulty of early identification and diagnosis of APE in the elderly has made the active search for an optimal prediction method for elderly patients with suspected APE a medical problem that must be faced. Objective To investigate the predictive value of the 4-level Clinical Pretest Probability Score (4PEPS) for pulmonary embolism (PE) in elderly patients with suspected APE. Methods Basic information and related clinical data were collected from elderly (age≥60 years) hospitalized patients who completed spiral CT pulmonary arteriography (CTPA) examinations in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from 2017 to 2021. The study subjects were divided into the APE group and non-APE group according to the CTPA criteria for the diagnosis of PE in 2018 Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Pulmonary Thromboembolism. The 4PEPS, Standard algorithm, age-adjusted D-dimer (AADD) algorithm, YEARS algorithm and pulmonary embolism graduated D-dimer (PEGeD) algorithm were used to predict the APE of the study subjects, respectively, who were divided into the positive and negative groups, and the number of true positives, true negatives, false positives and false negatives of each prediction method was counted. The efficacy evaluation indexes of the five prediction method were calculated and their prediction values were compared. Results Among 1 193 elderly hospitalized patients who completed CTPA examination, 608 (50.96%) were male and 585 (49.04%) were female, with a median age of 74 (68, 81) years; 323 (27.07%) were APE patients and 870 (72.93%) were non-APE patients; there was no statistically significant difference between elderly APE patients and elderly non-APE patients in terms of gender and age (P>0.05) . 4PEPS, AADD algorithm, Standard algorithm, YEARS algorithm and PEGeD algorithm for elderly patients with suspected APE had a sensitivity of 95.05%, 97.83%, 98.76%, 97.21%, 97.83%, the specificity of 31.84%, 18.16%, 12.87%, 22.41%, 22.41%, the correctness of 48.95%, 39.73%, 36.13%, 42.67%, 42.83%, Youden index of 0.27, 0.16, 0.12, 0.20, 0.20. The net reclassification improvement (NRI) of 4PEPS, Standard algorithm, YEARS algorithm and PEGeD algorithm compared to AADD algorithm were 0.218, -0.087, 0.073, and 0.085, the difference of the NRI of 4PEPS compared to AADD algorithm was statistically significant (P

Objective To explore the relationship between the levels of serum 8 ‑ hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8 ‑ OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and cognitive dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods From February 2021 to February 2022, 126 patients with PD in The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were divided into normal cognitive function group (PDN group, n = 41), mild cognitive impairment group (PD‑MCI group, n = 47) and Parkinson's disease dementia group (PDD group, n = 38), and 50 healthy subjects were selected as control group. Hoehn‑Yahr staging was used to evaluate the severity of patients with PD during the "close" period of anti‑PD drugs, and the motor function of patients with PD was evaluated by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the severity of cognitive dysfunction at rest and in the "on" period of anti‑ PD drugs, and the serum 8 ‑ OHdG and MDA of PD patients and controls were collected. Pearson and partial correlation analyses were used to analyze the correlation between the levels of serum 8‑OHdG and MDA and MoCA score in PD patients. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in PD patients. The efficacy analysis of serum 8‑OHdG and MDA levels in predicting the risk of cognitive dysfunction in PD patients was carried out by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). Results The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the MoCA score and the duration (r = ‑ 0.241, P = 0.007), Hoehn‑Yahr staging (r = ‑ 0.333, P = 0.007), 8‑OHdG (r = ‑ 0.310, P = 0.000) and MDA (r = ‑ 0.291, P = 0.004) in PD patients. The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the elevated levels of 8‑OHdG (OR = 1.335, 95%CI: 1.137-1.568; P = 0.000) and MDA (OR = 2.928, 95%CI: 1.676-5.115; P = 0.000) were risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in PD patients. The results of ROC curve showed the areas under the curve of 8‑OHdG, MDA and their combination in predicting cognitive dysfunction in PD patients were 0.831 (95%CI: 0.761-0.902, P = 0.000), 0.846 (95%CI: 0.775-0.916, P = 0.000) and 0.922 (95%CI: 0.878-0.966, P = 0.000), respectively. Conclusions The detection of 8‑OHdG and MDA in peripheral blood is expected to be a serum marker to evaluate the severity of cognitive dysfunction in patients with PD, and to predict cognitive dysfunction in patients with PD.

