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In order to improve the hydrothermal deoxygenation of organic acids as well as to reduce the cost, we prepared a Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst to study the hydrothermal deoxygenation of stearic acid in the absence of H 2 . The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and X-ray diffraction pattern suggest that both CuO and CeO 2 exist in the Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The crystals of Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 were more stable compared with those of the Cu/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst after 12 h of hydrothermal liquefaction at 300℃, thereby indicating a better thermal stability of the former. The presence of Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst could greatly improve the conversion of stearic acid (94.71%) and the yield of hydrocarbon (81.41%). A preliminary analysis of the mechanism suggests that decarboxylation is the main step in the deoxygenation during the hydrothermal liquefaction of stearic acid. The addition of Cu/ γ -Al 2 O 3 and Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 decreased the yield of n -heptadecane and increased the yield of n -octadecane. Besides, the yields of n -paraffins increased drastically from 0.45% to 49.72% along the series from n -nonane to n -hexadecane. Thus, the cracking reactions could be improved in the presence of Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 , suggesting that it is an efficient deoxygenation catalyst in the hydrothermal liquefaction of organic acid. In addition, the Cu-Ce/ γ -Al 2 O 3 catalyst could help in removing the carbonyl groups, and this effectively reduced the amounts of aldehydes and ketones in the bio-oil.