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In view of the problem of the existing driving index analysis methods, which requires relatively complete bottom pressure detection data and cannot calculate the driving index when the formation pressure history is not clear, this study proposes a new strategy to use partial production performance data to calculate relevant parameters through an improved material balance method, in the case of not shutting down the well and affecting the production, and to calculate the complete average formation pressure history by driving a formula. Then, based on the average formation pressure obtained by this method, the driving energy and driving index could be calculated. Compared with two sets of actual field data, the average relative errors by calculation were 1.28% and 1.07%, respectively, proving the effectiveness of this method. The research results can guide the design and subsequent optimization of oil reservoir development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To know the variation of mechanical properties of steel after different high temperatures with different cooling methods, the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation percentage, shrinkage percentage of HRB400 steels with three types of cooling methods including spray cooling, nature cooling, furnace cooling were evaluated. Nondestructive infrared thermography technique was used to analyze the infrared thermal image of steels after high temperature with different cooling methods. Experimental results indicated that the mechanical properties were related to the temperature and cooling methods. The mechanical properties of the furnace cooling and natural cooling were similar, while water cooling changes was intense The average temperature rise was increased with the fire temperature of steel. The cooling method had little effect on the infrared average temperature rise of the post-fire bars below 700 °C, while water cooling had a greater impact on infrared temperature rise above 700 °C. Based on experimental data, the fitting formula of relationships among the average temperature rise of infrared, the fire temperature, the ratio of yield strength ratio, tensile strength ratio were developed. The results can be used to evaluate the bearing capacity of HRB400 steel after fire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Horizontal well drilling technology is a critical way for tight oil development. In 2013, a pilot test was carried out for horizontal well group in tight oil area in Jimusar. In view of long openhole, great displacement of horizontal section, and technical difficulties such as collapse wellbore, lost circulation, low penetration rate and long drilling cycle, a technology for increasing drilling rate for tight oil in Jimusar has been preliminarily generated. It is based on analysis of formation features, optimizing the wellbore configuration, control of wellbore trajectory, optimizing drilling fluid system, making individual drilling bits, reducing drag and torque in slim hole and field application of supporting tools. As a result, the penetration rate was increased by 98.27%, and drilling cycle was shortened by 17.92%. The technology lays solid foundations for further speeding up and larger application scale of long horizontal sections for tight oil in Jimusar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the interaction between influenza A virus PB1-F2 and human modulator of apoptosis 1 (MOAP-1)., Methods: The recombinant plasmid pACT2-MOAP-1 was constructed and co-transformed into yeast AH109 with pGBKT7-PB1-F2. The growth of the co-transformants on quadruple dropout medium and beta-galactosidase activity of the reporter gene were tested. We further confirmed the interaction of cellular protein MOAP-1 and PB1-F2 by glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays. In addition, we investigated the effect of PB1-F2 on MOAP-1 protein level by Western blot., Results: The results of yeast two-hybrid assay showed that MOAP-1 specifically interacted with PB1-F2 in yeast cells. Furthermore, the binding of MOAP-1 with PB1-F2 was demonstrated by glutathione S-transferase pull-down and Co-IP assays. PB1-F2 could upregulate exogenous MOAP-1 protein level., Conclusion: These results suggested that influenza virus PB1-F2 interacted with MOAP-1 and it might be involved in the regulation of cell growth and apoptosis via association with MOAP-1.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors and at the first place of mortality in today's world, It becomes more and more clear that the initiation and development of lung cancer is multistep processes involved in many genes. RNAi gets more and more attention in gene therapy because of its high efficiency and specificity. With RNAi technology, eukaryotic expression vectors aimed at AKT2 siRNA was designed and constructed, which is transfected into human small lung cancer cell line NCI-H446. The silencing effect was observed., Methods: Using the known sequence of AKT2's mRNA (M95936), we designed two oligonucleotides that have short hairpin configuration and one oligonucleotide as control. DNA double strands was annealed, and cloned into vectorpGEM-T. Then, blue-white selection and T7/SP6 PCR was used to screen the positive clones, the target DNA and the express vector pRNAT-U6.2 were cut down by BamHI and XhoI restriction enzyme, and linked with each other; use PCR test to filtrate the positive clones and sequenced the target DNA, then transfected it into human small lung cancer cell line (NCI-H446), cultured and screened by G418, RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of AKT2 mRNA in NCI-H446., Results: validate the positive sequence by PCR and, transfect them to lung cancer cell line (NCI-H446), AKT2-mRNA's expression was evidently declined., Conclusions: The expression vector pRNAT-U6.2-AKT2 was constructed successfully and the expression of Akt2 mRNA in small lung cancer cell line (NCI-H446) was obviously silenced after transfection.