To simulate the uniaxial powder compacting process, the 3D particle accumulation was generated by 3D discrete element method technology based on the experimental grading ratio. The evolution law and topological properties of the force chains were investigated during the powder compacting process, the jamming phenomenon was further studied using the velocity and coordination number of particles, and the correlation mechanism between the force chain and jamming behavior was discussed. The results show that, as the compression strength of the upper die gradually increases from 0 to 60 MPa, the number proportion of force chain particles rapidly increases to more than 40.0%, while the number proportion of high stress particles is stable above 12.5%. When the pressure exceeds 60 MPa, the force chains bend and form ring structure, causing the jamming phenomenon. As a result, the jammed point is set to 60 MPa. The jamming phenomenon also effects the powder densification. The axial velocity of the powder particles in the upper area is faster and the rangeability is larger than that of the powder particles in the lower area during the powder compaction process. However, when the compaction process is completed, the densification of the powder particles in the upper area is higher than that of the powder particles in the lower area.

In this paper we interpretated the background about Standardized surgical procedure of conformal sphincter-preservation operation (CSPO) for low rectal cancer (2023 edition), and several key issues need to be attention, for example, the definition of conformal resection, the clarity of relevant anatomical concepts, the functional advantages of CSPO, the main differences between CSPO and intersphincteric resection(ISR), the clinical value and indications, the principles and details of surgery, and the key issues of perioperative nursing.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of garlic polysaccharides against metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in mice. Methods: Totally 50 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly equally divided into five groups, namely, normal, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose garlic polysaccharides (250, 1 000, and 3 000 mg/kg mb, respectively). After 28 days of feeding, serum and liver samples were taken for pathomorphological examination, biochemical assays, and quantitative analysis of the expression of the genes Hmox1, Cat, Gpx1, Tnf, Ccl2, Cxcl2, Cxcl10, IL-1a, IL-1b, Fasn, Acaca, Cpt1a, Acox, Cd36, Fabp1, Apob and Mttp. Results: Compared with the model group, garlic polysaccharides at the medium and high doses significantly alleviated MAFLD, restoring the pathological morphology to normal, bringing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue back to near-normal levels, and obviously restoring the expression of Hmox1, Tnf, Ccl2, Cxcl2, Cxcl10, Cpt1a, and Acox to normal levels. Conclusion: Intervention of garlic polysaccharides, especially at the medium dose, can basically eliminate liver damage caused by MAFLD. The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory gene expression through suppressing the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation.

In the process of aircraft structure X-ray images evaluation，there are some problems such as inaccurate crack segmentation and difficult crack detection under complex background. An intelligent evaluation model （ELAN-Seg） for X-ray crack images of aircraft structures is proposed based on efficient layer aggregation network. The ELAN-Seg model is compared with the DeepLabv3+ model in the crack segmentation ability of the Xray images. Combined with image processing technology，the crack length of model segmentation is evaluated，and the model is verified by X-ray images acquired during aircraft strength test and field maintenance. The results show that the segmented minimum crack length is about 3 mm，the ELAN-Seg model is more accurate in crack segmentation of complex background X-ray images，and the crack detection rate is less than 3.8%. The proposed model has engineering applicability.

Ecological restoration zoning is the concept of carrying out ecological restoration scientifically. In existing zoning studies, an effective technical solution is to use ecosystem service supply and ecological security pattern analysis as starting points. These studies have mostly focused on the negative ecological effects of high-intensity human activities and are still essentially focused on at-risk areas. Zoning is used for identification, the potential for effective regional ecological restoration is not considered systematically, and there is insufficient support for the theory and practice of ecological restoration. However, ecological restoration is a product of human society and economic processes of input and output. In addition to accurately identifying ecological risk areas, research on restoration zones should also consider regional ecological protection policies and economic differences to increase investment in environmental protection and improve the effectiveness of ecological protection in a targeted manner. Based on the current paradigm, the spatio-temporal matching of social economy and natural resources is taken into consideration, to realize the optimization of an ecological restoration zoning technical scheme. Taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an example, a regional framework for the ecological restoration of land space based on ecological background pattern and potential was constructed. The results show that ecosystem services have declined significantly in the past ten years, and there are areas with good natural resilience and strong support from protection policies. Township as the unit of ecological restoration zoning. 1) The ecological maintenance area accounts for 7.7% of the total area, and focus should be on comprehensive improvement to promote economic and ecological sustainability. 2) The ecological protection area accounts for 44.5%, and focus should be on protection and stronger policy control. 3) The ecological improvement area account for 11.9%, and diversified and continuous maintenance measures should be adopted to strengthen the redundancy of regional ecological network. 4) The ecological restoration area accounts for 35.9%, and the priority for restoration should be areas with high natural resilience and policy support, and should mainly comprise long-term restoration projects. The coordinated restoration area has a high natural restoration; however, the policy support is insufficient. Cooperation with higher-level governments or with regional joint governance should be initiated to improve efficiency of the overall restoration in the region.

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is closely related to neurological diseases such as stroke, migraine, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and decompression sickness (DCS). It has been suggested that PFO closure could be effectively prevent and treat these neurological diseases. This article focus on exploration of the pathogenesis, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of neurological diseases related to PFO, and to discuss the potential complexity and future development of PFO closure for the treatment of these diseases. The aim is to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases related to PFO.

为提高虾青素的生物利用度，增加其稳定性，采用均质乳化-探头超声法制备虾青素纳米脂质载体（AST-NLC）。以粒径和包封率为指标，通过单因素试验和中心复合设计法优化AST-NLC的制备工艺，并对制备的AST-NLC进行X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）结构表征，以及4、25、50 ℃下的热稳定性测试。结果表明:制备AST-NLC的最佳工艺条件为甘油三硬脂酸酯与中链甘油三酯质量比1∶ 11（总质量0.99 g）、乳化剂用量（吐温-80+大豆卵磷脂，质量比1∶ 1）3.8%（以水相质量为基准）、油水比1∶ 34（体积比）、均质速度5 000 r/min、超声时间2 min、虾青素添加量2.0 mg，在此条件下制备的AST- NLC粒径为（79.30±1.21）nm，多分散系数（PDI）为0.01±0.01，包封率为（81.36±1.84）%，Zeta电位为（-18.13±2.83）mV；结构表征结果表明，AST-NLC中的虾青素是以分子的状态包裹在脂质体中；热稳定性结果显示，4 ℃更有利于AST-NLC的保存。综上，成功制备了粒径小、分散均匀且包封率较高的AST-NLC。In order to improve the bioavailability and increase the stability of astaxanthin, astaxanthin nanolipid carrier (AST-NLC) was prepared by the homogeneous emulsification-probe ultrasonic method. The preparation process of AST-NLC was optimized by single factor experiment and central composite design method with particle size and encapsulation rate as indexes, and the AST-NLC prepared was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and tested for thermal stability at 4, 25 ℃ and 50 ℃. The results showed that the optimal process conditions for preparing AST-NLC were mass ratio of glycerol tristearate to medium chain triglyceride 1∶ 11 (total mass 0.99 g), emulsifier dosage (Tween-80+soybean lecithin, mass ratio 1∶ 1)3.8%(based on water phase mass), oil-water volume ratio 1∶ 34, homogeneous speed 5 000 r/min, ultrasonic time 2 min, astaxanthin dosage 2.0 mg. Under the optimal conditions, the AST-NLC was prepared with a particle size of (79.30±1.21) nm, a polymer dispersity index(PDI) of 0.01±0.01, an encapsulation rate of (81.36±1.84)%, and Zeta potential（-18.13±2.83）mV. The structural analysis revealed that astaxanthin in AST-NLC was encapsulated in liposomes in the state of molecules. The thermal stability results showed 4 ℃ was more favorable for the preservation of AST-NLC. In conclusion, AST-NLC with small particle size, homogenous dispersion and high encapsulation rate was successfully prepared.

Grain temperature is one of the most important factors that affect the safety of grain storage. In order to reveal the distribution rule of grain storage temperature field in semi-underground double-storey squat silos(SUDSSS), the mathematical analysis models of the grain piles of the ground squat silo and the underground silo are established respectively in this paper, and the validity of the models is verified by the field test results. A numerical model of the SUDSSS was established. Through numerical analysis, the temperature field variation rule of the grain pile during the 1-year static storage of the SUDSSS after low-temperature grain storage was acquired by numerical analysis. The research demonstrates that the grain temperature within 2 m of the above-ground part of the SUDSSS close to the silo wall varies significantly because of the influence of the outside air temperature, and the temperature from 10.62 to 27.37 ℃. The grain temperature in the underground part is in a quasi-low temperature state all the year round, and the average temperature does not exceed 17 ℃ of the temperature in the underground constant temperature zone. At the beginning of the winter, a heat accumulation area will be formed in the upper storey of the ground between 1 ~ 3 m from the warehouse wall in a short period of time, leading to a large temperature difference in the grain pile near the warehouse wall, and then the temperature in the peripheral area will slowly decrease, forming a ‘hot core and cold skin’, and the thermal insulation measures of the silo wall can effectively reduce the influence of temperature on the grain temperature. The highest grain temperature in the upper storey in summer is about 3.86 ℃, lower than that of the shallow silo without thermal insulation. The research results can provide technical support for the popularization and application of the SUDSSS.

By establishing the standard rack tool profile curve equation, using the VB.NET programming language to carry out secondary development in AutoCAD environment, the dynamic simulation program of the whole process of involute gears and root cutting is developed using the generating method to further study and explore the gear root cutting process and root cutting mechanism, and the maximum root cutting radius is accurately solved. The wrong conclusion that the maximum root cutting radius is equal to the distance between the center of rotation of the gear being machined and the intersection point between the top line of the tool teeth and the line of engagement is corrected. Based on this, the limiting conditions of the root cutting to the starting point of the working section of the big and small gear tooth profile and the interference at the root of the big and small gear are redetermined in the closed diagram selected by the displacement coefficient. Then the closure line chart of the modification coefficient selection can be drawn accurately.

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) suffers from low output level and high harmonic distortion in medium-/low-voltage applications such as direct current (DC) distribution networks. In addition, the capacitor voltage of MMC is coupled with DC bus voltage in the traditional modulation method, leading to large fluctuations of capacitor voltages and deviation from the rated value under DC bus voltage margin. In order to solve the problems above, this paper proposes an improved nearest level control method, which can increase the output level of medium-/low-voltage MMCs by introducing a step wave correction. Based on the proposed modulation method, a capacitor voltage feedback control is thus proposed to limit the range of capacitor voltage fluctuations and improve equipment safety. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and real-time digital simulation system hardware-in-the-loop test.

According to the parameters and geometric dimensions of the gear, the parametric equations of the transition curve and involute line of the root cutting gear are established based on the principle of machining the gear with the generating method, the tooth shape diagram of the root cutting gear is accurately drawn, and the minimum chord tooth thickness and maximum root cutting radius are accurately calculated with the Matlab software. It provides a reliable basis for establishing the finite element model of the root cutting gear, quantifying the relationship between the bending fatigue strength and the displacement coefficient of the root cutting gear, determining the best displacement coefficient of the root cutting gear, and studying the feasibility of the use of the root cutting gear in the industrial production.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is one of common complications of long-term dialysis patients. Although medical treatment schemes such as calcimimetics and vitamin D analogues can be selected, patients refractory to drug treatment can still refer to parathyroidectomy as a treatment choice. At present, the surgical treatment include subtotal parathyroidectomy, total parathyroidectomy with or without auto-transplantation and purge parathyroidectomy. Because the etiology of this disease is related to hyperplasia of parathyroid tissue stimulated with metabolic disorder of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D in dialysis patients, the course of disease and target indexes of surgical treatment might still be difficult to control, and there still lies controversies in surgical therapeutic strategy. However, with updating of clinical data, the emergence of new concepts and the introduction of new technologies, reasonable drug selection and appropriate timing of surgical intervention will further improve the treatment efficacy and safety.

Objective·To compare the physical activities of stroke population and non-stroke population based on the baseline survey of the elderly population cohort in Shanghai communities, and explore the participation in different types of physical activities of stroke population.Methods·The subjects were screened from Shanghai Community Elderly Cohort constructed from February to August, 2019 according to the admission criteria. The subjects were divided into non-stroke group and stroke group according to whether they had reported a history of stroke by themselves, and the two groups were matched 2 to 1 by controlling age and sex with propensity score matching. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were collected, and the physical activities related to sports, transportation and housework in the last week were investigated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep quality of the subjects. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression of the subjects, respectively. The above characteristics were compared between the stroke group and non-stroke group, and the participation of different types of physical activities were compared between the two groups by multivariate Logistic regression model.Results·Among the 17 948 people included, there were 993 (5.5%) in the stroke group and 16 955 (94.5%) in the non-stroke group. After propensity score matching, there were 1 984 people (66.7%) in the non-stroke group and 992 people (33.3%) in the stroke group. There were significant differences in education level, pre-retirement occupation, waist circumference, body mass index, sleep status, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms and disease history between the two groups (all P

To investigate the effects of ultrasound treatment combined with pH adjustment on the gelling properties of composite gels prepared from ginkgo seed protein isolate (GSPI) and whey protein isolate (WPI), the physicochemical properties and molecular behavior of the GSPI and WPI mixture and the texture, water-holding capacity (WHC) and microstructure of the heat-induced gel of the protein mixture were characterized. Results showed that ultrasonic treatment at 25%, 45%, or 65% power alone did not significantly influence protein solubility. However, ultrasonic treatment combined with lower pH (pH 4.0) markedly decreased protein hydrophobicity, and increased surface sulfhydryl group content and the sol’s particle size. The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that ultrasonic treatment affected protein structure and aggregation behavior. The heat-induced composite gel formed at lower pH had poor textural properties, whereas the composite gel formed at higher pH (especially at pH 5.0) exhibited improved textural properties and higher WHC. The textural properties and WHC of the composite protein gel were significantly improved with increasing ultrasonic power, which was attributed to the fact that ultrasonic treatment strengthened the interaction between hydroxyl groups in GSPI and WPI, promoting protein aggregation and cross-linking and improving the structural compactness of the composite gel. Overall, ultrasound treatment combined with pH adjustment could be an effective method for improving the functional properties of the composite protein gel.

Background Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are common liver enzymes, but there are few studies on the correlation of these enzymes with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) . Objective To explore the association of serum ALT and AST/ALT ratio with T2DM and MS in older physical examinees in the community. Methods From January to December, 2018, 30 060 elderly people (≥65 years) who underwent free physical examination in 19 community health centers of 6 districts in Wuhan were chosen as the subjects. Their demographic data, life style, previous medical history, and results of physical examination and biochemical test were collected. Subjects were divided into quartile groups of ALT〔Q1 (ALT≤11 U/L, n=8 116), Q2 (11 U/L19 U/L, n=7 498) 〕, or quartile groups of AST/ALT ratio〔q1 (AST/ALT≤1.06, n=7 386), q2 (1.061.62, n=7 447) 〕. Cochran χ2 test was used to compare the prevalence trend of T2DM, MS, abdominal obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycerides (TG) and lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with the change of ALT level and AST/ALT ratio. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation of prevalence of T2DM and MS with ALT level and AST/ALT ratio. Results The age of 30 060 subjects (13 381 men and 16 679 women) was 65-99 years old, and the average age was (71.7±5.6) years old. The prevalence of T2DM and MS was 18.76% (5 488/30 060) and 29.73% (8 938/30 060), respectively. The regular exercise rate, BMI, waist circumference, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, ALT, TG and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were significantly higher and smoking rate, drinking rate, AST, AST/ALT ratio, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower in T2DM subjects compared to non-T2DM subjects (P

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a new method of immunotherapy for cancer that has achieved remarkable results in treating blood tumors. However, colorectal cancer(CRC), as a solid tumor, has different characteristics from hematological tumors, which impose certain constraints on the selection of its therapeutic targets and the effectiveness of treatment of CAR-T therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to select therapeutic targets with high specificity and effectiveness according to the characteristics of CRC, as well as to break through the constraints such as adverse effects caused by the treatment and the solid tumor microenvironment, to make CAR-T therapy applicable in the treatment of CRC. This article aimed to summarize the strategy of selecting therapeutic targets for CAR-T cell immunotherapy for CRC, analyze the restrictive factors of this therapy in the treatment of CRC, and forecast the prospect of CAR-T cell immunotherapy for CRC.

Background Focusing on primary care is the primary content of health care policies, however, there is a lack of effective measurement tools in practice. Objective To construct a index system for county health system development focusing on primary care, provide a reference for its monitoring approaches, and perform analysis and presentation with application cases. Methods In the study conducted from 2021 to 2022, the index system, weights and percentage conversion methods were constructed based on literature review and Delphi method, case application and analysis were conducted based on the data of questionnaire survey, institutional survey and medical insurance collected by baseline survey among residents, patients and medical workers, as well as data of key informant interview, in 2 experimental counties of county health system reform in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2022. Results The results of Delphi method showed that the authority coefficient of experts was 0.91, the coefficients of variation of two rounds of consultation were 0.14 and 0.13, respectively. The final constructed index system contains 3 domains, 15 dimensions, and 36 indicators, with a comprehensive index calculation method. The results showed that the overall scores for the two counties in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were 58.62 and 52.57, respectively, both of which were below the current national benchmark (60.00 points) . Conclusion Based on the data availability, the index system constructed in this study can be applied to monitor and evaluate county health system to achieve the goal of focusing on primary care, its application may improve visibility and priority of primary care development, facilitate the publish and implementation policies strengthening primary care.

Visceral hypersensitivity is one major pathophysiological characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) , a common functional bowel disorder. The detection and evaluation of visceral hypersensitivity are of practical significance for the guidance of clinical diagnosis and treatment of IBS. We reviewed the latest studies on the detection and evaluation methods of visceral hypersensitivity mediated by both peripheral and central factors in IBS patients and animal models, and found some limitations in these studies such as monotonous evaluation methods, and limited applications of the methods. The possible applications of these methods in both animal experiments and clinical trials can be explored in future researches.

Alternaria mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of Alternaria species, which have obvious toxicity （mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity, etc） to humans and animals. Alternariol （AOH）, alternariol monomethyl ether （AME）, alternuene （ALT）, tenuazonic acid （TeA） and tenoxin （TEN） are the most studied at present. Alternaria mycotoxins was reported in apples, orange, tomatoes, corns and other agricultural products. Eating these foods contaminated by Alternaria mycotoxins will cause serious harm to human health. In this paper, the pollution status and the detection technology of Alternaria mycotoxins were summarized, and the future research direction of Alternaria mycotoxins was prospected. The purpose was to provide references for the risk assessment, detection and prevention of Alternaria mycotoxins in foods.